162 lines
19 KiB
XML
162 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="0A4D514048AAD78A4F539B066AC00F48" ID-DOI="10.21248/contrib.entomol.71.1.029-085" ID-ISSN="0005-805X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5742999" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638270695310" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Irmler, Ulrich" docDate="2021" docId="3A6C87E6FF864C6DFF0DD82D05080711" docLanguage="en" docName="ContribEntomol.71.1.29-85.pdf" docOrigin="Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 71 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:02FB06864C20681C17549899CC34643B.2:ContribEntomol.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="02FB06864C20681C17549899CC34643B" docStyleName="ContribEntomol.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Lithocharodes spinigera SHARP 1885" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="C655FF9EFF984C73FFEEDB7E00260230" masterDocTitle="The Neotropical species of the genus Lithocharodes SHARP, 1876 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae: Xantholinini)" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1699437350205" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="2968A310BFD898BEDB8990A436698C42">The Neotropical species of the genus Lithocharodes SHARP, 1876 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae: Xantholinini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="9F0D0EB0AD5CCD6F32AC5DCEE366330A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8996E77C3E88692B72535C166BE1CA07">Irmler, Ulrich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8DD9C191CD7B4FB2193138A14AD3BE31">Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="104D71935AE549B0411F2E4F40AFE272">
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<mods:date id="8D2C142057E025496A7D7869378CB70C">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3B33B8712DFAAB953C78C4376A1BA207">2021-06-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="08CC7B690A465DF13CA3094A48FFD291">71</mods:number>
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<treatment id="3A6C87E6FF864C6DFF0DD82D05080711" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A6C87E6FF864C6DFF0DD82D05080711" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3A6C87E6FF864C6DFF0DD82D05080711" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">
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<subSubSection id="FADF657BFF864C6DFF0DD82D0278015E" box="[227,606,851,878]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B27A36F0FF864C6DFF0DD82D0278015E" blockId="30.[227,606,851,911]" box="[227,606,851,878]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">
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<heading id="E932819CFF864C6DFF0DD82D0278015E" box="[227,606,851,878]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="75C54D73FF864C6DFF0DD82D0278015E" authority="SHARP, 1885" authorityName="SHARP" authorityYear="1885" box="[227,606,851,878]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lithocharodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinigera">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFF0DD82D01F1015E" box="[227,471,851,878]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">Lithocharodes spinigera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D6544B01FF864C6DFE30D82D0278015E" author="SHARP, D." box="[478,606,851,878]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" pagination="393 - 536" refId="ref41459" refString="SHARP, D. 1885: Fam. Staphylinidae. - In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 1 (2): pp. 393 - 536. - London, Taylor & Francis." type="journal article" year="1885">SHARP, 1885</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FADF657BFF864C6DFF0DD80501AB01BF" box="[227,397,891,911]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B27A36F0FF864C6DFF0DD80501AB01BF" blockId="30.[227,606,851,911]" box="[227,397,891,911]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">
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<figureCitation id="2AFE2A75FF864C6DFF0DD805013F01BF" box="[227,281,891,911]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[189,222,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox="[199,1417,242,1939]" captionTargetId="figure-111@44.[189,1436,232,1949]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 31–36: L.-??-group: Lithocharodes spinigera (31), L. curtipennis (32), L. fusciventris (33), L. nigerrima (34), L. puncticeps (35), L. bicolor (36); aedeagus (a), paramere (b), sternite VII of male (c), tergite VII of male (d); scale bare: A–D: 0.2 mm; B: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5743017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5743017/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">Figs 31</figureCitation>
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a-d, 43 D, 47 A
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FADF657BFF864C6DFF53D8D5026701F0" box="[189,577,939,961]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="B27A36F0FF864C6DFF53D8D5026701F0" blockId="30.[189,577,939,961]" box="[189,577,939,961]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="92D511DEFF864C6DFF53D8D5026701F0" box="[189,577,939,961]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">
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<treatmentCitation id="336410E1FF864C6DFF53D8D5026701F0" author="SHARP, D." box="[189,577,939,961]" page="491" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" year="1885">
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<taxonomicName id="75C54D73FF864C6DFF53D8D5026701F0" authority="SHARP, 1885: 491" authorityName="SHARP" authorityPageNumber="491" authorityYear="1885" box="[189,577,939,961]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lithocharodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinigera">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFF53D8D501BF01F1" box="[189,409,939,961]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">Lithocharodes spinigera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D6544B01FF864C6DFE70D8D5026701F0" author="SHARP, D." box="[414,577,939,961]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" pagination="393 - 536" refId="ref41459" refString="SHARP, D. 1885: Fam. Staphylinidae. - In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 1 (2): pp. 393 - 536. - London, Taylor & Francis." type="journal article" year="1885">SHARP, 1885: 491</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FADF657BFF864C6DFF53D897020C06D1" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B27A36F0FF864C6DFF53D89702E506B1" blockId="30.[189,795,1001,1153]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFF53D897019B0631" bold="true" box="[189,445,1001,1025]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">Type material examined</emphasis>
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:
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<materialsCitation id="02AD3CADFF864C6DFE29D897029906B1" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Guatemala" location="Guatemala" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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male,
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<typeStatus id="6D7E8852FF864C6DFDEAD89702450631" box="[516,611,1001,1025]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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(present designation):
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<collectingCountry id="CAD27660FF864C6DFF13DF7701560611" box="[253,368,1033,1057]" name="Guatemala" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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, near city (
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<collectionCode id="D4D4AE35FF864C6DFE0BDF77021C0611" box="[485,570,1033,1057]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">BMNH</collectionCode>
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). I studied two of the
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<specimenCount id="A4C3FD79FF864C6DFF53DF5701460672" box="[189,352,1065,1090]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">twelve syntypes</specimenCount>
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of Sharp’s collection, a male and a female. Both were fixed on one plate. The male was selected as
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<typeStatus id="6D7E8852FF864C6DFF53DF17013A06B1" box="[189,284,1129,1153]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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and a
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<typeStatus id="6D7E8852FF864C6DFE8EDF17019906B1" box="[352,447,1129,1153]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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label attached to the pin
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B27A36F0FF864C6DFF53DFD7020C06D1" blockId="30.[189,794,1193,1249]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFF53DFD7022306F1" bold="true" box="[189,517,1193,1217]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">Additional material examined</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="CAD27660FF864C6DFDFEDFD702A206F1" box="[528,644,1193,1217]" name="Guatemala" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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without more information, coll. Sharp (
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<collectionCode id="D4D4AE35FF864C6DFE26DFB7023806D1" box="[456,542,1225,1249]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">BMNH</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FADF657BFF864C6DFF53DE77011D04D1" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="B27A36F0FF864C6DFF53DE77011D04D1" blockId="30.[189,794,1289,1761]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFF53DE77010C0711" bold="true" box="[189,298,1289,1313]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="75C54D73FF864C6DFED8DE77020C0711" authorityName="SHARP" authorityYear="1885" box="[310,554,1289,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lithocharodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinigera">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFED8DE77020C0711" box="[310,554,1289,1313]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">Lithocharodes spinigera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be separated from similarly large species with light brown colouration, such as
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<taxonomicName id="75C54D73FF864C6DFF34DE3401730751" authorityName="SHARP" authorityYear="1885" box="[218,341,1353,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lithocharodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFF34DE3401730751" box="[218,341,1353,1377]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">L. simillima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by the sparser punctation of the head, in particular on the posterior vertex. The shape of the head is very similar to that in
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<taxonomicName id="75C54D73FF864C6DFE3CDEF4026B0791" authorityName="SHARP" authorityYear="1885" box="[466,589,1417,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lithocharodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFE3CDEF4026B0791" box="[466,589,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">L. simillima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Males are easy to identify by the long triangular process of sternite VII and the absence of spines on the endophallus. In
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<taxonomicName id="75C54D73FF864C6DFD76DEB4033207D1" authorityName="SHARP" authorityYear="1885" box="[664,788,1481,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lithocharodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFD76DEB4033207D1" box="[664,788,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">L. simillima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, no process at sternite VII is present and the endophallus has several large spines. As
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<bibRefCitation id="D6544B01FF864C6DFE09DD77025C0411" author="SHARP, D." box="[487,634,1545,1569]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" pagination="393 - 536" refId="ref41459" refString="SHARP, D. 1885: Fam. Staphylinidae. - In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 1 (2): pp. 393 - 536. - London, Taylor & Francis." type="journal article" year="1885">SHARP (1885)</bibRefCitation>
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already noted, the male’s spine on sternite VII is shorter and wider than in
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<taxonomicName id="75C54D73FF864C6DFF37DD3401670451" authorityName="SHARP" authorityYear="1885" box="[217,321,1610,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lithocharodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFF37DD3401670451" box="[217,321,1610,1633]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">L. armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Colouration, shape and punctation of head is very similar in both species. The aedeagus also resembles that of
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<taxonomicName id="75C54D73FF864C6DFED2DDF401820491" authorityName="SHARP" authorityYear="1885" box="[316,420,1674,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lithocharodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFED2DDF401820491" box="[316,420,1674,1697]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">L. armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but that of
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<taxonomicName id="75C54D73FF864C6DFDC5DDF402B40491" authorityName="SHARP" authorityYear="1885" box="[555,658,1674,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lithocharodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFDC5DDF402B40491" box="[555,658,1674,1697]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">L. armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has lobes in the middle part of the endophallus, which are absent in
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<taxonomicName id="75C54D73FF864C6DFF53DDB4011304D1" authorityName="SHARP" authorityYear="1885" box="[189,309,1738,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lithocharodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinigera">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFF53DDB4011304D1" box="[189,309,1738,1761]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">L. spinigera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FADF657BFF864C6DFF53DC7705080711" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B27A36F0FF864C6DFF53DC7702C50571" blockId="30.[189,794,1801,2082]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="80B1EAE2FF864C6DFF53DC7701190511" bold="true" box="[189,319,1801,1825]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">Description</emphasis>
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: Length:
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<quantity id="753D9B15FF864C6DFE4ADC7701DE0511" box="[420,504,1801,1825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
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. Colouration: Dark brown; pronotum, legs and antennae slightly lighter brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B27A36F0FF864C6DFF53DC3705080711" blockId="30.[189,794,1801,2082]" lastBlockId="30.[831,1437,233,1313]" pageId="30" pageNumber="59">
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||
Head:
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||
<quantity id="753D9B15FF864C6DFEEEDC37017A0551" box="[256,348,1865,1889]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="0.74">0.74 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="753D9B15FF864C6DFE74DC3701D00551" box="[410,502,1865,1889]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="0.53">0.53 mm</quantity>
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||
wide; eyes small; postocular sides slightly divergent to widely rounded posterior angles; postocular space 2.5 times as long as eyes; eyes not prominent; interantennal furrows weak and short; setiferous punctation irregular; on anterior vertex much denser than on posterior vertex; small midline impunctate except few irregular punctures; on average, interstices between punctures as wide as diameter of punctures or slightly shorter; on posterior vertex, interstices wider, 2 to 2.5 times as wide as diameter of punctures; laterally between setiferous punctures with moderately dense micro-punctation; surface without microsculpture; shiny. Antennae with first antennomere as long as one third of head-length; second and third antennomere conical; longer than wide; subsequent antennomeres distinctly wider than long; fourth antennomere twice as wide as long; tenth antennomere nearly three times as wide as long; fourth to eleventh antennomeres pubescent; fourth to tenth antennomeres with apical crown of short setae. Pronotum:
|
||
<quantity id="753D9B15FF864C6DFAE9D93705450051" box="[1287,1379,585,609]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="0.78">0.78 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="753D9B15FF864C6DFCD1D91703BA00B1" box="[831,924,617,641]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="0.47">0.47 mm</quantity>
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||
wide; widest in anterior third; anteriad, narrowed toward neck; in middle third, narrowed in concave curve; in posterior third, sides nearly parallel; posterior angles sub-rectangular; setiferous punctation deep and moderately dense except wide impunctate midline; adjacent to midline with irregular line of 12 to 13 punctures; surface without microsculpture; shiny. Elytra:
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||
<quantity id="753D9B15FF864C6DFB14D85705710171" box="[1274,1367,809,833]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="0.76">0.76 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="753D9B15FF864C6DFCD1D83703BA0151" box="[831,924,841,865]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.699999999999999" pageId="30" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="0.57">0.57 mm</quantity>
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wide; sides nearly parallel; humeral angles subrectangular; posterior angles rectangular; posterior margin weakly retreated to suture; setiferous punctation evenly moderately dense and deep; surface with extremely weak microsculpture; shiny. Abdomen with dense setiferous punctation; microsculpture slightly deeper and denser than on elytra; surface less shiny; posterior margin of sternite VII of male with long triangular acute process; on both sides of process deeply emarginate. Meso- and metatibia with two subapical ctenidia each. Aedeagus oval; anterior angles slightly prominent; endophallus thickly covered by short teeth; anteriorly narrower than posteriorly; inner lobe of paramere approximately parallel at base; slightly widened anteriad; anterior third curved ending in obtuse apex; covered by fine setae except at basal third.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |