treatments-xml/data/41/48/D2/4148D2120409FF8AFF33FD79738415D7.xml
2024-06-21 12:34:36 +02:00

338 lines
39 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="573A37958CC8F20B0D107654AE82935B" ID-CLB-Dataset="26164" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="812e0570-38c6-4f6e-840c-7d52d87a8c12" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-PMC="PMC6910866" ID-PubMed="31712455" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3342161" ID-ZooBank="B1690E30-EC81-46D3-881D-97648DDC7745" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1563526566144" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias &amp; Ávila, Sérgio P." docDate="2019" docId="4148D2120409FF8AFF33FD79738415D7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4639.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4639 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Plinthaster dentatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="BD71AA6A0450FFD3FFA4FFCD76121037" masterDocTitle="The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)" masterLastPageNumber="231" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="90" updateTime="1698685128211" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="D03F9211AB3C87BC8DD0CE1DA359EC45" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="71503EB2D8405383FB409182F427587F">
<mods:title id="4953325CC1D589BC57746C1B72C2DDEC">The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="5C1F3BCF8ECDBA8F23930C5DC9CBF641" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D7223D84765059194783D9076B149DCF">
<mods:roleTerm id="25E2F5848EE5526296BE2EC00EF0A6F1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E6AB21228A28F9D98B02AFCC535600EB">Madeira, Patrícia</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DAB1E4ABBFB9D5345CFEAE384AE3E947" type="personal">
<mods:role id="306D817FFF115E04DA2FBEE6F5230F0E">
<mods:roleTerm id="F2078F2A1D37A3573685124DAAA98762">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F5081E65189FD21E9FA045E180E21357">Kroh, Andreas</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="63B7671EFA930F578693FF718AB79F0F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DBCAE4E652FDBB1D6C9FC9F5A44B127E">
<mods:roleTerm id="295A0F71487028167E47599129888452">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D8392EFBBBBF0EF36FAE92CE903E9FE1">Cordeiro, Ricardo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="312A26C9EB9589F1DC246F4C5FFD972F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BB87720B59C0308EE24B20706AF84A4D">
<mods:roleTerm id="075BF9E4713BFFE6D5499ECD7C9965BD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5705DD57911A1865A2DD2B49EB921995">De, António M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BADEBE58ADEBFDC4FD5C25489E8DB37D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="547FA94BB02EF2846FDFFF591BD7D5E6">
<mods:roleTerm id="C29D36AC13F23C55422E0A1F2D973EED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="299618AB12C39B1D7937438D7D7311E4">Martins, Frias</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E82BE0E8CE6A0094500C56A34BB95E6A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CB056CB38839A29F3CC67E350F6D3087">
<mods:roleTerm id="7CEA1072EDD5D6E5F3C70B835DC3CD4A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="04E14D09E9CBC24DE32AE79EF0FDDFBE">Ávila, Sérgio P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="5E9B9466334ECB504F7284D907AB424A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="9CCC64A20DEFEA5F91B45BD49EB4C0D4" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="9072CB40474867C1F6D43DD739C3A82D">
<mods:title id="A315348485BD52A466937C8606F0379E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6D8E44F468EE014C488725272BBA11AF">
<mods:date id="97D75D6CD17536A01431540DF2B49967">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="B9F25466E3071D7198D5F2DA6278C1B2" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="4900E157F914264150C60A9B7FC434A2">2019-07-19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="16E93147D37BF86E0343310E1DC8E0B4" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8E591DF8B5FC14028F1F7E85A91EEA62">4639</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="9FE28B5812657588F7D0E82ECADBB88A" type="issue">
<mods:number id="487981029AB689A5B598D0C01AC65295">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="B4BEB00C45B90263D8EC1FD6589B8F55" unit="page">
<mods:start id="47AA3767E5BFAC61C84A366FCDE3A401">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="3698A3936E8436583F1EA55E8AD57ACD">231</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="FFCE586DEC71F9A3BB6DA0A72A34D908">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BBF6CE497CB736CFB760C90BA936C4BC" type="CLB-Dataset">26164</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2E294DB34AFCE546E2EE0B4CA9D3CA2E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="817A1F80B69029A3113202DD2719B9CD" type="GBIF-Dataset">812e0570-38c6-4f6e-840c-7d52d87a8c12</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D62B790C4672C255B43C84133C543763" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1BFCC6BF008C3E80915CB0062132FB95" type="PMC">PMC6910866</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3A2959500DEC9F55CF423AB0E632F911" type="PubMed">31712455</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3121E45252F7184F9E665A07CE00AEE6" type="Zenodo-Dep">3342161</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B506AEFEC7BFFF0A839D2B1A5990D1F2" type="ZooBank">B1690E30-EC81-46D3-881D-97648DDC7745</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="4148D2120409FF8AFF33FD79738415D7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5583279" ID-GBIF-Taxon="158725845" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5583279" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4148D2120409FF8AFF33FD79738415D7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4148D2120409FF8AFF33FD79738415D7" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<subSubSection id="81FB308F0409FF8AFF33FD79742612F8" box="[151,564,692,719]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF33FD79742612F8" blockId="89.[151,564,692,719]" box="[151,564,692,719]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<heading id="9216D4680409FF8AFF33FD79742612F8" bold="true" box="[151,564,692,719]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFF33FD79742612F8" ID-CoL="4KG8Y" ID-ENA="467001" authority="(Perrier, 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[151,564,692,719]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Plinthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dentatus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF33FD79742612F8" bold="true" box="[151,564,692,719]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF33FD79779212F8" bold="true" box="[151,384,692,719]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Plinthaster dentatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFE2AFD79743E12F8" author="Perrier" box="[398,556,692,719]" firstAuthor="Perrier" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="127 - 276" refId="ref196998" refString="Perrier, M. E. (1884) Memoire sur les etoiles de mer recueillis dans la Mer des Antilles et la Golfe de Mexique. Nouvelle Archives Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris, 6 (2), 127 - 276." type="journal article" year="1884">Perrier, 1884</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81FB308F0409FF8AFF33FD3477811325" box="[151,403,761,786]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF33FD3477811325" blockId="89.[151,1437,761,1000]" box="[151,403,761,786]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<heading id="9216D4680409FF8AFF33FD3477811325" bold="true" box="[151,403,761,786]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" reason="2">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF33FD3477811325" bold="true" box="[151,403,761,786]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
Reports for the
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE60409FF8AFEE4FD34779C1325" box="[320,398,761,786]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Azores</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81FB308F0409FF8AFF33FCD477F213DF" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF33FCD4747D1307" blockId="89.[151,1437,761,1000]" box="[151,623,790,816]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFF33FCD474781307" ID-CoL="76M5C" authority="$ Perrier, 1885 c: 35 - 36" authorityName="$ Perrier" authorityPageNumber="35" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,618,790,816]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Pentagonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF33FCD4776C1307" box="[151,382,792,816]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Pentagonaster grandis</emphasis>
<superScript id="3E94CE4C0409FF8AFE21FCDB779E1313" attach="right" box="[389,396,790,804]" fontSize="6" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">$</superScript>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFE28FCDA74781307" author="Perrier" box="[396,618,791,816]" firstAuthor="Perrier" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref197107" refString="Perrier, M. E. (1885 c) Premiere note preliminaire des les Echinodermes, recueillis durant les campagnes de dragages sous-marines du Travailleur et du Talisman. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, 22 (8), 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1885" yearSuffix="c">Perrier, 1885c: 3536</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF33FCFA7752135A" blockId="89.[151,1437,761,1000]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E9F1442A0409FF8AFF33FCFA7752135A" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFF33FCFA742E1378" ID-CoL="b52d8e96-ece0-4cdb-974e-ec70c3fbfab3" authority="Sladen, 1889: 265" authorityName="Sladen" authorityPageNumber="265" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,572,822,847]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Pentagonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perrieri">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF33FCFA776D1379" box="[151,383,823,846]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Pentagonaster perrieri</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="484045150409FF8AFE20FCFB742E1378" author="Sladen, W. P." box="[388,572,822,847]" page="265" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" year="1889">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFE20FCFB742E1378" author="Sladen" box="[388,572,822,847]" firstAuthor="Sladen" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref200640" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Report on the Asteroidea collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Challenger series of reports, Zoology, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen, 1889: 265</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<superScript id="3E94CE4C0409FF8AFDE2FCF9745F1375" attach="right" box="[582,589,820,834]" fontSize="6" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">$</superScript>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFDE9FCFB75201378" author="Perrier" box="[589,818,822,847]" firstAuthor="Perrier" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref197270" refString="Perrier, M. E. (1894) Stellerides. Expeditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman. Masson, Paris, 431 pp." type="book" year="1894">Perrier 1894: 391396</bibRefCitation>
;
<superScript id="3E94CE4C0409FF8AFC9FFCF975501375" attach="right" box="[827,834,820,834]" fontSize="6" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">$</superScript>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFCE6FCFB72081378" author="Koehler" box="[834,1050,822,847]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909: 8586</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 2, fig. 7;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFB3FFCFA738A1378" author="Mortensen" box="[1179,1432,823,847]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref192564" refString="Mortensen, T. (1927 a) Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles. Oxford University Press, viii + 471 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6841" type="book" year="1927" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1927a: 8384</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 46, 47;
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF33FCB9756913BB" blockId="89.[151,1437,761,1000]" box="[151,891,882,908]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E9F1442A0409FF8AFF33FCB9756913BB" box="[151,891,882,908]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFF33FCB974B013BB" ID-CoL="4KG95" authority="(Sladen, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Sladen" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,674,883,908]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Plinthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perrieri" subGenus="Pentagonaster">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF33FCB9741A13BB" box="[151,520,884,908]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Plinthaster (Pentagonaster) perrieri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFDB1FCBE748813BB" author="Sladen" box="[533,666,883,908]" firstAuthor="Sladen" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref200640" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Report on the Asteroidea collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Challenger series of reports, Zoology, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<superScript id="3E94CE4C0409FF8AFD19FCBF74D613B7" attach="right" box="[701,708,882,896]" fontSize="6" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">$</superScript>
<treatmentCitation id="484045150409FF8AFD60FCBE756413BB" author="Koehler, R." box="[708,886,883,908]" page="2" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" year="1921">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFD60FCBE756413BB" author="Koehler" box="[708,886,883,908]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref185986" refString="Koehler, R. (1921 a) Echinodermes (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides) des dernieres campagnes de la Princesse-Alice et de l' Hirondelle II. Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique de Monaco, 396, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1921" yearSuffix="a">Koehler 1921a: 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF33FC5E77F213DF" blockId="89.[151,1437,761,1000]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E9F1442A0409FF8AFF33FC5E77F213DF" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFF33FC5E77E9139C" ID-CoL="4KG8Y" authority="(Perrier, 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[151,507,914,939]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Plinthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dentatus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF33FC5E7776139C" box="[151,356,915,939]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Plinthaster dentatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFED5FC5F77E6139C" author="Perrier" box="[369,500,914,939]" firstAuthor="Perrier" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="127 - 276" refId="ref196998" refString="Perrier, M. E. (1884) Memoire sur les etoiles de mer recueillis dans la Mer des Antilles et la Golfe de Mexique. Nouvelle Archives Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris, 6 (2), 127 - 276." type="journal article" year="1884">Perrier, 1884</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFDB1FC5F7518139C" author="Halpern" box="[533,778,914,939]" firstAuthor="Halpern" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="193 - 286" refId="ref183301" refString="Halpern, J. A. (1970) Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) of the Straits of Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science, 20 (1), 193 - 286." type="journal article" year="1970">Halpern 1970: 244252</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 1719;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFC37FC5E7262139C" author="Downey" box="[915,1136,914,939]" firstAuthor="Downey" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 158" refId="ref179488" refString="Downey, M. E. (1973) Starfishes from the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 126, 1 - 158. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.126" type="journal article" year="1973">Downey 1973: 5253</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 19, figs. AB;
<treatmentCitation id="484045150409FF8AFA8AFC5E772213FE" author="Gage, J. D. &amp; Billett, D. S. M. &amp; Jensen, M. &amp; Tyler, P. A." page="280" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFA8AFC5E772213FE" author="Gage" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gage" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="263 - 308" refId="ref181395" refString="Gage, J. D., Billett, D. S. M., Jensen, M. &amp; Tyler, P. A. (1983) Echinoderms of the Rockall Trough and adjacent areas. I. Crinoidea, Asteroidea and Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 45, 263 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 28002" type="journal article" year="1983">
Gage
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFACEFC5E7384139C" box="[1386,1430,915,939]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. 1983: 280
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; A.M.
<treatmentCitation id="484045150409FF8AFED7FC7C749C13FD" author="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E." box="[371,654,945,970]" page="260" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFED7FC7C749C13FD" author="Clark &amp; Downey" box="[371,654,945,970]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref176986" refString="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Natural History Museum Publications. Chapman &amp; Hall, London, 794 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark &amp; Downey 1992: 260</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 61, figs. DE;
<treatmentCitation id="484045150409FF8AFCEFFC7C727213FE" author="Garcia-Diez, C. &amp; Porteiro, F. M. &amp; Meirinho, A. &amp; Cardigos, F. &amp; Tempera, F." box="[843,1120,945,970]" page="47" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFCEFFC7C727213FE" author="Garcia-Diez" box="[843,1120,945,970]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Garcia-Diez" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="35 - 59" refId="ref181624" refString="Garcia-Diez, C., Porteiro, F. M., Meirinho, A., Cardigos, F. &amp; Tempera, F. (2005) Taxonomic review of selected invertebrate groups collected during the Campaigns of the Prince Albert I of Monaco in the Azorean waters. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences, 22 A, 35 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">
García-Diez
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFC69FC7F75EB13FE" box="[973,1017,945,969]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. 2005: 47
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFBCFFC7C773113DF" author="Benavides-Serrato" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Benavides-Serrato" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref173554" refString="Benavides-Serrato, M., Borrero-Perez, G. H. &amp; Diaz-Sanchez, C. M. (2011) Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano I: Crinoidea, Asteroidea y Ophiuoridea. Vol. 22. Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemar, Santa Marta, 384 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Benavides-Serrato
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFA8FFC7F734A13FE" box="[1323,1368,945,969]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. 2011: 168169
</bibRefCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="484045150409FF8AFE89FC0277CE13DF" author="Dilman A. B." box="[301,476,975,1000]" page="33" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFE89FC0277CE13DF" author="Dilman" box="[301,476,975,1000]" firstAuthor="Dilman" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="25 - 42" refId="ref178863" refString="Dilman A. B. (2014) Deep-sea fauna of European seas: An annotated species check-list of benthic invertebrates living deeper than 2000 m in the seas bordering Europe. Asteroidea. Invertebrate Zoology, 11 (1), 25 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / invertzool. 11.1.05" type="journal article" year="2014">Dilman 2014: 33</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81FB308F0409FF8AFF33FBDB738415D7" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF33FBDB75521406" blockId="89.[151,1436,1045,1505]" box="[151,832,1045,1073]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<materialsCitation id="798969590409FF8AFF33FBDB752F1406" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2284837139" box="[151,829,1045,1073]" country="Grenada" latitude="12.05" location="Caribbean" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="-61.816666" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF33FBDB77291407" bold="true" box="[151,315,1045,1072]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<typeStatus id="165ADDA60409FF8AFF33FBDB76C61407" box="[151,212,1046,1072]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
off
<collectingCountry id="B1F623940409FF8AFECEFBDB77DE1407" box="[362,460,1046,1072]" name="Grenada" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Grenada</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="CC3E35DF0409FF8AFE73FBDB74581407" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4148D2120409FF8AFF33FD79738415D7:CC3E35DF0409FF8AFE73FBDB74581407" box="[471,586,1046,1072]" country="Grenada" latitude="12.05" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="-61.816666" name="Caribbean" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Caribbean</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C30409FF8AFDFEFBDB74AF1407" box="[602,701,1046,1072]" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" precision="925" value="12.05">12°03N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C30409FF8AFD6DFBDB75211406" box="[713,819,1046,1073]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" precision="925" value="-61.816666">61°49W</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF63FBF472F91463" blockId="89.[151,1436,1045,1505]" box="[199,1259,1081,1109]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF63FBF476EB1463" bold="true" box="[199,249,1081,1108]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">See:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFEA4FBF777BD1463" author="Halpern" box="[256,431,1082,1108]" firstAuthor="Halpern" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="193 - 286" refId="ref183301" refString="Halpern, J. A. (1970) Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) of the Straits of Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science, 20 (1), 193 - 286." type="journal article" year="1970">Halpern (1970)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFE1FFBF774FD1463" author="Sumida" box="[443,751,1082,1109]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Sumida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="11 - 40" refId="ref201716" refString="Sumida, P. Y. G., Tyler, P. A &amp; Billett, D. S. M (2001) Early juvenile development of deep-sea asteroids of the NE Atlantic Ocean, with notes on juvenile bathymetric distributions. Acta Zoologica, 82 (1), 11 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1463 - 6395.2001.00058. x" type="journal article" year="2001">
Sumida
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFDB3FBF6745A1463" box="[535,584,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. (2001: 2628
</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 9aE);
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFC20FBF772F41463" author="Benavides-Serrato" box="[900,1254,1082,1109]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Benavides-Serrato" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref173554" refString="Benavides-Serrato, M., Borrero-Perez, G. H. &amp; Diaz-Sanchez, C. M. (2011) Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano I: Crinoidea, Asteroidea y Ophiuoridea. Vol. 22. Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemar, Santa Marta, 384 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Benavides-Serrato
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFBFEFBF672991463" box="[1114,1163,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. (2011)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF63FB90733E14F7" blockId="89.[151,1436,1045,1505]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF63FB90774E144F" bold="true" box="[199,348,1117,1144]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Occurrence:</emphasis>
Atlantic, in the west from North Carolina (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFCC7FB93723A144E" author="Gray" box="[867,1064,1118,1145]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gray" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="127 - 163" refId="ref182667" refString="Gray, I. E., Downey, M. E. &amp; Cerame-Vivas, M. J. (1968) Sea stars of North Carolina. Fishery Bulletin, 67 (1), 127 - 163." type="journal article" year="1968">
Gray
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFC0CFB9275CF144F" box="[936,989,1118,1144]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. 1968
</bibRefCitation>
) southwards to Northern
<collectingCountry id="B1F623940409FF8AFAFCFB93738E144F" box="[1368,1436,1118,1144]" name="Brazil" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFF3BFB4F772E14AB" author="Halpern" box="[159,316,1154,1180]" firstAuthor="Halpern" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="193 - 286" refId="ref183301" refString="Halpern, J. A. (1970) Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) of the Straits of Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science, 20 (1), 193 - 286." type="journal article" year="1970">Halpern 1970</bibRefCitation>
) and in the east from the Rockall Trough (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFC82FB4F75F414AB" author="Gage" box="[806,998,1154,1181]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gage" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="263 - 308" refId="ref181395" refString="Gage, J. D., Billett, D. S. M., Jensen, M. &amp; Tyler, P. A. (1983) Echinoderms of the Rockall Trough and adjacent areas. I. Crinoidea, Asteroidea and Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 45, 263 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 28002" type="journal article" year="1983">
Gage
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFCCFFB4E758F14AB" box="[875,925,1154,1180]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. 1983
</bibRefCitation>
) south to the Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="B1F623940409FF8AFB7BFB4F732214AB" box="[1247,1328,1154,1180]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Guinea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFAE4FB4F76F314F6" author="Koehler" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="127 - 303" refId="ref185931" refString="Koehler, R. (1914 b) Echinoderma I: Asteroidea, ophiuroidea et Echnoidea. In: Michaelsen, W. (Ed.), Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas. 1 (2). L. Friederichsen &amp; Co., Hamburg, pp. 127 - 303." type="book chapter" year="1914" yearSuffix="b">Koehler 1914b</bibRefCitation>
), including the archipelagos of the Azores, Canaries and
<collectingCountry id="B1F623940409FF8AFCC4FB6B75F714F7" box="[864,997,1190,1216]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFC50FB6B728014F7" author="Koehler" box="[1012,1170,1190,1216]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFB39FB6B730D14F7" author="Grieg" box="[1181,1311,1190,1216]" firstAuthor="Grieg" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref183024" refString="Grieg, J. A. (1932) Echinodermata. Report of the scientific results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic deep sea expedition 1910, 3 (2), 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1932">Grieg 1932</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF63FB07730F14D3" blockId="89.[151,1436,1045,1505]" box="[199,1309,1225,1253]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF63FB07770814D3" bold="true" box="[199,282,1226,1252]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Depth:</emphasis>
229
<quantity id="0E19CEE10409FF8AFEFCFB0777A714D2" box="[344,437,1226,1253]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" unit="m" value="2.91">2,910 m</quantity>
(A.M.
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFDA3FB07751914D3" author="Clark &amp; Downey" box="[519,779,1226,1253]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref176986" refString="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Natural History Museum Publications. Chapman &amp; Hall, London, 794 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark &amp; Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC10409FF8AFCBBFB07754F14D3" box="[799,861,1226,1252]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">AZO</collectionCode>
:
<quantity id="0E19CEE10409FF8AFCC3FB04720214D2" box="[871,1040,1225,1253]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4175" metricValueMax="1.74" metricValueMin="1.095" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" unit="m" value="1.4175" valueMax="1.74" valueMin="1.095">
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C30409FF8AFCC3FB0475B714D3" box="[871,933,1225,1252]" degrees="1,095" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" precision="55" value="1.095">1,095</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C30409FF8AFC01FB0475E114D3" box="[933,1011,1225,1252]" degrees="1,740" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" precision="55" value="-1.74">1,740</geoCoordinate>
m
</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFBBAFB0772AE14D3" author="Koehler" box="[1054,1212,1226,1252]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFB63FB07730214D3" author="Koehler" box="[1223,1296,1226,1252]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref185986" refString="Koehler, R. (1921 a) Echinodermes (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides) des dernieres campagnes de la Princesse-Alice et de l' Hirondelle II. Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique de Monaco, 396, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1921" yearSuffix="a">1921a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF63FB207366153E" blockId="89.[151,1436,1045,1505]" box="[199,1396,1261,1289]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF63FB20773E153F" bold="true" box="[199,300,1261,1288]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Habitat:</emphasis>
muddy to sandy substrates (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFDCEFB23751B153F" author="Koehler" box="[618,777,1262,1288]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909</bibRefCitation>
); found also on
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFC19FB237233153F" box="[957,1057,1262,1288]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Lophelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFC19FB237233153F" box="[957,1057,1262,1288]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Lophelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
coral reefs (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFB0FFB237375153E" author="Gray" box="[1195,1383,1262,1289]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gray" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="127 - 163" refId="ref182667" refString="Gray, I. E., Downey, M. E. &amp; Cerame-Vivas, M. J. (1968) Sea stars of North Carolina. Fishery Bulletin, 67 (1), 127 - 163." type="journal article" year="1968">
Gray
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFB48FB22730F153F" box="[1260,1309,1262,1288]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. 1968
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E63040409FF8AFF63FADF738415D7" blockId="89.[151,1436,1045,1505]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF63FADF772F151B" bold="true" box="[199,317,1298,1324]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Remarks:</emphasis>
the highly variable
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFD82FADF7519151B" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[550,779,1298,1324]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Plinthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dentatus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFD82FADF7519151B" box="[550,779,1298,1324]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Plinthaster dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described under several different names through the years (see
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFEB4FAFB77BD1567" author="Halpern" box="[272,431,1334,1360]" firstAuthor="Halpern" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="193 - 286" refId="ref183301" refString="Halpern, J. A. (1970) Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) of the Straits of Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science, 20 (1), 193 - 286." type="journal article" year="1970">Halpern 1970</bibRefCitation>
). For example,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFDC5FAFB751F1567" author="Perrier" box="[609,781,1333,1360]" firstAuthor="Perrier" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref197107" refString="Perrier, M. E. (1885 c) Premiere note preliminaire des les Echinodermes, recueillis durant les campagnes de dragages sous-marines du Travailleur et du Talisman. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, 22 (8), 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1885" yearSuffix="c">Perrier (1885c)</bibRefCitation>
described a new species
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFB8AFAFA73221567" authorityName="$ Perrier" authorityYear="1885" box="[1070,1328,1334,1360]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Pentagonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFB8AFAFA73221567" box="[1070,1328,1334,1360]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Pentagonaster grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on specimens collected by
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFE0FFA9774011543" authorityName=", Koehler &amp; Vaney" authorityYear="1910" box="[427,531,1370,1396]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bursidae" genus="Talisman" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFE0FFA9774011543" box="[427,531,1370,1396]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Talisman</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in NW Africa and the
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE60409FF8AFC82FA97756B1543" box="[806,889,1370,1396]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Azores</collectingRegion>
. Soon after,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFBAAFA9772BD1543" author="Sladen" box="[1038,1199,1370,1396]" firstAuthor="Sladen" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref200640" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Report on the Asteroidea collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Challenger series of reports, Zoology, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen (1889)</bibRefCitation>
change the name of this species to
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFE99FAB2742C15AF" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[317,574,1407,1432]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Pentagonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perrieri">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFE99FAB2742C15AF" box="[317,574,1407,1432]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Pentagonaster perrieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as it could be confused with another goniasterid from the Australian waters known at the time as
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFEDAFA6E740A158B" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1847" box="[382,536,1442,1468]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Tosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFEDAFA6E740A158B" box="[382,536,1442,1468]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Tosia grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Later,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF50409FF8AFDCFFA6E7516158B" author="Farran" box="[619,772,1442,1469]" firstAuthor="Farran" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref180217" refString="Farran, G. P. (1913) The deep-water Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea and Echinoidea of the West Coast of Ireland. Department of Agriculture and technical instruction for Ireland, fisheries branch, scientific investigations, 6, 1 - 66. [1912]" type="journal article" year="1913">Farran (1913)</bibRefCitation>
proposed to synonymised
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFB8EFA6E728D158B" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[1066,1183,1443,1468]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Pentagonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perrieri">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFB8EFA6E728D158B" box="[1066,1183,1443,1468]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">P. perrieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the West Atlantic species
<taxonomicName id="0EE118870409FF8AFF4BFA0A777F15D7" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[239,365,1478,1505]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Plinthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dentatus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFF4BFA0A771215D7" box="[239,256,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="FB95BF160409FF8AFEAAFA0B777F15D7" box="[270,365,1478,1504]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the synonymy was only formally accepted in 1970, after the extensive review by Halpern.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>