treatments-xml/data/06/AA/8D/06AA8D8DE18E5DAFB7843818DBB091A7.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.218.94356" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-218-69" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6FC64B46B61656DC9C1103745F1DE852" ModsDocID="1314-2003-218-69" checkinTime="1673408677050" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Cuevas Guzman, Ramon, Sanchez-Rodriguez, Enrique V. &amp; Morales-Arias, Jose Guadalupe" docDate="2023" docId="06AA8D8DE18E5DAFB7843818DBB091A7" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 218: 69-78" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 218" docPubDate="2023-01-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.218.94356" docTitle="Licaria ramiroi Cuevas 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="6FC64B46B61656DC9C1103745F1DE852" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="6FC64B46B61656DC9C1103745F1DE852" masterDocTitle="Licaria ramiroi (Lauraceae), a new species from Western Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="78" masterPageNumber="69" pageNumber="69" updateTime="1673408977994" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Licaria ramiroi (Lauraceae), a new species from Western Mexico</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cuevas Guzman, Ramon</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4980-8989</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Botanica, Departamento de Ecologia y Recursos Naturales, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Independencia Nacional 151, 48900 Autlan de Navarro, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rcuevas@cucsur.udg.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sanchez-Rodriguez, Enrique V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9371-6072</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Botanica, Departamento de Ecologia y Recursos Naturales, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Independencia Nacional 151, 48900 Autlan de Navarro, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Morales-Arias, Jose Guadalupe</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8925-1249</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Botanica, Departamento de Ecologia y Recursos Naturales, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Independencia Nacional 151, 48900 Autlan de Navarro, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-01-10</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>218</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>69</mods:start>
<mods:end>78</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.218.94356</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.218.94356</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-218-69</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6FC64B46B61656DC9C1103745F1DE852</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06AA8D8DE18E5DAFB7843818DBB091A7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/06AA8D8DE18E5DAFB7843818DBB091A7" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName LSID="06AA8D8D-E18E-5DAF-B784-3818DBB091A7" authority="Cuevas" authorityName="Cuevas" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria ramiroi" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramiroi" status="sp. nov.">Licaria ramiroi Cuevas</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="69">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Licaria ramiroi Cuevas sp. nov. A branchlets with inflorescences B branchlets with immature fruit C close-up image of an inflorescence D inflorescence with flowers in top and side view, with the two terminal flowers fused at their bases E side view of flower F flower in tangential section showing pistil and sericeous internal surface of hypanthium G upper frontal view of a flower with stamens the tepals opened artificially H Pair of stamens in adaxial view I Pair of stamens in abaxial view." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.218.94356.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/793797" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Licaria ramiroi Cuevas sp. nov. A stamen with two pairs of glands B ring of stamens, with the anthers showing locules and valves and three glands in the base C three stamens of a flower, one showing a sagittate locule (left), the other with an irregular locule (right) and several glands D four stamens of a flower with several glands E five stamens of a flower F fruits with their cupules G one fruit and two cupules, showing the outer and inner margins." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.218.94356.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/793798" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">, 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cuevas" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria ramiroi" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. triandra" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triandra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. triandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Sw.) Kosterm. but differs from the latter by leaves with 12-23 pairs of secondary veins (vs. 5-10); inflorescence surface commonly glabrous (vs. sparsely to densely appressed pubescent); entire hypanthium sericeous inside (vs. glabrous); stamens with free anthers (vs. stamens with anthers fused at least in their basal half).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-07-19" collectorName="El Tecolote, R. Cuevas, E. V. Sanchez, J. G. Morales" country="Mexico" county="State" location="El Tecolote" municipality="Municipality of Casimiro Castillo" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jalisco" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingCounty>State</collectingCounty>
of 
<collectingRegion country="Mexico" name="Jalisco">Jalisco</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality>Municipality of Casimiro Castillo</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="cañada">canada</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06AA8D8DE18E5DAFB7843818DBB091A7:EBB9CC8EF58AF0394420186FA999907A" country="Mexico" county="State" municipality="Municipality of Casimiro Castillo" name="El Tecolote" stateProvince="Jalisco">El Tecolote</location>
</collectorName>
, 
<collectingDate value="2022-07-19">19 July 2022</collectingDate>
(fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>R. Cuevas</collectorName>
G., 
<collectorName>
E.V. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
R. &amp; 
<collectorName>J.G. Morales</collectorName>
A. 14182
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
ZEA; isotypes to be distributed)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
Trees 10-26 m in height, trunk 15-60 cm in diameter; bark flaky and peeling off in irregular layers, the outer reddish-brown, the inner yellow, turning pink as it oxidises. Branchlets cylindrical, 1.5-2 mm thick, brownish-grey, lenticellate and exfoliating, glabrous; axillary buds conical, 1.5-2 mm in length, 1 mm in width, glabrous; terminal buds cylindrical, 7-12 mm in length, 1 mm in width, reddish, glabrous. Leaves alternate, reddish when sprouting, mature leaves lanceolate to oblong, 7-16 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.3-4.7 cm, 3-6 times longer than wide, chartaceous, glabrous on both sides; base cuneate, sometimes obtuse; margins entire, sclerotic; apex acuminate; the secondary veins are inconspicuous, but recognisable on both sides, whereas the higher-order venation is not resolved, mid-vein depressed above and protruding below, secondary veins 12-23 pairs; petioles sulcate adaxially (4-) 7-12 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-1.8 mm, glabrous. Inflorescences axillary, paniculate-cymose, branched from near the base, rarely solitary, 1-4 cm in length, the terminal flowers often fused at their bases; peduncles 1-2 mm in length; bracts soon deciduous, concave, ovate-lanceolate, 0.7-1.9 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.4-0.8 mm, glabrous. Flowers ellipsoid or obovoid, 2.5-3 mm in length; pedicels 1.2-1.8 mm in length, glabrous; hypanthium 1.4-2.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.9-2 mm, externally glabrous, internally sericeous; tepals 6, fused to 1/4 of their length in the basal part, imbricate, ovate, subequal (inner ones slightly smaller), 0.8-1.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.8-0.9 mm, concave, inconspicuously fimbriated on their margins; stamen series I and II lacking; androecium with 3-5 stamens, exserted, fused at the filaments only, tomentose on both sides of filaments, 1.2-2.4 mm in length, anthers bisporangiate, ovate to oblong, tomentose at the base on the adaxial face, the rest glabrous, 1.1-1.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.8-0.9 mm, sporangia on the abaxial side of the anther, each sporangium with an oblique locule covering most of the anther body, sometimes the locule sagittate or irregular i.e. two locules fused, valves extrorse and remaining at the apex of the anther; 4-8 glands observed, at the base of the filaments or slightly above, sometimes contiguous glands fused at their bases, but with clearly separated apices, lanceolate to ovate or irregularly shaped, lamellar, 0.4-0.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.2-0.4 mm, pubescent at their base; pistil elongate, 2.3-2.7 mm in length, glabrous, ovary 0.8-1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.6-0.7 mm. Fruit ellipsoid, purple with a yellow base when mature, 20-28 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
12-15 mm, glabrous; cupule lenticellate, 12-14 mm in height, 14-18 mm in diameter at apex, 7-10 mm in depth, double-rimmed, outer margin slightly ascending to spreading, wavy, the inner margin erect, entire, 0.5-1 mm in height; pedicel in fruit turbinate, 3-5 mm in length, 3-4.5 mm in diameter distally, 1.5-2 mm basally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cuevas" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria ramiroi" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from only one locality in the Sierra de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Manantlán">Manantlan</normalizedToken>
, Jalisco, Mexico. It has been recorded between 1000 and 1600 m in elevation in an ecotone between subdeciduous tropical forest and montane cloud forest. Dominant trees in this habitat correspond to individuals of the 
<taxonomicName family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
family, such as 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Beilschmiedia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Beilschmiedia manantlanensis" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manantlanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Beilschmiedia manantlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Cuevas &amp; Cochrane, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Damburneya" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Damburneya rudis" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rudis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Damburneya rudis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(C.K. Allen) Trofimov &amp; Rohwer and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. salicifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="salicifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">D. salicifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Trofimov &amp; Rohwer. Other tree species observed are 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Amyris" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amyris mexicana" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mexicana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Amyris mexicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lundell, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Aphananthe" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aphananthe monoica" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monoica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Aphananthe monoica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hemsl.) J.-F. Leroy, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Metteniusaceae" genus="Calatola" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calatola laevigata" order="Metteniusales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laevigata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Calatola laevigata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Standl., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Cedrela" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cedrela odorata" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odorata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Cedrela odorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Putranjivaceae" genus="Drypetes" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Drypetes gentryi" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gentryi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Drypetes gentryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Monach., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Myrcianthes" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Myrcianthes fragrans" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragrans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Myrcianthes fragrans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Sw.) McVaugh, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prunus cortapico" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cortapico">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Prunus cortapico</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kerber ex Koehne, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Sideroxylon" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sideroxylon brucebenzii" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brucebenzii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Sideroxylon brucebenzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Cuevas &amp; A. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vázquez">Vazquez</normalizedToken>
, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. portoricense" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="portoricense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">S. portoricense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Urb. and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Trophis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Trophis mexicana" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mexicana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Trophis mexicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Liebm.) Bureau. Hemi-epiphytes are represented by 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Balmea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Balmea stormiae" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stormiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Balmea stormiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ficus aurea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Ficus aurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Nutt., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Oreopanax" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreopanax echinops" order="Apiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echinops">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Oreopanax echinops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Schltdl. &amp; Cham.) Decne. &amp; Planch. and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Oreopanax" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreopanax sanderianus" order="Apiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanderianus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Oreopanax sanderianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hemsl. and vines by 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solandra" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solandra maxima" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Solandra maxima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sessé">Sesse</normalizedToken>
&amp; Moc.) P.S. Green.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Field observations were carried out for three years; as we found no flowers or fruits during the different seasons of the year, nor observed any seedlings, in this period, this leads us to suggest that this species could have supra-annual flowering and fruiting periods.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
The locality from where the new species of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is described is an area that has been prominent for records of new species, such as 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Beilschmiedia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Beilschmiedia manantlanensis" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manantlanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Beilschmiedia manantlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cuevas &amp; Cochrane, 1999), 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Sideroxylon" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sideroxylon brucebenzii" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brucebenzii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Sideroxylon brucebenzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cuevas &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vázquez-García">Vazquez-Garcia</normalizedToken>
, 2021) or disjunct distributions, such as those of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Desmopsis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Desmopsis trunciflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trunciflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Desmopsis trunciflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Schltdl. &amp; Cham.) G.E. Schatz (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.21829/abm58.2002.887" author="Cuevas, GR" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Mexicana" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="7 - 18" refId="B5" refString="Cuevas, GR, Lopez-Mata, L, Garcia-Moya, E, 2002. Primer registro de Desmopsis trunciflora (Schlecht. &amp; Cham) G.E. Schatz (Annonaceae) para el occidente de Mexico y analisis de su poblacion en la sierra de Manantlan, Jalisco. Acta Botanica Mexicana 58 (58): 7 - 18, DOI: https://doi.org/10.21829/abm58.2002.887" title="Primer registro de Desmopsis trunciflora (Schlecht. &amp; Cham) G. E. Schatz (Annonaceae) para el occidente de Mexico y analisis de su poblacion en la sierra de Manantlan, Jalisco." url="https://doi.org/10.21829/abm58.2002.887" volume="58" year="2002">Cuevas et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Nectandra" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nectandra rudis" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rudis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Nectandra rudis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C.K. Allen (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v56i1.5521" author="Cuevas, GR" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="247 - 256" refId="B6" refString="Cuevas, GR, Garcia-Moya, E, Vazquez-Garcia, JA, Nunez-Lopez, NM, 2008. Estructura poblacional y relaciones ambientales del arbol tropical Nectandra rudis (Lauraceae), una especie rara en el occidente de Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 56: 247 - 256, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v56i1.5521" title="Estructura poblacional y relaciones ambientales del arbol tropical Nectandra rudis (Lauraceae), una especie rara en el occidente de Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v56i1.5521" volume="56" year="2008">Cuevas et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
), amongst others. Fortunately, the area forms part of the Sierra de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Manantlán">Manantlan</normalizedToken>
Biosphere Reserve, ensuring a certain degree of conservation of the flora of this area, which is notable in the region for its uniqueness and the distribution of some of its species (
<bibRefCitation author="Cuevas, GR" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B2" refString="Cuevas, GR, 2002. Analisis de gradientes de la vegetacion de la canada El Tecolote, en la sierra de Manantlan, Jalisco, Mexico (Tesis doctoral). Colegio de Posgraduados, Montecillo, Texcoco, Mexico." title="Analisis de gradientes de la vegetacion de la canada El Tecolote, en la sierra de Manantlan, Jalisco, Mexico (Tesis doctoral). Colegio de Posgraduados, Montecillo, Texcoco, Mexico." year="2002">Cuevas 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">The species has been recorded in flower in the months of July-August and with ripe fruits from February to March.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
The species honours the memory of Ramiro Cuevas 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guzmán">Guzman</normalizedToken>
, dear brother of the first author, a person who loved the countryside and who collected plants for more than 30 years together with the author of the species, in various regions of the southern coast of Jalisco. Several of these collections are deposited in national herbaria and some have resulted in scientific novelties.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
According to the Categories and Criteria of the IUCN Red List (
<bibRefCitation author="Gomez-Laurito, J" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" publicationUrl="https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/10315" refId="B8" refString="2012. . https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/10315" url="https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/10315" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. ramiroi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is assigned a preliminary status of &quot;Critically Endangered&quot; CR B2a C2a(ii). The known and estimated geographical distribution of this species is less than 10 km2 in area and it has been recorded at only one locality, with a population size estimated at fewer than 250 mature individuals. Moreover, it should be noted that there is little natural regeneration of the species and few juvenile individuals present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1998-12-13" collectingDateMax="1999-07-11" collectingDateMin="1998-12-13" collectorName="El Tecolote, R. Cuevas, L. Guzman, J. Aragon, de La Naranjera, C. Palomera" country="Mexico" county="State" latitude="19.615278" location="El Tecolote" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-104.3075" municipality="Municipality of Casimiro Castillo" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jalisco">
<collectingCountry name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingCounty>State</collectingCounty>
of 
<collectingRegion country="Mexico" name="Jalisco">Jalisco</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality>Municipality of Casimiro Castillo</collectingMunicipality>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="cañada">canada</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06AA8D8DE18E5DAFB7843818DBB091A7:76C12F3D4EED6F9E2A4BCB3FF4B4D411" country="Mexico" county="State" latitude="19.615278" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-104.3075" municipality="Municipality of Casimiro Castillo" name="El Tecolote" stateProvince="Jalisco">El Tecolote</location>
</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="19.615278">19°36'55&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="104" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-104.3075">104°18'27&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="1998-12-13">13 December 1998</collectingDate>
(st), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>R. Cuevas</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>
L. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guzmán">Guzman</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>
J. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aragón">Aragon</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
6374
</emphasis>
(ZEA); 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>R. Cuevas</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>
L. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guzmán">Guzman</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>
J. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aragón">Aragon</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
6367
</emphasis>
(ZEA); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="cañada">canada</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>El Tecolote</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="06" value="19.618334">19°37'06&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="104" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-104.32472">104°19'29&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="1998-12-14">14 December 1998</collectingDate>
(st), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>R. Cuevas</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>
L. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guzmán">Guzman</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>
J. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aragón">Aragon</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
6413
</emphasis>
(ZEA); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="cañada">canada</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>de La Naranjera</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="20" value="19.622223">19°37'20&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="104" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-104.343895">104°20'38&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="1999-02-23">23 February 1999</collectingDate>
(ripe fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>R. Cuevas</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>
L. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guzmán">Guzman</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>
J. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aragón">Aragon</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
6571
</emphasis>
(ZEA); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="cañada">canada</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>de La Naranjera</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="21" value="19.6225">19°37'21&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="104" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-104.3425">104°20'33&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="1999-02-24">24 February 1999</collectingDate>
(ripe fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>R. Cuevas</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>
L. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guzmán">Guzman</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>
J. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aragón">Aragon</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
6591
</emphasis>
(ZEA); barranca 
<collectorName>de La Naranjera</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="19.615278">19°36'55&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="104" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-104.3075">104°18'27&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="1999-07-11">11 July 1999</collectingDate>
(immature fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>R. Cuevas</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>
L. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guzmán">Guzman</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>C. Palomera</collectorName>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>
J. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aragón">Aragon</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
6819
</emphasis>
(ZEA); 
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="19.615278">19°36'55&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="104" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-104.3075">104°18'27&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="1999-07-11">11 July 1999</collectingDate>
(fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>R. Cuevas</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>
L. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guzmán">Guzman</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>C. Palomera</collectorName>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<collectorName>
J. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aragón">Aragon</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
6820
</emphasis>
(ZEA)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
Due to its erect tepals, the exserted stamens with their filaments fused at the base, the anthers with large locules orientated in the longitudinal axis of the flower, with the valves opening upwards, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cuevas" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria ramiroi" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is classified in the 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="(Licaria) subsp. subgen." order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Licaria">subgen. Licaria</taxonomicName>
, within the group of species with exserted stamens and with the locules on the external surface of the anthers (
<bibRefCitation author="Kurz, H" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B10" refString="Kurz, H, 2000. Revision der Gattung Licaria (Lauraceae). Mitteilungen aus dem Institut fuer allgemeine Botanik in Hamburg 28/29: 89-221." title="Revision der Gattung Licaria (Lauraceae). Mitteilungen aus dem Institut fuer allgemeine Botanik in Hamburg 28 / 29: 89 - 221." year="2000">Kurz 2000</bibRefCitation>
). Morphological characters with narrow leaves with 12 or more secondary veins, the shape and size of the flowers, exserted stamens and the large sporangia covering most of the anther body and running lengthwise to the flower axis, relate 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cuevas" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria ramiroi" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to L. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria siphonantha" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siphonantha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria siphonantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lorea-Hern. but separates from this species by its fused tepals at its base, generally shorter and glabrous inflorescences, free anthers and the hypanthium internally sericeous (see Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphological differences amongst Licaria species and some additional information regarding their phenology and distribution. Information about the species was obtained from Burger &amp; van der Werff (1990) and Kurz (2000) for L. triandra and Lorea-Hernandez (2005) for L. siphonantha and the present study for L. ramiroi." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/392B45B23CFB2A9BDC9632390DF44024" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" tableUuid="392B45B23CFB2A9BDC9632390DF44024">1</tableCitation>
). The shape and size of the flowers, the tepals fused at their bases, the glands often fused at their bases with free apices, the size of the cupules in the fruit with strongly undulating margins, as well as the shape and size of the fruit, relate 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. ramiroi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the variable 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. triandra" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triandra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. triandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(sensu 
<bibRefCitation author="Kurz, H" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B10" refString="Kurz, H, 2000. Revision der Gattung Licaria (Lauraceae). Mitteilungen aus dem Institut fuer allgemeine Botanik in Hamburg 28/29: 89-221." title="Revision der Gattung Licaria (Lauraceae). Mitteilungen aus dem Institut fuer allgemeine Botanik in Hamburg 28 / 29: 89 - 221." year="2000">Kurz (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, including 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. cervantesii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervantesii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. cervantesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Kosterm. and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Misanteca" higherTaxonomySource="IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Misanteca nayaritensis" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="nayaritensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Misanteca nayaritensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lundell), the only species of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
recorded for western Mexico (
<bibRefCitation author="Kurz, H" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B10" refString="Kurz, H, 2000. Revision der Gattung Licaria (Lauraceae). Mitteilungen aus dem Institut fuer allgemeine Botanik in Hamburg 28/29: 89-221." title="Revision der Gattung Licaria (Lauraceae). Mitteilungen aus dem Institut fuer allgemeine Botanik in Hamburg 28 / 29: 89 - 221." year="2000">Kurz 2000</bibRefCitation>
), from which it is separated by the presence of stamens fused only in the filaments, while the anthers are generally free, an internally sericeous hypanthium and other characters that are presented in Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphological differences amongst Licaria species and some additional information regarding their phenology and distribution. Information about the species was obtained from Burger &amp; van der Werff (1990) and Kurz (2000) for L. triandra and Lorea-Hernandez (2005) for L. siphonantha and the present study for L. ramiroi." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/392B45B23CFB2A9BDC9632390DF44024" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" tableUuid="392B45B23CFB2A9BDC9632390DF44024">1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
A review of 60 flowers from two individuals (20 from one and 40 from the other) collected 23 years apart, suggests that the proportion of flowers with 3, 4 and 5 stamens in whorl III is more or less equal. This phenomenon observed in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. ramiroi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is something previously not recorded in the genus 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The evidence supporting the notion that they are all stamens of whorl III is that all of the anthers are extrorse and there is incomplete separation of stamen primordia and, when this occurs, some of these stamens can show a certain degree of fusion at the base of the anthers (see Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Licaria ramiroi Cuevas sp. nov. A stamen with two pairs of glands B ring of stamens, with the anthers showing locules and valves and three glands in the base C three stamens of a flower, one showing a sagittate locule (left), the other with an irregular locule (right) and several glands D four stamens of a flower with several glands E five stamens of a flower F fruits with their cupules G one fruit and two cupules, showing the outer and inner margins." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.218.94356.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/793798" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">2</figureCitation>
). Gradation is also observed in the locules that show an incomplete separation during development, sagittate locules and others with an irregular shape. Between four and eight glands were observed in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. ramiroi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, some of them free and others fused at their bases, but always with clearly separated apices (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Licaria ramiroi Cuevas sp. nov. A stamen with two pairs of glands B ring of stamens, with the anthers showing locules and valves and three glands in the base C three stamens of a flower, one showing a sagittate locule (left), the other with an irregular locule (right) and several glands D four stamens of a flower with several glands E five stamens of a flower F fruits with their cupules G one fruit and two cupules, showing the outer and inner margins." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.218.94356.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/793798" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">2</figureCitation>
). In 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. ramiroi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the development of more than three fertile stamens in whorl III, with the corresponding increase in glands, could be a teratological condition due to an environmental response, possibly to the infection of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
larvae, which were observed parasitising some of the dissected flowers. To determine if the aberrations observed in the flowers of the species are due to the presence of the indicated parasites, further research will be required.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.218.94356.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/793798" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cuevas" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria ramiroi" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Cuevas sp. nov. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">A</emphasis>
stamen with two pairs of glands 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">B</emphasis>
ring of stamens, with the anthers showing locules and valves and three glands in the base 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">C</emphasis>
three stamens of a flower, one showing a sagittate locule (left), the other with an irregular locule (right) and several glands 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">D</emphasis>
four stamens of a flower with several glands 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E</emphasis>
five stamens of a flower 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">F</emphasis>
fruits with their cupules 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">G</emphasis>
one fruit and two cupules, showing the outer and inner margins.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been a well-defined genus by its three bisporangiate fertile stamens in whorl III, the presence or absence of staminodes in whorls I and II and the lack of staminodes in whorl IV, a deep receptacle and a double-margined cupule (
<bibRefCitation author="Kurz, H" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B10" refString="Kurz, H, 2000. Revision der Gattung Licaria (Lauraceae). Mitteilungen aus dem Institut fuer allgemeine Botanik in Hamburg 28/29: 89-221." title="Revision der Gattung Licaria (Lauraceae). Mitteilungen aus dem Institut fuer allgemeine Botanik in Hamburg 28 / 29: 89 - 221." year="2000">Kurz 2000</bibRefCitation>
). Recent molecular studies have recovered a clade within the 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ocotea" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Ocotea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex called &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group and allies&quot;, which includes, in addition to 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, other genera with deep receptacles and a double-margined cupule, including species of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ocotea" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Ocotea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Aubl., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Aniba" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aniba" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Aniba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Aubl., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Dicypellium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dicypellium" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Dicypellium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Nees &amp; Mart., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Kubitzkia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kubitzkia" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Kubitzkia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
van der Werff, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Paraia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paraia" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Paraia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Rohwer, H.G. Richt. &amp; van der Werff and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Urbanodendron" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Urbanodendron" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Urbanodendron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mez (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boz010" author="Trofimov, D" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="25 - 50" refId="B18" refString="Trofimov, D, Rodriguez de Moraes, PL, Rohwer, JG, 2019. Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Ocotea complex (Lauraceae): Classification principles and reinstatement of Mespilodaphne. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 190 (1): 25 - 50, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boz010" title="Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Ocotea complex (Lauraceae): Classification principles and reinstatement of Mespilodaphne." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boz010" volume="190" year="2019">Trofimov et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
The double-margined cupule in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. ramiroi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
suggests a morphological connection to species in genera such as 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Aiouea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aiouea" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Aiouea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Aubl., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Damburneya" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Damburneya" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Damburneya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Raf. and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Mespilodaphne" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mespilodaphne" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Mespilodaphne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Nees &amp; Mart., especially with those with bisporangiate anthers. However, the species of these genera present other characteristics that are not recorded in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. ramiroi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as the fact that, in 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Aiouea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aiouea" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Aiouea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, there are staminodes in the fourth androecial whorl that show a large glandular head, generally chordate to sagittate (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/665.6" author="Rohde, R" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="1085 - 1111" refId="B16" refString="Rohde, R, Rudolph, B, Ruthe, K, Lorea-Hernandez, FG, Rodriguez de Moraes, PL, Li, J, Rohwer, JG, 2017. Neither Phoebe nor Cinnamomum - the tetrasporangiate species of Aiouea (Lauraceae). Taxon 66 (5): 1085 - 1111, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/665.6" title="Neither Phoebe nor Cinnamomum - the tetrasporangiate species of Aiouea (Lauraceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/665.6" volume="66" year="2017">Rohde et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
); in 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Damburneya" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Damburneya" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Damburneya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the tepals are adaxially pubescent at the base and generally papillose towards the tips (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/655.3" author="Trofimov, D" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="980 - 996" refId="B17" refString="Trofimov, D, Rudolph, B, Rohwer, JG, 2016. Phylogenetic study of the genus Nectandra (Lauraceae), and reinstatement of Damburneya. Taxon 65 (5): 980 - 996, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/655.3" title="Phylogenetic study of the genus Nectandra (Lauraceae), and reinstatement of Damburneya." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/655.3" volume="65" year="2016">Trofimov et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
) and both genera have nine fertile stamens, occasionally six or three in 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Aiouea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aiouea" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Aiouea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Mespilodaphne" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mespilodaphne" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Mespilodaphne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on the other hand, is a recently reinstated genus, it presents flowers with spreading tepals, tongue-shaped stamens, heavily papillose and tetrasporangiate (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boz010" author="Trofimov, D" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="25 - 50" refId="B18" refString="Trofimov, D, Rodriguez de Moraes, PL, Rohwer, JG, 2019. Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Ocotea complex (Lauraceae): Classification principles and reinstatement of Mespilodaphne. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 190 (1): 25 - 50, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boz010" title="Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Ocotea complex (Lauraceae): Classification principles and reinstatement of Mespilodaphne." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boz010" volume="190" year="2019">Trofimov et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="F.G.Lorea-Hernandez" authorityYear="1995" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Mocinnodaphne" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mocinnodaphne" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Mocinnodaphne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lorea-Hern., recently included in 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Aiouea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aiouea" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Aiouea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, meets most of the characters of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the exception of having well-developed staminodes in whorl IV (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.21829/abm32.1995.743" author="Lorea-Hernandez, FG" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Mexicana" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="25 - 32" refId="B11" refString="Lorea-Hernandez, FG, 1995. Mocinnodaphne, un genero nuevo de la familia Lauraceae en la flora de Mexico. Acta Botanica Mexicana 32 (32): 25 - 32, DOI: https://doi.org/10.21829/abm32.1995.743" title="Mocinnodaphne, un genero nuevo de la familia Lauraceae en la flora de Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.21829/abm32.1995.743" volume="32" year="1995">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lorea-Hernández">Lorea-Hernandez</normalizedToken>
1995
</bibRefCitation>
). Due to a set of characters present in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. ramiroi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as its deep receptacle, fertile stamens in the III whorl, bisporangiate, cupule with double margin, lack of staminodes in the first two whorls and the fourth, we consider that the best inclusion of the species is in 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
Understanding the morphological complexity of the &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Licaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Licaria" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Licaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group and allies&quot; within the 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ocotea" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Ocotea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex and taking into account the androecial morphology recorded in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. ramiroi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiroi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">L. ramiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, considering that it is a genetic condition, then the species could be relocated to another genus within the 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ocotea" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Ocotea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex, but it would be necessary to wait for the species to be included in some molecular study to better define its phylogenetic relationships.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>