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<document id="CA5F19EDC1F1D50ABC14AA2C0CDF3ADE" ID-CLB-Dataset="26164" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="812e0570-38c6-4f6e-840c-7d52d87a8c12" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-PMC="PMC6910866" ID-PubMed="31712455" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3342161" ID-ZooBank="B1690E30-EC81-46D3-881D-97648DDC7745" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1563526566144" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias &amp; Ávila, Sérgio P." docDate="2019" docId="4148D2120471FFF2FF33FF5574B6145E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4639.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4639 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ophiacantha bidentata ? (Bruzelius 1805" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="BD71AA6A0450FFD3FFA4FFCD76121037" masterDocTitle="The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)" masterLastPageNumber="231" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698685128211" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="53B75A0BBAE5369A29D0DB61E51BDE91">The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="18822E1BFCDF64282257D0ED2791D308">Madeira, Patrícia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7246C65B0CFF4040121EA53EA31D80CD">Kroh, Andreas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9F47BB22BD5C1AF4DF6D98362C8FB024">Cordeiro, Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EBAC6C13071A9B345B0EB4577593E9C3">De, António M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B02C2A84221FF4FE3F9CFD40A60A9E2B">Martins, Frias</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FF33FF5574921084" authority="? (Bruzelius, 1805)" authorityName="? (Bruzelius" authorityYear="1805" box="[151,640,152,179]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FF33FF5574921084" bold="true" box="[151,640,152,179]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FF33FF5577B21084" bold="true" box="[151,416,152,179]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ophiacantha bidentata</emphasis>
? (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FE1BFF5574651084" author="Bruzelius" box="[447,631,152,179]" firstAuthor="Bruzelius" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref175119" refString="Bruzelius, N. (1805) Dissertatio sistens species cognitas asteriarum, quam, sub praesidio A. J. Retzii. exhibet N. Bruzelius. Berlingianis, Lundae, 37 pp." type="book" year="1805">Bruzelius, 1805</bibRefCitation>
)
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<heading id="9216D4680471FFF2FF33FF10778110C2" bold="true" box="[151,403,220,245]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="2">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FF33FF10778110C2" bold="true" box="[151,403,220,245]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
Reports for the
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE60471FFF2FEE4FF11779C10C2" box="[320,398,220,245]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Azores</collectingRegion>
:
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E9F1442A0471FFF2FF33FF36759B1166" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FF33FF3674251123" authority="(Bruzelius, 1805)" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[151,567,251,276]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FF33FF3677901124" box="[151,386,251,275]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ophiacantha bidentata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FE2BFF3674231123" author="Bruzelius" box="[399,561,251,276]" firstAuthor="Bruzelius" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref175119" refString="Bruzelius, N. (1805) Dissertatio sistens species cognitas asteriarum, quam, sub praesidio A. J. Retzii. exhibet N. Bruzelius. Berlingianis, Lundae, 37 pp." type="book" year="1805">Bruzelius, 1805</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
—?
<superScript id="3E94CE4C0471FFF2FDF9FF3474761130" attach="right" box="[605,612,249,263]" fontSize="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">$</superScript>
<treatmentCitation id="484045150471FFF2FDC1FF36750A1123" author="Koehler, R." box="[613,792,251,276]" page="55" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1898">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FDC1FF36750A1123" author="Koehler" box="[613,792,251,276]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref185623" refString="Koehler, R. (1898) Echinides et Ophiures provenant des campagnes du yacht Hirondelle (Golfe de Gascogne, Acores, Terre- Neuve). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 12, 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1898">Koehler 1898: 55</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FC87FF3672041123" author="Koehler" box="[803,1046,251,276]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref186123" refString="Koehler, R. (1924) Les echinodermes des mers d'Europe. Encyclopedie Scientifique. Tome I. Libraire Octave Doin, Paris, XIII + 361 pp." type="book" year="1924">Koehler 1924: 244–246</bibRefCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="484045150471FFF2FB84FF3173141123" author="Mortensen, T." box="[1056,1286,251,276]" page="196" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1927">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FB84FF3173141123" author="Mortensen" box="[1056,1286,251,276]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref192564" refString="Mortensen, T. (1927 a) Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles. Oxford University Press, viii + 471 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6841" type="book" year="1927" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1927a: 196</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 105.1–2;
<treatmentCitation id="484045150471FFF2FF63FED4777A1105" author="Nobre, A." box="[199,360,281,306]" page="72" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1938">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FF63FED4777A1105" author="Nobre" box="[199,360,281,306]" firstAuthor="Nobre" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref194119" refString="Nobre, A. (1938) Equinodermes de Portugal. 3 rd Edition. Companhia Editora do Minho, Barcelos, 215 pp." type="book" year="1938">Nobre 1938: 72</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FED6FED674431105" author="Paterson" box="[370,593,281,306]" firstAuthor="Paterson" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref195005" refString="Paterson, G. L. J. (1985) The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 49 (1), 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1985">Paterson 1985: 34–36</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 15;
<treatmentCitation id="484045150471FFF2FD0DFED475AD1105" author="Garcia-Diez, C. &amp; Porteiro, F. M. &amp; Meirinho, A. &amp; Cardigos, F. &amp; Tempera, F." box="[681,959,281,306]" page="49" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FD0DFED475AD1105" author="Garcia-Diez" box="[681,959,281,306]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Garcia-Diez" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="35 - 59" refId="ref181624" refString="Garcia-Diez, C., Porteiro, F. M., Meirinho, A., Cardigos, F. &amp; Tempera, F. (2005) Taxonomic review of selected invertebrate groups collected during the Campaigns of the Prince Albert I of Monaco in the Azorean waters. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences, 22 A, 35 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">
García-Diez
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FC8FFED675451105" box="[811,855,282,306]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. 2005: 49
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="484045150471FFF2FC6DFED472C51105" author="Micael, J. &amp; Costa A. C." box="[969,1239,281,306]" page="322" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FC6DFED472C51105" author="Micael &amp; Costa" box="[969,1239,281,306]" firstAuthor="Micael" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="321 - 323" refId="ref190649" refString="Micael, J. &amp; Costa A. C. (2010) Echinodermata. In: Borges, P. A. V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Goncalves, V., Martins, A. F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R. S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. &amp; Vieira, V. (Eds.), A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Principia, Oeiras, pp. 321 - 323." type="book chapter" year="2010">
Micael &amp;
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE60471FFF2FB8BFED7727B1105" box="[1071,1129,282,306]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Costa</collectingRegion>
2010: 322
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FB45FED4778E1166" author="Benavides-Serrato" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Benavides-Serrato" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref173554" refString="Benavides-Serrato, M., Borrero-Perez, G. H. &amp; Diaz-Sanchez, C. M. (2011) Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano I: Crinoidea, Asteroidea y Ophiuoridea. Vol. 22. Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemar, Santa Marta, 384 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Benavides-Serrato
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FF63FEF776E61166" box="[199,244,313,337]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. 2011: 244–245
</bibRefCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="484045150471FFF2FE01FEF574681166" author="Micael, J. &amp; Alves, M. J. &amp; Jones, M. B. &amp; Costa, A. C." box="[421,634,312,337]" page="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FE01FEF574681166" author="Micael" box="[421,634,312,337]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Micael" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="49" refId="ref190819" refString="Micael, J., Alves, M. J., Jones, M. B. &amp; Costa, A. C. (2012) Diversity of shallow-water asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Azorean Archipelago. Marine Biodiversity Records, 5, e 49. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267211000534" type="journal article" year="2012">
Micael
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FE56FEF7740D1166" box="[498,543,313,337]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. 2012: 3
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="484045150471FFF2FD21FEF575971166" author="Smirnov, I. S. &amp; Piepenburg, D. &amp; Ahearn, C. &amp; Juterzenka, K. V." box="[645,901,312,337]" page="195" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FD21FEF575971166" author="Smirnov" box="[645,901,312,337]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Smirnov" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="192 - 209" refId="ref200807" refString="Smirnov, I. S., Piepenburg, D., Ahearn, C. &amp; Juterzenka, K. V. (2014) Deep-sea fauna of European seas: An annotated species check-list of benthic invertebrates living deeper than 2000 m in the seas bordering Europe. Ophiuroidea. Invertebrate Zoology, 11 (1), 192 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / invertzool. 11.1.18" type="journal article" year="2014">
Smirnov
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FD47FEF7751D1166" box="[739,783,313,337]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. 2014: 195
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C95E63040471FFF2FF33FEB277B611AD" blockId="33.[151,1437,382,1130]" box="[151,420,382,410]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<materialsCitation id="798969590471FFF2FF33FEB277B211AD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2284837841" box="[151,416,382,410]" country="Norway" location="Norway" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FF33FEB2772911AE" bold="true" box="[151,315,382,409]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<typeStatus id="165ADDA60471FFF2FF33FEB276C611AE" box="[151,212,383,409]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="B1F623940471FFF2FEE6FE4D77B211AD" box="[322,416,384,410]" name="Norway" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Norway</collectingCountry>
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040471FFF2FF63FE6F76FB11D6" blockId="33.[151,1437,382,1130]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FF63FE6F76EB118A" bold="true" box="[199,249,418,445]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">See:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FEA4FE6E77F3118A" author="Bruzelius" box="[256,481,418,445]" firstAuthor="Bruzelius" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref175119" refString="Bruzelius, N. (1805) Dissertatio sistens species cognitas asteriarum, quam, sub praesidio A. J. Retzii. exhibet N. Bruzelius. Berlingianis, Lundae, 37 pp." type="book" year="1805">Bruzelius (1805: 33</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FDA8FE6974CB118A" box="[524,729,419,446]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FDA8FE6974CB118A" box="[524,729,419,446]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Asterias bidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FD56FE697204118A" author="Mortensen" box="[754,1046,419,446]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref192677" refString="Mortensen, T. (1933 a) Ophiuroidea. The Danish Ingolf Expedition, 4 b (8), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1933" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen (1933a: 20–22</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 6–8);
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FB38FE6976F711D6" author="Martynov &amp; Litvinova" firstAuthor="Martynov" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref189845" refString="Martynov, A. V. &amp; Litvinova, N. M. (2008) Deep-water Ophiuroidea of the northern Atlantic with descriptions of three new species and taxonomic remarks on certain genera and species. Marine Biology Research, 4, 76 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000701840066" type="book" year="2008">Martynov &amp; Litvinova (2008)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040471FFF2FF63FE27739B127A" blockId="33.[151,1437,382,1130]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FF63FE27774E1232" bold="true" box="[199,348,490,517]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Occurrence:</emphasis>
Arctic (circumpolar) and North Atlantic, from the eastern coast of
<collectingCountry id="B1F623940471FFF2FBF0FE26729E1232" box="[1108,1164,491,517]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="B1F623940471FFF2FB14FE2673371232" box="[1200,1317,491,517]" name="Greenland" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Greenland</collectingCountry>
and in the eastern Atlantic from South of
<collectingCountry id="B1F623940471FFF2FE5EFDC2745E121E" box="[506,588,527,553]" name="Iceland" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Iceland</collectingCountry>
to Cape Blanc (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FCA3FDC275BF121E" author="Paterson" box="[775,941,526,553]" firstAuthor="Paterson" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref195005" refString="Paterson, G. L. J. (1985) The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 49 (1), 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1985">Paterson 1985</bibRefCitation>
), including the archipelagos of the?Azores (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FF3BFDFE772F127A" author="Koehler" box="[159,317,563,589]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref185623" refString="Koehler, R. (1898) Echinides et Ophiures provenant des campagnes du yacht Hirondelle (Golfe de Gascogne, Acores, Terre- Neuve). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 12, 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1898">Koehler 1898</bibRefCitation>
), Madeira (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FE19FDFE74B4127A" author="Jesus &amp; Abreu" box="[445,678,563,589]" firstAuthor="Jesus" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="59 - 69" refId="ref184817" refString="Jesus, D. &amp; Abreu, A. D. (1998) Contribution to the knowledge of the soft bottom echinoderms of Madeira Island. Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal (Historia Natural), 50 (286), 59 - 69., 4 figs." type="book chapter" year="1998">Jesus &amp; Abreu 1998</bibRefCitation>
), Canaries (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FC8EFDFE75C61279" author="Koehler, R." box="[810,980,563,590]" journalOrPublisher="Expeditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="245 - 311" part="8" refId="ref185741" refString="Koehler, R. (1906 b) Ophiures. Expeditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman, 8, 245 - 311." title="Ophiures" type="journal article" year="1906">Koehler 1906b</bibRefCitation>
) and?
<collectingCountry id="B1F623940471FFF2FBB9FDFE72B6127A" box="[1053,1188,563,589]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FB17FDFE736E127A" author="Mortensen" box="[1203,1404,563,589]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref192564" refString="Mortensen, T. (1927 a) Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles. Oxford University Press, viii + 471 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6841" type="book" year="1927" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1927a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040471FFF2FF63FD9A72231246" blockId="33.[151,1437,382,1130]" box="[199,1073,599,626]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FF63FD9A77081246" bold="true" box="[199,282,599,625]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Depth:</emphasis>
10–?
<quantity id="0E19CEE10471FFF2FEF0FD9A77A11245" box="[340,435,599,626]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.73" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="4.73">4,730 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FE65FD9A74B51246" author="Smirnov" box="[449,679,599,626]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Smirnov" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="192 - 209" refId="ref200807" refString="Smirnov, I. S., Piepenburg, D., Ahearn, C. &amp; Juterzenka, K. V. (2014) Deep-sea fauna of European seas: An annotated species check-list of benthic invertebrates living deeper than 2000 m in the seas bordering Europe. Ophiuroidea. Invertebrate Zoology, 11 (1), 192 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / invertzool. 11.1.18" type="journal article" year="2014">
Smirnov
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FD8FFD95744E1246" box="[555,604,599,625]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
);?
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC10471FFF2FD61FD9A75161246" box="[709,772,599,625]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">AZO</collectionCode>
:?
<quantity id="0E19CEE10471FFF2FCBDFD9A75651245" box="[793,887,599,626]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.287" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="1.287">1,287 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FC21FD9A72361246" author="Koehler" box="[901,1060,599,625]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref185623" refString="Koehler, R. (1898) Echinides et Ophiures provenant des campagnes du yacht Hirondelle (Golfe de Gascogne, Acores, Terre- Neuve). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 12, 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1898">Koehler 1898</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040471FFF2FF63FDB676E31382" blockId="33.[151,1437,382,1130]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FF63FDB6772F12A2" bold="true" box="[199,317,635,661]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Remarks:</emphasis>
when describing
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FDADFDB675AB12A2" authority=", Verrill (1885 c)" authorityName=", Verrill" authorityYear="1885" box="[521,953,634,662]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fraterna">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FDADFDB6751212A2" box="[521,768,635,661]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ophiacantha fraterna</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FCABFDB675AB12A2" author="Verrill" box="[783,953,634,661]" firstAuthor="Verrill" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="503 - 699" refId="ref203883" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1885 c) Results of the explorations made by the steamer &quot; Albatross &quot;, off the northern coast of the United States, in 1883. Report of Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1885 503 - 699. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12059" type="book chapter" year="1885" yearSuffix="c">Verrill (1885c)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
cautioned that this species had previously been confused with
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FED8FD6D741B128E" box="[380,521,671,698]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FED8FD6D741B128E" box="[380,521,671,698]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">O. bidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including some of the H.M.S.
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FCD5FD5275FD128E" box="[881,1007,671,697]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Challenger</emphasis>
material identified by
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FB57FD6D738A128E" author="Lyman" box="[1267,1432,671,698]" firstAuthor="Lyman" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 386" refId="ref188509" refString="Lyman, T. (1882) Report on the Ophiuroidea. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 5 (14), 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="1882">Lyman (1882)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FF33FD0E775312EA" author="Verrill" box="[151,321,706,733]" firstAuthor="Verrill" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="424 - 447" refId="ref203810" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1885 b) Notice of recent additions to the marine invertebrata of the northeastern coast of America, with descriptions of new genera and species and critical remarks on others. Part V-Annelida, Echinodermata, Hydroida, Tunicata. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 8, 424 - 447. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.534.424" type="journal article" year="1885" yearSuffix="b">Verrill (1885b)</bibRefCitation>
also added that
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FE57FD09746D12EA" box="[499,639,707,734]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FE57FD09741512E9" box="[499,519,708,734]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FDB1FD0E746D12EA" box="[533,639,707,733]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">bidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
unlike
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FD75FD09755C12EA" authorityName=", Verrill" authorityYear="1885" box="[721,846,707,734]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fraterna">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FD75FD09755C12EA" box="[721,846,707,734]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">O. fraterna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs at moderate depths. Later authors consider
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FA25FD0976E11336" authorityName=", Verrill" authorityYear="1885" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fraterna">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FA25FD09738712E9" box="[1409,1429,708,734]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FF33FD2A76E11336" box="[151,243,743,769]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">fraterna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FE5BFD2574991336" box="[511,651,743,770]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FE5BFD2574991336" box="[511,651,743,770]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">O. bidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or a variety of the latter (
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FC09FD2575CE1336" box="[941,988,744,769]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">e.g.,</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FC47FD2572BB1336" author="Mortensen" box="[995,1193,743,770]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref192677" refString="Mortensen, T. (1933 a) Ophiuroidea. The Danish Ingolf Expedition, 4 b (8), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1933" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1933a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FB10FD2573451336" author="Paterson" box="[1204,1367,742,770]" firstAuthor="Paterson" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref195005" refString="Paterson, G. L. J. (1985) The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 49 (1), 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1985">Paterson 1985</bibRefCitation>
). As a result, it is difficult to understand the true geographical and depth range of
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FC6AFCC1724B1312" box="[974,1113,779,806]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FC6AFCC175F01311" box="[974,994,780,806]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FC4BFCC6724B1312" box="[1007,1113,779,805]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">bidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see discussion by
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FA8AFCC17778137E" author="Martynov &amp; Litvinova" firstAuthor="Martynov" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref189845" refString="Martynov, A. V. &amp; Litvinova, N. M. (2008) Deep-water Ophiuroidea of the northern Atlantic with descriptions of three new species and taxonomic remarks on certain genera and species. Marine Biology Research, 4, 76 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000701840066" type="book" year="2008">Martynov &amp; Litvinova 2008</bibRefCitation>
). In view of this and considering that the report of
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FC1BFCE272D7137E" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[959,1221,815,841]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FC1BFCE272D7137E" box="[959,1221,815,841]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ophiacantha bidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the archipelago is based on a single poorly preserved specimen collected at a depth of
<quantity id="0E19CEE10471FFF2FC77FC9E72201359" box="[979,1074,851,878]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.287" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="1.287">1,287 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FBE7FC9E72F6135A" author="Koehler" box="[1091,1252,851,877]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref185623" refString="Koehler, R. (1898) Echinides et Ophiures provenant des campagnes du yacht Hirondelle (Golfe de Gascogne, Acores, Terre- Neuve). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 12, 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1898">Koehler 1898</bibRefCitation>
;
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FB57FC9E737E135A" box="[1267,1388,851,877]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hirondelle</emphasis>
, sta 112:
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,
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C30471FFF2FECCFCBA77E913A5" box="[360,507,887,914]" degrees="28" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-28.104445">28°06’16”W</geoCoordinate>
), the inclusion of this species in the Azorean faunal list should be considered with caution.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040471FFF2FF63FC0D74B6145E" blockId="33.[151,1437,382,1130]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FF63FC0D778D13EE" author="Mortensen" box="[199,415,959,986]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref192564" refString="Mortensen, T. (1927 a) Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles. Oxford University Press, viii + 471 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6841" type="book" year="1927" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen (1927a)</bibRefCitation>
included
<collectingCountry id="B1F623940471FFF2FDB5FC72748A13EE" box="[529,664,959,985]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
in the geographical distribution of
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FB8BFC0D72AF13EE" baseAuthorityName="Bruzelius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[1071,1213,959,986]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FB8BFC0D725113ED" box="[1071,1091,960,986]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FBF7FC7272AF13EE" box="[1107,1213,959,985]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">bidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. To the best of our knowledge no animal belonging to this species was ever collected in the archipelago. In an earlier report,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FAE6FC2E76E21415" author="Koehler, R." journalOrPublisher="Expeditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="245 - 311" part="8" refId="ref185741" refString="Koehler, R. (1906 b) Ophiures. Expeditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman, 8, 245 - 311." title="Ophiures" type="journal article" year="1906">Koehler (1906b)</bibRefCitation>
recorded this species at
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870471FFF2FDA5FBCA747B1416" box="[513,617,1031,1057]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bursidae" genus="Talisman" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FDA5FBCA747B1416" box="[513,617,1031,1057]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Talisman</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
deep-water stations located between off NW African coast and Canaries. It is possible that
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FEFCFBE1743F1472" author="Mortensen" box="[344,557,1067,1094]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref192564" refString="Mortensen, T. (1927 a) Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles. Oxford University Press, viii + 471 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6841" type="book" year="1927" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen (1927a)</bibRefCitation>
mistook Koehler’s records, which was repeated by subsequent references (
<emphasis id="FB95BF160471FFF2FAC9FBE1739C1472" box="[1389,1422,1068,1093]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">e.g</emphasis>
.,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FF33FB9D774F145E" author="Mortensen" box="[151,349,1103,1130]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref192677" refString="Mortensen, T. (1933 a) Ophiuroidea. The Danish Ingolf Expedition, 4 b (8), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1933" yearSuffix="a">
Mortensen 1933
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FEF4FB82774F145E" author="Nobre, A." box="[336,349,1103,1129]" firstAuthor="a" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref194119" refString="Nobre, A. (1938) Equinodermes de Portugal. 3 rd Edition. Companhia Editora do Minho, Barcelos, 215 pp." type="book" year="1938">a</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, Nobre 1938,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50471FFF2FE5FFB827485145E" author="Madsen" box="[507,663,1103,1129]" firstAuthor="Madsen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref189027" refString="Madsen, F. J. (1947) The Echinoderms collected by the &quot; Skagerak &quot; Expedition in the Eastern Atlantic 1946. Meddelanden fran G ˆ teborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets- Samhalles Handlingar, sjatte f ˆ ljden, Serie B, 5 (7), 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1947">Madsen 1947</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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