316 lines
52 KiB
XML
316 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="7F6CAD0D14C43BE2B1ED45B38D9E71E3" ID-CLB-Dataset="5699" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4985.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dd87a498-2d4d-4766-a05e-adddbd39b085" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956227" ID-ZooBank="E79EF7A4-F30F-4BC3-98F6-429EEDE4E0EA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623758937829" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Vishnudattan, N. K., Nandan, S. Bijoy, Hansen, J. G. & Jayachandran, P. R." docDate="2021" docId="1A7C8791FFC0624CFF2C5938FCECBB1F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4985.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4985 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stygarctus keralensis Vishnudattan, Bijoy Nandan, Hansen & Jayachandran 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="388" masterDocId="E645FFE9FFC2624BFFBB581FFFBFB826" masterDocTitle="A new Tardigrade species, Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov. (Arthrotardigrada Stygarctidae) from the intertidal zone of Southwest coast of India" masterLastPageNumber="391" masterPageNumber="381" pageNumber="383" updateTime="1699016642953" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="23BB54F8A0302AEBC9A6925518B9FBCD">A new Tardigrade species, Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov. (Arthrotardigrada Stygarctidae) from the intertidal zone of Southwest coast of India</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DE10859125F9C1784ADBD681F2E7C0E7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="083E0601EF4EA964E1645465CD23D518">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3240F539B675CF1C59FA15599E16FC09">Vishnudattan, N. K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="69F1377AF5A8779153718B13196E540B">Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science & Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Cochin 682016, Kerala, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="15CEC1B31E823A413113BDC8CDF0DD56">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BD0C9BDBDCA613E2751BFABA3A4D226D">Nandan, S. Bijoy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4E1EFA24E58AE06813E49C35E07A1C58">Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science & Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Cochin 682016, Kerala, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="AEFEB822AFCDE13E5DDCA09E1D144E36">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D642314B14AE6878C330697936624CB3">Hansen, J. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C3260A28999715EF971802C66B4639E8" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0054-0237</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB4D2DB0F3B7656C2DF9CE031B93BD26">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. jesperguldberg @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0054 - 0237</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4735B27E7FCAB74E0417A77546C3FDDA" type="email">jesperguldberg@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C7F88124843970A818320AE53C86E14D">Jayachandran, P. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3411133D00D6018D1776F337F283FB6E">Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science & Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Cochin 682016, Kerala, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="F706C574AB21345AB453A3F071276012">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5D35DA5681D42379FF51F5813F87B389">
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<mods:date id="731E3BC6B135DBA3F865549B727DD861">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="59B70F8726FC36D7FAF96063E8C8BF2A">2021-06-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AFBD16813F16E03600F8374F68A82156">4985</mods:number>
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<treatment id="1A7C8791FFC0624CFF2C5938FCECBB1F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5074173" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183331178" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5074173" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A7C8791FFC0624CFF2C5938FCECBB1F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A7C8791FFC0624CFF2C5938FCECBB1F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="388" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
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<subSubSection id="DACF650CFFC06249FF2C5938FB3CB967" box="[151,1155,295,322]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="926A3687FFC06249FF2C5938FB3CB967" blockId="2.[151,1155,295,357]" box="[151,1155,295,322]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
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<heading id="C92281EBFFC06249FF2C5938FB3CB967" bold="true" box="[151,1155,295,322]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FF2C5938FB3CB967" bold="true" box="[151,1155,295,322]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
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<taxonomicName id="55D54D04FFC06249FF2C5938FB9DB967" ID-CoL="3a6c0b69-5034-4a18-acf8-e7270c4fe7cf" authority="Vishnudattan, Bijoy Nandan, Hansen & Jayachandran" authorityName="Vishnudattan, Bijoy Nandan, Hansen & Jayachandran" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,1058,295,322]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Stygarctidae" genus="Stygarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="keralensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FF2C5938FE32B964" bold="true" box="[151,397,295,322]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Stygarctus keralensis</emphasis>
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Vishnudattan, Bijoy Nandan, Hansen & Jayachandran
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BB9257EEFFC06249FB925938FB3CB967" box="[1065,1155,295,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DACF650CFFC06249FF2C5954FECDB943" box="[151,370,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="description">
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<paragraph id="926A3687FFC06249FF2C5954FECDB943" blockId="2.[151,1155,295,357]" box="[151,370,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
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<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FF2C5954FF1FB943" bold="true" box="[151,160,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">(</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC06249FF1A5954FEB4B943" box="[161,267,331,357]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStart-5="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,250,637,661]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionStartId-4="6.[151,250,968,992]" captionStartId-5="6.[151,250,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox-0="[247,1341,192,1903]" captionTargetBox-1="[286,1301,193,1840]" captionTargetBox-2="[158,1428,187,607]" captionTargetBox-3="[153,1435,794,1703]" captionTargetBox-4="[180,1408,184,940]" captionTargetBox-5="[177,1410,1053,1916]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@3.[233,1354,179,1917]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@4.[274,1313,181,1850]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,613]" captionTargetId-3="figure-86@5.[151,1436,794,1703]" captionTargetId-4="figure-21@6.[177,1411,181,944]" captionTargetId-5="figure-53@6.[177,1410,1053,1916]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionTargetPageId-4="6" captionTargetPageId-5="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., holotype female [MB/SBN/VD1] (dorsal view). ic, internal cirrus; ec, external cirrus; mc, median cirrus; sc, secondary clava; lc, lateral cirrus; pc, primary clava; ds, dorsal spine; cE, cirrus E; cs, caudal spike." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., holotype female [MB/SBN/VD1] (ventral view). ic, internal cirrus; ec, external cirrus; sc, secondary clava; m, mouth; scp: sub-cephalic pore; lc, lateral cirrus; pc, primary clava; ms1, micro-spines on first lateral processes; vp1, ventral pore one; ms2, micro-spines on second lateral processes; vp2, ventral pore two; ms3, minute spikes on third lateral processes; vp3, ventral pore three; cp, ventral pore on caudal segment; fg, female gonopore; sr, seminal receptacle; cE, cirrus E; s4, leg IV sensory organ; a, anus; cs, caudal spike." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; (B) male genital structure of paratype [MB/SBN/ VD7]; (C) female genital structure of paratype [MB/SBN/VD3] showing seminal receptacle and the bow shaped internal thickening. bt, buccal tube; st, stylet; f, furca; ap, apophysis; pl, placoid; mg, male gonopore; a, anus; fg, female gonopore; sr, seminal receptacle; o, opening of seminal receptacle; it, internal thickening." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Micrograph of Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) DIC micrograph showing paired sub-cephalic pore/muscle attachment; (B) DIC micrograph showing minute spikes on third lateral processes; (C) light microscopy micrograph showing dorsal antero-lateral lobe; (D-F) multifocal DIC micrographs showing female gonopore and seminal receptacles; (G) ventral view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD5]; (H) dorsal view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD3]." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. DIC micrographs of Stygarctus gourbaultae [AT50] (A) Dorsal overview; (B) ventral overview; (C) antero-lateral processes on dorsal caudal plate; (D) ventro-lateral processes on ventral caudal plate." captionText-5="FIGURE 7. Scanning electron micrographs of Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) Dorsal view of habitus; (B) ventro-lateral view of habitus; (C) caudal plate showing female gonopore; (D) micro-spines on the first lateral processes. fg, female gonopore; o, opening of seminal receptacle; a, anus; ms1, micro-spines on first lateral processes." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956231" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956233" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956235" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956237" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956239" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956241" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4956231/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4956233/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4956235/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4956237/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/4956239/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/4956241/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Figs. 2–7</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="DF57033CFFC06249FEAD5954FED6B943" box="[278,361,331,357]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,239,1124,1148]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometrics (μm) of Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., SD, standard deviation; pp, proximal portion; s, scapus; f, flagellum; dashes (–) represent unmeasured characters." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C6AA660FFFC5624CFF2C5C7BFC93BC86" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" tableUuid="C6AA660FFFC5624CFF2C5C7BFC93BC86">Table 1</tableCitation>
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<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FED25954FECDB943" bold="true" box="[361,370,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">)</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DACF650CFFC06249FF2C598CFCA3BA8C" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="926A3687FFC06249FF2C598CFCA3BA8C" blockId="2.[151,1437,403,1834]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
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<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FF2C598CFEADB98B" bold="true" box="[151,274,403,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Cephalic region is marked by the presence of a set of cephalic cirri, a pair of club shaped primary clavae and bent sausage shaped secondary clavae; five micro-spines on first and four on the second funnel shaped lateral processes; presence of minute spikes on the third lateral processes; moderately sculptured cephalic and caudal plate with unsculptured body plates I-III; caudal plate with pair of dorsal antero-lateral lobes, pair of ventro-lateral lobes, pair of round lateral processes and pair of caudal spikes; ventral plates present on body segment I-III; pair of terminal bifurcated dorsal spines fringed with thin cuticle; ventral pores/muscle attachments present on all the body segments; female genital structure with double looped seminal receptacle duct along with a bow shaped internal thickening present in between female gonopore and anus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DACF650CFFC06249FF7C5AACFE2ABC37" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="926A3687FFC06249FF7C5AACFBD5BAEB" blockId="2.[151,1437,403,1834]" box="[199,1130,691,718]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
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<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FF7C5AACFE03BAEB" bold="true" box="[199,444,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Materials examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="22BD3CDAFFC06249FE795AACFBD5BAEB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314059302" box="[450,1130,691,718]" collectionCode="MB" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FE795AACFD96BAEB" box="[450,553,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
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<typeStatus id="4D6E8825FFC06249FE795AACFD96BAEB" box="[450,553,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectionCode id="F4C4AE42FFC06249FD835AACFDDABAEB" box="[568,613,691,717]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">MB</collectionCode>
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/SBN/VD1: adult female mounted in glycerol.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="926A3687FFC06249FF7C5AC7FD91BB33" blockId="2.[151,1437,403,1834]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
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<materialsCitation id="22BD3CDAFFC06249FF7C5AC7FB22BAD7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314059304" box="[199,1181,727,754]" collectionCode="MB" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FF7C5AC7FE86BAD7" box="[199,313,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
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<typeStatus id="4D6E8825FFC06249FF7C5AC7FE86BAD7" box="[199,313,728,753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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||
:
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<collectionCode id="F4C4AE42FFC06249FEFC5AC8FECCBAD7" box="[327,371,727,753]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">MB</collectionCode>
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/SBN/VD2, VD3, VD4 and VD5:
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<specimenCount id="84D3FD0EFFC06249FD495AC8FCE0BAD7" box="[754,863,727,753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="adult">four adult</specimenCount>
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female mounted in glycerol
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</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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<materialsCitation id="22BD3CDAFFC06249FB125AC8FD96BB33" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314059306" collectionCode="MB" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<collectionCode id="F4C4AE42FFC06249FB125AC8FB6ABAD7" box="[1193,1237,727,753]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">MB</collectionCode>
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/SBN/VD6, VD7:
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<specimenCount id="84D3FD0EFFC06249FF2C5AE3FEBFBB33" box="[151,256,763,790]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="adult">two adult</specimenCount>
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male mounted in glycerol
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="926A3687FFC06249FF765B00FC9DBB7B" blockId="2.[151,1437,403,1834]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
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<taxonomicName id="55D54D04FFC06249FF765B00FE6DBB1F" authorityName="Renaud-Mornant" authorityYear="1981" box="[205,466,799,825]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Stygarctidae" genus="Stygarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="gourbaultae">
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<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FF765B00FE6DBB1F" box="[205,466,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Stygarctus gourbaultae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<materialsCitation id="22BD3CDAFFC06249FE635B3FFB70BB1F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314059303" box="[472,1231,799,826]" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" specimenCode="USNM 62017" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="4D6E8825FFC06249FE635B3FFD87BB1C" box="[472,568,800,826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="C2739EFCFFC06249FDFD5B00FD58BB1C" box="[582,743,799,826]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="Museum">USNM 62017</specimenCode>
|
||
) from Smithsonian;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55D54D04FFC06249FC705B00FB70BB1F" authorityName="Renaud-Mornant" authorityYear="1981" box="[971,1231,799,825]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Stygarctidae" genus="Stygarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="gourbaultae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FC705B00FB70BB1F" box="[971,1231,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Stygarctus gourbaultae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="22BD3CDAFFC06249FB6E5B00FCA1BB7B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314059305" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" specimenCode="AT50" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="4D6E8825FFC06249FB6E5B00FA88BB1F" box="[1237,1335,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="F4C4AE42FFC06249FAFE5B00FA23BB1F" box="[1349,1436,799,825]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="C2739EFCFFC06249FF2C5B5CFF68BB78" box="[151,215,835,862]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">AT50</specimenCode>
|
||
) from Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC06249FF7C5B77FDBABB83" blockId="2.[151,1437,403,1834]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FF7C5B77FEEABBA7" box="[199,341,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Type locality</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="22BD3CDAFFC06249FEDA5B78FDBEBB83" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314059301" collectingDate="2020-02" country="India" location="Vadakara" longitude="75.9617" municipality="Southwest" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala">
|
||
<location id="970A605CFFC06249FEDA5B78FE76BBA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A7C8791FFC0624CFF2C5938FCECBB1F:970A605CFFC06249FEDA5B78FE76BBA7" box="[353,457,871,897]" country="India" longitude="75.9617" municipality="Southwest" name="Vadakara" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" stateProvince="Kerala">Vadakara</location>
|
||
beach, in front of old sea bridge, Calicut,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5011F865FFC06249FC2A5B78FC61BBA7" box="[913,990,871,897]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="720EACFDFFC06249FC535B78FBE2BBA7" box="[1000,1117,871,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Southwest</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="EAC27617FFC06249FB065B78FB48BBA7" box="[1213,1271,871,897]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F7E15040FFC06249FAB85B78FA27BBA7" box="[1283,1432,871,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">11°60.077’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F7E15040FFC06249FF2C5B94FE98BB80" box="[151,295,907,934]" degrees="75" direction="east" minutes="57.702" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" precision="1" value="75.9617">75°57.702’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) on
|
||
<date id="E66B1047FFC06249FEE25B94FDBEBB83" box="[345,513,907,933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" value="2020-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="F62FE9AFFFC06249FEE25B94FDBEBB83" box="[345,513,907,933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" value="2020-02">February 2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC06249FF7C5BAFFE2ABC37" blockId="2.[151,1437,403,1834]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FF7C5BAFFE31BBEF" box="[199,398,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Type depositories</emphasis>
|
||
: Seven specimens were submitted in the Marine Biology museum (voucher no:
|
||
<collectionCode id="F4C4AE42FFC06249FA905BB0FAE9BBEF" box="[1323,1366,943,969]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">MB</collectionCode>
|
||
/SBN/ VD1- 7), of the Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="EAC27617FFC06249FB985BCCFBCBBBCB" box="[1059,1140,979,1005]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Cochin</collectingCountry>
|
||
University of Science and Technology (
|
||
<collectionCode id="F4C4AE42FFC06249FE915BE8FE35BC37" box="[298,394,1015,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">CUSAT</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DACF650CFFC0624CFF7C5C04FCECBB1F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="388" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC06249FF7C5C04FDF5BD70" blockId="2.[151,1437,403,1834]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC06249FF7C5C04FE5ABC13" bold="true" box="[199,485,1051,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="4D6E8825FFC06249FECC5C04FE5FBC13" box="[375,480,1051,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The body length (from anterior rim of cephalic plate to the base of caudal spikes) of adult female specimen is 129.6 μm with 45.2 μm width. Body is slightly curved ventrally. Moderately sculptured dorsal cephalic plate with horizontal markings on medio-lateral lobes and vertical markings between lateral lobes. Dorsal body plates I-III are rigid, translucent and unsculptured without any markings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC06249FBDC5C98FB08BC87" box="[1127,1207,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,192,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[233,1354,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., holotype female [MB/SBN/VD1] (dorsal view). ic, internal cirrus; ec, external cirrus; mc, median cirrus; sc, secondary clava; lc, lateral cirrus; pc, primary clava; ds, dorsal spine; cE, cirrus E; cs, caudal spike." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956231/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC06249FB7F5C98FB55BC87" box="[1220,1258,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,1053,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-53@6.[177,1410,1053,1916]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scanning electron micrographs of Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) Dorsal view of habitus; (B) ventro-lateral view of habitus; (C) caudal plate showing female gonopore; (D) micro-spines on the first lateral processes. fg, female gonopore; o, opening of seminal receptacle; a, anus; ms1, micro-spines on first lateral processes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956241/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">7A</figureCitation>
|
||
); ventral region is composed of three ventral plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC06249FD965CB4FDCDBCE3" box="[557,626,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[286,1301,193,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[274,1313,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., holotype female [MB/SBN/VD1] (ventral view). ic, internal cirrus; ec, external cirrus; sc, secondary clava; m, mouth; scp: sub-cephalic pore; lc, lateral cirrus; pc, primary clava; ms1, micro-spines on first lateral processes; vp1, ventral pore one; ms2, micro-spines on second lateral processes; vp2, ventral pore two; ms3, minute spikes on third lateral processes; vp3, ventral pore three; cp, ventral pore on caudal segment; fg, female gonopore; sr, seminal receptacle; cE, cirrus E; s4, leg IV sensory organ; a, anus; cs, caudal spike." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956233" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956233/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cephalic plate is composed of medial lobe, a pair of medio-lateral and lateral lobes. A conical shaped anteriorly protruded mouth cone on ventral side in between ventral lobes. A pair of bend sausage-shaped secondary clavae (12.5 μm) arise from the anterior portion of ventral lobes. Lateral cirrus (16.2 μm) with short scapus (3.4 μm) and flagellum (12.8 μm) attached to each lateral lobe just anterior to the bulbshaped, paired primary clava (5.1 μm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC06249FF7C5D40FB2ABE08" blockId="2.[151,1437,403,1834]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
|
||
A pair of internal cirri (13.5 μm) each with short scapus (2 μm) and flagellum (11.5 μm) attached to medial lobe emerging from the cirrophore. A pair of external cirri (12 μm) each with short scapus (2 μm) and flagellum (10 μm) arise from the mid portion of ventral lobe. An unpaired median cirrus (12.9 μm) with short scapus (2.5 μm) and flagellum (10.4 μm) inserted mid-dorsally, posterior to medial lobe, at level of incision between medio-lateral and lateral lobes. Thin sheets are present on the margin of lateral lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC06249FC0D5DF0FC44BE2F" box="[950,1019,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,192,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[233,1354,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., holotype female [MB/SBN/VD1] (dorsal view). ic, internal cirrus; ec, external cirrus; mc, median cirrus; sc, secondary clava; lc, lateral cirrus; pc, primary clava; ds, dorsal spine; cE, cirrus E; cs, caudal spike." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956231/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). A pair of horizontally arranged subcephalic muscle attachments/pores is present just posterior to the mouth cone (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC06249FBBC5E0CFBE9BE0B" box="[1031,1110,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[286,1301,193,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[274,1313,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., holotype female [MB/SBN/VD1] (ventral view). ic, internal cirrus; ec, external cirrus; sc, secondary clava; m, mouth; scp: sub-cephalic pore; lc, lateral cirrus; pc, primary clava; ms1, micro-spines on first lateral processes; vp1, ventral pore one; ms2, micro-spines on second lateral processes; vp2, ventral pore two; ms3, minute spikes on third lateral processes; vp3, ventral pore three; cp, ventral pore on caudal segment; fg, female gonopore; sr, seminal receptacle; cE, cirrus E; s4, leg IV sensory organ; a, anus; cs, caudal spike." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956233" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956233/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC06249FBD85E0CFB36BE08" box="[1123,1161,1555,1582]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,794,1703]" captionTargetId="figure-86@5.[151,1436,794,1703]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Micrograph of Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) DIC micrograph showing paired sub-cephalic pore/muscle attachment; (B) DIC micrograph showing minute spikes on third lateral processes; (C) light microscopy micrograph showing dorsal antero-lateral lobe; (D-F) multifocal DIC micrographs showing female gonopore and seminal receptacles; (G) ventral view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD5]; (H) dorsal view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD3]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956237/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">5A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC06249FF7C5E28FC29BF0F" blockId="2.[151,1437,403,1834]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
|
||
Three rigid dorsal body plates with funnel shaped lateral processes ends up in thin sheets at lateral margins. Five micro-spines on the first and four micro-spines on the second lateral processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC06249FBAD5E44FBCEBE50" box="[1046,1137,1627,1654]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,1053,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-53@6.[177,1410,1053,1916]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scanning electron micrographs of Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) Dorsal view of habitus; (B) ventro-lateral view of habitus; (C) caudal plate showing female gonopore; (D) micro-spines on the first lateral processes. fg, female gonopore; o, opening of seminal receptacle; a, anus; ms1, micro-spines on first lateral processes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956241/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Three-five minute spikes on the third lateral processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC06249FE525E60FDFEBEBC" box="[489,577,1663,1690]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,794,1703]" captionTargetId="figure-86@5.[151,1436,794,1703]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Micrograph of Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) DIC micrograph showing paired sub-cephalic pore/muscle attachment; (B) DIC micrograph showing minute spikes on third lateral processes; (C) light microscopy micrograph showing dorsal antero-lateral lobe; (D-F) multifocal DIC micrographs showing female gonopore and seminal receptacles; (G) ventral view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD5]; (H) dorsal view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD3]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956237/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). A pair of dorsal spines (29.29 μm) with strong terminal bifurcation fringed with thin cuticle arising from the caudal rim of the second dorsal body plate. A ventral pore/muscle attachment in posterior mid region of the first segment (5.91 μm posterior to lower portion of pharyngeal bulb); a second ventral pore, 12.67 μm posterior to the first ventral pore present at the middle of the second segment; a third ventral pore is also present at the posterior mid region of the third segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC06249FCF85F10FC37BF0F" box="[835,904,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[286,1301,193,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[274,1313,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., holotype female [MB/SBN/VD1] (ventral view). ic, internal cirrus; ec, external cirrus; sc, secondary clava; m, mouth; scp: sub-cephalic pore; lc, lateral cirrus; pc, primary clava; ms1, micro-spines on first lateral processes; vp1, ventral pore one; ms2, micro-spines on second lateral processes; vp2, ventral pore two; ms3, minute spikes on third lateral processes; vp3, ventral pore three; cp, ventral pore on caudal segment; fg, female gonopore; sr, seminal receptacle; cE, cirrus E; s4, leg IV sensory organ; a, anus; cs, caudal spike." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956233" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956233/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C6AA660FFFC16248FF2C5F88FA27BFF2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956231" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956231/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" startId="3.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[247,1341,192,1903]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC16248FF2C5F88FA27BFF2" blockId="3.[151,1437,1943,2004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC16248FF2C5F88FEACBF89" bold="true" box="[151,275,1943,1967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55D54D04FFC16248FEA15F87FE4EBF96" authority="Vishnudattan & Nandan & Hansen & Jayachandran, 2021" authorityName="Vishnudattan & Nandan & Hansen & Jayachandran" authorityYear="2021" box="[282,497,1944,1968]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Stygarctidae" genus="Stygarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="keralensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC16248FEA15F87FE4EBF96" box="[282,497,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">Stygarctus keralensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC16248FE435F87FDF7BF96" bold="true" box="[504,584,1944,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BB9257EEFFC16248FE435F87FDF7BF96" box="[504,584,1944,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype female [MB/SBN/VD1] (dorsal view). ic, internal cirrus; ec, external cirrus; mc, median cirrus; sc, secondary clava; lc, lateral cirrus; pc, primary clava; ds, dorsal spine; cE, cirrus E; cs, caudal spike.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="C6AA660FFFC6624FFF2C5F4DFCA5BFDC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956233" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956233" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956233/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" startId="4.[151,250,1874,1898]" targetBox="[286,1301,193,1840]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC6624FFF2C5F4DFCA5BFDC" blockId="4.[151,1437,1874,2043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC6624FFF2C5F4DFEB2BF4C" bold="true" box="[151,269,1874,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55D54D04FFC6624FFEA25F4DFE4FBF4C" authority="Vishnudattan & Nandan & Hansen & Jayachandran, 2021" authorityName="Vishnudattan & Nandan & Hansen & Jayachandran" authorityYear="2021" box="[281,496,1874,1898]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Stygarctidae" genus="Stygarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="keralensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC6624FFEA25F4DFE4FBF4C" box="[281,496,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">Stygarctus keralensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC6624FFE4D5F4DFDF9BF4C" bold="true" box="[502,582,1874,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BB9257EEFFC6624FFE4D5F4DFDF9BF4C" box="[502,582,1874,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype female [MB/SBN/VD1] (ventral view). ic, internal cirrus; ec, external cirrus; sc, secondary clava; m, mouth; scp: sub-cephalic pore; lc, lateral cirrus; pc, primary clava; ms1, micro-spines on first lateral processes; vp1, ventral pore one; ms2, micro-spines on second lateral processes; vp2, ventral pore two; ms3, minute spikes on third lateral processes; vp3, ventral pore three; cp, ventral pore on caudal segment; fg, female gonopore; sr, seminal receptacle; cE, cirrus E; s4, leg IV sensory organ; a, anus; cs, caudal spike.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="C6AA660FFFC7624EFF2C5A62FCFDBB24" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956235" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956235/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" startId="5.[151,250,637,661]" targetBox="[158,1428,187,607]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC7624EFF2C5A62FCFDBB24" blockId="5.[151,1436,637,770]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC7624EFF2C5A62FEACBAB3" bold="true" box="[151,275,637,661]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55D54D04FFC7624EFEA15A61FE4EBAB0" authority="Vishnudattan & Nandan & Hansen & Jayachandran, 2021" authorityName="Vishnudattan & Nandan & Hansen & Jayachandran" authorityYear="2021" box="[282,497,638,662]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Stygarctidae" genus="Stygarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="keralensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC7624EFEA15A61FE4EBAB0" box="[282,497,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">Stygarctus keralensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC7624EFE4C5A61FDF7BAB0" bold="true" box="[503,584,638,662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BB9257EEFFC7624EFE4C5A61FDF7BAB0" box="[503,584,638,662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, (A) bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; (B) male genital structure of paratype [MB/SBN/ VD7]; (C) female genital structure of paratype [MB/SBN/VD3] showing seminal receptacle and the bow shaped internal thickening. bt, buccal tube; st, stylet; f, furca; ap, apophysis; pl, placoid; mg, male gonopore; a, anus; fg, female gonopore; sr, seminal receptacle; o, opening of seminal receptacle; it, internal thickening.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="C6AA660FFFC7624EFF2C5EA0FBDCBF62" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956237" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956237/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" startId="5.[151,250,1727,1751]" targetBox="[153,1435,794,1703]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC7624EFF2C5EA0FBDCBF62" blockId="5.[151,1437,1727,1860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC7624EFF2C5EA0FEABBEFE" bold="true" box="[151,276,1727,1752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Micrograph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55D54D04FFC7624EFE035EDFFD2FBEFE" authority="Vishnudattan & Nandan & Hansen & Jayachandran, 2021" authorityName="Vishnudattan & Nandan & Hansen & Jayachandran" authorityYear="2021" box="[440,656,1728,1752]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Stygarctidae" genus="Stygarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="keralensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC7624EFE035EDFFD2FBEFE" box="[440,656,1728,1752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">Stygarctus keralensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC7624EFD235EDFFD56BEFE" bold="true" box="[664,745,1728,1752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BB9257EEFFC7624EFD235EDFFD56BEFE" box="[664,745,1728,1752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, (A) DIC micrograph showing paired sub-cephalic pore/muscle attachment; (B) DIC micrograph showing minute spikes on third lateral processes; (C) light microscopy micrograph showing dorsal antero-lateral lobe; (D-F) multifocal DIC micrographs showing female gonopore and seminal receptacles; (G) ventral view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD5]; (H) dorsal view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD3].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="C6AA660FFFC4624DFF2C5BD7FC48BC22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956239" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956239" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956239/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" startId="6.[151,250,968,992]" targetBox="[180,1408,184,940]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC4624DFF2C5BD7FC48BC22" blockId="6.[151,1436,968,1029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC4624DFF2C5BD7FEB2BBC6" bold="true" box="[151,269,968,992]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
|
||
. DIC micrographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55D54D04FFC4624DFE575BD6FD67BBC6" authorityName="Renaud-Mornant" authorityYear="1981" box="[492,728,968,992]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Stygarctidae" genus="Stygarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="gourbaultae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC4624DFE575BD6FD67BBC6" box="[492,728,968,992]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Stygarctus gourbaultae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[AT50] (A) Dorsal overview; (B) ventral overview; (C) antero-lateral processes on dorsal caudal plate; (D) ventro-lateral processes on ventral caudal plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="C6AA660FFFC4624DFF2C5F8CFC41BFD5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956241" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956241/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" startId="6.[151,250,1939,1963]" targetBox="[177,1410,1053,1916]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC4624DFF2C5F8CFC41BFD5" blockId="6.[151,1436,1939,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC4624DFF2C5F8CFEB0BF8A" bold="true" box="[151,271,1939,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">FIGURE 7</emphasis>
|
||
. Scanning electron micrographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55D54D04FFC4624DFD3A5F8BFCE4BF8D" authority="Vishnudattan & Nandan & Hansen & Jayachandran, 2021" authorityName="Vishnudattan & Nandan & Hansen & Jayachandran" authorityYear="2021" box="[641,859,1939,1963]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Stygarctidae" genus="Stygarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="keralensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC4624DFD3A5F8BFCE4BF8D" box="[641,859,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Stygarctus keralensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC4624DFCD95F8BFC0ABF8A" bold="true" box="[866,949,1940,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BB9257EEFFC4624DFCD95F8BFC0ABF8A" box="[866,949,1940,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, (A) Dorsal view of habitus; (B) ventro-lateral view of habitus; (C) caudal plate showing female gonopore; (D) micro-spines on the first lateral processes. fg, female gonopore; o, opening of seminal receptacle; a, anus; ms1, micro-spines on first lateral processes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC5624CFF7C5888FDCCBA47" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
||
The posterior region is characterised by moderately sculptured dorsal caudal plate with irregular markings. Caudal segment is constituted by a pair of dorsal antero-lateral lobes, pair of ventro-lateral lobes, pair of round lateral processes and a pair of caudal spike with a pointed end (29.36 μm). Dorsal antero-lateral lobe is comparatively smaller than the lateral lobe with slightly thinner margins with a pointed end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC5624CFBFD591CFB21B93B" box="[1094,1182,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,794,1703]" captionTargetId="figure-86@5.[151,1436,794,1703]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Micrograph of Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) DIC micrograph showing paired sub-cephalic pore/muscle attachment; (B) DIC micrograph showing minute spikes on third lateral processes; (C) light microscopy micrograph showing dorsal antero-lateral lobe; (D-F) multifocal DIC micrographs showing female gonopore and seminal receptacles; (G) ventral view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD5]; (H) dorsal view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD3]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956237/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventro-lateral lobe is square shaped with a bend towards posterior side. Lateral process is thinner at its lateral margin. Minute spikes are absent on the round lateral processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC5624CFDFA5954FD25B943" box="[577,666,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,794,1703]" captionTargetId="figure-86@5.[151,1436,794,1703]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Micrograph of Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) DIC micrograph showing paired sub-cephalic pore/muscle attachment; (B) DIC micrograph showing minute spikes on third lateral processes; (C) light microscopy micrograph showing dorsal antero-lateral lobe; (D-F) multifocal DIC micrographs showing female gonopore and seminal receptacles; (G) ventral view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD5]; (H) dorsal view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD3]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956237/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). An unpaired ventral pore/muscle attachment is present just anterior to female gonopore. A pair of Cirri E (26.9 μm) each with proximal portion (9.6 μm) and flagellum (17.3 μm) arise from the portion between antero-lateral lobe and round lateral process. Caudal spikes are bordered by thin sheets at its lateral margins starting from its base and weakens at the mid length of caudal spike. A pair of papilla-like leg IV sense organ (2 μm) is found attached at the base of each fourth leg. Four pairs of legs with four claws attached directly on each leg with two thin filaments on median claws. Fourth pair of legs (av. 23.9 μm,
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC5624CFB0259E0FB78BA3E" box="[1209,1223,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">n</emphasis>
|
||
=7) are longer than all other legs (av. 15.3 μm,
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC5624CFE7C5A3CFE6ABA1A" box="[455,469,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 7). Claw lengths of fourth pair of legs (av. 9.7 μm,
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC5624CFB995A3CFB8FBA1A" box="[1058,1072,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">n</emphasis>
|
||
=7) are also longer than the claw length of other leg pairs (av. 5.3 μm,
|
||
<emphasis id="A0A1EA95FFC5624CFD8D5A58FDFBBA46" box="[566,580,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">n</emphasis>
|
||
=7).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="926A3687FFC5624CFF7C5A74FCECBB1F" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
||
Rosette-like female gonopore consisting of six minor plates opens ventrally is sighted 5.54 μm anterior to the anus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC5624CFF605A90FE8BBA8F" box="[219,308,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,1053,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-53@6.[177,1410,1053,1916]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scanning electron micrographs of Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) Dorsal view of habitus; (B) ventro-lateral view of habitus; (C) caudal plate showing female gonopore; (D) micro-spines on the first lateral processes. fg, female gonopore; o, opening of seminal receptacle; a, anus; ms1, micro-spines on first lateral processes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
). A bow shaped internal thickening is found in between the seminal receptacles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC5624CFB715A90FA9BBA8F" box="[1226,1316,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,637,661]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,187,607]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,613]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; (B) male genital structure of paratype [MB/SBN/ VD7]; (C) female genital structure of paratype [MB/SBN/VD3] showing seminal receptacle and the bow shaped internal thickening. bt, buccal tube; st, stylet; f, furca; ap, apophysis; pl, placoid; mg, male gonopore; a, anus; fg, female gonopore; sr, seminal receptacle; o, opening of seminal receptacle; it, internal thickening." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956235/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). A pair of seminal receptacles with sinuous ducts forming a larger and a smaller loop. The sinus duct starts from the lateral plane below the level of gonopore and forms a larger swirl around the opening and forms another smaller loop towards the internal thickening and run back to the opening. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC5624CFCE35AE4FC7ABB33" box="[856,965,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,637,661]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,187,607]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,613]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; (B) male genital structure of paratype [MB/SBN/ VD7]; (C) female genital structure of paratype [MB/SBN/VD3] showing seminal receptacle and the bow shaped internal thickening. bt, buccal tube; st, stylet; f, furca; ap, apophysis; pl, placoid; mg, male gonopore; a, anus; fg, female gonopore; sr, seminal receptacle; o, opening of seminal receptacle; it, internal thickening." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956235/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Figs. 4 C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="0AEE2A02FFC5624CFC695AE5FC5FBB33" box="[978,992,762,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,794,1703]" captionTargetId="figure-86@5.[151,1436,794,1703]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Micrograph of Stygarctus keralensis sp. nov., (A) DIC micrograph showing paired sub-cephalic pore/muscle attachment; (B) DIC micrograph showing minute spikes on third lateral processes; (C) light microscopy micrograph showing dorsal antero-lateral lobe; (D-F) multifocal DIC micrographs showing female gonopore and seminal receptacles; (G) ventral view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD5]; (H) dorsal view of paratype female [MB/SBN/VD3]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956237/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">5</figureCitation>
|
||
D-F). Terminal anus composed of two cuticular lobes is present in between the base of caudal spikes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |