154 lines
15 KiB
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154 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.524.5951" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c5043ce0-d119-4259-9ffc-8a00ed82d649" ID-PMC="PMC4602291" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-524-65" ID-PubMed="26478706" ID-ZBK="B34E97F130E341BDA03273BDDF60020A" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-524-65" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 524" ModsDocTitle="Immatures of the New World treehopper tribe Amastrini (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae) with a key to genera" checkinTime="1451243945843" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="McKamey, Stuart H., Wallner, Adam M. & Porter, Mitchell J." docDate="2015" docId="A63C8255F86F9D0055C3AAE7067A8CBB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 524: 65-87" docOrigin="ZooKeys 524" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.524.5951" docTitle="Vanduzea Goding" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="80" masterDocId="FFC1343DFFC6135EFFEAA50BFFB2BB78" masterDocTitle="Immatures of the New World treehopper tribe Amastrini (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae) with a key to genera" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="65" pageNumber="77" updateTime="1668160812178" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Immatures of the New World treehopper tribe Amastrini (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae) with a key to genera</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>McKamey, Stuart H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wallner, Adam M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Porter, Mitchell J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>524</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>65</mods:start>
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<mods:end>87</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.524.5951</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.524.5951</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-524-65</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">B34E97F130E341BDA03273BDDF60020A</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B34E97F130E341BDA03273BDDF60020A</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152062562" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A63C8255F86F9D0055C3AAE7067A8CBB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A63C8255F86F9D0055C3AAE7067A8CBB" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="77" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="77">Taxon classification Animalia Hemiptera Membracidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="77" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName authority="Goding" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Vanduzea Goding</taxonomicName>
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Figs 35-37, 38-41, 61-64
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="78" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="78">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="78" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="78">Head and thorax without scoli; meso and metanota with enlarged cluster of chalazae (Fig. 40), terga III-VIII each with pair of short, densely chalazal scoli (Fig. 41).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="78" type="nymphal description">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="78">Nymphal description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="78">Overall body. Chalazal setae long; dorsal contour of abdomen in lateral view curvilinear; scoli parallel. Head. Scoli absent; chalazal setae simple, hairlike. Prothorax. Without pre- or postmetopidium scoli; posterior extension of pronotum surpassing anterior but no posterior margin of metanotum. Mesothorax. With paired cluster of enlarged chalazae dorsally; scoli absent; forewing pad costal margin straight, without costal chalazae; forewing pad densely covered with chalazae, chalazal setae long. Metathorax. With paired cluster of enlarged chalazae dorsally. Legs. Chalazae of tibia on lateral margins and many on dorsal surface. Abdomen. Terga III-VIII ventrolateral margins without enlarged chalazae; terga III-VIII dorsal scoli all subequal in size, tallest dorsal scoli 2-4 5 basal width; tergum IV dorsal scoli directed dorsally; terga III-VIII lateral rows not manifested; tergum III with paired apically acute scoli dorsally. Segment IX. Dorsal length subequal to combined length of remaining visible abdominal terga or at least V-VIII; without dorsal enlarged chalazae or scoli at apex; ventral extension subequal to dorsal extension.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="13" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="78">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="13" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea arquata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arquata">Vanduzea arquata</taxonomicName>
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Say, 1 adult, 1 nymph, USA: Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick, 2 August 1994, M.J. Rothschild, near Linden, Virginia,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="79" start="start">March</pageBreakToken>
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28, 1922 (USNM), 1 nymph, 1 adult, USA: North Carolina, Wake Co., Raleigh, 8 Aug 1986, S.H. McKamey lot #86-0808-2 (USNM),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Robinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Robinia pseudoacacia" order="Fabales" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoacacia">Robinia pseudoacacia</taxonomicName>
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L.,
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<taxonomicName family="Fabaceae" lsidName="Auchenorrhyncha" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea laeta" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">Vanduzea laeta</taxonomicName>
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Goding, 1 adult, 4 nymphs, USA: Tuscon, Arizona, 5-12-29 E.D. Ball (USNM);
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea nolina" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nolina">Vanduzea nolina</taxonomicName>
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Ball, 1 adult, 1 nymph, Nogales, E.D. Ball, Ar., 8-14-35, 7-30-37 (USNM);
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea segmentata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="segmentata">Vanduzea segmentata</taxonomicName>
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Fowler, 1 adult, 1 nymph, USA: Brownsville, Texas, 5-3-38, Los Angles Co., California (USNM);
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea triguttata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triguttata">Vanduzea triguttata</taxonomicName>
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(Burmeister), 1 adult, 1 nymph, USA: Tucson, Arizona, June 16, 1933, P.W. Oman, (USNM).
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Vanduzea</taxonomicName>
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sp. 1, 1 adult, 1 nymph, ECUADOR (USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="79" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="79">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="79">Northern South America northward to Canada, Hawaii.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="79">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="14" pageNumber="79">
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Similar to other
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" rank="tribe" tribe="Amastrini">Amastrini</taxonomicName>
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genera,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Vanduzea</taxonomicName>
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aggregate on their host plants and some species, for example
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea arquata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arquata">Vanduzea arquata</taxonomicName>
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(Funkhouser, 1915), are tended by
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Formica</taxonomicName>
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ants (
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<bibRefCitation author="Funkhouser, WD" journalOrPublisher="Psyche" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="183 - 199" title="The life history of Vanduzeaarquata Say (Membracidae)." url="10.1155/1915/58763" volume="22" year="1915">Funkhouser 1915</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Fritz, RS" journalOrPublisher="Ecology" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="789 - 797" title="Ant protection of a host plant's defoliator: consequence of an ant-membracid mutualism." url="10.2307/1937202" volume="64" year="1983">Fritz 1983</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Crocroft, RB" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Insect Behavior" pageId="17" pageNumber="82" pagination="79 - 95" title="The social environment of an aggregating ant-attended treehopper (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Vanduzeaarquata)." url="10.1023/A:1022801429033" volume="16" year="2003">Crocroft 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). These treehoppers feed
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<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="80" start="start">on</pageBreakToken>
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herbaceous and woody dicot hosts, such as
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Albizia julibrisson" order="Fabales" pageId="15" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="julibrisson">Albizia julibrisson</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Citrus" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Citrus</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melilotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melilotus alba" order="Fabales" pageId="15" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alba">Melilotus alba</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bidens alba" order="Asterales" pageId="15" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alba">Bidens alba</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName genus="Eupetorium" lsidName="Eupetorium capillofolium" pageId="15" pageNumber="80" rank="species" species="capillofolium">Eupetorium capillofolium</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lespedeza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lespedeza" order="Fabales" pageId="15" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lespedeza</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="15" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
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sp., and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Robinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Robinia pseudoacacia" order="Fabales" pageId="15" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoacacia">Robinia pseudoacacia</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Kopp, DD" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="375 - 421" title="The treehoppers of Missouri: Part 3. Subfamily Smiliinae; tribe Smiliini." volume="46" year="1973">Kopp and Yonke 1973</bibRefCitation>
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c,
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<bibRefCitation author="Dietrich, CH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="17" pageNumber="82" pagination="242 - 262" title="Checklist and host plants of the treehoppers (Hemiptera: Membracidae) of North Carolina." volume="101" year="1999">Dietrich et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Vanduzea</taxonomicName>
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is a common and widespread genus in the Nearctic, Neotropics, West Indies, and has been introduced to the Hawaiian Islands (
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<bibRefCitation author="Deitz, LL" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="17" pageNumber="82" pagination="1 - 26" title="Richness of the Nearctic treehopper fauna (Hemiptera: Aetalionidae and Membracidae)." volume="3423" year="2012">Deitz and Wallace 2012</bibRefCitation>
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). SHM has observed them in Hawaii tended by ants, which are also introduced.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="80" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="80">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="80">
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The nymph of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea laeta" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">Vanduzea laeta</taxonomicName>
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has unequal but not posteriorly increasing or decreasing sizes of abdominal scoli with greatly elongate scoli on terga IV and V (Fig. 36). In contrast,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Vanduzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vanduzea laeta" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="laeta" subspecies="nolina">Vanduzea laeta nolina</taxonomicName>
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has abdominal scoli that are subequal in length and all short (Fig. 37), so the latter is here elevated to specific status.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |