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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="3726" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.72474" ID-GBIF-Dataset="11e327fb-5ef8-4d85-bd77-e92a1dab8c3f" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2535-0730-2-275" ID-Pensoft-UUID="671FAEEE86B25BE9A720A18193BC42B1" ID-ZooBank="9AC22770F3004265A21F841EA364FFD5" ModsDocID="2535-0730-5-2-275" checkinTime="1635891665621" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Framenau, Volker W., Baptista, Renner L. C., Oliveira, Francisca Samia M. &amp; Castanheira, Pedro de S." docDate="2021" docId="B4EF1B9AEFAA50A3B37AE18D8D3512E7" docLanguage="en" docName="EvolutSyst 5(2): 275-334" docOrigin="Evolutionary Systematics 5 (2)" docPubDate="2021-11-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.72474" docTitle="Hortophora capitalis Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira 2021, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="671FAEEE86B25BE9A720A18193BC42B1" lastPageNumber="275" masterDocId="671FAEEE86B25BE9A720A18193BC42B1" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the new spider genus Hortophora, the Australasian Garden Orb-weavers (Araneae, Araneidae)" masterLastPageNumber="334" masterPageNumber="275" pageNumber="275" updateTime="1732937557472" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7C3176A2C460E37CC4436D98FF48A609">Taxonomic revision of the new spider genus Hortophora, the Australasian Garden Orb-weavers (Araneae, Araneidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="ACB7B93ED66DDD4E6BE4C37D40091E40" type="personal">
<mods:role id="63B76C78A10BCDF5961EA8E331C7B3AB">
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<mods:namePart id="1A4C16E218A6B58F6F07F9D5A070F66C">Framenau, Volker W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6DF12DABAB80D5220280A9C152D9D849" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7724-3831</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="5B3013BF7F5A5EAF1F94B98C9B830DAA">Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia &amp; Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, Western Australia 6103, Australia &amp; Zoological Museum Hamburg, Leibnitz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Centre for Taxonomy &amp; Morphology, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A37C3B730AC238ECFE608771042D8472" type="email">volker.framenau@murdoch.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="ED75818D9EC11333CD388D5407400689">Baptista, Renner L. C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3ECF53CE90CE2E6C44DF15DA823BCC02">Laboratorio de Diversidade de Aracnideos, Universidade do Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, 21941 - 902, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B101CF00C7780458A1D16FF430577508">Oliveira, Francisca Samia M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2FC1A9D8258C9ACC4502B686D08B42EA">Laboratorio de Diversidade de Aracnideos, Universidade do Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, 21941 - 902, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="37145D48368070DFFB2CBEEFB619FCB3">Castanheira, Pedro de S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3CC06E0B391BA98107B04868C17E8EA9" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0623-1622</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8D5845004561F94E4737E404CD0A61BC">Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia &amp; Laboratorio de Diversidade de Aracnideos, Universidade do Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, 21941 - 902, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="731FCA6550360C208D6BC53E48F861C5">Evolutionary Systematics</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F97E30228261F606EE2A33B0ADB8D11D">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="B4EF1B9AEFAA50A3B37AE18D8D3512E7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190303382" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B4EF1B9AEFAA50A3B37AE18D8D3512E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4EF1B9AEFAA50A3B37AE18D8D3512E7" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" scope_class="Arachnida" scope_family="Araneidae" scope_order="Araneae">
<subSubSection id="A051B651E49A9C98F235319566683B2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1C9E46757386729511AA1901CFD90E1E" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName id="60EB2824F718C8C685BF58AC21E8ECF9" ID-CoL="98YN6" LSID="B4EF1B9A-EFAA-50A3-B37A-E18D8D3512E7" authority="(L. Koch, 1871)" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Hortophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hortophora capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis" status="comb. nov.">Hortophora capitalis (L. Koch, 1871)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72A67A23137DD0121CFB5FD8442C9CE4" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E542554F34A7F78A22548F1CAEC34B3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<figureCitation id="B34A43F6E9FB922910959526DAC113D2" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Hortophora capitalis comb. nov., holotype female from Ovalau (Fiji) ZMH (Rack (1961) - catalogue 227). A. dorsal habitus; B. ventral habitus; C. epigyne, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/606216" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Fig. 36A-C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9176BAD3E7C1F7C21CFB98277CB29223" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4A9067B3E133B786CBADE57734A053EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName id="A556BB7D87ED45A2BE2D717DA44AF2D2" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Epeira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeira capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis" status="comb. nov.">Epeira capitalis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="B1691FAB72FF2100555B6344D24A6EC4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.121660" author="Koch, L" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" refId="B25" refString="Koch, L, 1871. Die Arachniden Australiens nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet. 1. Theil. 1. Lieferung. Verlag von Bauer und Raspe, Nuernberg, pg. 1-104, pl. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.121660" title="Die Arachniden Australiens nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet. 1. Theil. 1. Lieferung. Verlag von Bauer und Raspe, Nuernberg, pg. 1 - 104, pl. 1 - 8." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.121660" year="1871">Koch 1871</bibRefCitation>
: 58-59, plate 5, figs 1, 1a.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="907D27A4DFC2DE179E2C131EF99120EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName id="3745EE41B49B56A6272936A426B9B2AA" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Epeira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeira capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis" status="comb. nov.">Epeira capitalis</taxonomicName>
L. Koch.-
<bibRefCitation id="7649D4D25A0F3C2507F94ADCE170E9D0" author="Hogg, HR" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="137 - 146" refId="B15" refString="Hogg, HR, 1899. Notes on some spiders from the Upper Endeavour River, Queensland, with description of two new species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 11: 137 - 146" title="Notes on some spiders from the Upper Endeavour River, Queensland, with description of two new species." volume="11" year="1899">Hogg 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 139-140, pl. 13, figs 3, 3a-d, 4b (misidentification; these records refer either
<taxonomicName id="94D40B8248AD7B1E68C12A201F34B3F5" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. biapicata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biapicata" status="comb. nov.">H. biapicata</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. or
<taxonomicName id="23A97141848483107E7DA540029C8B8E" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. transmarina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transmarina" status="comb. nov.">H. transmarina</taxonomicName>
comb. nov.; see Remarks).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3584C9758A89CB846A9BE841D08A584C" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName id="958AE85B128C2C7B070C4596326D4222" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis" status="comb. nov.">Araneus capitalis</taxonomicName>
(L. Koch).-
<bibRefCitation id="CCF829572E4F3C32210A222E65C1B744" author="Berland, L" journalOrPublisher="Nova Caledonia, Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="159 - 255" refId="B2" refString="Berland, L, 1924. Araigees de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et des Iles Loyalty. Nova Caledonia, Zoologie 3: 159 - 255" title="Araigees de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et des Iles Loyalty." volume="3" year="1924">Berland 1924</bibRefCitation>
: 220;
<bibRefCitation id="98AC1B219E79CFE0B4577AFAE627CC85" author="Berland, L" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="121 - 190" refId="B3" refString="Berland, L, 1938. Araignees des Nouvelles-Hebrides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 107: 121 - 190" title="Araignees des Nouvelles-Hebrides." volume="107" year="1938">Berland 1938</bibRefCitation>
: 173, figs 129-130.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="20DE588B9EE66C5BF149FAA937A298E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="type material">
<paragraph id="498F2DA0D7930468B7C55740FDC13833" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB33C3B22712776904CE4725D8C404AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis id="BA711593A3A02F0C925FA25E6D3786CD" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Holotype</emphasis>
of
<taxonomicName id="E18679F6B98DCAD3C1C36D13C4F7E4A5" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Epeira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeira capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis">
<emphasis id="A184179684350221F0D854F49BB8D33D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Epeira capitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. Koch, 1871: Female, from Ovalau (
<geoCoordinate id="F9E30F06ECE0782CD39958BEBEB3950C" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-17.683332">17°41'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0D5A5DDD7F80188496BA4334F710C31E" degrees="178" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.8">178°48'E</geoCoordinate>
, Fiji) ZMH ((
<bibRefCitation id="AB3B4FD62B5FA74DF46771972A845199" author="Rack, G" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen des Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museums und Instituts" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="1 - 60" refId="B36" refString="Rack, G, 1961. Die Entomologischen Sammlungen des Zoologischen Staatsinstituts und Zoologischen Museums Hamburg. II. Teil. Chelicerata II: Araneae. Mitteilungen des Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museums und Instituts 59: 1 - 60" title="Die Entomologischen Sammlungen des Zoologischen Staatsinstituts und Zoologischen Museums Hamburg. II. Teil. Chelicerata II: Araneae." volume="59" year="1961">Rack 1961</bibRefCitation>
)-catalogue no. 227). Examined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2E8313FCD7D3295A1DE3E7685276BC88" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="0B4C11883D248881EA0806CA280A6696" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A22961D1C2F5D3D178B816AA73D897C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<bibRefCitation id="B129DC72ADF3AF1A548513CCE55E1422" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO9661157" author="Dondale, CD" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="1157 - 1192" refId="B8" refString="Dondale, CD, 1966. The spider fauna (Araneida) of deciduous orchards in the Australian Capital Territory. Australian Journal of Zoology 14: 1157 - 1192, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO9661157" title="The spider fauna (Araneida) of deciduous orchards in the Australian Capital Territory." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO9661157" volume="14" year="1966">Dondale (1966)</bibRefCitation>
listed
<taxonomicName id="E5CC13743912BFA15965067831351680" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Epeira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeira capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis">
<emphasis id="4426BDB24BD251F95B6F2C859CA91296" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Epeira capitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. Koch, 1871 as junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="11152E1F4ED3AECD8401ECEDF7681A0E" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. transmarina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transmarina">
<emphasis id="17BA506646364D4968BC91A685BE94F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. transmarina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. and the holotype of this species from Fiji has therefore been examined as part of this study. Its current synonymy with
<taxonomicName id="940B199ECFF9DBDE8E4F641D14C5C06C" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. transmarina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transmarina">
<emphasis id="291DE7521A69DAD446857E8B84D897CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. transmarina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. cannot be confirmed as the epigyne base is narrow without visible baso-lateral flaps, much more like that of
<taxonomicName id="397F41E71CD5CB42B560CC18FA9ABBCB" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. biapicata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biapicata">
<emphasis id="02BC4A2C86A6D8566B81060AC5D1E1F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. biapicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. However, having not had the opportunity to examine topotypical males, the most prudent solution is to revalidate this species pending a revision of Pacific
<taxonomicName id="203F4A766FDDA4B58E150F59D0E717BF" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Hortophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hortophora" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="61698D923D1B312D5753E314E27ADA18" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Hortophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. The species is here transferred to
<taxonomicName id="AD233072A60912DD867FC2C564E148CC" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Hortophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hortophora" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="13D646018E6C6CA9CDEFDFF7EAF1A842" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Hortophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. due to the similarities with the above-mentioned two species, thereby conforming to the generic diagnostic of
<taxonomicName id="9157FEE84ED003994BFA31E7B340235F" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Hortophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hortophora" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B887DEDF97EF9207A9FCDD3AD05CE02" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Hortophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov., specifically the highly elongated epigyne scape (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C83C010B0843849BE13F7A579C7397A0" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Hortophora capitalis comb. nov., holotype female from Ovalau (Fiji) ZMH (Rack (1961) - catalogue 227). A. dorsal habitus; B. ventral habitus; C. epigyne, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/606216" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">36A-C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="82381C02D829A2474F5565098D0D4A6A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/606216" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" start="Figure 36" startId="F36">
<paragraph id="D5555E38285986E2D4B9284CFB6C4BC1" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis id="0FB7BF6CDA8F8F59EFF6D08800CC3574" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Figure 36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8E7D24E942C37116156E5FCCAFB9C7B6" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Hortophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hortophora capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis">
<emphasis id="A9AB42B409AF5B98835497AB0CBB20B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Hortophora capitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov., holotype female from Ovalau (Fiji) ZMH (
<bibRefCitation id="C3EDDE3F0F24CA2AABB31F090194B46F" author="Rack, G" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen des Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museums und Instituts" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="1 - 60" refId="B36" refString="Rack, G, 1961. Die Entomologischen Sammlungen des Zoologischen Staatsinstituts und Zoologischen Museums Hamburg. II. Teil. Chelicerata II: Araneae. Mitteilungen des Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museums und Instituts 59: 1 - 60" title="Die Entomologischen Sammlungen des Zoologischen Staatsinstituts und Zoologischen Museums Hamburg. II. Teil. Chelicerata II: Araneae." volume="59" year="1961">Rack (1961)</bibRefCitation>
-catalogue 227).
<emphasis id="321A60592901BD275AD2F6B96F80AFEC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">A.</emphasis>
dorsal habitus; B. ventral habitus;
<emphasis id="DFD9BB5A1687C02B1BF9AEF1EEEF6473" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C.</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A8AF5D9377F3A99F625C73C37B600DDA" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<bibRefCitation id="3DD3BACE2B869E7C7D460648A8144B78" author="Berland, L" journalOrPublisher="Nova Caledonia, Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="159 - 255" refId="B2" refString="Berland, L, 1924. Araigees de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et des Iles Loyalty. Nova Caledonia, Zoologie 3: 159 - 255" title="Araigees de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et des Iles Loyalty." volume="3" year="1924">Berland (1924)</bibRefCitation>
reported the
<taxonomicName id="D5BB6E4687AB62634A62BFFDA48FFBF2" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis">
<emphasis id="C88B60736469DCA521F5CFAD5A1779AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. capitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. from New Caledonia without specimen details, but differentiated it from
<taxonomicName id="DD6AEA151CC6F7D072BD0B5B91C99116" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. flavicoma" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicoma">
<emphasis id="9DC3B39892FD0D42C05D4F004C5AC718" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. flavicoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. by somatic (colouration of the abdomen) and genitalic (length of epigyne scape) characters.
<bibRefCitation id="78A060894C123DC97E7309552D6F61CB" author="Berland, L" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="121 - 190" refId="B3" refString="Berland, L, 1938. Araignees des Nouvelles-Hebrides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 107: 121 - 190" title="Araignees des Nouvelles-Hebrides." volume="107" year="1938">Berland (1938)</bibRefCitation>
reported males and females of
<taxonomicName id="A44F33AAB1E4253DD34E2659020E82B1" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis">
<emphasis id="44CFE5C6B199E55382DF397CEE8DF6E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. capitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. from the New Hebrides, now Vanuatu. Taking the similarities of female
<taxonomicName id="8F6324584972D137B64A9E9878E0EEC8" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Hortophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hortophora" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="20C8F9E3DE292127C9F2A28DECB3FB96" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Hortophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. into account, we caution to accept his identifications until males of the species from the type locality are known and their genitalia examined in detail. We did not examine
<bibRefCitation id="042BC342447BD02D3F6D653497911D45" author="Berland, L" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="121 - 190" refId="B3" refString="Berland, L, 1938. Araignees des Nouvelles-Hebrides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 107: 121 - 190" title="Araignees des Nouvelles-Hebrides." volume="107" year="1938">
<normalizedToken id="F1ED5DC22E0F91ECAC83E95429A72D32" originalValue="Berland’s">Berland's</normalizedToken>
(1938)
</bibRefCitation>
material, likely deposited in Paris.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3EBFA7B2BFA1C71C31305E43ECF3C688" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<bibRefCitation id="25EAC3631658FD37FA73DBE485C9CACF" author="Hogg, HR" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="137 - 146" refId="B15" refString="Hogg, HR, 1899. Notes on some spiders from the Upper Endeavour River, Queensland, with description of two new species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 11: 137 - 146" title="Notes on some spiders from the Upper Endeavour River, Queensland, with description of two new species." volume="11" year="1899">Hogg (1899)</bibRefCitation>
reported
<taxonomicName id="88FD3FB138C2D7F24D9AFA4953210BE9" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis">
<emphasis id="A3118C11883E853F2B6E11BC37853ACD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. capitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. and
<taxonomicName id="215D421039B898682DEAE9893B0AABC5" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. transmarina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transmarina">
<emphasis id="7FD5EC1EA9EFFF95FA8F896073AB0E4F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. transmarina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. (as
<taxonomicName id="0B7D66C1ADC70F8876EB3A19243859BA" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Epeira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeira producta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="producta">
<emphasis id="856418DD425DC41E67F91008D437694F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Epeira producta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) from near Cooktown in northern Queensland. He discusses the differences of these species and his
<taxonomicName id="31649F033D7A334085B9CBA37768F2BC" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Epeira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeira frostii" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frostii">
<emphasis id="A3D360329A9B56B0BBFBC8CADA602635" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Epeira frostii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="573F95DB07187970FF72DFDFBCEDA166" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. biapicata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biapicata">
<emphasis id="D92EDFD6F63D4D987473B230082C2EB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. biapicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov.) in some detail and concludes that
<normalizedToken id="9BA80310D5999B634B3BEAB182686C1A" originalValue="“…">&quot;...</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="E08F3C0115B8E15992FDDD83E6F00D36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">the whole three species are, at most, local varieties of the same</emphasis>
&quot;. He stayed, however, short of synonymising them. Curiously, he illustrated the epigyne of both
<taxonomicName id="580E0AEFA62AA3E63439C10E8394C7E4" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis">
<emphasis id="DAB1D2024B4CE4E5F3AA311F31738099" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. capitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. and
<taxonomicName id="DFEA22E9429BEE325B1F592D036DAA37" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. transmarina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transmarina">
<emphasis id="832A14CC12C3174D1FD915D8E3C09315" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. transmarina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. in a single image (
<bibRefCitation id="E33476134CD2E838D3D2312BDB74900F" author="Hogg, HR" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="137 - 146" refId="B15" refString="Hogg, HR, 1899. Notes on some spiders from the Upper Endeavour River, Queensland, with description of two new species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 11: 137 - 146" title="Notes on some spiders from the Upper Endeavour River, Queensland, with description of two new species." volume="11" year="1899">Hogg 1899</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4b &quot;Epigyne of
<taxonomicName id="77DD5294C59305EEA209589146A6544D" lsidName="E. capitalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="capitalis">
<emphasis id="6EA8D64C9A9AF756F3355953D63AE4D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">E. capitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="AAB775C5BE1C9A1495DF9C690445B84F" lsidName="E. producta" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="producta">
<emphasis id="5A268836E66494952C74DC7A41182937" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">E. producta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot;). It is clear, that H.R. Hogg was unable to clearly delineate the two species, specifically as he did not examine mature males. It is also clear that his record of
<taxonomicName id="48A663B918FEEDB54ABFD47B58319C98" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. capitalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis">
<emphasis id="2782C7259B2F7E0A7ED0060699194F66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. capitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. refers to either
<taxonomicName id="F9EE7EA21BFDF90F1F2109350F347D6E" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. biapicata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biapicata">
<emphasis id="17A3531AC70F79E62DF500923B4BBAE8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. biapicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. or
<taxonomicName id="923E47B19EBB0780783642FF74BE1827" authorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Framenau &amp; Baptista &amp; Oliveira &amp; Castanheira" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. transmarina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transmarina">
<emphasis id="64D580C805D3ACA58DF129B9ADB9348C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">H. transmarina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. We found both species in Cooktown (see Appendix 1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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