433 lines
71 KiB
XML
433 lines
71 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F1001BC0E593CB2612B83709A29373B2">Revision of Chloeia Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 (Annelida, Amphinomidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C79010FFC8D75FFF707ECC2023FA2A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621939" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209295600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7621939" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C79010FFC8D75FFF707ECC2023FA2A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C79010FFC8D75FFF707ECC2023FA2A" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC8D721FF707ECC21B0FA0A" blockId="62.[151,694,1479,1542]" box="[151,694,1479,1506]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<heading id="D099966AFFC8D721FF707ECC21B0FA0A" bold="true" box="[151,694,1479,1506]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC8D721FF707ECC21B0FA0A" bold="true" box="[151,694,1479,1506]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC8D721FF707ECC2134FA0A" ID-CoL="5XX7Y" authority="McIntosh, 1924" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,562,1479,1506]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
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<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC8D721FF707ECC226FFA09" bold="true" box="[151,361,1479,1506]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Chloeia gilchristi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC8D721FE977EC32134FA0A" author="McIntosh, W. C." box="[368,562,1479,1506]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref110213" refString="McIntosh, W. C. (1924) Notes from the Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, 46: 1. The occurrence of opercular development in Mercierella enigmatica, Fauvel, a new British serpulid; 2. Preliminary notice of a second contribution to the marine Polychaeta of South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 14 (79), 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932408633091" type="journal article" year="1924">McIntosh, 1924</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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reinstated
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374728DFFC8D721FF707EE023E1F9ED" box="[151,231,1515,1542]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC8D721FF707EE023E1F9ED" blockId="62.[151,694,1479,1542]" box="[151,231,1515,1542]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC8D721FF707EE023E1F9ED" box="[151,231,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="62.[152,255,1240,1264]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,181,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[164,1423,181,1216]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 28. Chloeia gilchristi McIntosh, 1924, reinstated, neotype (BMNH 1934.1.19.41). A. Anterior fragment in frontal view, rest of body in dorsal view. B. Anterior fragment, dorsal view. C. Median chaetigers, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 3, notochaetae (inset: notochaetal tip). E. Chaetiger 3, neurochaetae. F. Chaetiger 18, notochaetal broken tips. G. Chaetiger 16, neurochaetal tips. H. Posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 13 mm; B, 1 mm; C, 1.6 mm; D, F, 90mμm; E, 30μm; G, 50 μm; H, 1.9 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621899/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374728DFFC8D721FF707D20275EF98A" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC8D721FF707D20275EF98A" blockId="62.[151,1404,1578,1634]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E0628FFC8D721FF707D20275EF98A" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACF0717FFC8D721FF707D20210AF9A9" author="McIntosh, W. C." box="[151,524,1578,1603]" page="5" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" year="1924">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC8D721FF707D20210AF9A9" ID-CoL="5XX7Y" authority="McIntosh, 1924: 5" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityPageNumber="5" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,524,1578,1603]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
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<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC8D721FF707D20224CF9A8" box="[151,330,1579,1603]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Chloeia gilchristi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC8D721FEB77D20210AF9A9" author="McIntosh, W. C." box="[336,524,1578,1603]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref110213" refString="McIntosh, W. C. (1924) Notes from the Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, 46: 1. The occurrence of opercular development in Mercierella enigmatica, Fauvel, a new British serpulid; 2. Preliminary notice of a second contribution to the marine Polychaeta of South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 14 (79), 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932408633091" type="journal article" year="1924">McIntosh, 1924: 5</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACF0717FFC8D721FDF07D202007F9A9" author="McIntosh, W. C." box="[535,769,1578,1603]" page="15" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" year="1925">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC8D721FDF07D202007F9A9" author="McIntosh, W. C." box="[535,769,1578,1603]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 93" refId="ref110298" refString="McIntosh, W. C. (1925) A second contribution to the marine polychaetes of South Africa. Union South African Fisheries Marine Biological Survey, Report, 5 (4), 1 - 93, pls. 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1925">McIntosh 1925: 15–16</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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, Pl. 1,
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<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC8D721FCA17D202080F9A9" box="[838,902,1579,1603]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="20.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,851,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-294@20.[151,1435,849,1832]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 7. Chloeia amoureuxi sp. n., holotype (MMSUCO Amp 2). A. Oblique dorsal view. B. Anterior end, left lateral view. C. Median segments, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 3, notochaetal tips. E. Same, neurochaetal tips. F. Chaetiger 16, harpoon notochaetae. G. Same, neurochaetal tips. H. Posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 0.7 mm; B, 0.05 mm; C, 1.5 mm; D, 160 μm; E, 110 μm; F, 180 μm; G, 30 μm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621824/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC8D721FC767D2020A6F9A8" box="[913,928,1579,1603]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="21.[152,255,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,563,1608]" captionTargetId="figure-179@21.[151,1436,560,1609]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 8. Chloeia amoureuxi sp. n., epitoke (MNHN 860.1). A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Anterior end, dorsal view. C. Anterior end, right lateral view. D. Posterior region. Scale bars: A, 1.8 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 0.6 mm; D, 1.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621830" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621830/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">8</figureCitation>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACF0717FFC8D721FC4C7D202758F9A8" author="Day, J. H." box="[939,1118,1579,1603]" page="27" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" year="1934">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC8D721FC4C7D202758F9A8" author="Day, J. H." box="[939,1118,1579,1603]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="15 - 82" refId="ref104748" refString="Day, J. H. (1934) On a collection of South African Polychaeta, with a catalogue of the species recorded from South Africa, Mosambique, and Madagascar. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London, 39, 15 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1934. tb 00259. x" type="journal article" year="1934">Day 1934: 27–29</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC8D721FB8F7D2027A3F9A8" box="[1128,1189,1579,1603]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,635,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-246@10.[151,1436,633,1804]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Chloeia fusca M’Intosh, 1885, non-type specimen (UF 4368). A. Ventral view. B. Ventral view after body wall removed. C. Same, after Methyl Green staining. D. Same, lower half of digestive tube removed. (AI, anterior intestine; MB, midventral band (nerve chord); MR, muscular ridge; Oe, oesophagus; PI, posterior intestine; R, rectum; St, stomach). All scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621812" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621812/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACF0717FFC8D721FB577D20267EF9A8" author="Hartman, O." box="[1200,1400,1578,1603]" page="131" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" year="1959">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC8D721FB577D20267EF9A8" author="Hartman, O." box="[1200,1400,1578,1603]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 353" refId="ref107655" refString="Hartman, O. (1959) Catalogue of the polychaetous annelids of the World. Part 1. Allan Hancock Foundation Publications, Occasional Paper, 23, 1 - 353." type="journal article" year="1959">Hartman 1959: 131</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACF0717FFC8D721FF707D4222E7F98A" author="Day, J. H." box="[151,481,1609,1634]" page="295" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" year="1960">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC8D721FF707D4222E7F98A" ID-CoL="5Y97Y" authority=": Day 1960: 295" authorityName="Day" authorityPageNumber="295" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,481,1609,1634]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="inermis">
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<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC8D721FF707D42223CF98A" box="[151,314,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Chloeia inermis</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC8D721FEA07D4122E7F98A" author="Day, J. H." box="[327,481,1609,1634]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="261 - 373" refId="ref104859" refString="Day, J. H. (1960) The polychaet (sic) Fauna of South Africa, 5. Errant species dredged off Cape coasts. Annals of the South African Museum, 45, 261 - 373." type="journal article" year="1960">Day 1960: 295</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACF0717FFC8D721FE0C7D4121B1F98A" author="Day, J. H." box="[491,695,1609,1634]" page="123" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" year="1967">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC8D721FE0C7D4121B1F98A" author="Day, J. H." box="[491,695,1609,1634]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 458" refId="ref104900" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) A Monograph on the Polychaeta of Southern Africa, 1. Errantia. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, 656, 1 - 458. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8596" type="journal article" year="1967">Day 1967: 123–124</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC8D721FD267D422030F98A" box="[705,822,1609,1633]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1828,1852]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,1138,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-475@9.[151,1436,1137,1805]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chloeia mezianei sp. n., non-type specimen (NHMD 915074). A. Left lateral view. B. Anterior end and pharynx, seen from above. C. Same, right lateral view. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.6 mm, C, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621808/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 3.1.l–q</figureCitation>
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(
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<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC8D721FCA27D41206DF98A" box="[837,875,1610,1633]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">non</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC8D721FC967D42274BF98A" author="De Quatrefages, A." box="[881,1101,1609,1633]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="578 - 600" refId="ref105083" refString="De Quatrefages, A. (1866 (1865 )) Histoire naturelle des Anneles marins et d'eau douce. Annelides et Gephyriens. Vol. 1. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 588 pp. [publication date after Wright, E. P. (1866). Section 6 (Annelida, etc.). Zoological Record, 1866, 578 - 600] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 122818" type="book chapter" year="1866">de Quatrefages, 1866</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C374728DFFC8D721FF707D9B22A5F926" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC8D721FF707D9B22A5F926" blockId="62.[151,1437,1679,2030]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC8D721FF707D9B22F3F942" bold="true" box="[151,501,1679,1706]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Type material. Indian Ocean,</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B062B5BFFC8D721FE1A7D8422A5F926" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4029882477" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Mr. Bevin" country="South Africa" location="South Africa" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="neotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC8D721FE1A7D842192F942" bold="true" box="[509,660,1679,1705]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3796196FFC8D721FE1A7D842192F942" box="[509,660,1679,1705]" name="South Africa" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFC8D721FD457D9B2007F941" box="[674,769,1680,1706]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
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||
(
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<collectionCode id="ED7FB9C3FFC8D721FCF77D9B2060F941" box="[784,870,1680,1706]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">BMNH</collectionCode>
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1934.1.19.41), Durban, sandy mud, without depth or date,
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||
<collectorName id="269B44D0FFC8D721FF157DBF2261F926" box="[242,359,1715,1742]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Mr. Bevin</collectorName>
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||
, coll.
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C374728DFFC8D721FF207DDC2284F8D2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC8D721FF207DDC2284F8D2" blockId="62.[151,1437,1679,2030]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC8D721FF207DDC223CF91A" bold="true" box="[199,314,1751,1777]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC8D721FEAC7DDC22A2F91A" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1818" box="[331,420,1751,1777]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC8D721FEAC7DDC22A2F91A" box="[331,420,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Chloeia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with bipinnate branchiae from chaetiger 4, progressively smaller posteriorly; middorsal bands regular, not constricted posteriorly; caruncle pale; harpoon notochaetae without basal tine; neurochaetae acicular and spurred.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374728DFFC8D720FF207C4823F8FBDE" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC8D721FF207C482758F84E" blockId="62.[151,1437,1679,2030]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC8D721FF207C482257F8B6" bold="true" box="[199,337,1859,1885]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Description</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFC8D721FE857C4F22C7F8B5" box="[354,449,1860,1886]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(BMNH 1934.1.19.41), bent ventrally, severely damaged, anterior end previously cut off, several parapodia or chaetal fascicles removed, many branchiae torn off, most chaetae broken, most cirrostyles lost (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC8D721FF287C80223EF84D" box="[207,312,1931,1958]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="62.[152,255,1240,1264]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,181,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[164,1423,181,1216]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 28. Chloeia gilchristi McIntosh, 1924, reinstated, neotype (BMNH 1934.1.19.41). A. Anterior fragment in frontal view, rest of body in dorsal view. B. Anterior fragment, dorsal view. C. Median chaetigers, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 3, notochaetae (inset: notochaetal tip). E. Chaetiger 3, neurochaetae. F. Chaetiger 18, notochaetal broken tips. G. Chaetiger 16, neurochaetal tips. H. Posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 13 mm; B, 1 mm; C, 1.6 mm; D, F, 90mμm; E, 30μm; G, 50 μm; H, 1.9 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621899/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 28A</figureCitation>
|
||
); body fusiform, 54(6+48) mm long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C968CE3FFC8D721FD3C7C87202CF84D" box="[731,810,1932,1958]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, 35(5+30) chaetigers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC8D721FF207CBB2195F805" blockId="62.[151,1437,1679,2030]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFC8D721FF207CBB2220F821" box="[199,294,1968,1994]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
brownish, chaetae transparent, soft; dorsal and ventral cirri pale; branchiae pale. Venter pale, midventral band barely paler than surrounding areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC9D720FF207B9C2146FEAA" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Prostomium anteriorly entire. Eyes blackish, anterior eyes slightly larger than posterior ones. Median antenna inserted at anterior caruncular margin, tip broken, 2/3 as long as caruncle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC9D720FC1A7BB02760FF3E" box="[1021,1126,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="62.[152,255,1240,1264]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,181,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[164,1423,181,1216]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 28. Chloeia gilchristi McIntosh, 1924, reinstated, neotype (BMNH 1934.1.19.41). A. Anterior fragment in frontal view, rest of body in dorsal view. B. Anterior fragment, dorsal view. C. Median chaetigers, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 3, notochaetae (inset: notochaetal tip). E. Chaetiger 3, neurochaetae. F. Chaetiger 18, notochaetal broken tips. G. Chaetiger 16, neurochaetal tips. H. Posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 13 mm; B, 1 mm; C, 1.6 mm; D, F, 90mμm; E, 30μm; G, 50 μm; H, 1.9 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621899/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 28B</figureCitation>
|
||
), slightly longer than right lateral antenna (left one lost). Lateral antennae bases separate from each other, palps broken, size relationship to antennae unknown. Mouth ventral on chaetiger 3. Pharynx partially exposed; lips darker, basal ring smooth, exposing three longitudinal (vertical) lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC9D720FF207A40229CFE46" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Caruncle pale, bent laterally, trilobed, tapered, posterior region broken, reaching chaetiger 3. Median ridge plicate, with about 11 vertical folds remaining, almost completely concealing lateral lobes. Lateral lobes narrow, with about 12 vertical folds.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC9D720FF207ABC2100FDF2" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Bipinnate branchiae from chaetiger 4, continued throughout body, parallel along body, many broken (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC9D720FACE7ABC2689FE3A" box="[1321,1423,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="62.[152,255,1240,1264]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,181,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[164,1423,181,1216]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 28. Chloeia gilchristi McIntosh, 1924, reinstated, neotype (BMNH 1934.1.19.41). A. Anterior fragment in frontal view, rest of body in dorsal view. B. Anterior fragment, dorsal view. C. Median chaetigers, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 3, notochaetae (inset: notochaetal tip). E. Chaetiger 3, neurochaetae. F. Chaetiger 18, notochaetal broken tips. G. Chaetiger 16, neurochaetal tips. H. Posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 13 mm; B, 1 mm; C, 1.6 mm; D, F, 90mμm; E, 30μm; G, 50 μm; H, 1.9 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621899/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 28C</figureCitation>
|
||
); progressively larger posteriorly (many lost), largest by chaetiger 24–25, progressively smaller thereafter. Chaetigers 24–25 with 8–9 lateral branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC9D720FF207928271AFD26" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Parapodia biramous, notopodia with cirriform branchiae along chaetigers 1–3 (only one left in left notopodium of chaetiger 3), about 1/3 as long as dorsal cirri. Dorsal cirri (few remaining) slightly longer than bipinnate branchiae along median chaetigers, size relationship unknown in posterior chaetigers (dorsal cirri lost). Second ventral cirri (left) with cirrophores 2× longer and wider, and cirrostyle 2× longer than adjacent ones, directed dorsally. Median ventral cirri directed ventrolaterally, as long as one subsequent segment.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC9D720FF2079DC2044FC4E" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Chaetae most broken. Complete chaetae with distal fragile hoods, often eroded. Notochaetae in anterior chaetigers aciculars, some spurred with tiny spur (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC9D720FD7C79F02002FCFE" box="[667,772,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="62.[152,255,1240,1264]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,181,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[164,1423,181,1216]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 28. Chloeia gilchristi McIntosh, 1924, reinstated, neotype (BMNH 1934.1.19.41). A. Anterior fragment in frontal view, rest of body in dorsal view. B. Anterior fragment, dorsal view. C. Median chaetigers, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 3, notochaetae (inset: notochaetal tip). E. Chaetiger 3, neurochaetae. F. Chaetiger 18, notochaetal broken tips. G. Chaetiger 16, neurochaetal tips. H. Posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 13 mm; B, 1 mm; C, 1.6 mm; D, F, 90mμm; E, 30μm; G, 50 μm; H, 1.9 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621899/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 28D</figureCitation>
|
||
), major tines 10–20× longer than spurs. Median chaetigers with
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D68EA8FFFC9D720FF377814223AFCD2" box="[208,316,799,825]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
of notochaetae: aciculars with tips tapered, mostly broken or partially dissolved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC9D720FB2D7814262AFCD2" box="[1226,1324,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="62.[152,255,1240,1264]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,181,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[164,1423,181,1216]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 28. Chloeia gilchristi McIntosh, 1924, reinstated, neotype (BMNH 1934.1.19.41). A. Anterior fragment in frontal view, rest of body in dorsal view. B. Anterior fragment, dorsal view. C. Median chaetigers, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 3, notochaetae (inset: notochaetal tip). E. Chaetiger 3, neurochaetae. F. Chaetiger 18, notochaetal broken tips. G. Chaetiger 16, neurochaetal tips. H. Posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 13 mm; B, 1 mm; C, 1.6 mm; D, F, 90mμm; E, 30μm; G, 50 μm; H, 1.9 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621899/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 28F</figureCitation>
|
||
), and harpoon-chaetae (illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC9D720FE3F7848214FFCB6" author="Day, J. H." box="[472,585,835,861]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="15 - 82" refId="ref104748" refString="Day, J. H. (1934) On a collection of South African Polychaeta, with a catalogue of the species recorded from South Africa, Mosambique, and Madagascar. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London, 39, 15 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1934. tb 00259. x" type="journal article" year="1934">Day 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, not seen). Neurochaetae all aciculars of three different widths, all with tips mucronate; a few with minute spurs, barely visible in some anterior chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC9D720FBEE786C276BFC6A" box="[1033,1133,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="62.[152,255,1240,1264]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,181,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[164,1423,181,1216]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 28. Chloeia gilchristi McIntosh, 1924, reinstated, neotype (BMNH 1934.1.19.41). A. Anterior fragment in frontal view, rest of body in dorsal view. B. Anterior fragment, dorsal view. C. Median chaetigers, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 3, notochaetae (inset: notochaetal tip). E. Chaetiger 3, neurochaetae. F. Chaetiger 18, notochaetal broken tips. G. Chaetiger 16, neurochaetal tips. H. Posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 13 mm; B, 1 mm; C, 1.6 mm; D, F, 90mμm; E, 30μm; G, 50 μm; H, 1.9 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621899/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 28E</figureCitation>
|
||
), major tines about 10–20× longer than spurs, indistinct in median chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC9D720FD2B78802033FC4E" box="[716,821,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="62.[152,255,1240,1264]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,181,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[164,1423,181,1216]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 28. Chloeia gilchristi McIntosh, 1924, reinstated, neotype (BMNH 1934.1.19.41). A. Anterior fragment in frontal view, rest of body in dorsal view. B. Anterior fragment, dorsal view. C. Median chaetigers, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 3, notochaetae (inset: notochaetal tip). E. Chaetiger 3, neurochaetae. F. Chaetiger 18, notochaetal broken tips. G. Chaetiger 16, neurochaetal tips. H. Posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 13 mm; B, 1 mm; C, 1.6 mm; D, F, 90mμm; E, 30μm; G, 50 μm; H, 1.9 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621899/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 28G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC9D720FF2078A42254FC06" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Posterior region tapered; pygidium with anus terminal; anal cirri pale, subcylindrical, blunt, 4× longer than wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13553D83FFC9D720FF3A78D82243FC06" box="[221,325,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="62.[152,255,1240,1264]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,181,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[164,1423,181,1216]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 28. Chloeia gilchristi McIntosh, 1924, reinstated, neotype (BMNH 1934.1.19.41). A. Anterior fragment in frontal view, rest of body in dorsal view. B. Anterior fragment, dorsal view. C. Median chaetigers, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 3, notochaetae (inset: notochaetal tip). E. Chaetiger 3, neurochaetae. F. Chaetiger 18, notochaetal broken tips. G. Chaetiger 16, neurochaetal tips. H. Posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 13 mm; B, 1 mm; C, 1.6 mm; D, F, 90mμm; E, 30μm; G, 50 μm; H, 1.9 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7621899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7621899/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 28H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC9D720FF2078FD23F8FBDE" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FF2078FD22AEFBFB" bold="true" box="[199,424,1014,1040]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Live pigmentation.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC9D720FDCB78FC21AAFBFA" author="Day, J. H." box="[556,684,1015,1041]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="15 - 82" refId="ref104748" refString="Day, J. H. (1934) On a collection of South African Polychaeta, with a catalogue of the species recorded from South Africa, Mosambique, and Madagascar. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London, 39, 15 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1934. tb 00259. x" type="journal article" year="1934">Day (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated dorsum was homogeneously grayish brown, without dorsal spots.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374728DFFC9D75FFF207F3420C7FA76" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC9D720FF207F342694FABE" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FF207F342232FBB2" bold="true" box="[199,308,1087,1113]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FEA47F3421C2FBB2" authority="McIntosh, 1924" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1924" box="[323,708,1087,1113]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FEA47F34210FFBB2" box="[323,521,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Chloeia gilchristi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC9D720FDF57F3421C2FBB2" author="McIntosh, W. C." box="[530,708,1087,1113]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref110213" refString="McIntosh, W. C. (1924) Notes from the Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, 46: 1. The occurrence of opercular development in Mercierella enigmatica, Fauvel, a new British serpulid; 2. Preliminary notice of a second contribution to the marine Polychaeta of South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 14 (79), 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932408633091" type="journal article" year="1924">McIntosh, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was briefly described with a
|
||
<quantity id="4C968CE3FFC9D720FBF27F352763FBB2" box="[1045,1125,1086,1113]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
long specimen collected in mud at
|
||
<quantity id="4C968CE3FFC9D720FF0E7F682229FB96" box="[233,303,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="270.0">270 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, off Durban; because there is no dorsal pigmentation pattern, and by having bipinnate branchiae from chaetiger 4, becoming progressively smaller posteriorly, it belongs in the group tumida. In addition, after its fusiform body, acicular or spurred neurochaetae, and branchiae with lateral branches tapered, it resembles
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FAD07FA02657FB2E" box="[1335,1361,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC9D720FAB07FA023C9FB02" author="Baird, W." pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="215 - 250" refId="ref103011" refString="Baird, W. (1868) Contributions towards a monograph of the species of annelides belonging to the Amphinomacea, with a list of the known species, and a description of several new species (belonging to the group) contained in the National Collection of the British Museum. To which is appended a short account of two hitherto nondescript annulose animals of a larval character. The Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 10 (44), 215 - 250, pls. 4 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1868. tb 02233. x" type="journal article" year="1868">Baird, 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3796196FFC9D720FEF47FC42249FB02" box="[275,335,1231,1257]" name="India" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, redescribed below. These two species differ, however, in three features: body color, complexity of the caruncle, and neurochaetae;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FE197FF82182FAE6" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1924" box="[510,644,1267,1293]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FE197FF82182FAE6" box="[510,644,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. gilchristi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a brownish body, its caruncular median ridge has 11 vertical folds, and there are spurred neurochaetae along anterior segments, and acicular onwa in median segments, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FA647E1C23E3FABE" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1868" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tumida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FA647E1C23E3FABE" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. tumida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the body is pale, the caruncular median ridge has about 38 vertical folds, and all neurochaetae are spurred.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC9D720FF207E54202EF8A6" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
After
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC9D720FEED7E5422E0FA92" author="McIntosh, W. C." box="[266,486,1374,1401]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref110213" refString="McIntosh, W. C. (1924) Notes from the Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, 46: 1. The occurrence of opercular development in Mercierella enigmatica, Fauvel, a new British serpulid; 2. Preliminary notice of a second contribution to the marine Polychaeta of South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 14 (79), 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932408633091" type="journal article" year="1924">McIntosh (1924: 5)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFC9D720FDFA7E542179FA92" box="[541,639,1375,1401]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
had brownish chaetae having “the tips simple pointed,”, as opposed to being furcates, with neurochaetae having “no trace of serrations or of a spur was present in any.” A more complete description and illustrations were added in a subsequent publication, including some details for smaller specimens. The body was described as dull brownish with yellow to golden chaetae, dorsal cirri were dark brown along their distal half (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC9D720FEF27EE422E7F9E2" author="McIntosh, W. C." box="[277,481,1518,1545]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref110213" refString="McIntosh, W. C. (1924) Notes from the Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, 46: 1. The occurrence of opercular development in Mercierella enigmatica, Fauvel, a new British serpulid; 2. Preliminary notice of a second contribution to the marine Polychaeta of South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 14 (79), 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932408633091" type="journal article" year="1924">McIntosh 1924: 5</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC9D720FE097EE52178F9E2" author="McIntosh, W. C." box="[494,638,1518,1545]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 93" refId="ref110298" refString="McIntosh, W. C. (1925) A second contribution to the marine polychaetes of South Africa. Union South African Fisheries Marine Biological Survey, Report, 5 (4), 1 - 93, pls. 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1925">1925: 15–16</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and a harpoon-chaetae and a neurochaetae were illustrated. However, there was no indication for the start of branchiae. He compared
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FC8F7D1820E8F9C6" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1924" box="[872,1006,1555,1581]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FC8F7D1820E8F9C6" box="[872,1006,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. gilchristi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FBC87D18269AF9C6" authority="de Quatrefages, 1866" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1866" box="[1071,1436,1555,1581]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FBC87D1827A3F9C7" box="[1071,1189,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. inermis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC9D720FB4B7D18269AF9C6" author="De Quatrefages, A." box="[1196,1436,1555,1581]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="578 - 600" refId="ref105083" refString="De Quatrefages, A. (1866 (1865 )) Histoire naturelle des Anneles marins et d'eau douce. Annelides et Gephyriens. Vol. 1. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 588 pp. [publication date after Wright, E. P. (1866). Section 6 (Annelida, etc.). Zoological Record, 1866, 578 - 600] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 122818" type="book chapter" year="1866">de Quatrefages, 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FF207D3C22C2F9BA" authority="Baird, 1868" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1868" box="[199,452,1591,1617]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tumida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FF207D3C2230F9BA" box="[199,310,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. tumida</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC9D720FEDB7D3C22C2F9BA" author="Baird, W." box="[316,452,1591,1617]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="215 - 250" refId="ref103011" refString="Baird, W. (1868) Contributions towards a monograph of the species of annelides belonging to the Amphinomacea, with a list of the known species, and a description of several new species (belonging to the group) contained in the National Collection of the British Museum. To which is appended a short account of two hitherto nondescript annulose animals of a larval character. The Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 10 (44), 215 - 250, pls. 4 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1868. tb 02233. x" type="journal article" year="1868">Baird, 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the former with few or no harpoon chaetae, the latter with small spurs in neurochaetae, and concluded that “the fact that here (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FDBA7D5021E4F99E" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1924" box="[605,738,1627,1653]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FDBA7D5021E4F99E" box="[605,738,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. gilchristi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) few serrated, and no bifid bristles occur, differentiates this (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FA647D5023FAF972" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1924" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FA647D5023FAF972" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. gilchristi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from the ordinary …
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FE1B7D742153F972" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1818" box="[508,597,1663,1689]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FE1B7D742153F972" box="[508,597,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Chloeia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.” However, the comparison was incomplete because no further differences were indicated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FE997DA822EAF956" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1868" box="[382,492,1699,1725]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tumida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FE997DA822EAF956" box="[382,492,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. tumida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC9D720FE1E7DA821C7F956" author="Baird, W." box="[505,705,1699,1725]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="215 - 250" refId="ref103011" refString="Baird, W. (1868) Contributions towards a monograph of the species of annelides belonging to the Amphinomacea, with a list of the known species, and a description of several new species (belonging to the group) contained in the National Collection of the British Museum. To which is appended a short account of two hitherto nondescript annulose animals of a larval character. The Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 10 (44), 215 - 250, pls. 4 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1868. tb 02233. x" type="journal article" year="1868">Baird (1868: 232)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FCDB7DA820ACF956" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1868" box="[828,938,1699,1725]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tumida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FCDB7DA820ACF956" box="[828,938,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. tumida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was white and illustrated its (harpoon) notochaetae as subdistally swollen, whereas other notochaetae were tapered. On the contrary,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFC9D720FB907DCC27FAF90A" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1924" box="[1143,1276,1735,1761]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFC9D720FB907DCC27FAF90A" box="[1143,1276,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. gilchristi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was brownish and its notochaetae are blunt, not tapered; further, the subdistal swell in harpoon notochaetae is an artifact. Consequently, the two species are herein regarded as different after the pigmentation of their body wall, the complexity of the caruncular median ridge, and the type of neurochaetae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFC9D75FFF207C5C2191FEF6" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="64.[151,1437,151,1473]" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFC9D720FF207C5C2273F89A" author="Day, J. H." box="[199,373,1879,1905]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="15 - 82" refId="ref104748" refString="Day, J. H. (1934) On a collection of South African Polychaeta, with a catalogue of the species recorded from South Africa, Mosambique, and Madagascar. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London, 39, 15 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1934. tb 00259. x" type="journal article" year="1934">Day (1934: 28)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, after the study of the herein proposed
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFC9D720FCCF7C5C2082F89A" box="[808,900,1879,1905]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, clarified several features. He indicated the dorsum is grayish without marks; median antennae ¾ as long as caruncle; eyes of similar size; branchiae from chaetiger 4, each with 5–6(10) lateral branches; notochaetae smooth and finely denticulate; neurochaetae spurred; anal cirri cylindrical, about 4× longer than wide. However, he hesitated about using chaetal features for clarifying its specific status because “it is impossible to say how much the form of the bristles has been modified by the strong formalin in which the specimens had been preserved.” After regarding it likely identical with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFB8B7BB0269EFF3E" authority="Ehlers, 1887" authorityName="Ehlers" authorityYear="1887" box="[1132,1432,187,213]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="euglochis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFB8B7BB027FDFF3E" box="[1132,1275,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. euglochis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFAE27BB0269EFF3E" author="Ehlers, E." box="[1285,1432,187,213]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref105224" refString="Ehlers, E. (1887) Reports on the results of dredging, under the direction of L. F. Pourtales, during the years 1868 - 1870, and of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico (1877 - 78), and in the Caribbean Sea (1878 - 79), in the U. S. Coast Survey steamer " Blake ", Lieut-Com. C. D. Sigsbee, U. S. N. and Commander J. R. Bartlett, U. S. N., commanding. XXXI. Report on the Annelids. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 15, i - vi + 1 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65639" type="journal article" year="1887">Ehlers, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AAEFE4FFB6D75FFEAA7BD422A7FF12" box="[333,417,223,249]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
, he concluded “until the bristles and coloration of a well-preserved specimen have been examined it is as well to keep them separate.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFB6D75FFF207A2C2047FDD6" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFF207A2C227AFEAA" author="Day, J. H." box="[199,380,294,321]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="261 - 373" refId="ref104859" refString="Day, J. H. (1960) The polychaet (sic) Fauna of South Africa, 5. Errant species dredged off Cape coasts. Annals of the South African Museum, 45, 261 - 373." type="journal article" year="1960">Day (1960: 295</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFE6F7A2C22FDFEAA" author="Day, J. H." box="[392,507,295,321]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 458" refId="ref104900" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) A Monograph on the Polychaeta of Southern Africa, 1. Errantia. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, 656, 1 - 458. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8596" type="journal article" year="1967">1967: 120</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFDB77A2C2097FEAA" authority="McIntosh, 1925" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1925" box="[592,913,294,321]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFDB77A2C21D1FEAA" box="[592,727,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. gilchristi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFD387A2C2097FEAA" author="McIntosh, W. C." box="[735,913,294,321]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 93" refId="ref110298" refString="McIntosh, W. C. (1925) A second contribution to the marine polychaetes of South Africa. Union South African Fisheries Marine Biological Survey, Report, 5 (4), 1 - 93, pls. 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1925">McIntosh, 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFB417A2C221CFE8E" authority="de Quatrefages, 1866" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1866" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFB417A2C261AFEAB" box="[1190,1308,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. inermis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFAC37A2C221CFE8E" author="De Quatrefages, A." pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="578 - 600" refId="ref105083" refString="De Quatrefages, A. (1866 (1865 )) Histoire naturelle des Anneles marins et d'eau douce. Annelides et Gephyriens. Vol. 1. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 588 pp. [publication date after Wright, E. P. (1866). Section 6 (Annelida, etc.). Zoological Record, 1866, 578 - 600] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 122818" type="book chapter" year="1866">de Quatrefages, 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below), described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3796196FFB6D75FFD8D7A402003FE8E" box="[618,773,331,357]" name="New Zealand" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and referred that “the setae agree perfectly with Monro’s description.” The latter had indicated (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFDAF7A642004FE62" author="Monro, C. C. A." box="[584,770,367,393]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="59 - 198" refId="ref110857" refString="Monro, C. C. A. (1936) Polychaete worms, 2. Discovery Reports, 12, 59 - 198." type="journal article" year="1936">Monro 1936: 80</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) “the chaetae show no trace of serrations.” This synonymy must be rejected because
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFE5F7A982175FE46" author="Day, J. H." box="[440,627,402,429]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="261 - 373" refId="ref104859" refString="Day, J. H. (1960) The polychaet (sic) Fauna of South Africa, 5. Errant species dredged off Cape coasts. Annals of the South African Museum, 45, 261 - 373." type="journal article" year="1960">Day (1960: 295)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that there was a middorsal purple line, and that branchiae start in chaetiger 4. However, there is no colored line in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFD267ABC2030FE3B" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1866" box="[705,822,439,465]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFD267ABC2030FE3B" box="[705,822,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. inermis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but a pale one is visible in fresh specimens, but most important, their bipinnate branchiae start in chaetiger 5. Further,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFC9A7AD0273CFE1E" author="Day, J. H." box="[893,1082,475,501]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 458" refId="ref104900" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) A Monograph on the Polychaeta of Southern Africa, 1. Errantia. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, 656, 1 - 458. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8596" type="journal article" year="1967">Day (1967: 123)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that the local specimens have no dorsal color markings but living or recently collected specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFC397AF42754FDF3" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1866" box="[990,1106,511,537]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFC397AF42754FDF3" box="[990,1106,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. inermis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a pale longitudinal middorsal band throughout the body, over a pinkish background.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFB6D75FFF20794C23F2FD42" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
After all this information it is obvious
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFD92794C21FCFD8A" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1925" box="[629,762,583,609]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFD92794C21FCFD8A" box="[629,762,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. gilchristi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is different from
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFC59794C273FFD8B" box="[958,1081,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFC59794C2730FD8B" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1866" box="[958,1078,583,609]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="inermis">C. inermis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and the taxonomic status of the former must be defined by proposing a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFB6D75FFDBF796021B7FD6E" box="[600,689,619,645]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and fulfilling the qualifying conditions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFB9979602602FD6E" author="ICZN & International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature" box="[1150,1284,619,645]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref108505" refString="ICZN (International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature). (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 3 rd Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, The Natural History Museum, London. Available from: https: // code. iczn. org (accessed 22 June 2022)" type="url" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 75.3) as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFB6D75FFF2079B82106FCD2" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
The current synonymy, after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFDEC79B82183FD26" author="Day, J. H." box="[523,645,691,717]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="261 - 373" refId="ref104859" refString="Day, J. H. (1960) The polychaet (sic) Fauna of South Africa, 5. Errant species dredged off Cape coasts. Annals of the South African Museum, 45, 261 - 373." type="journal article" year="1960">Day (1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFD7779B821CAFD26" author="Day, J. H." box="[656,716,691,717]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 458" refId="ref104900" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) A Monograph on the Polychaeta of Southern Africa, 1. Errantia. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, 656, 1 - 458. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8596" type="journal article" year="1967">1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), must be rejected and the taxonomic status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFB3E79B82659FD26" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1925" box="[1241,1375,691,717]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFB3E79B82659FD26" box="[1241,1375,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. gilchristi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must be defined by proposing a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFB6D75FFE2F79DC2127FD1A" box="[456,545,727,753]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
because the species delineation has been confused, although the species name is valid and deserves to be reinstated, and this procedure is an exceptional need for improving the taxonomy in the group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFF007814226AFCD2" author="ICZN & International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature" box="[231,364,799,825]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref108505" refString="ICZN (International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature). (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 3 rd Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, The Natural History Museum, London. Available from: https: // code. iczn. org (accessed 22 June 2022)" type="url" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 75.3.1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFB6D75FFF207848260CFC6A" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Consequently, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFB6D75FFE7A784822F0FCB6" box="[413,502,835,861]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has been diagnosed, described and illustrated for clarifying the differences with similar taxa, and for ensuring the recognition of the specimen designated (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFC32786C275DFC6A" author="ICZN & International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature" box="[981,1115,871,897]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref108505" refString="ICZN (International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature). (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 3 rd Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, The Natural History Museum, London. Available from: https: // code. iczn. org (accessed 22 June 2022)" type="url" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 75.3.2–3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFB6D75FFF2078802688FBDE" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
The material including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFB6D75FFDE678802137FC4E" box="[513,561,907,933]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens were sent to Dr. McIntosh during the early 1920s. However, the specimens were not returned to any South African museum, because the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFB6D75FFC2578A420F4FC22" box="[962,1010,943,969]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFB6478A4260EFC22" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1925" box="[1155,1288,943,969]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFB6478A4260EFC22" box="[1155,1288,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. gilchristi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is missing in the corresponding catalogue (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFE0378D8217FFC06" author="SAMA & South Africa Museums Association" box="[484,633,978,1005]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref112856" refString="SAMA (South Africa Museums Association). (1958) A list of zoological and botanical types preserved in collections in Southern and East Africa, 1. Zoology, Part 1. Transvaal Museum, Pretoria, 147 pp." type="book" year="1958">SAMA 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), it is not in the Iziko Museums of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3796196FFB6D75FFBEE78D8279EFC06" box="[1033,1176,979,1005]" name="South Africa" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(J. Kara 2021, in litt.), and they were not deposited in the Natural History Museum, where most of McIntosh
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFB6D75FFBB078FC2781FBFA" box="[1111,1159,1015,1041]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material is deposited (E. Sherlock 2021, in litt.). Consequently, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFB6D75FFD967F1021A7FBDE" box="[625,673,1051,1077]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material is regarded as lost or destroyed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFB927F1027FDFBDE" author="ICZN & International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature" box="[1141,1275,1051,1077]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref108505" refString="ICZN (International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature). (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 3 rd Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, The Natural History Museum, London. Available from: https: // code. iczn. org (accessed 22 June 2022)" type="url" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 75.3.4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFB6D75FFF207F3427C8FB2E" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFB6D75FFF1E7F342254FBB2" box="[249,338,1087,1113]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected in the same South African region, and it was compared to the original description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFF707F68221CFB96" author="Day, J. H." box="[151,282,1123,1149]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="15 - 82" refId="ref104748" refString="Day, J. H. (1934) On a collection of South African Polychaeta, with a catalogue of the species recorded from South Africa, Mosambique, and Madagascar. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London, 39, 15 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1934. tb 00259. x" type="journal article" year="1934">Day (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who used another specimen, herein proposed as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFB6D75FFCA47F682099FB96" box="[835,927,1123,1149]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, and found some additional features for completing the original description, but the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFB6D75FFDB57F8C21ADFB4A" box="[594,683,1159,1185]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
matches the original specimens in having most chaetae unidentate, as opposed to being furcate, and it is herein regarded as conspecific (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFC7E7FA02719FB2E" author="ICZN & International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature" box="[921,1055,1195,1221]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref108505" refString="ICZN (International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature). (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 3 rd Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, The Natural History Museum, London. Available from: https: // code. iczn. org (accessed 22 June 2022)" type="url" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 75.3.5–6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFB6D75FFF207FC42731FAE6" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D59FA4FFB6D75FFF1E7FC42254FB02" box="[249,338,1231,1257]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has been deposited in the Natural History Museum, London, and it has a long-standing tradition in curating and making their collections available for study (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFCF97FF820A5FAE6" author="ICZN & International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature" box="[798,931,1267,1293]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref108505" refString="ICZN (International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature). (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 3 rd Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, The Natural History Museum, London. Available from: https: // code. iczn. org (accessed 22 June 2022)" type="url" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 75.3.7).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFB6D75FFF207E1C20C7FA76" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
After some West African specimens recorded as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFD387E1C20F9FADA" authority="Ehlers, 1887" authorityName="Ehlers" authorityYear="1887" box="[735,1023,1303,1329]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="euglochis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFD387E1C206FFADA" box="[735,873,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. euglochis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFC887E1C20F9FADA" author="Ehlers, E." box="[879,1023,1303,1329]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref105224" refString="Ehlers, E. (1887) Reports on the results of dredging, under the direction of L. F. Pourtales, during the years 1868 - 1870, and of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico (1877 - 78), and in the Caribbean Sea (1878 - 79), in the U. S. Coast Survey steamer " Blake ", Lieut-Com. C. D. Sigsbee, U. S. N. and Commander J. R. Bartlett, U. S. N., commanding. XXXI. Report on the Annelids. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 15, i - vi + 1 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65639" type="journal article" year="1887">Ehlers, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or especially as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFB5F7E1C23D7FABE" authority="Schmarda, 1861" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1861" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFB5F7E1C2626FADA" box="[1208,1312,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. viridis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFAC27E1C23D7FABE" author="Schmarda, L. K." pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref112898" refString="Schmarda, L. K. (1861) Neue Wirbellose Thiere: Beobachted und Gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erdr 1853 bis 1857. In Turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden. Erster Band, Zweite Halfte. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann. Leipzig. [unknown pagination]" type="book" year="1861">Schmarda, 1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, some authors have regarded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFDCC7E3020A7FABE" authority="de Quatrefages, 1866" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1866" box="[555,929,1339,1365]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFDCC7E3021A2FABF" box="[555,676,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFD4A7E3020A7FABE" author="De Quatrefages, A." box="[685,929,1339,1365]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="578 - 600" refId="ref105083" refString="De Quatrefages, A. (1866 (1865 )) Histoire naturelle des Anneles marins et d'eau douce. Annelides et Gephyriens. Vol. 1. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 588 pp. [publication date after Wright, E. P. (1866). Section 6 (Annelida, etc.). Zoological Record, 1866, 578 - 600] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 122818" type="book chapter" year="1866">de Quatrefages, 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym. This idea was proven wrong by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5CF7FFB6D75FFEEE7E5422C2FA92" author="Guy, A." box="[265,452,1375,1401]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="167 - 210" refId="ref107412" refString="Guy, A. (1964) Contribution a l'etude des annelides polychetes de la Cote d'Ivoire. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume, Serie Bulletin, 34 (50), 167 - 210." type="journal article" year="1964">Guy (1964: 178)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and he emphasized the differences in chaetae; his comments on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFB7E7E542604FA92" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1861" box="[1177,1282,1375,1401]" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFB7E7E542604FA92" box="[1177,1282,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
match
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E5A85FFB6D75FFAB37E5423D9FA76" authorityName="McIntosh" authorityYear="1925" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Chloeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphinomida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFAB37E5423D9FA76" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C. gilchristi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
instead, especially after the neurochaetal furcates with tiny spurs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374728DFFB6D75FFF207EAD2023FA2A" box="[199,805,1446,1473]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD12106FFB6D75FFF207EAD2023FA2A" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1473]" box="[199,805,1446,1473]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AFD14FFB6D75FFF207EAD225FFA2B" bold="true" box="[199,345,1446,1472]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3796196FFB6D75FFE727EAC2120FA2A" box="[405,550,1447,1473]" name="South Africa" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in subtidal sediments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |