177 lines
21 KiB
XML
177 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="E7AFA2AD9845816A70710BDFF6E9AEB2" ID-DOI="10.24199/j.mmv.2017.76.01" ID-ISSN="1447-2554" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12209231" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7B3010E9-5D84-40B6-9A3E-4E7C6761BA05" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1718989452127" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Martin F., Martin F." docDate="2017" docId="2400EF32FFF2FFE47FD0FF60FC4AFCF9" docLanguage="en" docName="MemMusVictoria.76.1-111.pdf" docOrigin="Memoirs of Museum Victoria 76" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2017.76.01" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5B3B5C052A93BFEEE334AD6097A94E45.2:MemMusVictoria.2003-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="5B3B5C052A93BFEEE334AD6097A94E45" docStyleName="MemMusVictoria.2003-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Choerodon rubescens" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="D839974AFFEDFFFB7F43FF85FFDFFF95" masterDocTitle="A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="111" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1718996391625" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="A6C688829D9215BA704B31673B5F8C7D">A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1720C78A5A429E4A035400FF6428530F">Martin F., Martin F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="06DF829D919E8F048CF4AD71E92F79B6">Memoirs of Museum Victoria</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="50F0C7C1FF93C5ED1D14E1ED95A1D559">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="2400EF32FFF2FFE47FD0FF60FC4AFCF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2400EF32FFF2FFE47FD0FF60FC4AFCF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2400EF32FFF2FFE47FD0FF60FC4AFCF9" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="E4B30DAFFFF2FFE47FD0FF60FE95FE8D" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47FD0FF60FDC4FF6E" blockId="31.[147,539,229,280]" box="[147,539,229,251]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="F75EE948FFF2FFE47FD0FF60FDC4FF6E" box="[147,539,229,251]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="6BA925A7FFF2FFE47FD0FF60FDC4FF6E" ID-CoL="69Z2Z" authority="(Gunther, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[147,539,229,251]" family="Labridae" genus="Choerodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubescens">
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<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47FD0FF60FEA7FF6E" bold="true" box="[147,376,229,251]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Choerodon rubescens</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C83823D5FFF2FFE47EC7FF60FDCAFF6E" author="Gunther, A." box="[388,533,229,251]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 534" refId="ref62394" refString="Gunther, A. 1862. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Acanthopterygii, Pharyngognathi and Anacanthini in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum: London. i - xxi + 1 - 534." type="book chapter" year="1862">Günther, 1862</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47FD0FE87FE95FE8D" blockId="31.[147,539,229,280]" box="[147,330,258,280]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="F75EE948FFF2FFE47FD0FE87FE95FE8D" bold="true" box="[147,330,258,280]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47FD0FE87FE95FE8D" bold="true" box="[147,330,258,280]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Baldchin Groper</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="F8D60EACFFF2FFE47FD0FEAAFE3CFED0" box="[147,483,303,325]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[147,223,303,325]" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47FD0FEAAFE3CFED0" blockId="31.[147,483,303,325]" box="[147,483,303,325]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figures 10, 12; table 3; appendix.</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="E4B30DAFFFF2FFE47FFAFEDFFE92FE1D" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47FFAFEDFFCD5FEF8" blockId="31.[147,778,346,392]" box="[185,778,346,366]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8CB9790AFFF2FFE47FFAFEDFFCD5FEF8" box="[185,778,346,366]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitation id="2D087835FFF2FFE47FFAFEDFFDE5FEFB" author="Gunther, A." box="[185,570,346,366]" page="97" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1862">
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<taxonomicName id="6BA925A7FFF2FFE47FFAFEDFFDE5FEFB" ID-CoL="5XYRF" authority="Gunther, 1862: 97" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="97" authorityYear="1862" box="[185,570,346,366]" family="Labridae" genus="Choerops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubescens">
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<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47FFAFEDFFEA4FEF8" box="[185,379,346,365]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Choerops rubescens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C83823D5FFF2FFE47ECBFEDFFDE5FEFB" author="Gunther, A." box="[392,570,346,366]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 534" refId="ref62394" refString="Gunther, A. 1862. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Acanthopterygii, Pharyngognathi and Anacanthini in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum: London. i - xxi + 1 - 534." type="book chapter" year="1862">Günther, 1862: 97</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, Houtmans Abrolhos
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47FD0FEF0FE92FE1D" blockId="31.[147,778,346,392]" box="[147,333,373,392]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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(
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<collectingRegion id="6E6D90C6FFF2FFE47FDAFEF0FE9CFE1D" box="[153,323,373,392]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E4B30DAFFFF2FFE47FD0FE25FC4AFCF9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47FD0FE25FDB5FAD7" blockId="31.[146,779,416,1433]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47FD0FE25FF21FE20" box="[147,254,416,437]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Dorsal fin rays XIII, 7; anal fin rays III, 10; pectoral fin rays ii, 16, rarely 15, dorsalmost ray dorsalmost ray of moderate length 26.8–50.3% pectoral fin length, ventralmost rays shorter than those above, posterior edge of fin obliquely straight, dorsoposterior corner bluntly pointed, posteroventral corner angular; body deep, 38.1–42.6% SL, head depth 29.8–36.1% SL, caudal peduncle depth 13.4–16.5% SL; head bluntly pointed, dorsal profile of snout steep, snout length 12.3–18.2% SL; predorsal scales approximately 5–8, variably reaching forward on dorsal midline not quite to or in advance of posterior edge of preopercle; cheek with small embedded scales in about 4–6 diagonal rows, posteriormost with about 10 scales to upper extent of free preopercular edge, reaching forward only slightly in advance of preopercular corner, with very broad naked margin posteriorly and ventrally on preopercle; 2 or 3 rows of 3–6 small scales (only 1 or 2 scales in second and third rows when present) on subopercle adjacent preopercular edge extending forward only slightly in advance of preopercular corner; each lateral line scale with multiple branching laterosensory canal tube; scales above lateral line about 4½; cephalic sensory canal pores extremely numerous on top of head and anteroventral to eye, continuing onto cheek; second pair of canines in lower jaw directed mostly dorsally, little laterally; dorsal and anal fins with very low basal sheath comprising 1–3 progressively smaller accessory scales at deepest; posterior lobe of dorsal and anal fins reaching hypural crease, not reaching crease in small individuals; caudal fin truncate to slightly rounded, upper and lower corners rounded, only barely produced at most in large individuals; pelvic fin to just beyond or just short of anus, length 20.1–23.9% SL. (See
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<tableCitation id="E12B6B9FFFF2FFE47D81FB51FCD5FB7C" box="[706,778,1236,1258]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="12.[137,192,424,448]" captionText="Table 3. Ranges for selected counts and proportional measurements in species of the subgenus Choerodon. “N” designates number of counts or measurements.Aberrant values enclosed by parentheses." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Table 3</tableCitation>
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for additional meristic and morphometric ranges.) Adults pink to dark blue with white underside of head below mouth and prominent white spot covering pectoral fin base.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="F8D60EACFFF2FFE47C72FC5EFB5FFC64" box="[817,1152,987,1009]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[817,893,987,1009]" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47C72FC5EFB5FFC64" blockId="31.[817,1152,987,1009]" box="[817,1152,987,1009]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figures 13–15; table 3; appendix.</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47FFAFACCFE4AFA0C" blockId="31.[146,779,416,1433]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Reaches large maximum size, largest specimen examined
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<quantity id="6B51F3C1FFF2FFE47FD7FAE3FF39FAE9" box="[148,230,1382,1404]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.21" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="521.0">521 mm</quantity>
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SL, but reported in the literature to
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<quantity id="6B51F3C1FFF2FFE47D1DFAE3FD41FAE9" box="[606,670,1382,1404]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="cm" value="90.0">90 cm</quantity>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="C83823D5FFF2FFE47DEFFAE3FE56FA0C" author="Hutchins, B. & Swainston, R." pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref62769" refString="Hutchins, B., and Swainston, R. 1986. Sea Fishes of Southern Australia. Swainston Publishing: Perth. 180 pp." type="book" year="1986">Hutchins & Swainston, 1986: 901</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47FD0FA35FCD8F98B" blockId="31.[147,778,1456,1566]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47FD0FA35FE59FA50" box="[147,390,1456,1477]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pigmentation in alcohol.</emphasis>
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Juveniles pale dusky, lower half of side and anal fin slightly darker. Adults dusky; underside of head below gape angled posteroventrally to opercular edge stark white; large white blotch covering pectoral fin base. Fins mostly dusky.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47FD0F9B1FE68F911" blockId="31.[147,779,1588,1903]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47FD0F9B1FEC1F9DC" box="[147,286,1588,1609]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fresh colours</emphasis>
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. Juveniles yellow to grey, underside of trunk and tail sometimes black (fig. 12A); pectoral fin yellow (
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<bibRefCitation id="C83823D5FFF2FFE47DEEF9D4FE89F910" author="Hutchins, B. & Swainston, R." pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref62769" refString="Hutchins, B., and Swainston, R. 1986. Sea Fishes of Southern Australia. Swainston Publishing: Perth. 180 pp." type="book" year="1986">Hutchins & Swainston, 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 491).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47FFAF909FD21F882" blockId="31.[147,779,1588,1903]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Initial phase adults pink with abruptly white underside of head below level of upper jaw and white oval spot covering pectoral fin base (fig. 12B); fins of similar colour with narrow blue distal margins (
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<bibRefCitation id="C83823D5FFF2FFE47E2CF961FE33F96F" author="Allen, G. R." box="[367,492,1764,1786]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="2207 - 2534" refId="ref60777" refString="Allen, G. R. 1985. Fishes of Western Australia. Book 9. In: Burgess, W. E., and Axelrod, H. R. (eds), Pacific marine fishes. Tropical Fish Hobbiest: Neptune City, New Jersey. 2207 - 2534, 526 figs." type="journal article" year="1985">Allen, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 328;
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<bibRefCitation id="C83823D5FFF2FFE47D1AF961FCD9F96F" author="Kuiter, R. H." box="[601,774,1764,1786]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref63092" refString="Kuiter, R. H. 2010. Labridae fishes: Wrasses. Aquatic Photographics: Seaford, Australia, 398 pp." type="book" year="2010">Kuiter, 2010: 56</bibRefCitation>
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, bottom of page fig. A; Fairclough, personal communication).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47FFAF89BFE02F8FB" blockId="31.[147,779,1588,1903]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Terminal phase adults similar to initial phase adults but blue to grey overall (fig. 12C;
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<bibRefCitation id="C83823D5FFF2FFE47E9AF8B9FD88F8C7" author="Allen, G. R." box="[473,599,1852,1874]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="2207 - 2534" refId="ref60777" refString="Allen, G. R. 1985. Fishes of Western Australia. Book 9. In: Burgess, W. E., and Axelrod, H. R. (eds), Pacific marine fishes. Tropical Fish Hobbiest: Neptune City, New Jersey. 2207 - 2534, 526 figs." type="journal article" year="1985">Allen, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 329;
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<bibRefCitation id="C83823D5FFF2FFE47D87F8B9FF33F8FA" author="Kuiter, R. H." pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref63092" refString="Kuiter, R. H. 2010. Labridae fishes: Wrasses. Aquatic Photographics: Seaford, Australia, 398 pp." type="book" year="2010">Kuiter, 2010: 56</bibRefCitation>
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, bottom of page fig. C).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47C14FF60FAB5FEA1" blockId="31.[817,1447,229,309]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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||
<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47C14FF60FC13FF6F" box="[855,972,229,250]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The name
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<taxonomicName id="6BA925A7FFF2FFE47B79FF60FB7EFF6F" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1862" box="[1082,1185,229,250]" family="Labridae" genus="Choerops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubescens">
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<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47B79FF60FB7EFF6F" box="[1082,1185,229,250]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">rubescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is from the Latin
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<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47A16FF60FA79FF6F" box="[1365,1446,229,250]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">rubesco</emphasis>
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for “reddish”, in reference to the reddish ground colour of the
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<typeStatus id="7312E086FFF2FFE47C71FEA5FC80FEA0" box="[818,863,288,309]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
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specimen (
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<bibRefCitation id="C83823D5FFF2FFE47C90FE9AFBA4FEA0" author="Kuiter, R. H." box="[979,1147,287,309]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref63092" refString="Kuiter, R. H. 2010. Labridae fishes: Wrasses. Aquatic Photographics: Seaford, Australia, 398 pp." type="book" year="2010">Kuiter, 2010: 56</bibRefCitation>
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, bottom of page fig. B).
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47C72FECEFAFCFD9A" blockId="31.[817,1448,331,527]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47C72FECEFC69FEF5" box="[817,950,331,352]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Distribution.</emphasis>
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This Western Australian endemic is the most temperate member of the genus on Australia’s west coast with the most restricted distribution confined to the region from Shark
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<collectingRegion id="6E6D90C6FFF2FFE47C3BFE26FC40FE2D" box="[888,927,419,440]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Bay</collectingRegion>
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to Garden Island, south-west of Perth (fig. 10). Smaller individuals occur on shallow sand and inshore reefs, while large adults are usually found on deeper reefs at depths of
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<quantity id="6B51F3C1FFF2FFE47C0EFE7CFC44FD9A" box="[845,923,505,527]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="17.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="4.0">4–30 m</quantity>
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(Hutchins, 1979: 71;
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<bibRefCitation id="C83823D5FFF2FFE47B31FE7CFAC8FD9A" author="Kuiter, R. H." box="[1138,1303,505,527]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref63092" refString="Kuiter, R. H. 2010. Labridae fishes: Wrasses. Aquatic Photographics: Seaford, Australia, 398 pp." type="book" year="2010">Kuiter, 2010: 56</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47C72FDA3FBFDFD3A" blockId="31.[816,1449,549,803]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47C72FDA3FC43FDAE" box="[817,924,550,571]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Comments</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="1CC15479FFF2FFE47CE9FDA0FBC1FD3A" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="BMNH 1844.2" specimenCount="2">
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The
|
||
<typeStatus id="7312E086FFF2FFE47C9AFDA3FBDAFDAE" box="[985,1029,550,571]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C83823D5FFF2FFE47B6BFDA0FB0EFDAE" author="Gunther, A." box="[1064,1233,549,571]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="99 - 104" refId="ref62441" refString="Gunther, A. 1867. Descriptions of some new or little-known species of fishes in the collection of the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1867 (1): 99 - 104, pl. 10." type="journal article" year="1867">Günther’s (1867)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BA925A7FFF2FFE47B9AFDA0FA77FDAF" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1862" box="[1241,1448,549,570]" family="Labridae" genus="Choerops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47B9AFDA0FA77FDAF" box="[1241,1448,549,570]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Choerops rubescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a dry skin (
|
||
<specimenCode id="FC0FF65FFFF2FFE47C90FDC7FBABFDCD" box="[979,1140,578,600]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">BMNH 1844.2</specimenCode>
|
||
.15.68,
|
||
<quantity id="6B51F3C1FFF2FFE47B83FDC7FAC5FDCD" box="[1216,1306,578,600]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.79" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="279.0">279 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL) with 15 branched pectoral fin rays that matches the original description.
|
||
<typeStatus id="7312E086FFF2FFE47C72FDF9FC03FD07" box="[817,988,636,658]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Other specimens</typeStatus>
|
||
of this species examined in the course of the study regularly have 16
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47C14FD33FBA3FCB6" blockId="31.[816,1449,549,803]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">This species takes its vernacular name Baldchin Groper from its stark white lower jaw that along with its white pectoral fin base stands out against the uniform, often dark colouration of the remaining head and body.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC165E24FFF2FFE47C72FCBCFC4AFCF9" blockId="31.[817,1447,825,876]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EDD8236FFF2FFE47C72FCBCFBDCFCDB" box="[817,1027,825,846]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="BAAF95ADFFF2FFE47B53FCBCFB7CFCDA" box="[1040,1187,825,847]" count="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">15 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="6B51F3C1FFF2FFE47BF6FCBCFA97FCDA" box="[1205,1352,825,847]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.877" metricValueMax="5.21" metricValueMin="0.5439999999999999" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="287.7" valueMax="521.0" valueMin="54.4">54.4–521 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL; see appendix.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |