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<mods:title id="0631F09EF0EF5ACE862FA38E0A272225">Taxonomy of the genus Periacma Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Autostichidae) from China, with a checklist of the world species</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="5A6736CEAC20FFC233C0977D2B9BFAA7" blockId="14.[151,688,1333,1396]" box="[151,688,1333,1360]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<heading id="012F81A2AC20FFC233C0977D2B9BFAA7" bold="true" box="[151,688,1333,1360]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="9DD84D4DAC20FFC233C0977D2B9BFAA7" authority=", Ueda et Moriuti, 1996" authorityName=", Ueda et Moriuti" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,688,1333,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Autostichidae" genus="Periacma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalensis">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC233C0977D2B9BFAA7" bold="true" box="[151,688,1333,1360]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC233C0977D28BAFAA7" bold="true" box="[151,401,1333,1360]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Periacma nepalensis</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3E494B3FAC20FFC232F7977D2B9BFAA7" author="Ueda, T. &amp; Moriuti, S." box="[416,688,1333,1360]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="19 - 24" refId="ref17509" refString="Ueda, T. &amp; Moriuti, S. (1996) Three new species of the genus Periacma from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). Bulletin of the University of Osaka Prefecture, (B) 48, 19 - 24." type="journal article" year="1996">
Ueda
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC232BE977D28D5FAA7" bold="true" box="[489,510,1334,1360]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">et</emphasis>
Moriuti, 1996
</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="12C26545AC20FFC233C09711287AFA83" box="[151,337,1370,1396]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="description">
<paragraph id="5A6736CEAC20FFC233C09711287AFA83" blockId="14.[151,688,1333,1396]" box="[151,337,1370,1396]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
(
<figureCitation id="C2E32A4BAC20FFC233C8971129DDFA83" box="[159,246,1370,1396]" captionStart="FIGURES 1018" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,194,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[158,1430,181,1793]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1018. Adults of Periacma spp. 10. P. platygnatha sp. nov., holotype; 11. P. ludingensis sp. nov., holotype; 12. P. mediacantha sp. nov., holotype; 13. P. nakhonnayokensis; 14. P. nepalensis; 15. P. rectignatha; 16. P. securiformis sp. nov., holotype; 17. P. solitaridens sp. nov., holotype; 18. P. subaequalis sp. nov., holotype. Scales = 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493951/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Figs 14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C2E32A4BAC20FFC232559711280BFA83" box="[258,288,1370,1396]" captionStart="FIGURES 2932" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1132,1156]" captionTargetBox="[171,1414,194,1096]" captionTargetId="figure-22@16.[159,1427,181,1108]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 2932. Male genitalia of Periacma spp.29.P.nepalensis, slide No. XZX20769; 30. P. securiformis sp. nov., holotype, slide No. LiSR16146; 31. P. solitaridens sp. nov., holotype, slide No. XZX20615; 32. P. subaequalis sp. nov., holotype, slide No. XZX20520. Scales = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493957/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">29</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C2E32A4BAC20FFC2327B97112862FA83" box="[300,329,1370,1396]" captionStart="FIGURES 3944" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,190,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[214,1373,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 3944. Female genitalia of Periacma spp. 39. P. lianzhouensis, comb. nov., slide No. HS14110; 40. P. platygnatha sp. nov., paratype, slide No. XZX20689; 41. P. ludingensis sp. nov., paratype, slide No. XZX20614; 42. P. nepalensis, slide No. XZX20770; 43. P. Rectignatha, slide No. ZXJ18064; 44. P. subaequalis sp. nov., paratype, slide No. XZX20625. Scales = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493961" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493961/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">42</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="12C26545AC20FFC233C097D42A41FA41" box="[151,874,1438,1462]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="5A6736CEAC20FFC233C097D42A41FA41" blockId="14.[151,874,1438,1462]" box="[151,874,1438,1462]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="7AC811E0AC20FFC233C097D42A41FA41" box="[151,874,1438,1462]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<treatmentCitation id="DB7910DFAC20FFC233C097D42BA9FA41" author="Ueda, T. &amp; Moriuti, S." box="[151,642,1438,1462]" page="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" year="1996">
<taxonomicName id="9DD84D4DAC20FFC233C097D42BA9FA41" authority=", Ueda et Moriuti, 1996: 20" authorityName=", Ueda et Moriuti" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,642,1438,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Autostichidae" genus="Periacma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalensis">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC233C097D42840FA41" box="[151,363,1438,1462]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Periacma nepalensis</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3E494B3FAC20FFC2322F97D52BA9FA41" author="Ueda, T. &amp; Moriuti, S." box="[376,642,1438,1462]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="19 - 24" refId="ref17509" refString="Ueda, T. &amp; Moriuti, S. (1996) Three new species of the genus Periacma from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). Bulletin of the University of Osaka Prefecture, (B) 48, 19 - 24." type="journal article" year="1996">
Ueda
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC232E497D428EEFA41" box="[435,453,1439,1462]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">et</emphasis>
Moriuti, 1996: 20
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. TL:
<collectingCountry id="22CF765EAC20FFC231EF97D52BD3FA41" box="[696,760,1438,1462]" name="Nepal" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Nepal</collectingCountry>
. TD: OPU.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="12C26545AC20FFC233C097AF2A56F9D4" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC233C097AF28AAFA09" bold="true" box="[151,385,1508,1534]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="EAB03C93AC20FFC232DE97AF2A47F9D4" collectingDate="2019-07-08" collectionCode="XZX" collectorName="MJ Qi &amp; JQ Deng" country="China" county="Nielamu County" elevation="1961" location="Zhangmu Town" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" specimenCode="XZX20769, XZX20861, XZX20770" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Xizang">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC232DE97AF2B79FA09" bold="true" box="[393,594,1508,1534]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<collectingCountry id="22CF765EAC20FFC232DE97AF28C3FA09" box="[393,488,1508,1534]" name="China" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">CHINA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="981CF82CAC20FFC232A297AF2B66FA09" box="[501,589,1508,1534]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Xizang</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="4CDEFD47AC20FFC2310D97AD2B8AF9F6" box="[602,673,1510,1537]" count="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="female">3♂4♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="5F076015AC20FFC231F997AF2A48FA08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D27187D8AC20FFC333C0977D2CBCFCE2:5F076015AC20FFC231F997AF2A48FA08" box="[686,867,1508,1535]" country="China" county="Nielamu County" name="Zhangmu Town" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" stateProvince="Xizang">Zhangmu Town</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="B3064E42AC20FFC2303897AF2D00FA08" box="[879,1067,1508,1535]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Nielamu County</collectingCounty>
,
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<elevation id="D1F5D1FDAC20FFC2376197AF2DA5FA08" box="[1078,1166,1508,1535]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9609999999999999" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="1961.0">1961 m</elevation>
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,
<date id="2E66100EAC20FFC237CD97AE2C3CFA08" box="[1178,1303,1509,1535]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" value="2019-07-08">
<collectingDate id="3E22E9E6AC20FFC237CD97AE2C3CFA08" box="[1178,1303,1509,1535]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" value="2019-07-08">8.VII.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="F72D5318AC20FFC2360297AE2CB7FA09" box="[1365,1436,1508,1535]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">MJ Qi</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="F72D5318AC20FFC233E394422832F9D4" box="[180,281,1545,1571]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">JQ Deng</collectorName>
, slide Nos.
<specimenCode id="0A7E9EB5AC20FFC232CB94412B0EF9D2" box="[412,549,1546,1573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">XZX20769</specimenCode>
♂,
<specimenCode id="0A7E9EB5AC20FFC2316994412BE3F9D2" box="[574,712,1546,1573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">XZX20861</specimenCode>
♂,
<specimenCode id="0A7E9EB5AC20FFC231B694422A47F9D4" box="[737,876,1545,1571]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">XZX20770</specimenCode>
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<specimenCount id="4CDEFD47AC20FFC2303B94422A52F9D4" box="[876,889,1545,1571]" count="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="female"></specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="12C26545AC20FFC2339094672D9BF978" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5A6736CEAC20FFC2339094672D9BF978" blockId="14.[151,1437,1508,2039]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC2339094672869F9B1" bold="true" box="[199,322,1580,1606]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9DD84D4DAC20FFC2321B94662B11F9B1" authorityName=", Ueda et Moriuti" authorityYear="1996" box="[332,570,1580,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Autostichidae" genus="Periacma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalensis">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC2321B94662B11F9B1" box="[332,570,1580,1606]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Periacma nepalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similiar to
<taxonomicName id="9DD84D4DAC20FFC231B394662D87F9B1" authority=", Moriuti et Ueda, 1996" authorityName=", Moriuti et Ueda" authorityYear="1996" box="[740,1196,1580,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Autostichidae" genus="Periacma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC231B394662ABEF9B1" box="[740,917,1580,1606]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">P. himalayensis</emphasis>
, Moriuti
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC2375F94662D37F9B1" box="[1032,1052,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">et</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3E494B3FAC20FFC2377094672D87F9B1" author="Ueda, T. &amp; Moriuti, S." box="[1063,1196,1580,1606]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="19 - 24" refId="ref17509" refString="Ueda, T. &amp; Moriuti, S. (1996) Three new species of the genus Periacma from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). Bulletin of the University of Osaka Prefecture, (B) 48, 19 - 24." type="journal article" year="1996">
Ueda,
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</taxonomicName>
in male genitalia. It can be distinguished by the sacculus with two spines at apex, and the aedeagus with two processes distally. In
<taxonomicName id="9DD84D4DAC20FFC236DF941A2802F979" authorityName=", Moriuti et Ueda" authorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Autostichidae" genus="Periacma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC236DF941A2802F979" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">P. himalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the sacculus is truncate at apex, and the aedeagus has three lobes near the apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="12C26545AC20FFC3339094D32AD5FD3A" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="description">
<paragraph id="5A6736CEAC20FFC2339094D32A6EF944" blockId="14.[151,1437,1508,2039]" box="[199,837,1688,1715]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC2339094D32872F945" bold="true" box="[199,345,1688,1714]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Description.</emphasis>
Adult (
<figureCitation id="C2E32A4BAC20FFC232F894D32B29F944" box="[431,514,1688,1715]" captionStart="FIGURES 1018" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,194,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[158,1430,181,1793]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1018. Adults of Periacma spp. 10. P. platygnatha sp. nov., holotype; 11. P. ludingensis sp. nov., holotype; 12. P. mediacantha sp. nov., holotype; 13. P. nakhonnayokensis; 14. P. nepalensis; 15. P. rectignatha; 16. P. securiformis sp. nov., holotype; 17. P. solitaridens sp. nov., holotype; 18. P. subaequalis sp. nov., holotype. Scales = 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493951/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Wingspan 14.5 16.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A6736CEAC20FFC2339094F72D86F8E9" blockId="14.[151,1437,1508,2039]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC2339094F7282FF921" box="[199,260,1724,1750]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Head</emphasis>
. Vertex and frons yellow. Labial palpus yellow, in male second segment ringed with black near apex of outer surface; in female second segment with black scales on ventral surface, ringed with black terminally. Antenna yellow on ventral surface; dark brown except flagellum ringed with yellow on dorsal surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A6736CEAC20FFC3339095632D3DFF22" blockId="14.[151,1437,1508,2039]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,151,789]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC20FFC233909563280BF8B5" box="[199,288,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Thorax.</emphasis>
Mesonotum orange yellow, with dense black scales in central part; tegula yellow, mixed black scales. Forewing orange yellow, with dark brown scales; markings dark brown: spot at base of costal margin and dorsum respectively; speckle from near base extending along above fold to distal 1/3 of fold; discal spot striped, above preceding speckle; postmedial fascia from beyond middle of costal margin to tornus; apical fascia narrowed along termen, not meeting postmedial fascia at tornus; terminal dots ranging from apex and along termen; fringe concolorous with wing. Hindwing and fringe grey. Legs yellow, except tarsomeres 3 4 greyish brown; on dorsal surface, foreleg with grey black scales on femur and tibia, midleg with black scales on tibia, tarsus with black scales; on outer surface, hindleg black at base of tibia, with a few grey scales on tarsus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A6736CEAC21FFC3339092942843FDCA" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC21FFC3339092942846FF0E" box="[199,365,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="C2E32A4BAC21FFC33229929428FFFF0E" box="[382,468,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 2932" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1132,1156]" captionTargetBox="[171,1414,194,1096]" captionTargetId="figure-22@16.[159,1427,181,1108]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 2932. Male genitalia of Periacma spp.29.P.nepalensis, slide No. XZX20769; 30. P. securiformis sp. nov., holotype, slide No. LiSR16146; 31. P. solitaridens sp. nov., holotype, slide No. XZX20615; 32. P. subaequalis sp. nov., holotype, slide No. XZX20520. Scales = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493957/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
). Uncus narrowed at basal 1/4 and distal 1/4, setose laterally from basal 1/4 to distal 1/4; distal 1/4 horizontally extended and narrowed outward to each end, obtuse at apex. Gnathos with basal arm short; ventral plate short and broad, sub-rectangular, smooth. Valva with costal part subparallel from base to before middle, setose and dilated ovately distally; costa concave medially; dorso-proximal proess club-shaped; sacculus slightly longer than 2/3 length of costal part of valva, narrowed from base to 3/5, distal 2/5 produced to a unformly slender process curved ventrad before apex, with two short apical spines. Saccus sub-triangular, apex obtusely rounded. Aedeagus stout, slightly longer than 3/5 length of costal part of valva, distally produced to a flattened plate that is finely serrate on ventral margin, deeply incised before apex ventrally, forming a short process before concavity; apically bilobed process arising from distal 1/4, not reaching apex of aedeagus; cornutus at basal 1/3, bifurcated distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A6736CEAC21FFC33390900C2AD5FD3A" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC21FFC33390900C28AFFD96" box="[199,388,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="C2E32A4BAC21FFC332C6900C28CBFD96" box="[401,480,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 3944" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,190,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[214,1373,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 3944. Female genitalia of Periacma spp. 39. P. lianzhouensis, comb. nov., slide No. HS14110; 40. P. platygnatha sp. nov., paratype, slide No. XZX20689; 41. P. ludingensis sp. nov., paratype, slide No. XZX20614; 42. P. nepalensis, slide No. XZX20770; 43. P. Rectignatha, slide No. ZXJ18064; 44. P. subaequalis sp. nov., paratype, slide No. XZX20625. Scales = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493961" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493961/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
). Papilla anale sub-rounded, setose.Apophysis anterioris about 1/2 length of apophysis posterioris. Eighth sternal plate with two mound-shaped setose processes posteriorly. Lamella antevaginalis broadly banded, triangularly produced posterolaterally. Ductus bursae membranous, with small granules evenly scattered. Corpus bursae ovate, uniformly scattered with small granules; signum absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="12C26545AC21FFC33390909D2CBCFCE2" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5A6736CEAC21FFC33390909D2B46FD06" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,621,726,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC21FFC33390909D284AFD07" bold="true" box="[199,353,726,752]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="22CF765EAC21FFC33230909C2881FD06" box="[359,426,727,753]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="981CF82CAC21FFC332EE909C2B24FD06" box="[441,527,727,753]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Xizang</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="22CF765EAC21FFC33174909C2B41FD06" box="[547,618,727,753]" name="Nepal" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Nepal</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A6736CEAC21FFC3339090B02CBCFCE2" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,1431,763,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="68ACEADCAC21FFC3339090B0282DFCE2" bold="true" box="[199,262,763,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Note.</emphasis>
This species is newly recorded for the Chinese fauna, and the female is here described for the first time.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>