543 lines
70 KiB
XML
543 lines
70 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="98FA98EF9A11EC2F1A7B4A37A6340632">The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4AF3A7F4DD3802029C63E7D96CCFC4DC">Cordeiro, Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="449E880A8FF9478028E7DB8777BD7EC4">De, António M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="869C4C05FC846C55D2EE4303F88C754A">Ávila, Sérgio P.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="4148D21204C7FF4AFF33FC1973281424" ID-GBIF-Taxon="158725455" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4148D21204C7FF4AFF33FC1973281424" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4148D21204C7FF4AFF33FC1973281424" lastPageId="153" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
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<subSubSection id="81FB308F04C7FF44FF33FC1975A513D8" box="[151,951,980,1007]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF33FC1975A513D8" blockId="151.[151,951,980,1043]" box="[151,951,980,1007]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
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<heading id="9216D46804C7FF44FF33FC1975A513D8" bold="true" box="[151,951,980,1007]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C7FF44FF33FC1975A513D8" authority="lentiginosa Marenzeller, 1892" authorityName="lentiginosa Marenzeller" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,951,980,1007]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="lentiginosa" subGenus="Vaneyothuria" subSpecies="lentiginosa">
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF33FC1975A513D8" bold="true" box="[151,951,980,1007]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF33FC19770A13D8" bold="true" box="[151,280,980,1007]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Holothuria</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FE8DFC1977D713D8" bold="true" box="[297,453,980,1007]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Vaneyothuria</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FE71FC1974C913D8" bold="true" box="[469,731,980,1007]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">lentiginosa lentiginosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FD46FC1875A513D8" author="Marenzeller" box="[738,951,981,1007]" firstAuthor="Marenzeller" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="64 - 66" refId="ref189523" refString="Marenzeller, E. von (1892) Note preliminaire sur les Holothuries provenant des campagnes du yacht l'Hirondelle. Bulletin Societe Zoologique France, 17, 64 - 66." type="journal article" year="1892">Marenzeller, 1892</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81FB308F04C7FF44FF33FC3477811462" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF33FC3476EB1424" blockId="151.[151,951,980,1043]" box="[151,249,1017,1043]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
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(
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<figureCitation id="51DA7F8104C7FF44FF04FC3476E31424" box="[160,241,1017,1043]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="152.[151,250,1721,1746]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,849,1701]" captionTargetId="figure@152.[151,1436,849,1701]" captionTargetPageId="152" captionText="FIGURE 37. Holothuria (Vaneyothuria) lentiginosa lentiginosa Marenzeller, 1892 (DBUA-ECH 388: A–E). Dorsal view (A, C); ventral view (B, D); specimen, when alive (C, D); ossicles (E); holothurians most likely belonging to H. lentiginosa in situ in Azores (EMEPC–LUSO, 37°43'15"N, 25°48'24"W, 2009.10.08, 316 m: F) and Gorringe Bank (EMEPC–LUSO, 36°42'46"N, 11°10'02"W, 2009.09.13, 145 m: G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342235/files/figure.png" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF33FBF077811462" blockId="151.[151,1437,1084,1232]" box="[151,403,1084,1109]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
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<heading id="9216D46804C7FF44FF33FBF077811462" bold="true" box="[151,403,1084,1109]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF33FBF077811462" bold="true" box="[151,403,1084,1109]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
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||
Reports for the
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<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE604C7FF44FEE4FBF1779C1462" box="[320,398,1084,1109]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Azores</collectingRegion>
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:
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81FB308F04C7FF44FF33FB91724D14E7" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF33FB91738F1443" blockId="151.[151,1437,1084,1232]" box="[151,1437,1114,1140]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
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||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C7FF44FF33FB9174F71443" authority="$ Marenzeller, 1892: 66" authorityName="$ Marenzeller" authorityPageNumber="66" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,741,1114,1140]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lentiginosa">
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||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF33FB9177921443" box="[151,384,1116,1140]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Holothuria lentiginosa</emphasis>
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||
<superScript id="3E94CE4C04C7FF44FE22FB97779F145F" attach="right" box="[390,397,1114,1128]" fontSize="6" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">$</superScript>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FE2AFB9674631443" author="Marenzeller" box="[398,625,1115,1140]" firstAuthor="Marenzeller" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="64 - 66" refId="ref189523" refString="Marenzeller, E. von (1892) Note preliminaire sur les Holothuries provenant des campagnes du yacht l'Hirondelle. Bulletin Societe Zoologique France, 17, 64 - 66." type="journal article" year="1892">Marenzeller, 1892: 66</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FDD8FB9174F71443" author="Marenzeller" box="[636,741,1115,1140]" firstAuthor="Marenzeller" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref189554" refString="Marenzeller, E. von (1893) Contribution a l'etude des Holothuries de l'Atlantique N'ord (Golfe de Gascogne, Iles Acores). Resultats Campagnes Scientifiques du Prince de Monaco, 6, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11304" type="journal article" year="1893">1893: 6–7</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 1, fig. 1, pl. 2, fig. 1;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FC49FB9672C01443" author="Deichmann" box="[1005,1234,1115,1140]" firstAuthor="Deichmann" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="381 - 410" refId="ref178186" refString="Deichmann, E. (1954) The Holothurians of the Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of the U. S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, 89, 381 - 410." type="journal article" year="1954">Deichmann 1954: 391</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FB79FB96738F1443" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[1245,1437,1115,1140]" firstAuthor="Cherbonnier" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="371 - 378" refId="ref175762" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1958) Holothuries des cotes de Sierra Leone (5 e et dern. note). Bulletin Museum National Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Serie 2, 30, 371 - 378." type="journal article" year="1958">Cherbonnier 1958:</bibRefCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF63FBB6738E14A5" blockId="151.[151,1437,1084,1232]" box="[199,1436,1146,1171]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
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||
371,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FF5FFBB7776C14A4" author="Cherbonnier" box="[251,382,1146,1171]" firstAuthor="Cherbonnier" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref175847" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1965) Holothurides. Expedition oceanographique belge dans les eaux cotieres africaines de l'Atlantique Sud (1948 - 1949): resultats scientifiques, Brussels, 3 (2), 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1965">1965: 13–14</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FE2DFBB6742614A4" author="Rowe" box="[393,564,1146,1171]" firstAuthor="Rowe" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="119 - 170" refId="ref199190" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. (1969) A review of the family Holothuriidae (Holothurioidea: Aspidochirotida). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Zoology, 18 (4), 119 - 170. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 18419" type="journal article" year="1969">Rowe 1969: 151</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 152;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FDD0FBB7753F14A4" author="Pereira" box="[628,813,1146,1171]" firstAuthor="Pereira" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="331 - 337" refId="ref195814" refString="Pereira, M. (1997) Checklist of the littoral echinoderms of the Azores. Acoreana, 8 (3), 331 - 337." type="journal article" year="1997">Pereira 1997: 333</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FC9CFBB7729414A4" author="Perez-Ruzafa" box="[824,1158,1146,1171]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perez-Ruzafa" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="43 - 62" refId="ref196107" refString="Perez-Ruzafa, A., Entrambasaguas, L. & Bacallado, J. J. (1999) Fauna de equinodermos (Echinodermata) de los fondos rocosos infralitorales del archipielago de Cabo Verde. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 11 (3 - 4), 43 - 62." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Pérez-Ruzafa
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FC6CFBB675E714A5" box="[968,1013,1146,1170]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999: 56–57
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 1C;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FB42FBB7738E14A5" author="Garcia-Diez, C. & Porteiro, F. M. & Meirinho, A. & Cardigos, F. & Tempera, F." box="[1254,1436,1146,1171]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Garcia-Diez" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="35 - 59" refId="ref181624" refString="Garcia-Diez, C., Porteiro, F. M., Meirinho, A., Cardigos, F. & Tempera, F. (2005) Taxonomic review of selected invertebrate groups collected during the Campaigns of the Prince Albert I of Monaco in the Azorean waters. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences, 22 A, 35 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
García-Diez
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FACDFBB6738414A5" box="[1385,1430,1146,1170]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">et al</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF63FB55724D14E7" blockId="151.[151,1437,1084,1232]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
|
||
2005: 51;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C7FF44FF33FB7575BE14E7" authority="lentiginosa Marenzeller-Miller & Pawson 1979: 914" authorityName="Marenzeller-Miller & Pawson" authorityPageNumber="914" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,940,1207,1232]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="lentiginosa" subSpecies="lentiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF33FB7577E414E7" box="[151,502,1208,1232]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Holothuria lentiginosa lentiginosa</emphasis>
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||
Marenzeller—Miller & Pawson 1979: 914
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–915, figs. 4C–D.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81FB308F04C7FF44FF33FB3377E61557" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF33FB337252152F" blockId="151.[151,1437,1277,2025]" box="[151,1088,1277,1304]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
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<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF33FB337729152F" bold="true" box="[151,315,1277,1304]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
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<typeStatus id="165ADDA604C7FF44FF33FB3376C6152F" box="[151,212,1278,1304]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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</emphasis>
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between Faial and Pico islands,
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<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE604C7FF44FD0EFB3374EB152F" box="[682,761,1278,1304]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Azores</collectingRegion>
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(
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|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304C7FF44FC04FB337221152F" box="[928,1075,1278,1304]" degrees="28" direction="west" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-28.57528">28°34’31”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF63FAEC77E61557" blockId="151.[151,1437,1277,2025]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF63FAEC76EB150B" bold="true" box="[199,249,1313,1340]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">See:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FEA5FAEF77CC150B" author="Marenzeller" box="[257,478,1314,1340]" firstAuthor="Marenzeller" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref189554" refString="Marenzeller, E. von (1893) Contribution a l'etude des Holothuries de l'Atlantique N'ord (Golfe de Gascogne, Iles Acores). Resultats Campagnes Scientifiques du Prince de Monaco, 6, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11304" type="journal article" year="1893">Marenzeller (1893)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FE4FFAEF7588150B" author="Tommasi & de Oliveira" box="[491,922,1314,1340]" firstAuthor="Tommasi" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="77 - 100" refId="ref202585" refString="Tommasi, L. R. & Oliveira, E. de (1976) Equinodermes do Brasil. V. Sobre algumas especies coletadas durante viagens do N / Oc. " Prof. W. Besnard ". Boletim Instituto Oceanografica, Sao Paulo, 25 (1), 77 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0373 - 55241976000100005" type="journal article" year="1976">Tommasi & de Oliveira (1976: 81–84</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 6);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FC58FAEF7307150B" author="Miller & Pawson" box="[1020,1301,1314,1341]" firstAuthor="Miller" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="912 - 922" refId="ref191265" refString="Miller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. (1979) A new subspecies of Holothuria lentiginosa Marenzeller from the western Atlantic Ocean (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91 (4), 912 - 922." type="journal article" year="1979">Miller & Pawson (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FA85FAEF778C1557" author="Thandar & Mjobo" firstAuthor="Thandar" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="243 - 254" refId="ref201894" refString="Thandar, A. S. & Mjobo, S. (2014) On some sea cucumbers from Ghana (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) with descriptions of a new genus and one new species. Zootaxa, 3900 (2), 243 - 254. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3900.2.4" type="journal article" year="2014">Thandar & Mjobo (2014: 246–247</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="81FB308F04C7FF44FF63FAA4759716FE" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF63FAA477CD166B" blockId="151.[151,1437,1277,2025]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF63FAA4774E15B3" bold="true" box="[199,348,1385,1412]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Occurrence:</emphasis>
|
||
Northeast Atlantic, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404C7FF44FDD7FAA674CA15B2" box="[627,728,1387,1413]" name="Morocco" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404C7FF44FD52FAA7755A15B3" box="[758,840,1386,1412]" name="Angola" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
waters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FC06FAA7725F15B3" author="Herouard" box="[930,1101,1386,1412]" firstAuthor="Herouard" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="36 - 70" refId="ref184304" refString="Herouard, E. (1929) Holothuries de la cote Atlantique du Maroc et de Mauritaine. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc, 9, 36 - 70, 5 figs., 1 pl." type="book chapter" year="1929">Hérouard 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FBF1FAA7733315B3" author="Cherbonnier" box="[1109,1313,1385,1412]" firstAuthor="Cherbonnier" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref175847" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1965) Holothurides. Expedition oceanographique belge dans les eaux cotieres africaines de l'Atlantique Sud (1948 - 1949): resultats scientifiques, Brussels, 3 (2), 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1965">Cherbonnier 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), including the archipelagos of the Azores (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FE5CFA4374D1159F" author="Marenzeller" box="[504,707,1422,1448]" firstAuthor="Marenzeller" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="64 - 66" refId="ref189523" refString="Marenzeller, E. von (1892) Note preliminaire sur les Holothuries provenant des campagnes du yacht l'Hirondelle. Bulletin Societe Zoologique France, 17, 64 - 66." type="journal article" year="1892">Marenzeller 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Canaries (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FCE2FA4375DE159E" author="Rowe" box="[838,972,1422,1449]" firstAuthor="Rowe" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="119 - 170" refId="ref199190" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. (1969) A review of the family Holothuriidae (Holothurioidea: Aspidochirotida). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Zoology, 18 (4), 119 - 170. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 18419" type="journal article" year="1969">Rowe 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),?
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404C7FF44FC4DFA43727D159F" box="[1001,1135,1422,1448]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FBDAFA437386159F" author="Perez-Ruzafa" box="[1150,1428,1422,1449]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perez-Ruzafa" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="43 - 62" refId="ref196107" refString="Perez-Ruzafa, A., Entrambasaguas, L. & Bacallado, J. J. (1999) Fauna de equinodermos (Echinodermata) de los fondos rocosos infralitorales del archipielago de Cabo Verde. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 11 (3 - 4), 43 - 62." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Pérez-Ruzafa
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FAB9FA42735C159F" box="[1309,1358,1422,1448]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and?Gorringe seamount; reported elsewhere in the Alboran Sea (Mediterranean Sea;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FBCEFA7F738215FB" author="Borrero-Perez" box="[1130,1424,1458,1485]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Borrero-Perez" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="899 - 906" refId="ref174694" refString="Borrero-Perez G. H., Gomez-Zurita, J., Gonzalez-Wang ʾ emert, M., Marcos, C. & Perez-Ruzafa, A. (2010) Molecular systematics of the genus Holothuria in the Mediterranean and Northeastern Atlantic and a molecular clock for the diversification of the Holothuriidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 57, 899 - 906. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2010.08.019" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Borrero-Pérez
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FAB5FA7E735615FB" box="[1297,1348,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); the subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C7FF44FEE4FA1A752C15C7" authority="Miller & Pawson, 1979" authorityName="Miller & Pawson" authorityYear="1979" box="[320,830,1494,1521]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="lentiginosa" subSpecies="enodis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FEE4FA1A774615C7" box="[320,340,1495,1520]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FEC6FA1B743D15C7" box="[354,559,1494,1520]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">lentiginosa enodis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FD92FA1B752C15C7" author="Miller & Pawson" box="[566,830,1494,1521]" firstAuthor="Miller" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="912 - 922" refId="ref191265" refString="Miller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. (1979) A new subspecies of Holothuria lentiginosa Marenzeller from the western Atlantic Ocean (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91 (4), 912 - 922." type="journal article" year="1979">Miller & Pawson, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was reported from the Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404C7FF44FB39FA1B72E115C7" box="[1181,1267,1494,1520]" name="Mexico" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Caribbean in the West Atlantic and to?
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404C7FF44FE77FA3774481623" box="[467,602,1530,1556]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
archipelago (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FD55FA37721A1623" author="Perez-Ruzafa" box="[753,1032,1530,1557]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perez-Ruzafa" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="43 - 62" refId="ref196107" refString="Perez-Ruzafa, A., Entrambasaguas, L. & Bacallado, J. J. (1999) Fauna de equinodermos (Echinodermata) de los fondos rocosos infralitorales del archipielago de Cabo Verde. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 11 (3 - 4), 43 - 62." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Pérez-Ruzafa
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FC35FA3675D31623" box="[913,961,1530,1556]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in the East Atlantic; the subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C7FF44FF33F9D2750F160F" authority="Tommasi & de Oliveira, 1976" authorityName="Tommasi & de Oliveira" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,797,1566,1593]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="lentiginosa" subSpecies="brasiliensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF33F9D276B9160F" box="[151,171,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF1EF9D377D2160F" box="[186,448,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">lentiginosa brasiliensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FE6CF9D3750F160F" author="Tommasi & de Oliveira" box="[456,797,1566,1592]" firstAuthor="Tommasi" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="77 - 100" refId="ref202585" refString="Tommasi, L. R. & Oliveira, E. de (1976) Equinodermes do Brasil. V. Sobre algumas especies coletadas durante viagens do N / Oc. " Prof. W. Besnard ". Boletim Instituto Oceanografica, Sao Paulo, 25 (1), 77 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0373 - 55241976000100005" type="journal article" year="1976">Tommasi & de Oliveira, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reportedly restricted to the waters between S„o Paulo and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE604C7FF44FF63F98F777E166B" box="[199,364,1602,1628]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
, in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404C7FF44FE37F98F77C9166B" box="[403,475,1602,1628]" name="Brazil" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF63F9AB759716FE" blockId="151.[151,1437,1277,2025]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF63F9AB770816B7" bold="true" box="[199,282,1638,1664]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Depth:</emphasis>
|
||
(?12)100–275 (?316) m (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FDEDF9AB750F16B7" author="Cherbonnier" box="[585,797,1637,1664]" firstAuthor="Cherbonnier" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref175847" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1965) Holothurides. Expedition oceanographique belge dans les eaux cotieres africaines de l'Atlantique Sud (1948 - 1949): resultats scientifiques, Brussels, 3 (2), 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1965">Cherbonnier 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FC88F9AB724216B7" author="Perez-Ruzafa" box="[812,1104,1638,1665]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perez-Ruzafa" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="43 - 62" refId="ref196107" refString="Perez-Ruzafa, A., Entrambasaguas, L. & Bacallado, J. J. (1999) Fauna de equinodermos (Echinodermata) de los fondos rocosos infralitorales del archipielago de Cabo Verde. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 11 (3 - 4), 43 - 62." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Pérez-Ruzafa
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FC6AF9AA721116B7" box="[974,1027,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, herein), though the tropical subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C7FF44FEB1F94674101693" authorityName="Miller & Pawson" authorityYear="1979" box="[277,514,1674,1701]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="lentiginosa" subSpecies="enodis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FEB1F946773B1693" box="[277,297,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FE92F94774101693" box="[310,514,1674,1700]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">lentiginosa enodis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was reported from depths as shallow as
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C7FF44FC65F94775F91692" box="[961,1003,1674,1701]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FC5CF947731F1693" author="Perez-Ruzafa" box="[1016,1293,1674,1701]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perez-Ruzafa" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="43 - 62" refId="ref196107" refString="Perez-Ruzafa, A., Entrambasaguas, L. & Bacallado, J. J. (1999) Fauna de equinodermos (Echinodermata) de los fondos rocosos infralitorales del archipielago de Cabo Verde. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 11 (3 - 4), 43 - 62." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Pérez-Ruzafa
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FB33F94672D51693" box="[1175,1223,1674,1700]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and as deep as
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C7FF44FF12F96076EF16FE" box="[182,253,1709,1737]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="450.0">450 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FEAFF963740316FF" author="Miller & Pawson" box="[267,529,1710,1737]" firstAuthor="Miller" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="912 - 922" refId="ref191265" refString="Miller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. (1979) A new subspecies of Holothuria lentiginosa Marenzeller from the western Atlantic Ocean (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91 (4), 912 - 922." type="journal article" year="1979">Miller & Pawson 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); AZO: (?130)208–275(?316) m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="81FB308F04C7FF44FF63F91C72ED1727" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF63F91C75A916DA" blockId="151.[151,1437,1277,2025]" box="[199,955,1745,1773]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF63F91C773E16DB" bold="true" box="[199,300,1745,1772]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Habitat:</emphasis>
|
||
sand, coralligenous, detritic to rock (Ruzafa
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FC81F91E754416DB" box="[805,854,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1992b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF63F93B72ED1727" blockId="151.[151,1437,1277,2025]" box="[199,1279,1782,1809]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF63F93B77771727" bold="true" box="[199,357,1782,1808]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Larval stage:</emphasis>
|
||
probably planktotrophic (inferred from the genus, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C7FF44FC6FF93B72E01727" author="McEdward & Miner" box="[971,1266,1782,1808]" firstAuthor="McEdward" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="1125 - 1170" refId="ref190078" refString="McEdward, L. R. & Miner, B. G. (2001) Larval and life-cycle patterns in echinoderms. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 79, 1125 - 1170. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 00 - 218" type="journal article" year="2001">McEdward & Miner 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="81FB308F04C7FF44FF63F8D472C21796" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF44FF63F8D472C21796" blockId="151.[151,1437,1277,2025]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF63F8D477A21703" bold="true" box="[199,432,1817,1844]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC104C7FF44FE10F8D774571703" box="[436,581,1818,1844]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">DBUA-ECH</collectionCode>
|
||
388 (off
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE604C7FF44FD00F8D774CC1703" box="[676,734,1818,1844]" country="Cape Verde" name="Praia" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Praia</collectingRegion>
|
||
da Amora, Ponta Garça,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC104C7FF44FC4DF8D7723A1703" box="[1001,1064,1818,1844]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">SMG</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC104C7FF44FB94F8D7727E1703" box="[1072,1132,1818,1844]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304C7FF44FBD0F8D773121703" box="[1140,1280,1818,1844]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" precision="15" seconds="30" value="37.708336">37°42’30”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304C7FF44FAACF8D4738A1703" box="[1288,1432,1817,1844]" degrees="25" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" precision="15" seconds="49" value="-25.346945">25°20’49”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="BD5F45C404C7FF44FF33F8F3770A176F" box="[151,280,1854,1880]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" value="2009-09-24">
|
||
2009.09.
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C7FF44FF5EF8F3770A176F" box="[250,280,1854,1880]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4208" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="24.208">24</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 208 m; 1 spm, TL =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C7FF44FD81F8F07498176E" box="[549,650,1853,1881]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="125.0">125 mm</quantity>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC104C7FF44FD06F8F37521176F" box="[674,819,1854,1880]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">DBUA-ECH</collectionCode>
|
||
389 (off
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE604C7FF44FC03F8F375F3176F" box="[935,993,1854,1880]" country="Cape Verde" name="Praia" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Praia</collectingRegion>
|
||
da Amora, Ponta Garça,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC104C7FF44FAABF8F3735C176F" box="[1295,1358,1854,1880]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">SMG</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC104C7FF44FAF8F8F3738A176F" box="[1372,1432,1854,1880]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304C7FF44FF33F8AF7731174B" box="[151,291,1890,1916]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" precision="15" seconds="30" value="37.708336">37°42’30”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304C7FF44FE8BF8AC77AD174B" box="[303,447,1889,1916]" degrees="25" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" precision="15" seconds="49" value="-25.346945">25°20’49”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="BD5F45C404C7FF44FE6FF8AF7459174B" box="[459,587,1890,1916]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" value="2009-09-24">
|
||
2009.09.
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C7FF44FD89F8AF7459174B" box="[557,587,1890,1916]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4208" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="24.208">24</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 208 m; 3 spm, TL =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C7FF44FCE7F8AC75CF174A" box="[835,989,1889,1917]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="135.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="120.0">120–150 mm</quantity>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC104C7FF44FC55F8AF7290174B" box="[1009,1154,1890,1916]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">DBUA-ECH</collectionCode>
|
||
391(off
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE604C7FF44FB41F8AF730D174B" box="[1253,1311,1890,1916]" country="Cape Verde" name="Praia" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Praia</collectingRegion>
|
||
da Amora, Ponta Garça,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC104C7FF44FE8BF84B777C1797" box="[303,366,1926,1952]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">SMG</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC104C7FF44FEDCF84B77A61797" box="[376,436,1926,1952]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304C7FF44FE1BF84B74591797" box="[447,587,1926,1952]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" precision="15" seconds="31" value="37.70861">37°42’31”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304C7FF44FDF3F84874F41797" box="[599,742,1925,1952]" degrees="25" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" precision="15" seconds="14" value="-25.337223">25°20’14”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="BD5F45C404C7FF44FD55F84875621797" box="[753,880,1925,1952]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" value="2011-07-15">
|
||
2011.07.
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C7FF44FCF1F84875621797" box="[853,880,1925,1952]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5275" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="15.275">15</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 275 m; 1 spm, TL =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C7FF44FBC6F84B72D11796" box="[1122,1219,1926,1953]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="140.0">140 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="81FB308F04C7FF4BFF63F864775E11C0" lastPageId="152" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C7FF4BFF63F864775E11C0" blockId="151.[151,1437,1277,2025]" lastBlockId="152.[151,1437,153,828]" lastPageId="152" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C7FF44FF63F864774917F3" bold="true" box="[199,347,1961,1988]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
body almost cylindrical, flattened ventrally. Body wall soft and relatively thick. Mouth subventral with 20 peltate tentacles (cauliflower-like); anal opening dorsal. On each side of the body one dorsal and one lateral longitudinal row of seven to ten well-developed large conical papillae. Lateral papillae slightly larger than the dorsal papillae. Ventral surface with numerous tube feet in three longitudinal rows, the central one divided at the mid-line. Table discs not smooth (with small external projections); table with tetrabasal spires of moderate width and height, crowned by numerous teeth. Buttons smooth, frequently contorted and with obliterated or incomplete perforations; buttons frequently with small knobs. Colour: lateral surface of the body cream white with numerous small dark brown spots (tube feet); towards the dorsal mid-line dorsal surface becomes gradually light brown (DBUA 388) or brown (DBUA 391); brown somewhat irregular and inconspicuous spots at the base of the dorsal papillae (with cream coloured tips); lateral papillae cream coloured as the body; ventrally, outer longitudinal row white with dark brown spots around the tube feet, inner row light brown with dark brown spots also around the tube feet; tentacles cream coloured.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="81FB308F04C8FF4AFF63FDCC73281424" lastPageId="153" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C8FF4BFF63FDCC736F130C" blockId="152.[151,1437,153,828]" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFF63FDCC772F122C" bold="true" box="[199,317,513,539]" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C8FF4BFEE1FDCC740B122C" author="Marenzeller" box="[325,537,513,539]" firstAuthor="Marenzeller" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" pagination="64 - 66" refId="ref189523" refString="Marenzeller, E. von (1892) Note preliminaire sur les Holothuries provenant des campagnes du yacht l'Hirondelle. Bulletin Societe Zoologique France, 17, 64 - 66." type="journal article" year="1892">Marenzeller (1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C8FF4BFD81FDCC744C122C" author="Marenzeller" box="[549,606,513,539]" firstAuthor="Marenzeller" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref189554" refString="Marenzeller, E. von (1893) Contribution a l'etude des Holothuries de l'Atlantique N'ord (Golfe de Gascogne, Iles Acores). Resultats Campagnes Scientifiques du Prince de Monaco, 6, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11304" type="journal article" year="1893">1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) described a new species of sea cucumbers based on a partially damaged and eviscerated animal (
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C8FF4BFE01FDE874111208" box="[421,515,549,575]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" unit="mm" value="160.0">160 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL) taken in Azorean waters, between Pico and Faial islands, at about
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C8FF4BFABFFDE873731208" box="[1307,1377,549,575]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="130.0">130 m</quantity>
|
||
deep (
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFF05FD8477081254" box="[161,282,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">Hirondelle</emphasis>
|
||
, sta 226). However, the accompanying echinoderms found in the same dredge indicate that the station’s depth likely was much shallower than the reported
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C8FF4BFD51FDA0755212B0" box="[757,832,621,647]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="130.0">130 m</quantity>
|
||
(see remarks under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C8FF4BFB90FDA3731912B0" baseAuthorityName="Brady & Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[1076,1291,621,647]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Pawsonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="saxicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFB90FDA3731912B0" box="[1076,1291,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">Pawsonia saxicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C8FF4BFAEEFDA076F9129C" authorityName="? Heller" authorityYear="1868" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFAEEFDA076F9129C" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">Thyone inermis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Regardless,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C8FF4BFE2AFD5F743F129C" authorityName="$ Marenzeller" authorityYear="1892" box="[398,557,657,683]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lentiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFE2AFD5F77B0129C" box="[398,418,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFE15FD5C743F129C" box="[433,557,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">lentiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not seen in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE604C8FF4BFCBCFD5C7575129C" box="[792,871,657,683]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">Azores</collectingRegion>
|
||
for more than 100 years. The
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFB66FD5C74B112F8" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">Third International Workshop of Malacology and Marine Biology</emphasis>
|
||
offered a rare opportunity to survey the least known waters of the archipelago, by dredging depths between the maximum scuba diving (=
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C8FF4BFC0AFD14720112C4" box="[942,1043,729,755]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="45.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="30.0">30–60 m</quantity>
|
||
) and the typical depths explored by the oceanographic cruises (Ξ
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C8FF4BFE77FD3174441320" box="[467,598,764,791]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="200.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="150.0">150–250 m</quantity>
|
||
). Two of the least known littoral holothurians were captured:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C8FF4BFB5BFD33738E1320" authorityName="$ Marenzeller" authorityYear="1892" box="[1279,1436,765,791]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lentiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFB5BFD33738E1320" box="[1279,1436,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">H. lentiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C8FF4BFF63FCEC747B130C" authority="(Cuvier, 1817)" baseAuthorityName="Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[199,617,801,827]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Parastichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="regalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFF63FCEC77AF130C" box="[199,445,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">Parastichopus regalis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C8FF4BFE68FCEC7473130C" author="Cuvier" box="[460,609,801,827]" firstAuthor="Cuvier" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" refId="ref177903" refString="Cuvier, G. (1817) Le regne animal distribe d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparee. Vol. 2. Deterville, Paris, xviii + 528 pp." type="book" year="1817">Cuvier, 1817</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see remarks under this species) from depths between 208 and
|
||
<specimenCount id="DFE7A88D04C8FF4BFA8BFCED736F130C" box="[1327,1405,800,827]" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C8FF4BFA8BFCED736B130C" box="[1327,1401,800,827]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="275.0">275 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9D9E338C04C8FF4BFF33F97474191709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342235/files/figure.png" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" startId="152.[151,250,1721,1746]" targetBox="[151,1436,849,1701]" targetPageId="152">
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C8FF4BFF33F97474191709" blockId="152.[151,1437,1721,1854]" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFF33F974773316E5" bold="true" box="[151,289,1721,1746]" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">FIGURE 37.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C8FF4BFE8CF97775FA16E5" authority="lentiginosa Marenzeller, 1892" authorityName="lentiginosa Marenzeller" authorityYear="1892" box="[296,1000,1721,1746]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="lentiginosa" subGenus="Vaneyothuria" subSpecies="lentiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFE8CF977778B16E5" box="[296,409,1722,1746]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">Holothuria</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFE0CF977743D16E5" box="[424,559,1722,1746]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">Vaneyothuria</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFD9AF977753516E5" box="[574,807,1722,1746]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">lentiginosa lentiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C8FF4BFC8AF97475FA16E5" author="Marenzeller" box="[814,1000,1721,1746]" firstAuthor="Marenzeller" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" pagination="64 - 66" refId="ref189523" refString="Marenzeller, E. von (1892) Note preliminaire sur les Holothuries provenant des campagnes du yacht l'Hirondelle. Bulletin Societe Zoologique France, 17, 64 - 66." type="journal article" year="1892">Marenzeller, 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(DBUA-ECH 388: A–E). Dorsal view (A, C); ventral view (B, D); specimen, when alive (C, D); ossicles (E); holothurians most likely belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C8FF4BFB63F913734516C1" authorityName="$ Marenzeller" authorityYear="1892" box="[1223,1367,1758,1782]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lentiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFB63F91372CB16C2" box="[1223,1241,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">H</emphasis>
|
||
. lentiginosa
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C8FF4BFAF9F913738F16C2" box="[1373,1437,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
in Azores (EMEPC–LUSO, 37°43'15"N, 25°48'24"W, 2009.10.08, 316 m: F) and Gorringe Bank (EMEPC–LUSO, 36°42'46"N, 11°10'02"W, 2009.09.13, 145 m: G).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C8FF4AFF63F8A174AF11C0" blockId="152.[151,1437,1900,2035]" lastBlockId="153.[151,1437,153,1043]" lastPageId="153" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">
|
||
The new material agrees in most aspects with the original description and illustrations by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C8FF4BFB60F8A1738A17B1" author="Marenzeller" box="[1220,1432,1900,1926]" firstAuthor="Marenzeller" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" pagination="64 - 66" refId="ref189523" refString="Marenzeller, E. von (1892) Note preliminaire sur les Holothuries provenant des campagnes du yacht l'Hirondelle. Bulletin Societe Zoologique France, 17, 64 - 66." type="journal article" year="1892">Marenzeller (1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C8FF4BFF33F85D76C0179D" author="Marenzeller" box="[151,210,1936,1962]" firstAuthor="Marenzeller" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref189554" refString="Marenzeller, E. von (1893) Contribution a l'etude des Holothuries de l'Atlantique N'ord (Golfe de Gascogne, Iles Acores). Resultats Campagnes Scientifiques du Prince de Monaco, 6, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11304" type="journal article" year="1893">1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), except for the presence of a double row of well-developed dark brown dorsal papillae in our individuals. However, the poor preservation of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="165ADDA604C8FF4BFDFAF879749C17F9" box="[606,654,1972,1998]" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen could account for this small difference. In the examined material both colour and size of the dorsal papillae became quite imperceptible (retracted) during preservation (96% ethanol) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="51DA7F8104C9FF4AFEA0FF54778B1084" box="[260,409,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="152.[151,250,1721,1746]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,849,1701]" captionTargetId="figure@152.[151,1436,849,1701]" captionTargetPageId="152" captionText="FIGURE 37. Holothuria (Vaneyothuria) lentiginosa lentiginosa Marenzeller, 1892 (DBUA-ECH 388: A–E). Dorsal view (A, C); ventral view (B, D); specimen, when alive (C, D); ossicles (E); holothurians most likely belonging to H. lentiginosa in situ in Azores (EMEPC–LUSO, 37°43'15"N, 25°48'24"W, 2009.10.08, 316 m: F) and Gorringe Bank (EMEPC–LUSO, 36°42'46"N, 11°10'02"W, 2009.09.13, 145 m: G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342235/files/figure.png" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Figs. 37A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C9FF4AFDEFFF5475731084" author="Miller & Pawson" box="[587,865,153,179]" firstAuthor="Miller" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="912 - 922" refId="ref191265" refString="Miller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. (1979) A new subspecies of Holothuria lentiginosa Marenzeller from the western Atlantic Ocean (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91 (4), 912 - 922." type="journal article" year="1979">Miller & Pawson (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
commented that colour could be lost in preserved specimens. No greenish-yellow hue was observed in the lateral surface of the specimens, a feature observed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C9FF4AFF33FF2C776410CC" author="Cherbonnier" box="[151,374,224,251]" firstAuthor="Cherbonnier" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="371 - 378" refId="ref175762" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1958) Holothuries des cotes de Sierra Leone (5 e et dern. note). Bulletin Museum National Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Serie 2, 30, 371 - 378." type="journal article" year="1958">Cherbonnier (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in animals from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404C9FF4AFD9DFF2C74DC10CC" box="[569,718,225,251]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Nevertheless, the dorsal dark spots presented by material from the Azores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="51DA7F8104C9FF4AFEB9FEC877BF1128" box="[285,429,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="152.[151,250,1721,1746]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,849,1701]" captionTargetId="figure@152.[151,1436,849,1701]" captionTargetPageId="152" captionText="FIGURE 37. Holothuria (Vaneyothuria) lentiginosa lentiginosa Marenzeller, 1892 (DBUA-ECH 388: A–E). Dorsal view (A, C); ventral view (B, D); specimen, when alive (C, D); ossicles (E); holothurians most likely belonging to H. lentiginosa in situ in Azores (EMEPC–LUSO, 37°43'15"N, 25°48'24"W, 2009.10.08, 316 m: F) and Gorringe Bank (EMEPC–LUSO, 36°42'46"N, 11°10'02"W, 2009.09.13, 145 m: G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342235/files/figure.png" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Figs. 37C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) were rather small and inconspicuous when compared with the figures presented by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C9FF4AFAF2FEC877711174" author="Miller & Pawson" firstAuthor="Miller" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="912 - 922" refId="ref191265" refString="Miller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. (1979) A new subspecies of Holothuria lentiginosa Marenzeller from the western Atlantic Ocean (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91 (4), 912 - 922." type="journal article" year="1979">Miller & Pawson (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C9FF4AFE3CFEE7749F1174" authorityName="Miller & Pawson" authorityYear="1979" box="[408,653,297,323]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="lentiginosa" subSpecies="enodis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFE3CFEE777BE1174" box="[408,428,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFE19FEE4749F1174" box="[445,653,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">lentiginosa enodis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Azorean animals also presented a well-developed dorsolateral longitudinal row of papillae (though becoming greatly retracted during preservation), which is apparently absent in the Caribbean subspecies. This species can be easily distinguished from other sea-cucumbers belonging to this genus recorded in the archipelago by its colour pattern. For example,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C9FF4AFCFBFE5B75CF1198" authorityName="Delle Chiaje" authorityYear="1823" box="[863,989,405,431]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sanctori">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFCFBFE5B75611198" box="[863,883,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFC25FE5B75CF1198" box="[897,989,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">sanctori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="51DA7F8104C9FF4AFBD0FE5872C91187" box="[1140,1243,405,432]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="150.[151,250,1775,1800]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,1062,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@150.[151,1436,1047,1756]" captionTargetPageId="150" captionText="FIGURE 36. Holothuria (Platyperona) sanctori Delle Chiaje, 1823 (DBUA-ECH 320: A, B, E; DBUA-ECH 402: C; DBUA- ECH 405: D; DBUA-ECH 398: E). Dorsal view (A, C); ventral view (B); specimen, when alive (D); ossicles (E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342233/files/figure.png" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Fig. 36D</figureCitation>
|
||
) the same colour range as this species but arranged in a quite different pattern,
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFCE9FE77754711E4" box="[845,853,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">i</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFCF8FE77757A11E4" box="[860,872,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">e</emphasis>
|
||
. dark brown with yellowish rings in opposition to cream with small dark brown spots, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E630404C9FF4AFF63FDCC73281424" blockId="153.[151,1437,153,1043]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
In the West Atlantic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C9FF4AFE1FFDCF744E122C" authorityName="$ Marenzeller" authorityYear="1892" box="[443,604,513,539]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lentiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFE1FFDCF77DD122C" box="[443,463,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFE44FDCC744E122C" box="[480,604,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">lentiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was divided in two subspecies:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C9FF4AFC71FDCF7313122C" authorityName="Tommasi & de Oliveira" authorityYear="1976" box="[981,1281,513,539]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="lentiginosa" subSpecies="brasiliensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFC71FDCF75FB122C" box="[981,1001,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFC5EFDCC7313122C" box="[1018,1281,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">lentiginosa brasiliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C9FF4AFF33FDE877FC1277" author="Tommasi & de Oliveira" box="[151,494,549,576]" firstAuthor="Tommasi" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="77 - 100" refId="ref202585" refString="Tommasi, L. R. & Oliveira, E. de (1976) Equinodermes do Brasil. V. Sobre algumas especies coletadas durante viagens do N / Oc. " Prof. W. Besnard ". Boletim Instituto Oceanografica, Sao Paulo, 25 (1), 77 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0373 - 55241976000100005" type="journal article" year="1976">Tommasi & de Oliveira (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from south Brazilian waters and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C9FF4AFCFEFDEB72541208" authorityName="Miller & Pawson" authorityYear="1979" box="[858,1094,549,575]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="lentiginosa" subSpecies="enodis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFCFEFDEB757C1208" box="[858,878,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFCDFFDE872541208" box="[891,1094,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">lentiginosa enodis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C9FF4AFB7AFDE876F01254" author="Miller & Pawson" firstAuthor="Miller" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="912 - 922" refId="ref191265" refString="Miller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. (1979) A new subspecies of Holothuria lentiginosa Marenzeller from the western Atlantic Ocean (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91 (4), 912 - 922." type="journal article" year="1979">Miller & Pawson (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to the Caribbean waters. The Brazilian subspecies was described based on colour differences, as the animals presented a darker colour with large dark dorsal blotches. The ossicles in the Brazilian subspecies agreed with Marenzeller’s original description. On the other hand, the Caribbean
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C9FF4AFC0FFD5C723F129C" box="[939,1069,657,683]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" rank="variety" variety="was">variety was</taxonomicName>
|
||
raised fundamentally on ossicle morphology differences, as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C9FF4AFE6AFD7874CD12F8" author="Miller & Pawson" box="[462,735,693,719]" firstAuthor="Miller" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="912 - 922" refId="ref191265" refString="Miller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. (1979) A new subspecies of Holothuria lentiginosa Marenzeller from the western Atlantic Ocean (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91 (4), 912 - 922." type="journal article" year="1979">Miller & Pawson (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered colour differences or papillae distribution as minor variations. Surprisingly,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C9FF4AFE16FD1474F112C4" author="Perez-Ruzafa" box="[434,739,729,755]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perez-Ruzafa" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="43 - 62" refId="ref196107" refString="Perez-Ruzafa, A., Entrambasaguas, L. & Bacallado, J. J. (1999) Fauna de equinodermos (Echinodermata) de los fondos rocosos infralitorales del archipielago de Cabo Verde. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 11 (3 - 4), 43 - 62." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Pérez-Ruzafa
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFDF7FD17749A12C4" box="[595,648,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1999)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C9FF4AFC31FD1772AF12C4" authority="lentiginosa" authorityName="lentiginosa Marenzeller" authorityYear="1892" box="[917,1213,729,755]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="lentiginosa" subSpecies="lentiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFC31FD1775BB12C4" box="[917,937,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFC1FFD1472AF12C4" box="[955,1213,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">lentiginosa lentiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C9FF4AFB5EFD1776F21320" authorityName="Miller & Pawson" authorityYear="1979" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="lentiginosa" subSpecies="enodis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFB5EFD17731C12C4" box="[1274,1294,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFA84FD1476F21320" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">lentiginosa enodis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1F6239404C9FF4AFE87FD3077B51320" box="[291,423,765,791]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
shallow waters (
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C9FF4AFDC5FD3074D71320" box="[609,709,765,791]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" unit="m" value="17.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="12.0">12–22 m</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C9FF4AFD5DFD30755F1320" box="[761,845,765,791]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="8.0">8–20 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, respectively) without offering any description of the examined material. The new material from the Azores (
|
||
<typeStatus id="165ADDA604C9FF4AFCD7FCEC75B7130C" box="[883,933,801,827]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">type</typeStatus>
|
||
area) herein examined reinforces
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF504C9FF4AFA92FCEC77551368" author="Miller & Pawson" firstAuthor="Miller" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="912 - 922" refId="ref191265" refString="Miller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. (1979) A new subspecies of Holothuria lentiginosa Marenzeller from the western Atlantic Ocean (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91 (4), 912 - 922." type="journal article" year="1979">Miller & Pawson (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
’s opinion that colour variation should not be used as a diagnostic character as it is subject to local variation and may not survive the preservation process. Thus, the status of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1188704C9FF4AFBAFFCA772BB13B4" authorityName="$ Marenzeller" authorityYear="1892" box="[1035,1193,873,899]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lentiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFBAFFCA7720D13B4" box="[1035,1055,874,899]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFB89FCA472BB13B4" box="[1069,1193,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">lentiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subspecies should be re-addressed, comparing material throughout its geographical distribution on both sides of the Atlantic. Additionally, in 2009 during the expedition by EMEPC, ROV
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF1604C9FF4AFD17FC7F74FB13FC" box="[691,745,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Luso</emphasis>
|
||
captured footage portraying two holothurians likely to belong to this species, one south of S„o Miguel Island in the Azores (L09D20R,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304C9FF4AFC63FC19725D13D8" box="[967,1103,980,1007]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" precision="15" seconds="15" value="37.720833">37°43'15"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304C9FF4AFBFDFC1972CF13D8" box="[1113,1245,980,1007]" degrees="25" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-25.806665">25°48'24W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
",
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C9FF4AFB55FC18732813D8" box="[1265,1338,981,1007]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.16" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" unit="m" value="316.0">316 m</quantity>
|
||
; see
|
||
<figureCitation id="51DA7F8104C9FF4AFAD4FC1876D61424" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="152.[151,250,1721,1746]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,849,1701]" captionTargetId="figure@152.[151,1436,849,1701]" captionTargetPageId="152" captionText="FIGURE 37. Holothuria (Vaneyothuria) lentiginosa lentiginosa Marenzeller, 1892 (DBUA-ECH 388: A–E). Dorsal view (A, C); ventral view (B, D); specimen, when alive (C, D); ossicles (E); holothurians most likely belonging to H. lentiginosa in situ in Azores (EMEPC–LUSO, 37°43'15"N, 25°48'24"W, 2009.10.08, 316 m: F) and Gorringe Bank (EMEPC–LUSO, 36°42'46"N, 11°10'02"W, 2009.09.13, 145 m: G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342235/files/figure.png" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Fig. 37F</figureCitation>
|
||
) and another in Gorringe Seabank (sta L09D09L1,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304C9FF4AFCA2FC34759E1424" box="[774,908,1017,1043]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" precision="15" seconds="46" value="36.71278">36°42'46"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C304C9FF4AFC3CFC3472281424" box="[920,1082,1017,1043]" degrees="11" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" precision="1" seconds="2.30" value="-11.167306">11°10'2.30"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE104C9FF4AFBE1FC35729D1424" box="[1093,1167,1016,1043]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" unit="m" value="145.0">145 m</quantity>
|
||
; see
|
||
<figureCitation id="51DA7F8104C9FF4AFB61FC34733F1424" box="[1221,1325,1017,1043]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="152.[151,250,1721,1746]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,849,1701]" captionTargetId="figure@152.[151,1436,849,1701]" captionTargetPageId="152" captionText="FIGURE 37. Holothuria (Vaneyothuria) lentiginosa lentiginosa Marenzeller, 1892 (DBUA-ECH 388: A–E). Dorsal view (A, C); ventral view (B, D); specimen, when alive (C, D); ossicles (E); holothurians most likely belonging to H. lentiginosa in situ in Azores (EMEPC–LUSO, 37°43'15"N, 25°48'24"W, 2009.10.08, 316 m: F) and Gorringe Bank (EMEPC–LUSO, 36°42'46"N, 11°10'02"W, 2009.09.13, 145 m: G)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342235/files/figure.png" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Fig. 37G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |