233 lines
21 KiB
XML
233 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8bb856a5-26cb-4abc-8e4a-04d3716144b1" ID-PMC="PMC9010403" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1093-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D3A8D50FF61A5B61B8776D63EB0D3F4C" ID-PubMed="35586542" ID-ZooBank="23B7070849A94681AC20494D06F98CCE" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1093-1" checkinTime="1649449468463" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Benda, Daniel, Pohl, Hans, Nakase, Yuta, Beutel, Rolf & Straka, Jakub" docDate="2022" docId="C1ECE3D224E856FA9E3B1F8262421D3F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1093: 1-134" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1093" docPubDate="2022-04-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339" docTitle="Paragioxenos Ogloblin 1923" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="D3A8D50FF61A5B61B8776D63EB0D3F4C" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="D3A8D50FF61A5B61B8776D63EB0D3F4C" masterDocTitle="A generic classification of Xenidae (Strepsiptera) based on the morphology of the female cephalothorax and male cephalotheca with a preliminary checklist of species" masterLastPageNumber="134" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668151620981" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A generic classification of Xenidae (Strepsiptera) based on the morphology of the female cephalothorax and male cephalotheca with a preliminary checklist of species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Benda, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5729-0411</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic & Department of Entomology, National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">benda.daniel@email.cz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pohl, Hans</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7090-6612</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Institut fuer Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet, Jena, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nakase, Yuta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Beutel, Rolf</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institut fuer Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet, Jena, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Straka, Jakub</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8987-1245</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-04-07</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1093</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>134</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1093-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">23B7070849A94681AC20494D06F98CCE</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">D3A8D50FF61A5B61B8776D63EB0D3F4C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="194520408" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C1ECE3D224E856FA9E3B1F8262421D3F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C1ECE3D224E856FA9E3B1F8262421D3F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="C1ECE3D2-24E8-56FA-9E3B-1F8262421D3F" authority="Ogloblin, 1923" authorityName="Ogloblin" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paragioxenos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paragioxenos" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paragioxenos Ogloblin, 1923</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ogloblin" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paragioxenos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paragioxenos" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paragioxenos</taxonomicName>
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Ogloblin, 1923: 46. Type species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ogloblin" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paragioxenos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paragioxenos brachypterus" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterus">Paragioxenos brachypterus</taxonomicName>
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Ogloblin, 1923, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis of female cephalothorax.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Differing from other
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Xenidae</taxonomicName>
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in following characters. Head and prothorax completely separated by birth opening on ventral side (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paragioxenos brachypterus Ogloblin, anterior part of female cephalothorax, photomicrographs A anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side B Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. Abbreviations: bo - birth opening, dlf - dorsal field of labral area, fssf - furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field, md - mandible, ps - prosternal swelling, sbcf - segmental border between clypeus and frontal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8A</figureCitation>
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). Mandibles distinctly protruding from mandibular capsule; angle of mandibles 75°. Dorsal labral field elliptic, ~ 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than long in midline, distinctly protuberant, straight (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paragioxenos brachypterus Ogloblin, anterior part of female cephalothorax, photomicrographs A anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side B Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. Abbreviations: bo - birth opening, dlf - dorsal field of labral area, fssf - furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field, md - mandible, ps - prosternal swelling, sbcf - segmental border between clypeus and frontal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8A</figureCitation>
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). Conspicuous swelling present on prosternum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paragioxenos brachypterus Ogloblin, anterior part of female cephalothorax, photomicrographs A anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side B Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. Abbreviations: bo - birth opening, dlf - dorsal field of labral area, fssf - furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field, md - mandible, ps - prosternal swelling, sbcf - segmental border between clypeus and frontal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8A</figureCitation>
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), similar to some
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saunders" authorityYear="1872" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraxenos" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paraxenos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description of female cephalothorax.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shape and coloration.</emphasis>
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Nearly triangular, slightly wider than long, length 1.68 mm, width 1.82 mm. Anterior cephalic margin very slightly protruding anteriorly. Thorax distinctly widening posteriorly. Coloration comprising multiple brown shades forming distinct pattern, mostly dark (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Paragioxenos brachypterus Ogloblin, host, female, cephalothorax, photomicrographs A Paragia cf. decipiens Shuckard stylopized by female of P. brachypterus, lateral view B detail of host abdomen with adult female inside C ventral side of cephalothorax D dorsal side of cephalothorax." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7C, D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669329" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 7.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ogloblin" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paragioxenos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paragioxenos brachypterus" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paragioxenos brachypterus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Ogloblin, host, female, cephalothorax, photomicrographs
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Shuckard" authorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Paragia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paragia decipiens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">Paragia cf. decipiens</taxonomicName>
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Shuckard stylopized by female of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. brachypterus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brachypterus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. brachypterus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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detail of host abdomen with adult female inside
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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ventral side of cephalothorax
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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dorsal side of cephalothorax.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head capsule.</emphasis>
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Approximately ⅓ as long as entire cephalothorax including lateral cephalic extensions. Coloration mostly brown, including sclerotized labial area and strongly sclerotized mandible; dorsal labral field pale. Clypeal and labral area separated, the former slightly protruding anteriorly, forming inconspicuous clypeal lobe; surface of clypeal area slightly wrinkled; sensilla present. Border between clypeal and frontal regions quite indistinct. Cuticle of frontal region slightly wrinkled. Segmental border between head and prothorax indistinct dorsally; on ventral side completely separated by birth opening (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paragioxenos brachypterus Ogloblin, anterior part of female cephalothorax, photomicrographs A anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side B Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. Abbreviations: bo - birth opening, dlf - dorsal field of labral area, fssf - furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field, md - mandible, ps - prosternal swelling, sbcf - segmental border between clypeus and frontal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ogloblin" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paragioxenos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paragioxenos brachypterus" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paragioxenos brachypterus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Ogloblin, anterior part of female cephalothorax, photomicrographs
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. Abbreviations: bo - birth opening, dlf - dorsal field of labral area, fssf - furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field, md - mandible, ps - prosternal swelling, sbcf - segmental border between clypeus and frontal region.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Supra-antennal sensillary field.</emphasis>
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More or less distinctly delimited by furrow on mesal side (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paragioxenos brachypterus Ogloblin, anterior part of female cephalothorax, photomicrographs A anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side B Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. Abbreviations: bo - birth opening, dlf - dorsal field of labral area, fssf - furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field, md - mandible, ps - prosternal swelling, sbcf - segmental border between clypeus and frontal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Antenna.</emphasis>
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Presence or absence of vestige of antennae not verified.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Labrum.</emphasis>
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Ventral labral field elliptic, not protruding; dorsal field elliptic, ~ 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than long in midline, distinctly protuberant, straight (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paragioxenos brachypterus Ogloblin, anterior part of female cephalothorax, photomicrographs A anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side B Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. Abbreviations: bo - birth opening, dlf - dorsal field of labral area, fssf - furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field, md - mandible, ps - prosternal swelling, sbcf - segmental border between clypeus and frontal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8A</figureCitation>
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). Presence or absence of setae not verified.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mandible.</emphasis>
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Anteroventrally directed, distinctly protruding from mandibular capsule, nearly reaching or projecting slightly beyond anterior edge of head (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paragioxenos brachypterus Ogloblin, anterior part of female cephalothorax, photomicrographs A anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side B Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. Abbreviations: bo - birth opening, dlf - dorsal field of labral area, fssf - furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field, md - mandible, ps - prosternal swelling, sbcf - segmental border between clypeus and frontal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8A</figureCitation>
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). Mandibular bulge distinctly raised, with sensilla. Mandibular tooth conspicuous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maxilla.</emphasis>
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Anteriorly directed, distinctly prominent, strongly sclerotized. Bases wide, connected in midline. Apical portion not projecting beyond mandible. Presence or absence of vestige of palp not verified. Submaxillary groove absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Labium.</emphasis>
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Triangular, sclerotized, and flat, located between maxillae, delimited anteriorly by mouth opening and posteriorly by connected maxillae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mouth opening.</emphasis>
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Fissure-shaped, straight medially, curved laterally, with sclerotized margin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thorax and abdominal segment I.</emphasis>
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Two longitudinal ventral furrows present mesally over whole length of thorax, slightly widening posteriorly. Pro-mesothoracic and meso-metathoracic borders indistinct. Border between metathorax and abdomen formed by ridge on dorsal side, indistinct on ventral side. Cuticle of thoracic segments dark laterally, less pigmented mesally between longitudinal furrows. Dorsal surface mostly with uniformly brown coloration except for lateral most region. Prosternum with pointed swelling but lacking extension (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paragioxenos brachypterus Ogloblin, anterior part of female cephalothorax, photomicrographs A anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side B Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. Abbreviations: bo - birth opening, dlf - dorsal field of labral area, fssf - furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field, md - mandible, ps - prosternal swelling, sbcf - segmental border between clypeus and frontal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8A</figureCitation>
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). Setae and cuticular spines on lateral parts of abdominal segment I not examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spiracles.</emphasis>
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Situated on posterior third of cephalothorax, slightly elevated, with anterolateral orientation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis of male cephalotheca.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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No male cephalotheca was examined (absent in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogloblin’s">Ogloblin's</normalizedToken>
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type material in NMPC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phylogenetic relationships">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phylogenetic relationships.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diversity and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monotypic, restricted to Australia.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shuckard" authorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Paragia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paragia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paragia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Vespidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Masarinae">Masarinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |