399 lines
31 KiB
XML
399 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1111-43" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6E23DAFA45395554A61E23AD4B06AD68" ID-ZooBank="3FAAEA839E8141A99B868576F8A1F33A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1111-43" checkinTime="1657577097621" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Blahnik, Roger & Andersen, Trond" docDate="2022" docId="FB7C70F52A315DE1B915A9BA4402A8D7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1111: 43-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1111" docPubDate="2022-07-11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586" docTitle="Chimarra akana Gibbs 1973" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="6E23DAFA45395554A61E23AD4B06AD68" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="6E23DAFA45395554A61E23AD4B06AD68" masterDocTitle="New species of the genus Chimarra Stephens from Africa (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae) and characterization of the African groups and subgroups of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1657577401209" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species of the genus Chimarra Stephens from Africa (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae) and characterization of the African groups and subgroups of the genus</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Blahnik, Roger</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave., 219 Hodson Hall, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Andersen, Trond</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2201-1870</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, PO Box 7800, NO- 5020 Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">trond.andersen@uib.no</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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||
<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-07-11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1111</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>43</mods:start>
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<mods:end>198</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1111-43</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3FAAEA839E8141A99B868576F8A1F33A</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6E23DAFA45395554A61E23AD4B06AD68</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB7C70F52A315DE1B915A9BA4402A8D7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB7C70F52A315DE1B915A9BA4402A8D7" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName LSID="FB7C70F5-2A31-5DE1-B915-A9BA4402A8D7" authority="Gibbs, 1973" authorityName="Gibbs" authorityYear="1973" class="Insecta" family="Philopotamidae" genus="Chimarra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimarra akana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="akana">Chimarra akana Gibbs, 1973</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 15. Chimarra akana Gibbs, ♂ genitalia A lateral B dorsal, segments IX and X C inferior appendage, caudal D phallus, lateral E phallus apex, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/711481" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Fig. 15A-E</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gibbs" authorityYear="1973" class="Insecta" family="Philopotamidae" genus="Chimarra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimarra akana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="akana">Chimarra akana</taxonomicName>
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Gibbs, 1973: 366-367, figs 14-16.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gibbs" authorityYear="1973" class="Insecta" family="Philopotamidae" genus="Chimarra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimarra akana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="akana">Chimarra akana</taxonomicName>
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Gibbs:
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<bibRefCitation author="Marlier, G" journalOrPublisher="Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="61 - 64" refId="B54" refString="Marlier, G, 1980. Quelques Trichopteres africains appartenant zu Zoeologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam. Bulletin Zoeologisch Museum. Universiteit van Amsterdam 7: 61 - 64" title="Quelques Trichopteres africains appartenant zu Zoeologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam. Bulletin Zoeologisch Museum." volume="7" year="1980">Marlier 1980</bibRefCitation>
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: 62 (as possible synonym of
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<taxonomicName family="Philopotamidae" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. kenyana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="kenyana">C. kenyana</taxonomicName>
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Ulmer);
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<bibRefCitation author="Gibon, F-M" journalOrPublisher="Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="23 - 30" refId="B23" refString="Gibon, F-M, 1985. Recherches sur les Trichopteres d'Afrique Occidentale. 3. Philopotamidae de Cote d'Ivoire. Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale 18 (1): 23 - 30" title="Recherches sur les Trichopteres d'Afrique Occidentale. 3. Philopotamidae de Cote d'Ivoire." volume="18" year="1985">Gibon 1985</bibRefCitation>
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: 25, figs 7, 12 (distribution: Ivory Coast).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-11-05" collectorName="J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" county="Eastern Reg." latitude="6.1666665" location="Subri" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-0.55" municipality="Kibi" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="4">
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<collectingCountry name="Ghana">Ghana</collectingCountry>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<collectingCounty>Eastern Reg.</collectingCounty>
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</emphasis>
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●
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<specimenCount type="male">4♂♂</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingMunicipality>Kibi</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB7C70F52A315DE1B915A9BA4402A8D7:1EEE3CCD965D6622069D6704C7FF730C" country="Ghana" county="Eastern Reg." latitude="6.1666665" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-0.55" municipality="Kibi" name="Subri">Subri</location>
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stream;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.1666665">6°10'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="west" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-0.55">0°33'W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1993-11-05">5 Nov. 1993</collectingDate>
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||
;
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<collectorName>
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J
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
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</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1990-12-11" collectingMethod="light trap" collectorName="JS Amakye" country="Ghana" county="Reg." latitude="7.366667" location="River Menu" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="0.6" municipality="Kute" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Volta">
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<collectingMethod>light trap</collectingMethod>
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; ZMBN. -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<collectingRegion country="Ghana" name="Volta">Volta</collectingRegion>
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<collectingCounty>Reg.</collectingCounty>
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</emphasis>
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●
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingMunicipality>Kute</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB7C70F52A315DE1B915A9BA4402A8D7:8A58D34D6174DD29922D35091AFABD30" country="Ghana" county="Reg." latitude="7.366667" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="0.6" municipality="Kute" name="River Menu" stateProvince="Volta">River Menu</location>
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||
;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="7.366667">7°22'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="0.6">0°36'E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1990-12-11">11 Dec. 1990</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>JS Amakye</collectorName>
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leg.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-03-08" collectingDateMax="1993-03-11" collectingDateMin="1993-03-08" collectingMethod="light trap" collectorName="JS Amakye, J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" latitude="7.1247225" location="Agumatsa" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="0.5919444" municipality="Wli" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
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<collectingMethod>light trap</collectingMethod>
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; ZMBN ●
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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||
;
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<collectingMunicipality>Wli</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB7C70F52A315DE1B915A9BA4402A8D7:20F1EC8BD4194A5C9FCC1F9A85967281" country="Ghana" latitude="7.1247225" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="0.5919444" municipality="Wli" name="Agumatsa">Agumatsa</location>
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waterfall, station # 2A;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="29" value="7.1247225">7°07'29"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="0.5919444">0°35'31"E</geoCoordinate>
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||
;
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<collectingDate value="1993-03-08" valueMax="1993-03-11" valueMin="1993-03-08">8-11 Mar. 1993</collectingDate>
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||
;
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<collectorName>JS Amakye</collectorName>
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||
&
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||
<collectorName>
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||
J
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
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||
</collectorName>
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||
leg.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-11-17" collectingDateMax="1993-03-11" collectingDateMin="1993-03-08" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectorName="J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" latitude="7.1247225" location="Agumatsa" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="0.5919444" municipality="Wli" specimenCount="26" specimenCount-female="11" specimenCount-male="15">
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||
<collectingMethod>Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
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||
; ZMBN ●
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<specimenCount type="male">15♂♂</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount type="female">11♀♀</specimenCount>
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; same collection data as for preceding except station # 3;
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<collectingDate value="1993-11-17">17 Nov. 1993</collectingDate>
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||
;
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||
<collectorName>
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||
J
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
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||
</collectorName>
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||
leg.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-03-11" collectingDateMax="1993-03-11" collectingDateMin="1993-03-08" collectingMethod="light trap" collectorName="JS Amakye, J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" latitude="7.1247225" location="Agumatsa" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="0.5919444" municipality="Wli" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
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<collectingMethod>light trap</collectingMethod>
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||
; ZMBN ●
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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; same collection data as for preceding except station # 6;
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<collectingDate value="1993-03-11">11 Mar. 1993</collectingDate>
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||
;
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<collectorName>JS Amakye</collectorName>
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&
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||
<collectorName>
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J
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
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</collectorName>
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leg.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-11-19" collectingDateMax="1993-03-11" collectingDateMin="1993-03-08" collectorName="J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" latitude="7.1247225" location="Agumatsa" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="0.5919444" municipality="Wli" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
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ZMBN ●
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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; same collection data as for preceding except station # 10;
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<collectingDate value="1993-11-19">19 Nov. 1993</collectingDate>
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||
;
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<collectorName>
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J
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
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</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-12-05" collectingDateMax="1993-03-11" collectingDateMin="1993-03-08" collectorName="J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" latitude="7.1247225" location="Agumatsa" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="0.5919444" municipality="Wli" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="10">
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UMSP ●
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<specimenCount type="male">10♂♂</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
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; same collection data as for preceding except station # 15;
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<collectingDate value="1993-12-05">5 Dec. 1993</collectingDate>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-12-09" collectingDateMax="1993-03-11" collectingDateMin="1993-03-08" collectorName="J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" latitude="7.1247225" location="Agumatsa" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="0.5919444" municipality="Wli" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
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ZMBN ●
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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; same collection data as for preceding except station # 19;
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<collectingDate value="1993-12-09">9 Dec. 1993</collectingDate>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-12-06" collectingDateMax="1993-12-12" collectingDateMin="1993-12-06" collectorName="T Andersen, J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" latitude="5.25" location="Ankasa Game Production Reserve" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-2.6166668" municipality="Western Reg." specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
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ZMBN. -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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||
<collectingMunicipality>Western Reg.</collectingMunicipality>
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</emphasis>
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●
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||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB7C70F52A315DE1B915A9BA4402A8D7:59C8F9C826AF5A9BD352FBF41116EDB2" country="Ghana" latitude="5.25" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-2.6166668" municipality="Western Reg." name="Ankasa Game Production Reserve">Ankasa Game Production Reserve</location>
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||
;
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="5.25">5°15'N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-2.6166668">2°37'W</geoCoordinate>
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||
;
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||
<collectingDate value="1993-12-06" valueMax="1993-12-12" valueMin="1993-12-06">6-12 Dec. 1993</collectingDate>
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||
;
|
||
<collectorName>T Andersen</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>
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||
J
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
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||
leg.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-03-11" collectingDateMax="1993-12-12" collectingDateMin="1993-12-06" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectorName="J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" latitude="5.25" location="Ankasa Game Production Reserve" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-2.6166668" municipality="Western Reg." specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
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||
<collectingMethod>Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
; ZMBN ●
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||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding except
|
||
<collectingDate value="1993-03-11">11 Mar. 1993</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
J
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-12-05" collectingDateMax="1993-12-09" collectingDateMin="1993-12-05" collectingMethod="light trap" collectorName="T Andersen, J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" latitude="5.25" location="Ankasa Game Production Reserve" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-2.6166668" municipality="Western Reg." specimenCount="13" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="10">
|
||
<collectingMethod>light trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
; ZMBN ●
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">10♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding except
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||
<collectingDate value="1993-12-05" valueMax="1993-12-09" valueMin="1993-12-05">5-9 Dec. 1993</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>T Andersen</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
J
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjærandsen">Kjaerandsen</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-12-19" collectingDateMax="1993-12-09" collectingDateMin="1993-12-05" collectorName="T Andersen & J Kjaerandsen" country="Ghana" latitude="5.25" location="Ankasa Game Production Reserve" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-2.6166668" municipality="Western Reg." specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
ZMBN ●
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding except
|
||
<collectingDate value="1993-12-19">19 Dec. 1993</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; UMSP.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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Characters, in combination, that confirm the identification and can be used to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Philopotamidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. akana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="akana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C. akana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other species in the subgroup include: the general shape and length of tergum X and position and length of digitate dorsal process; overall shape and length of inferior appendage and shape of apex in lateral view (orientation of appendage is slightly more bowed outward in specimen from Ghana); general shape of segment IX and length and shape of ventral process; details of phallus, especially the pair of curved ventral spines and upturned dorsal apex of phallobase.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||
The form illustrated here (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 15. Chimarra akana Gibbs, ♂ genitalia A lateral B dorsal, segments IX and X C inferior appendage, caudal D phallus, lateral E phallus apex, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/711481" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">15A-E</figureCitation>
|
||
) closely matches the illustration provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gibon, F-M" journalOrPublisher="Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="23 - 30" refId="B23" refString="Gibon, F-M, 1985. Recherches sur les Trichopteres d'Afrique Occidentale. 3. Philopotamidae de Cote d'Ivoire. Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale 18 (1): 23 - 30" title="Recherches sur les Trichopteres d'Afrique Occidentale. 3. Philopotamidae de Cote d'Ivoire." volume="18" year="1985">Gibon (1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 7-8). As compared to the illustration of the species provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4810200410" author="Gibbs, DG" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B21" refString="Gibbs, DG, 1973. The Trichoptera of Ghana. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 20(4/5): 363-425. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4810200410" title="The Trichoptera of Ghana. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 20 (4 / 5): 363 - 425." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4810200410" year="1973">Gibbs (1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig.16), the apex of the inferior appendage appears to be more sinuate. This is probably a matter of the orientation of the structure when illustrated (more or less caudal in the specimen illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gibon, F-M" journalOrPublisher="Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="23 - 30" refId="B23" refString="Gibon, F-M, 1985. Recherches sur les Trichopteres d'Afrique Occidentale. 3. Philopotamidae de Cote d'Ivoire. Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale 18 (1): 23 - 30" title="Recherches sur les Trichopteres d'Afrique Occidentale. 3. Philopotamidae de Cote d'Ivoire." volume="18" year="1985">Gibon (1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 8), and more ventral in the specimen illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4810200410" author="Gibbs, DG" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B21" refString="Gibbs, DG, 1973. The Trichoptera of Ghana. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 20(4/5): 363-425. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4810200410" title="The Trichoptera of Ghana. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 20 (4 / 5): 363 - 425." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4810200410" year="1973">Gibbs (1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig.16). For now, we accept
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gibon’s">Gibon's</normalizedToken>
|
||
illustration as representing this species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Marlier, G" journalOrPublisher="Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="61 - 64" refId="B54" refString="Marlier, G, 1980. Quelques Trichopteres africains appartenant zu Zoeologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam. Bulletin Zoeologisch Museum. Universiteit van Amsterdam 7: 61 - 64" title="Quelques Trichopteres africains appartenant zu Zoeologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam. Bulletin Zoeologisch Museum." volume="7" year="1980">Marlier (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who synonymized
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Philopotamidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. wittei" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="wittei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C. wittei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Jacquemart with
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Philopotamidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. kenyana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="kenyana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C. kenyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ulmer, also suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Philopotamidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. akana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="akana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C. akana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be synonym of this species. Both of these species would have name priority over
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Philopotamidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. akana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="akana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C. akana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Unfortunately, the illustrations provided for the species do not provide enough details to make an informed conclusion. The issue, including the synonymy made by Marlier, should be addressed in a future revision of the subgroup.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1111.77586.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/711481" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Figure 15" startId="F14">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gibbs" authorityYear="1973" class="Insecta" family="Philopotamidae" genus="Chimarra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimarra akana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="akana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Chimarra akana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gibbs, ♂ genitalia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">A</emphasis>
|
||
lateral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">B</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal, segments IX and X
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C</emphasis>
|
||
inferior appendage, caudal
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">D</emphasis>
|
||
phallus, lateral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">E</emphasis>
|
||
phallus apex, ventral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Diagnostic features of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Philopotamidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. akana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="akana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C. akana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include, in particular, the shape of the inferior appendages which are relatively narrow and strongly bowed, with the apex somewhat narrowed and upturned, as viewed caudally, with the relatively elongate dorsal sensilla-bearing lobes of tergum X and the phallic armature, which includes a pair of ventrally curved spines near the base of the endotheca and also a pair of very narrow spines apically, in addition to the phallotremal sclerite complex. The dorsal margin of the phallobase is also somewhat produced and upturned apically, but only weakly sclerotized, so the feature may not always be evident. As in all species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Burmeister, 1839" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Philopotamidae" genus="Chimarrha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimarrha kenyana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Chimarrha kenyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subgroup, the shape of the genital capsule and ventral process of segment IX are also important considerations in making species determinations, even if these features are not absolutely consistent. Compared to other species in the subgroup,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Philopotamidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. akana" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="akana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C. akana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a relatively short segment IX, with the anteroventral margin produced and a narrow, posteriorly projecting ventral process.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="redescription">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Redescription.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Adult.</emphasis>
|
||
Overall color (in alcohol) nearly uniformly yellowish brown. Head relatively short (postocular parietal sclerite <1/2 diameter of eye). Palps moderately elongate; maxillary palp with 1st segment very short (slightly longer than wide), 2nd segment short (~ 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1st), apex with small cluster of stiff setae, 3rd segment elongate (~
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="1½">11/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2nd), 4th segment short (slightly shorter than 2nd), 5th segment elongate (subequal to 3rd). Forewing length: male, 4.5-5.2 mm; female, 4.8-5.8 mm. Fore- and hind wings with forks I, II, III, and V present. Forewing with R1 somewhat sinuous, stem of Rs inflected at approximately midlength, with distinct node at inflection, extending into cell below, basal fork of discoidal cell enlarged, fork asymmetric, length of cell ~ 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
width, forks I and II slightly subsessile,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">r</emphasis>
|
||
crossvein diagonal, intersecting discoidal cell at past midlength, just before fork I,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
|
||
crossvein proximal to
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">s</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">r-m</emphasis>
|
||
crossveins,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">s</emphasis>
|
||
pigmented (like wing),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">r-m</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
|
||
crossveins hyaline, 2A with crossvein (apparently forked apically to 1A and 3A). Hind wing with R1 narrowly parallel to subcosta, forks I and II subsessile. Foreleg with apical tibial spur short; male with foretarsi modified, claws enlarged, outer claw twisted and asymmetrical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Segment VIII relatively short, sternum and tergum subequal in length. Segment IX, in lateral view, relatively short, anterior margin distinctly produced and rounded in ventral
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
|
||
, dorsolaterally with broad, weakly developed, apodeme; tergum continuous dorsally, forming concave excavation between lateral apodemes; posterior margin very weakly produced below preanal appendage, widening ventrally to level of inferior appendage; ventral margin rounded between anteroventral production and inferior appendage, ventral process midway between, short, narrow, acute apically. Segment IX, in dorsal or ventral views, with anteroventral margin deeply concave mesally. Lateral lobes of tergum X relatively elongate, subtruncately rounded apically, with moderately elongate, digitate, sensilla-bearing process from dorsal margin in basal half; mesal lobe of tergum X elongate, membranous, somewhat shorter than lateral lobes. Preanal appendages small, rounded, constricted basally. Inferior appendage, in lateral view, relatively elongate, narrow, strongly dorsally flexed near base, apex somewhat narrowed, rounded as viewed laterally, with sinuous dorsal inflection as viewed caudally; appendage, in caudal view, very strongly mesally curved. Phallic apparatus with phallobase tubular, with usual basodorsal expansion, apicoventral margin weakly projecting, dorsal margin somewhat extended, weakly sclerotized, with apex slightly upturned; endotheca with pair of prominent, symmetrical, ventrally curved spines basoventrally, and pair of very narrow, needle-like spines apically; phallotremal sclerite complex composed of moderately elongate rod and ring structure, with relatively elongate, paired apicolateral sclerites, each terminating in a distinct short spine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Ghana, Ivory Coast.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |