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<mods:title id="E6A0861566417BC655E0499A254656F8">The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D5FF56FF33F914742716C3" bold="true" box="[151,565,1753,1780]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Echinocyamus scaber macrostomus</emphasis>
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Reports for the
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D5FF56FF33F8F077A41763" box="[151,438,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Echinocyamus macrostomus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FE67F8F074AF1762" author="Mortensen" box="[451,701,1852,1877]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref192287" refString="Mortensen, T. (1907) Echinoidea (Part 2). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition 1895 - 1896. 4 (2). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1907">Mortensen, 1907: 3637</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 12, figs. 2, 7, 17, 24;
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<treatmentCitation id="4840451504D5FF56FC1BF8F1726F1762" author="Koehler, R." box="[959,1149,1852,1877]" page="235" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FC1BF8F1726F1762" author="Koehler" box="[959,1149,1852,1877]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909: 235</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 4, figs. 910;
<treatmentCitation id="4840451504D5FF56FA94F8F077281743" author="Mortensen, T." page="315" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" year="1927">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FA94F8F077281743" author="Mortensen" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" refId="ref192564" refString="Mortensen, T. (1927 a) Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles. Oxford University Press, viii + 471 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6841" type="book" year="1927" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1927a: 315</bibRefCitation>
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,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FEE1F89677F31744" author="Mortensen" box="[325,481,1883,1907]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" refId="ref193141" refString="Mortensen, T. (1948) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. IV. 2. Clypeasteroida. Clypeasteridae, Arachnoidae, Fibulariidae, Laganidae and Scutellidae. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 471 pp." type="book" year="1948">1948: 183184</bibRefCitation>
;
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FE4FF89675101743" author="Garcia-Diez" box="[491,770,1883,1908]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Garcia-Diez" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="35 - 59" refId="ref181624" refString="Garcia-Diez, C., Porteiro, F. M., Meirinho, A., Cardigos, F. &amp; Tempera, F. (2005) Taxonomic review of selected invertebrate groups collected during the Campaigns of the Prince Albert I of Monaco in the Azorean waters. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences, 22 A, 35 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">
García-Diez
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D5FF56FDC9F89174881744" box="[621,666,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">et al</emphasis>
. 2005: 51
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FCA9F896721B1743" author="Madeira" box="[781,1033,1883,1908]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Madeira" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="243 - 264" refId="ref188800" refString="Madeira, P., Kroh, A., Cordeiro, R., Meireles, R. &amp; Avila, S. P. (2011) The fossil echinoids of Santa Maria Island, Azores (Northern Atlantic Ocean). Acta Geologica Polonica, 61 (3), 243 - 264." type="journal article" year="2011">
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D5FF56FCCCF89175891744" box="[872,923,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 255
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;
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<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704D5FF56FF33F8B774A217A5" authority="Mortensen, 1907" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,688,1914,1938]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinocyamidae" genus="Echinocyamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clypeasteroida" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="scaber" subSpecies="macrostomus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D5FF56FF33F8B7741217A5" box="[151,512,1914,1938]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Echinocyamus scaber macrostomus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FDA3F8B774A217A5" author="Mortensen" box="[519,688,1914,1938]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref192287" refString="Mortensen, T. (1907) Echinoidea (Part 2). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition 1895 - 1896. 4 (2). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1907">Mortensen, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FD77F8B4727F17A5" author="Mironov &amp; Sagaidachny" box="[723,1133,1913,1938]" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="179 - 204" refId="ref191932" refString="Mironov, A. N. &amp; Sagaidachny, A. Y. (1984) [Morphology and distribution of the recent echinoids of the genus Echinocyamus (Echinoidea: Fibulariidae)]. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii AN, USSR, 119, 179 - 204. [in Russian, English summary]" type="journal article" year="1984">Mironov &amp; Sagaidachny 1984: 186187</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 2.2;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FB68F8B476FD1786" author="Mironov" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="96 - 133" refId="ref191675" refString="Mironov, A. N. (2006) Echinoids from seamounts of the north-eastern Atlantic, onshore / offshore gradients in species distribution. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. &amp; Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Scientific Press, Russian Academy of Sciences, P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, pp. 96 - 133." type="book chapter" year="2006">Mironov 2006: 113 114</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FF5EF85577D01786" author="Mironov, A. N." box="[250,450,1944,1969]" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Zoology" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="120 - 129" part="11" refId="ref191803" refString="Mironov, A. N. (2014) Deep-sea fauna of European seas: An annotated species check-list of benthic invertebrates living deeper than 2000 m in the seas bordering Europe. Echinoidea. Invertebrate Zoology, 11 (1), 120 - 129. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / invertzool. 11.1.12" title="Deep-sea fauna of European seas: An annotated species check-list of benthic invertebrates living deeper than 2000 m in the seas bordering Europe. Echinoidea" type="journal article" year="2014">Mironov 2014: 124</bibRefCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D5FF56FF33F87776DB17E2" bold="true" box="[151,201,1978,2005]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">See:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FF74F871778117E2" author="Mortensen" box="[208,403,1979,2006]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref192287" refString="Mortensen, T. (1907) Echinoidea (Part 2). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition 1895 - 1896. 4 (2). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1907">Mortensen (1907</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FE3BF876742C17E2" author="Mortensen" box="[415,574,1979,2005]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="21 - 34" refId="ref192604" refString="Mortensen, T. (1927 b) Sur les echinides recueillis par l'expedition du &quot; Travailleur &quot; et du &quot; Talisman. &quot; Archives du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 2 (6), 21 - 34." type="journal article" year="1927" yearSuffix="b">1927b: 3031</bibRefCitation>
);
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FDF6F87675A917E2" author="Mironov &amp; Sagaidachny" box="[594,955,1979,2005]" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="179 - 204" refId="ref191932" refString="Mironov, A. N. &amp; Sagaidachny, A. Y. (1984) [Morphology and distribution of the recent echinoids of the genus Echinocyamus (Echinoidea: Fibulariidae)]. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii AN, USSR, 119, 179 - 204. [in Russian, English summary]" type="journal article" year="1984">Mironov &amp; Sagaidachny (1984)</bibRefCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D5FF56FF63F813774E17CE" bold="true" box="[199,348,2014,2041]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Occurrence:</emphasis>
North Atlantic, in the west from the Blake Plateau to
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404D5FF56FC7CF812720117CE" box="[984,1043,2015,2041]" name="Cuba" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D5FF56FB80F81272DC17CE" author="Mironov, A. N." box="[1060,1230,2015,2041]" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Zoology" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="120 - 129" part="11" refId="ref191803" refString="Mironov, A. N. (2014) Deep-sea fauna of European seas: An annotated species check-list of benthic invertebrates living deeper than 2000 m in the seas bordering Europe. Echinoidea. Invertebrate Zoology, 11 (1), 120 - 129. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / invertzool. 11.1.12" title="Deep-sea fauna of European seas: An annotated species check-list of benthic invertebrates living deeper than 2000 m in the seas bordering Europe. Echinoidea" type="journal article" year="2014">Mironov 2014</bibRefCitation>
), in the east from
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404D6FF55FF33FF5576E41085" box="[151,246,152,178]" name="Portugal" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Portugal</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404D6FF55FEBDFF54778B1085" box="[281,409,152,179]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FE03FF5474701084" author="Mortensen" box="[423,610,153,179]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref192287" refString="Mortensen, T. (1907) Echinoidea (Part 2). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition 1895 - 1896. 4 (2). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1907">Mortensen 1907</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FDC8FF5574A11084" author="Mortensen" box="[620,691,152,179]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="21 - 34" refId="ref192604" refString="Mortensen, T. (1927 b) Sur les echinides recueillis par l'expedition du &quot; Travailleur &quot; et du &quot; Talisman. &quot; Archives du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 2 (6), 21 - 34." type="journal article" year="1927" yearSuffix="b">1927b</bibRefCitation>
) including the archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FA86FF5476C210E0" author="Mortensen" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref192287" refString="Mortensen, T. (1907) Echinoidea (Part 2). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition 1895 - 1896. 4 (2). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1907">Mortensen 1907</bibRefCitation>
) and the Josephine, Tropic and Meteor seamounts (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FCB0FF7175AE10E0" author="Mironov" box="[788,956,188,215]" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="96 - 133" refId="ref191675" refString="Mironov, A. N. (2006) Echinoids from seamounts of the north-eastern Atlantic, onshore / offshore gradients in species distribution. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. &amp; Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Scientific Press, Russian Academy of Sciences, P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, pp. 96 - 133." type="book chapter" year="2006">Mironov 2006</bibRefCitation>
). The subspecies
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704D6FF55FB24FF70771510CC" authority="scaber de Meijere, 1903" authorityName="de Meijere" authorityYear="1903" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinocyamidae" genus="Echinocyamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clypeasteroida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="scaber" subSpecies="scaber">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D6FF55FB24FF70732F10E1" box="[1152,1341,188,214]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">E. scaber scaber</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FAE0FF71771510CC" author="Meijere, J. C. H. de" firstAuthor="de Meijere" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref190326" refString="Meijere, J. C. H. de (1903) Vorlaufige Beschreibung der neuen, durch die Siboga-Expedition gesammelten Echiniden. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging, Series 2, 8 (1), 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1903">de Meijere, 1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is reported from the Indo-Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FD28FF2D75F710CC" author="Mironov &amp; Sagaidachny" box="[652,997,224,251]" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="179 - 204" refId="ref191932" refString="Mironov, A. N. &amp; Sagaidachny, A. Y. (1984) [Morphology and distribution of the recent echinoids of the genus Echinocyamus (Echinoidea: Fibulariidae)]. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii AN, USSR, 119, 179 - 204. [in Russian, English summary]" type="journal article" year="1984">Mironov &amp; Sagaidachny 1984</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E630404D6FF55FF63FEC875441174" blockId="134.[151,1437,152,611]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D6FF55FF63FEC877081128" bold="true" box="[199,282,261,287]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Depth:</emphasis>
<quantity id="0E19CEE104D6FF55FE87FEC877C31128" box="[291,465,261,287]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.915" metricValueMax="2.82" metricValueMin="1.01" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" unit="m" value="1.915" valueMax="2.82" valueMin="1.01">
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304D6FF55FE87FEC877731128" box="[291,353,261,287]" degrees="1,010" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" precision="55" value="1.01">1,010</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304D6FF55FEC5FEC877BD1128" box="[353,431,261,287]" degrees="2,820" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" precision="55" value="-2.82">2,820</geoCoordinate>
m
</quantity>
, though bare tests have been reported as deep as
<quantity id="0E19CEE104D6FF55FBB5FEC8727D1128" box="[1041,1135,261,287]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.14" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" unit="m" value="3.14">3,140 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FB24FEC976C11174" author="Mironov &amp; Sagaidachny" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="179 - 204" refId="ref191932" refString="Mironov, A. N. &amp; Sagaidachny, A. Y. (1984) [Morphology and distribution of the recent echinoids of the genus Echinocyamus (Echinoidea: Fibulariidae)]. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii AN, USSR, 119, 179 - 204. [in Russian, English summary]" type="journal article" year="1984">Mironov &amp; Sagaidachny 1984</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC104D6FF55FF42FEE477361174" box="[230,292,297,323]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">AZO</collectionCode>
:
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<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304D6FF55FE8AFEE5777E1174" box="[302,364,296,323]" degrees="1,560" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" precision="55" value="1.56">1,560</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304D6FF55FEC8FEE577A81174" box="[364,442,296,323]" degrees="2,178" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" precision="55" value="-2.178">2,178</geoCoordinate>
m
</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FE41FEE474B31174" author="Mortensen" box="[485,673,297,323]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref192287" refString="Mortensen, T. (1907) Echinoidea (Part 2). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition 1895 - 1896. 4 (2). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1907">Mortensen 1907</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FD08FEE5755B1174" author="Koehler" box="[684,841,296,323]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E630404D6FF55FF63FE8174641150" blockId="134.[151,1437,152,611]" box="[199,630,332,359]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D6FF55FF63FE81773E1150" bold="true" box="[199,300,332,359]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Habitat:</emphasis>
mud to sand (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FE6FFE8174781150" author="Koehler" box="[459,618,332,359]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E630404D6FF55FF63FEBC77CF1255" blockId="134.[151,1437,152,611]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D6FF55FF63FEBC772F11BC" bold="true" box="[199,317,369,395]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Remarks:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FEE0FEBC741C11BC" author="Mortensen" box="[324,526,369,395]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref192287" refString="Mortensen, T. (1907) Echinoidea (Part 2). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition 1895 - 1896. 4 (2). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1907">Mortensen (1907)</bibRefCitation>
described two species of
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704D6FF55FC8AFEBD75C311BD" authorityName=", Mortensen" authorityYear="1907" box="[814,977,368,394]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinocyamidae" genus="Echinocyamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clypeasteroida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D6FF55FC8AFEBD75C311BD" box="[814,977,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Echinocyamus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704D6FF55FC44FEBC728111BD" authorityName="$ Mortensen" authorityYear="1907" box="[992,1171,369,394]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinocyamidae" genus="Echinocyamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clypeasteroida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="macrostomus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D6FF55FC44FEBC728111BD" box="[992,1171,369,394]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">E. macrostomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704D6FF55FB6DFEBC736111BD" authorityName="$ Mortensen" authorityYear="1907" box="[1225,1395,368,394]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinocyamidae" genus="Echinocyamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clypeasteroida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grandiporus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D6FF55FB6DFEBC736111BD" box="[1225,1395,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">E. grandiporus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
using material, which included animals collected in Azorean deep waters.
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FC66FE58729E1198" author="Mortensen" box="[962,1164,405,431]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref192287" refString="Mortensen, T. (1907) Echinoidea (Part 2). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition 1895 - 1896. 4 (2). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1907">Mortensen (1907)</bibRefCitation>
considered his two new deep-water species closely related though
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704D6FF55FDD7FE74753511E5" authorityName="$ Mortensen" authorityYear="1907" box="[627,807,441,466]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinocyamidae" genus="Echinocyamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clypeasteroida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="macrostomus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D6FF55FDD7FE74753511E5" box="[627,807,441,466]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">E. macrostomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tended to live in deeper waters. In contrast,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FAB9FE75776A11C0" author="Mironov &amp; Sagaidachny" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="179 - 204" refId="ref191932" refString="Mironov, A. N. &amp; Sagaidachny, A. Y. (1984) [Morphology and distribution of the recent echinoids of the genus Echinocyamus (Echinoidea: Fibulariidae)]. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii AN, USSR, 119, 179 - 204. [in Russian, English summary]" type="journal article" year="1984">Mironov &amp; Sagaidachny (1984)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704D6FF55FE5BFE1074A011C1" authorityName="$ Mortensen" authorityYear="1907" box="[511,690,477,502]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinocyamidae" genus="Echinocyamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clypeasteroida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="macrostomus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D6FF55FE5BFE1074A011C1" box="[511,690,477,502]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">E. macrostomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
closely related with
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704D6FF55FC3FFE10721711C1" authorityName="de Meijere" authorityYear="1903" box="[923,1029,476,502]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinocyamidae" genus="Echinocyamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clypeasteroida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="scaber">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D6FF55FC3FFE10721711C1" box="[923,1029,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">E. scaber</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and downgraded Mortensen species to a variety of the later. Additionally,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504D6FF55FD99FDCD74E3122C" author="Mironov" box="[573,753,512,539]" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="96 - 133" refId="ref191675" refString="Mironov, A. N. (2006) Echinoids from seamounts of the north-eastern Atlantic, onshore / offshore gradients in species distribution. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. &amp; Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Scientific Press, Russian Academy of Sciences, P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, pp. 96 - 133." type="book chapter" year="2006">Mironov (2006)</bibRefCitation>
observed that some of the specimens from Meteor and Antialtair seamounts presented intermediate characteristics between this subspecies and
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704D6FF55FB9AFDE872F41209" authorityName="$ Mortensen" authorityYear="1907" box="[1086,1254,548,574]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinocyamidae" genus="Echinocyamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clypeasteroida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grandiporus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604D6FF55FB9AFDE872F41209" box="[1086,1254,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">E. grandiporus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, suggesting that they could represent hybrids.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>