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<document id="71FED5876EB65CB0B2459F9C1B48FFCE" ID-CLB-Dataset="26164" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="812e0570-38c6-4f6e-840c-7d52d87a8c12" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-PMC="PMC6910866" ID-PubMed="31712455" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3342161" ID-ZooBank="B1690E30-EC81-46D3-881D-97648DDC7745" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1563526566144" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias &amp; Ávila, Sérgio P." docDate="2019" docId="4148D21204DAFF58FF33FA38738B11E4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4639.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4639 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Peniagone diaphana" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="140" masterDocId="BD71AA6A0450FFD3FFA4FFCD76121037" masterDocTitle="The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)" masterLastPageNumber="231" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="139" updateTime="1698685128211" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="4C4016AF3CE4C48F76D7C4680EB8D8E1">The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D4E32CB3B9F84C53B2907DEF86A02898">De, António M.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704DAFF59FF33FA38743B1638" ID-CoL="76GFW" ID-ENA="1902841" authority="(Theel, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Theel" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[151,553,1524,1551]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Elpidiidae" genus="Peniagone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="diaphana">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DAFF59FF33FA38743B1638" bold="true" box="[151,553,1524,1551]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DAFF59FF33FA3877941638" bold="true" box="[151,390,1524,1551]" italics="true" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Peniagone diaphana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FE31FA3974331638" author="Theel" box="[405,545,1524,1551]" firstAuthor="Theel" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref201995" refString="Theel, H. (1882) Report on the Holothuroidea dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Part I. Challenger Reports, Zoology, 4, 1 - 176." type="journal article" year="1882">Théel, 1882</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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Reports for the
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:
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<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704DAFF59FF33F99574B51647" authority="$ Herouard, 1899: 171 - 172" authorityName="$ Herouard" authorityPageNumber="171" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,679,1622,1648]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Elpidiidae" genus="Scotoanassa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="translucida">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DAFF59FF33F99577821647" box="[151,400,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Scotoanassa translucida</emphasis>
<superScript id="3E94CE4C04DAFF59FE33F99B778C1653" attach="right" box="[407,414,1622,1636]" fontSize="6" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">$</superScript>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FE3BF99A74B51647" author="Herouard" box="[415,679,1623,1648]" firstAuthor="Herouard" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="170 - 175" refId="ref184143" refString="Herouard, E. (1899) Troisieme note preliminaire sur les Holothuries provenant des dragages du yacht Princesse-Alice. Revision de la sous-familie des Elpidiinae et description de nouvelles especes. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 24, 170 - 175. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 24436" type="journal article" year="1899">Hérouard, 1899: 171172</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 3, 1902: 4345, pl. 3, figs. 46, pl. 6, figs. 1720;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FB46F99A738A1647" author="Perrier" box="[1250,1432,1623,1648]" firstAuthor="Perrier" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" refId="ref197510" refString="Perrier, R. (1902) Holothuries. In: Expeditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman pendant les Annees 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883. Ouvrage publie sous les auspices du ministere de l'instruction publique sous la direction de A. Milne-Edwards de 1888 a 1890 et continue par E. Perrier. Vol. 7. Masson et Cie, Editeurs, Paris, pp. 273 - 554." type="journal volume" year="1902">Perrier 1902: 276</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FF63F9BA77BF16B8" author="Mortensen" box="[199,429,1654,1679]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" refId="ref192564" refString="Mortensen, T. (1927 a) Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles. Oxford University Press, viii + 471 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6841" type="book" year="1927" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1927a: 368</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 217.2, 218.23.
</paragraph>
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locality:
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Great Australian Bight, Pacific (
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,
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).
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DAFF59FF63F92D76EB16CC" bold="true" box="[199,249,1760,1787]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">See:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FF5BF92C77CF16CC" author="Theel" box="[255,477,1760,1787]" firstAuthor="Theel" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref201995" refString="Theel, H. (1882) Report on the Holothuroidea dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Part I. Challenger Reports, Zoology, 4, 1 - 176." type="journal article" year="1882">Théel (1882: 5556</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 9, figs. 35, pl. 35, fig. 18, pl. 44, fig. 9, as
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DAFF59FC42F92C72F016CC" box="[998,1250,1761,1787]" italics="true" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Scotoanassa diaphana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FB5DF92C76E91728" author="Hansen" firstAuthor="Hansen" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref183443" refString="Hansen, B. (1975) Systematics and biology of the deep-sea holothurians: Elasipoda. Galathea report: scientific results of the Danish deep-sea expedition round the world 1950 - 1952. Galathea, 13, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1975">Hansen (1975: 153155</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 71, pl. 10, figs. 78);
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FD82F8C875671728" author="Gebruk" box="[550,885,1796,1823]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gebruk" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref182236" refString="Gebruk, A. V., Tyler, P. A. &amp; Billett, D. S. M. (1997) Pelagic juveniles of the deep-sea elasipodid holothurians: New records and review. Ophelia, 46 (2), 153 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00785326.1997.10432581" type="journal article" year="1997">
Gebruk
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DAFF59FD25F8CB74A01728" box="[641,690,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">et al</emphasis>
. (1997: 155156
</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 1, AD).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E630404DAFF59FF63F8E575E01798" blockId="138.[151,1437,1724,2039]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DAFF59FF63F8E5774E1774" bold="true" box="[199,348,1832,1859]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Occurrence:</emphasis>
cosmopolitan, in the Atlantic, Pacific and Antarctic Oceans (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FC5BF8E472841774" author="Hansen" box="[1023,1174,1832,1859]" firstAuthor="Hansen" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref183443" refString="Hansen, B. (1975) Systematics and biology of the deep-sea holothurians: Elasipoda. Galathea report: scientific results of the Danish deep-sea expedition round the world 1950 - 1952. Galathea, 13, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1975">Hansen 1975</bibRefCitation>
); recorded from several isolated localities throughout the Atlantic, including the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone (Mid-Atlantic Ridge;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FAECF88076C117BC" author="Gebruk" firstAuthor="Gebruk" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="48 - 60" refId="ref181872" refString="Gebruk, A. V. (2008) Holothurians (Holothuroidea, Echinodermata) of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge collected by the G. O. Sars MAR-ECO expedition with descriptions of four new species. In: Gebruk, A. V. (Ed.) Benthic fauna of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge: results of the MAR-ECO expedition. Marine Biology Research, 4 (1 - 2), pp. 48 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000701842898" type="journal article" year="2008">Gebruk 2008</bibRefCitation>
), Rockall Trough, Porcupine Abyssal Plain (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FD64F8BC756B17BC" author="Gage" box="[704,889,1904,1931]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gage" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="173 - 214" refId="ref181474" refString="Gage, J. D., Billett, D. S. M., Jensen, M. &amp; Tyler, P. A. (1985) Echinoderms of the Rockall Trough and adjacent areas. 2. Echinoidea and Holothurioidea. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 48 (4), 173 - 214." type="journal article" year="1985">
Gage
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DAFF59FCA6F8BF752017BC" box="[770,818,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">et al</emphasis>
. 1985
</bibRefCitation>
), Bay of Biscay (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FB92F8BC72F017BC" author="Herouard" box="[1078,1250,1905,1931]" firstAuthor="Herouard" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 161" refId="ref184267" refString="Herouard, E. (1923) Holothuries provenant des campagnes des yachts Princesse-Alice et Hirondelle ii. (1898 - 1915). Resultats Campagnes Scientifiques Prince de Monaco, 66, 1 - 161." type="journal article" year="1923">Hérouard 1923</bibRefCitation>
), Gulf of
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(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FF3BF85877241798" author="Hansen" box="[159,310,1940,1967]" firstAuthor="Hansen" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref183443" refString="Hansen, B. (1975) Systematics and biology of the deep-sea holothurians: Elasipoda. Galathea report: scientific results of the Danish deep-sea expedition round the world 1950 - 1952. Galathea, 13, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1975">Hansen 1975</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404DAFF59FEEFF858778F1798" box="[331,413,1941,1967]" name="Angola" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Angola</collectingCountry>
Basin (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FE57F85874601787" author="Bohn" box="[499,626,1941,1968]" firstAuthor="Bohn" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref174119" refString="Bohn, J. M. (2006) Crinoidea and Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) of the abyssal Angola Basin-Results of the DIVA- 1 expedition of FS &quot; Meteor &quot; (Cruise M 48 / 1). Zootaxa, 1276 (1), 1 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1276.1.1" type="journal article" year="2006">Bohn 2006</bibRefCitation>
) and the Azores (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FC93F85875F71798" author="Herouard" box="[823,997,1941,1967]" firstAuthor="Herouard" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref184203" refString="Herouard, E. (1902) Holothuries Provenant Des Campagnes De La Princesse-Alice (1892 - 1897). Reisultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht, Fasc. 21, 1 - 62." type="book chapter" year="1902">Hérouard 1902</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DAFF59FF63F874770817E4" bold="true" box="[199,282,1977,2003]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Depth:</emphasis>
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<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304DAFF59FEFAF87577BF17E4" box="[350,429,1976,2003]" degrees="5,600" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" precision="55" value="-5.6">5,600</geoCoordinate>
m
</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FE7CF874746317E4" author="Hansen" box="[472,625,1976,2003]" firstAuthor="Hansen" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref183443" refString="Hansen, B. (1975) Systematics and biology of the deep-sea holothurians: Elasipoda. Galathea report: scientific results of the Danish deep-sea expedition round the world 1950 - 1952. Galathea, 13, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1975">Hansen 1975</bibRefCitation>
);
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:
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(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FC93F87475F417E4" author="Herouard" box="[823,998,1977,2003]" firstAuthor="Herouard" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref184203" refString="Herouard, E. (1902) Holothuries Provenant Des Campagnes De La Princesse-Alice (1892 - 1897). Reisultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht, Fasc. 21, 1 - 62." type="book chapter" year="1902">Hérouard 1902</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E630404DAFF59FF63F811739017C0" blockId="138.[151,1437,1724,2039]" box="[199,1410,2012,2039]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DAFF59FF63F811773E17C0" bold="true" box="[199,300,2012,2039]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Habitat:</emphasis>
benthopelagic (preferential swimmer;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FD44F81075A417C0" author="Gebruk" box="[736,950,2013,2039]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gebruk" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref182236" refString="Gebruk, A. V., Tyler, P. A. &amp; Billett, D. S. M. (1997) Pelagic juveniles of the deep-sea elasipodid holothurians: New records and review. Ophelia, 46 (2), 153 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00785326.1997.10432581" type="journal article" year="1997">
Gebruk
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DAFF59FC9FF813757E17C0" box="[827,876,2013,2039]" italics="true" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">et al</emphasis>
. 1997
</bibRefCitation>
); on soft sediments (mud;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DAFF59FB7BF810736417C0" author="Hansen" box="[1247,1398,2012,2039]" firstAuthor="Hansen" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref183443" refString="Hansen, B. (1975) Systematics and biology of the deep-sea holothurians: Elasipoda. Galathea report: scientific results of the Danish deep-sea expedition round the world 1950 - 1952. Galathea, 13, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1975">Hansen 1975</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E630404DBFF58FF63FF5474EB1084" blockId="139.[151,1437,152,467]" box="[199,761,152,179]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DBFF58FF63FF5477771084" bold="true" box="[199,357,153,179]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Larval stage:</emphasis>
lecithotrophic (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DBFF58FDB2FF5574E61084" author="Tyler" box="[534,756,152,179]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Tyler" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="135 - 140" refId="ref203115" refString="Tyler, P. A., Muirhead, A., Gage, J. D. &amp; Billett, D. S. M. (1985 a) Gametogenic strategies in deep-sea echinoids and holothurians from the NE Atlantic. In: Keegan, B. F. &amp; O'Connor, B. D. S. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 5 th International Echinoderm Conference, Galway, September 1984. Balkema, Amsterdam, pp. 135 - 140." type="book chapter" year="1985" yearSuffix="a">
Tyler
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DBFF58FDFFFF5474861085" box="[603,660,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
(1985a)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E630404DBFF58FF63FF70738B11E4" blockId="139.[151,1437,152,467]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DBFF58FF63FF70772F10E0" bold="true" box="[199,317,189,215]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Remarks:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DBFF58FEE8FF71741A10E0" author="Herouard" box="[332,520,188,215]" firstAuthor="Herouard" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="170 - 175" refId="ref184143" refString="Herouard, E. (1899) Troisieme note preliminaire sur les Holothuries provenant des dragages du yacht Princesse-Alice. Revision de la sous-familie des Elpidiinae et description de nouvelles especes. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 24, 170 - 175. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 24436" type="journal article" year="1899">Hérouard (1899</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DBFF58FDBEFF70744110E0" author="Herouard" box="[538,595,189,215]" firstAuthor="Herouard" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref184203" refString="Herouard, E. (1902) Holothuries Provenant Des Campagnes De La Princesse-Alice (1892 - 1897). Reisultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht, Fasc. 21, 1 - 62." type="book chapter" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
) described
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704DBFF58FD47FF7075EF10E1" authorityName="$ Herouard" authorityYear="1899" box="[739,1021,188,215]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Elpidiidae" genus="Scotoanassa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="translucida">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DBFF58FD47FF7075EF10E1" box="[739,1021,188,215]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Scotoanassa translucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on specimens collected by
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DBFF58FF33FF2C775510CD" box="[151,327,224,250]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Princesse Alice</emphasis>
between the
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and the European continent, at a station located in the easternmost waters of the archipelago (sta 749:
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304DBFF58FE12FEC974501128" box="[438,578,260,287]" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" precision="15" seconds="00" value="39.9">39°5400”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304DBFF58FDEAFEC974F21128" box="[590,736,260,287]" degrees="21" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" precision="15" seconds="45" value="-21.112501">21°0645”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="0E19CEE104DBFF58FD48FEC9755F1128" box="[748,845,260,287]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.005" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="5.005">5,005 m</quantity>
). Later,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DBFF58FC0FFEC872401128" author="Hansen" box="[939,1106,260,287]" firstAuthor="Hansen" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref183443" refString="Hansen, B. (1975) Systematics and biology of the deep-sea holothurians: Elasipoda. Galathea report: scientific results of the Danish deep-sea expedition round the world 1950 - 1952. Galathea, 13, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1975">Hansen (1975)</bibRefCitation>
established the synonymy of Hérouards species with the Pacific
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704DBFF58FD8CFEE475431174" authority="(Theel, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Theel" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[552,849,296,323]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Elpidiidae" genus="Scotoanassa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="diaphana">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DBFF58FD8CFEE4742B1175" box="[552,569,297,322]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DBFF58FDE2FEE574A21175" box="[582,688,296,322]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">diaphana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DBFF58FD1AFEE5755B1174" author="Theel" box="[702,841,296,323]" firstAuthor="Theel" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref201995" refString="Theel, H. (1882) Report on the Holothuroidea dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Part I. Challenger Reports, Zoology, 4, 1 - 176." type="journal article" year="1882">Théel, 1882</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. This species is a benthopelagic animal that spends a considerable amount of time in the water column (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DBFF58FD62FE8175D81150" author="Miller &amp; Pawson" box="[710,970,332,359]" firstAuthor="Miller" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref191354" refString="Miller, J. E. &amp; Pawson, D. L. (1990) Swimming sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea): a survey with analysis of swimming behavior in four bathyal species. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 35, 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 01960768.35.1" type="journal article" year="1990">Miller &amp; Pawson 1990</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504DBFF58FC78FE8172AD1150" author="Gebruk" box="[988,1215,332,359]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gebruk" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref182236" refString="Gebruk, A. V., Tyler, P. A. &amp; Billett, D. S. M. (1997) Pelagic juveniles of the deep-sea elasipodid holothurians: New records and review. Ophelia, 46 (2), 153 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00785326.1997.10432581" type="journal article" year="1997">
Gebruk
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DBFF58FB93FE8072751151" box="[1079,1127,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">et al</emphasis>
. (1997)
</bibRefCitation>
described juveniles taken about
<quantity id="0E19CEE104DBFF58FE82FEBC77A411BC" box="[294,438,369,395]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="105.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="10.0">10 to 200 m</quantity>
above the seabed, at a depth from
<quantity id="0E19CEE104DBFF58FCF6FEBC720F11BC" box="[850,1053,368,395]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.298" metricValueMax="4.565" metricValueMin="4.031" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="4.298" valueMax="4.565" valueMin="4.031">4,031 to 4,565 m</quantity>
. The great difficulty of sampling benthopelagic holothurians at great depths could be the reason for its somewhat sparse distribution in the Atlantic, particularly in the
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE604DBFF58FEC1FE7477A511E4" box="[357,439,441,467]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Azores</collectingRegion>
, where only a single tow from about
<quantity id="0E19CEE104DBFF58FCFCFE7575A611E4" box="[856,948,440,467]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="5.0">5,000 m</quantity>
depth delivered specimens of
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704DBFF58FAADFE74738011E5" baseAuthorityName="Theel" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1289,1426,440,466]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Elpidiidae" genus="Scotoanassa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="diaphana">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604DBFF58FAADFE74738011E5" box="[1289,1426,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">P. diaphana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>