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<mods:title id="86A54FCBCC63F0E39D7D5BAE9A51C1D4">The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FF33FA2C779F15CC" bold="true" box="[151,397,1504,1531]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Histampica duplicata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FE3AFA2C742B15CC" author="Lyman" box="[414,569,1504,1531]" firstAuthor="Lyman" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref188382" refString="Lyman, T. (1875) Zoological Results of the Hassler Expedition. 2. Ophiuridae and Astrophytidae. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zo ˆ logy at Harvard College, 8 (2), 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1875">Lyman, 1875</bibRefCitation>
)
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Reports for the
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:
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<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FF33F9897771166B" box="[151,355,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Amphiura duplicata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FECDF98977FF166B" author="Lyman" box="[361,493,1603,1628]" firstAuthor="Lyman" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref188382" refString="Lyman, T. (1875) Zoological Results of the Hassler Expedition. 2. Ophiuridae and Astrophytidae. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zo ˆ logy at Harvard College, 8 (2), 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1875">Lyman, 1875</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="48404515044BFFC8FDABF98E74C9166B" author="Koehler, R." box="[527,731,1603,1628]" page="208" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1896">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FDABF98E74C9166B" author="Koehler" box="[527,731,1603,1628]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="203 - 213" refId="ref185439" refString="Koehler, R. (1896 a) Note preliminaire sur les Ophiures recueillies pendant les campagnes de &quot; L'Hirondelle &quot;. Memoires. Societe Zoologique de France, 9, 203 - 213." type="journal article" year="1896" yearSuffix="a">Koehler 1896a: 208</bibRefCitation>
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,
<treatmentCitation id="48404515044BFFC8FD41F98E7548166B" author="Koehler, R." box="[741,858,1603,1628]" page="244" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1896">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FD41F98E7548166B" author="Koehler" box="[741,858,1603,1628]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="241 - 253" refId="ref185474" refString="Koehler, R. (1896 b) Note preliminaire sur les Ophiures des premieres campagnes de la &quot; Princesse Alice &quot;. Memoires. Societe Zoologique de France, 9, 241 - 253." type="journal article" year="1896" yearSuffix="b">1896b: 244</bibRefCitation>
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,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FCC1F98975F5166B" author="Koehler" box="[869,999,1603,1628]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref185623" refString="Koehler, R. (1898) Echinides et Ophiures provenant des campagnes du yacht Hirondelle (Golfe de Gascogne, Acores, Terre- Neuve). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 12, 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1898">1898: 4950</bibRefCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="48404515044BFFC8FC55F98E729F166B" author="Grieg, J. A." box="[1009,1165,1603,1628]" page="37" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1932">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FC55F98E729F166B" author="Grieg" box="[1009,1165,1603,1628]" firstAuthor="Grieg" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref183024" refString="Grieg, J. A. (1932) Echinodermata. Report of the scientific results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic deep sea expedition 1910, 3 (2), 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1932">Grieg 1932: 37</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FF33F9AE7772164C" box="[151,352,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ophiactis duplicata</emphasis>
, (
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FD80F9AF74F7164C" author="Koehler" box="[548,741,1634,1659]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909: 171</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FF33F94C776216AE" box="[151,368,1665,1689]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Amphiactis duplicata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FED8F94C741316AD" author="Lyman" box="[380,513,1665,1690]" firstAuthor="Lyman" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref188382" refString="Lyman, T. (1875) Zoological Results of the Hassler Expedition. 2. Ophiuridae and Astrophytidae. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zo ˆ logy at Harvard College, 8 (2), 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1875">Lyman, 1875</bibRefCitation>
)
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FD87F94C751E16AE" author="Mortensen" box="[547,780,1665,1690]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref192564" refString="Mortensen, T. (1927 a) Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles. Oxford University Press, viii + 471 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6841" type="book" year="1927" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1927a: 198</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="0EE11887044BFFC8FF33F96C7419168F" authority="(Lyman, 1875)" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[151,523,1695,1720]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiactidae" genus="Histampica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="duplicata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FF33F96C7760168F" box="[151,370,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Histampica duplicata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FEDBF96D7416168F" author="Lyman" box="[383,516,1695,1720]" firstAuthor="Lyman" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref188382" refString="Lyman, T. (1875) Zoological Results of the Hassler Expedition. 2. Ophiuridae and Astrophytidae. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zo ˆ logy at Harvard College, 8 (2), 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1875">Lyman, 1875</bibRefCitation>
)
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FD81F952752D168F" author="Garcia-Diez" box="[549,831,1695,1720]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Garcia-Diez" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="35 - 59" refId="ref181624" refString="Garcia-Diez, C., Porteiro, F. M., Meirinho, A., Cardigos, F. &amp; Tempera, F. (2005) Taxonomic review of selected invertebrate groups collected during the Campaigns of the Prince Albert I of Monaco in the Azorean waters. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences, 22 A, 35 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">
García-Diez
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FD0EF96C74C5168F" box="[682,727,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
. 2005: 48
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locality:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="B1F62394044BFFC8FEE4F92B77BF1737" box="[320,429,1766,1792]" name="Barbados" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Barbados</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="CC3E35DF044BFFC8FE1CF92B743D1737" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4148D212044BFFCFFF33FA2C75741174:CC3E35DF044BFFC8FE1CF92B743D1737" box="[440,559,1766,1792]" country="Barbados" name="Caribbean" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Caribbean</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E6304044BFFC8FF63F8C47426177F" blockId="27.[151,1437,1765,2045]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FF63F8C476EB1713" bold="true" box="[199,249,1801,1828]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">See:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FF5BF8C677F91713" author="Lyman" box="[255,491,1801,1829]" firstAuthor="Lyman" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref188382" refString="Lyman, T. (1875) Zoological Results of the Hassler Expedition. 2. Ophiuridae and Astrophytidae. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zo ˆ logy at Harvard College, 8 (2), 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1875">Lyman (1875: 1920</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 87, pl. 5, fig. 78, as
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887044BFFC8FD5FF8C775C91713" authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1875" box="[763,987,1802,1828]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphiura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="duplicata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FD5FF8C775C91713" box="[763,987,1802,1828]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Amphiura duplicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FC56F8C672D41713" author="Paterson" box="[1010,1222,1801,1829]" firstAuthor="Paterson" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref195005" refString="Paterson, G. L. J. (1985) The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 49 (1), 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1985">Paterson (1985: 79</bibRefCitation>
, 80, fig. 32);
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FAFDF8C67422177F" author="Benavides-Serrato" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Benavides-Serrato" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref173554" refString="Benavides-Serrato, M., Borrero-Perez, G. H. &amp; Diaz-Sanchez, C. M. (2011) Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano I: Crinoidea, Asteroidea y Ophiuoridea. Vol. 22. Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemar, Santa Marta, 384 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Benavides-Serrato
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FE97F8E27777177F" box="[307,357,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
. (2011: 313314)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E6304044BFFC8FF63F89C74FF17EF" blockId="27.[151,1437,1765,2045]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FF63F89C774E175B" bold="true" box="[199,348,1873,1900]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Occurrence:</emphasis>
cosmopolitan, in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans; in the west Atlantic, from
<collectingCountry id="B1F62394044BFFC8FB5BF89F7374175B" box="[1279,1382,1874,1900]" name="Bermuda" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FAD0F89F771517A7" author="Lyman" firstAuthor="Lyman" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 386" refId="ref188509" refString="Lyman, T. (1882) Report on the Ophiuroidea. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 5 (14), 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="1882">Lyman 1882</bibRefCitation>
) and Caribbean to
<collectingCountry id="B1F62394044BFFC8FE7DF8BB740F17A7" box="[473,541,1910,1936]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FD88F8BB74DC17A6" author="Downey" box="[556,718,1910,1937]" firstAuthor="Downey" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref179389" refString="Downey, M. E. (1969) Catalog of Recent Ophiuroid Type Specimens in Major Collections in the United States. United States National Museum Bulletin, 293, 1 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.293" type="journal article" year="1969">Downey 1969</bibRefCitation>
); in the East Atlantic, from the Faeroe Plateau (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FB7FF8BB738717A7" author="Tyler" box="[1243,1429,1909,1937]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Tyler" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="175 - 194" refId="ref203064" refString="Tyler, P. A., Emson, R. H., Sumida, P. &amp; Howell, K. (2005) Ophiuroid distribution at sublittoral and bathyal depths round the Faroe Islands, NE Atlantic Ocean. BIOFAR Proceedings, 2005, 175 - 194." type="journal article" year="2005">
Tyler
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FAB9F8BA735C17A7" box="[1309,1358,1910,1936]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
) and Reykjanes Ridge (South of
<collectingCountry id="B1F62394044BFFC8FE5CF857745C1783" box="[504,590,1946,1972]" name="Iceland" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Iceland</collectingCountry>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FDFCF85675841783" author="Martynov &amp; Litvinova" box="[600,918,1946,1973]" firstAuthor="Martynov" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref189845" refString="Martynov, A. V. &amp; Litvinova, N. M. (2008) Deep-water Ophiuroidea of the northern Atlantic with descriptions of three new species and taxonomic remarks on certain genera and species. Marine Biology Research, 4, 76 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000701840066" type="book" year="2008">Martynov &amp; Litvinova 2008</bibRefCitation>
) to North Africa (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FBFEF85772EE1783" author="Paterson" box="[1114,1276,1945,1972]" firstAuthor="Paterson" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref195005" refString="Paterson, G. L. J. (1985) The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 49 (1), 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1985">Paterson 1985</bibRefCitation>
) including the Azores and
<collectingCountry id="B1F62394044BFFC8FEB9F873778C17EF" box="[285,414,1982,2008]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
archipelagos (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FDE5F87374F217EF" author="Koehler" box="[577,736,1982,2008]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E6304044BFFC8FF63F82F723417CB" blockId="27.[151,1437,1765,2045]" box="[199,1062,2017,2045]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044BFFC8FF63F82F770817CB" bold="true" box="[199,282,2018,2044]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Depth:</emphasis>
125
<materialsCitation id="79896959044BFFC8FEF3F82C755D17CB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2284837339" box="[343,847,2017,2045]" collectionCode="AZO" elevation="3" latitude="1.095" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-2.178" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1">
<elevation id="42CC8437044BFFC8FEF3F82C77A717CA" box="[343,437,2017,2045]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.87" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2.87">
<quantity id="0E19CEE1044BFFC8FEF3F82C77A717CA" box="[343,437,2017,2045]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.87" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2.87">2,870 m</quantity>
</elevation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FE67F82F747A17CB" author="Paterson" box="[451,616,2017,2044]" firstAuthor="Paterson" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref195005" refString="Paterson, G. L. J. (1985) The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 49 (1), 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1985">Paterson 1985</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1044BFFC8FDDFF82F74AB17CB" box="[635,697,2018,2044]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">AZO</collectionCode>
:
<quantity id="0E19CEE1044BFFC8FD67F82C755D17CB" box="[707,847,2017,2044]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6364999999999998" metricValueMax="2.178" metricValueMin="1.095" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1.6364999999999998" valueMax="2.178" valueMin="1.095">
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3044BFFC8FD67F82C751217CB" box="[707,768,2017,2044]" degrees="1,095" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="1.095">1,095</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3044BFFC8FCA4F82C755D17CB" box="[768,847,2017,2044]" degrees="2,178" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-2.178">2,178</geoCoordinate>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
m (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044BFFC8FCDEF82F720B17CB" author="Koehler" box="[890,1049,2018,2044]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E6304044CFFCFFF63FF5577A810E0" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,323]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044CFFCFFF63FF55773E1084" bold="true" box="[199,300,152,179]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Habitat:</emphasis>
hard to soft (sand or mud) substrates; can be found in association with azooxanthellate corals (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044CFFCFFAFCFF5477BC10E0" author="Benavides-Serrato" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Benavides-Serrato" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref173554" refString="Benavides-Serrato, M., Borrero-Perez, G. H. &amp; Diaz-Sanchez, C. M. (2011) Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano I: Crinoidea, Asteroidea y Ophiuoridea. Vol. 22. Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemar, Santa Marta, 384 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Benavides-Serrato
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044CFFCFFE97FF70777710E1" box="[307,357,188,214]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E6304044CFFCFFF63FF2C75741174" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,323]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044CFFCFFF63FF2C772F10CC" bold="true" box="[199,317,225,251]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Remarks:</emphasis>
Despite being known in the archipelago only by historical reports,
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887044CFFCFFB95FF2C733110CD" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[1073,1315,224,250]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiactidae" genus="Histampica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="duplicata">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044CFFCFFB95FF2C733110CD" box="[1073,1315,224,250]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Histampica duplicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be common in the Azorean deep-waters as
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044CFFCFFDDDFEC9750C1128" author="Koehler" box="[633,798,260,287]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref185623" refString="Koehler, R. (1898) Echinides et Ophiures provenant des campagnes du yacht Hirondelle (Golfe de Gascogne, Acores, Terre- Neuve). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 12, 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1898">Koehler (1898</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5044CFFCFFC8EFEC875711128" author="Koehler" box="[810,867,261,287]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">1909</bibRefCitation>
) recorded this species at numerous
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044CFFCFFB50FEC9737E1129" box="[1268,1388,260,286]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Hirondelle</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="FB95BF16044CFFCFFF33FEE477571175" box="[151,325,296,322]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Princesse Alice</emphasis>
stations, from depths around
<quantity id="0E19CEE1044CFFCFFD35FEE474F41174" box="[657,742,297,323]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
to
<quantity id="0E19CEE1044CFFCFFCADFEE475731174" box="[777,865,297,323]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>