495 lines
109 KiB
XML
495 lines
109 KiB
XML
<document id="5F9F23D04771C0307B90C6BAD726B55B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162469" ID-ZooBank="CF8E0B91-9AF7-4075-963D-9BC977B41852" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1689748652228" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gibson, Gary A. P. & Fusu, Lucian" docDate="2023" docId="03C7737CA608FFA1FF39FE67FAB1FADC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5318.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5318 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Neanaperiallus defunctus Gibson & Fusu 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="214" masterDocId="FFFE0B04A607FFB2FFAEFFCCFFE5FFA5" masterDocTitle="Leptoomidae, a new family of Eocene fossil Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera), and family classification of Eocene fossil genera originally described in Neanastatinae (Eupelmidae)" masterLastPageNumber="216" masterPageNumber="195" pageNumber="210" updateTime="1689856743257" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A55F23D7DAED3F4F054EC334DF124FDF">
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<mods:title id="BA6EA1DA036A83772F495C71213CED4D">Leptoomidae, a new family of Eocene fossil Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera), and family classification of Eocene fossil genera originally described in Neanastatinae (Eupelmidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A9136213DD9DDF51980470D4BB77CF56" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0D8F9B8E9A81BC6157937A2A7BAE572B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4D1356DDAB973C7A3E0035F357B38111">Gibson, Gary A. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="36409B53BF977880D2BC47147AA0F811">Honorary Research Associate, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, K. W. Neatby Bldg., 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, CANADA, K 1 A 0 C 6.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="33E3027EE62FE1944342291DACE03EC7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4B328B4777C4A96730F1593C9A946948">Fusu, Lucian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7CF3E3847E635328CD73AAA9269152E2">Al. I. Cuza University, Faculty of Biology, Bd. Carol I, Nr 11, 700506 Iasi, ROMANIA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="76A13200EC9A847184E5FB72372B7A67">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3B52824AB2D936D1CBD21178BB0728AE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B7D338D25C51ECA0A44420D6D8A41060">
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<mods:date id="3442692954FB8BDE3694286D0F4DE264">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="610B251B3965F1ADDCB849B5B44F6C0F">2023-07-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6CCDDA2134523BFAEB04CA2930BC2B87">5318</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0DCD03C66FFE6C46E19A24B88B4E7251">2</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="63EE8A47E0EC0E9ABA9181FD500311AE">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.2</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="9182E5F970868EF41323CF35BC4462F9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="29EFF5A4E6093E2912725E6427AD3B8C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F782AF9CADF7401D108172684A0010F8" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C37491E1A608FFBDFF39FE67FD9FFE63" box="[151,634,427,454]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA608FFBDFF39FE67FD9FFE63" blockId="15.[151,634,427,491]" box="[151,634,427,454]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">
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<heading id="D0997506A608FFBDFF39FE67FD9FFE63" bold="true" box="[151,634,427,454]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B91A1E78A608FFBDFF39FE67FD9FFE63" bold="true" box="[151,634,427,454]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A608FFBDFF39FE67FDF0FE63" authority="Fusu" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,533,427,454]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91A1E78A608FFBDFF39FE67FE2AFE63" bold="true" box="[151,463,427,454]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Neanaperiallus defunctus</emphasis>
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Fusu
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A229A303A608FFBDFDB2FE60FD9FFE63" box="[540,634,428,454]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="C37491E1A608FFBDFF39FE1CFB52FD88" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA608FFBDFF39FE1CFE8AFE4E" blockId="15.[151,634,427,491]" box="[151,367,464,491]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">
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<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFF39FE1CFEB3FE4F" box="[151,342,464,490]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Figs 4A‒C, E‒G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFECFFE1CFE8AFE4E" box="[353,367,464,491]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA608FFBDFF39FDDEFB52FD88" blockId="15.[151,1207,530,557]" box="[151,1207,530,557]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">
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http://zoobank.org/
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<subSubSection id="C37491E1A608FFBDFF39FD99FCF3FD7E" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA608FFBDFF39FD99FCF3FD7E" blockId="15.[151,1437,597,2028]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">
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<emphasis id="B91A1E78A608FFBDFF39FD99FED8FDCA" bold="true" box="[151,317,597,623]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Type material</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B06C837A608FFBDFEE5FD99FCF3FD7E" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54D57CC8A608FFBDFEE5FD99FE56FDCA" box="[331,435,597,623]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D6809E3A608FFBDFE14FD9AFE2AFDD5" box="[442,463,598,624]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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(deposited in AICF). Baltic amber of Polish origin, no. LF2101. The fossil is preserved in a
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<quantity id="4C966F8FA608FFBDFF66FDB5FEECFD31" box="[200,265,633,660]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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thick, triangular amber piece with sides of about 10 × 7 ×
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<quantity id="4C966F8FA608FFBDFC30FDB5FC3AFD31" box="[926,991,633,660]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFC40FDB5FBADFD36" box="[1006,1096,633,659]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
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, inset). Fossil with dorsal side very near the surface and part of the wing venation of the right fore wing, including marginal vein and basal parts of stigmal and postmarginal veins, chipped off (
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<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFD01FD0DFCEFFD7E" box="[687,778,705,731]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37491E1A608FFBDFF69FD29FB4BFD5A" box="[199,1198,741,768]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA608FFBDFF69FD29FB4BFD5A" blockId="15.[151,1437,597,2028]" box="[199,1198,741,768]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">
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<emphasis id="B91A1E78A608FFBDFF69FD29FEADFD5A" bold="true" box="[199,328,741,767]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Etymology</emphasis>
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. From the Latin
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<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A608FFBDFDABFD29FD95FD5A" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[517,624,741,767]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
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<emphasis id="B91A1E78A608FFBDFDABFD29FD95FD5A" box="[517,624,741,767]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">defunctus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(deceased), in reference to the taxon being extinct.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37491E1A608FFBDFF69FCC5FCC6FCE2" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA608FFBDFF69FCC5FCC6FCE2" blockId="15.[151,1437,597,2028]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">
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<emphasis id="B91A1E78A608FFBDFF69FCC5FEDFFC86" bold="true" box="[199,314,777,803]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. The new species differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A608FFBDFD04FCC6FCF9FC86" box="[682,796,778,803]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janzeni">
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<emphasis id="B91A1E78A608FFBDFD04FCC6FCF9FC86" box="[682,796,778,803]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">L. janzeni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by its gracile antenna and legs and in sculpture of the mesoscutum having a larger mesh size. See also Remarks.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37491E1A608FFA2FF69FC9DFC30FA40" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="211" pageId="15" pageNumber="210" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA608FFBDFF69FC9DFC7FFC72" blockId="15.[151,1437,597,2028]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">
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<emphasis id="B91A1E78A608FFBDFF69FC9DFEB4FCCE" bold="true" box="[199,337,849,875]" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Description</emphasis>
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. Length 2.5 mm including ovipositor sheaths. Body (
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<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFC66FC9DFBC1FCCE" box="[968,1060,849,875]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
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) silvery due to thin layer of air surrounding it, but probably uniformly brown based on parts of antennae, prepectus, legs and some gastral tergites and sternites (these regions brown because during preparation part of the air layer was displaced by water that entered the inclusion through the chipped-off parts of the fore wing).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA608FFA2FF69FC2DFC30FA40" blockId="15.[151,1437,597,2028]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="211" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">
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Head width: length: height = 44: 21: ~33. Head in dorsal view (
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<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFC65FC2DFBC6FC5E" box="[971,1059,993,1019]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
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) lenticular; vertex rounded into occiput; interocular distance ~0.4× head width (19: 44); ocelli arranged in an obtuse triangle, with MPOD: OOL: POL: LOL = 79: 90: 253: 147. Eyes in anterior view with inner margins not divergent ventrally (
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<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFB51FBE5FAB3FBE1" box="[1279,1366,1065,1092]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
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) or at least not conspicuously divergent (examination in direct frontal view not possible); scrobal depression shallow, with non-carinate lateral margin; torulus with lower margin in line with or slightly ventral to lower ocular line; malar sulcus straight; labrum exposed and at right angle to clypeus. Mandible apparently with three teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFAEFFB59FA72FB15" box="[1345,1431,1173,1200]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
, inset: arrows) (contact area between mandibles covered with a white substance). Eye apparently bare. Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFF31FB11FEC7FB52" box="[159,290,1245,1271]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Figs 4A‒C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with scape spindle-shaped (the limit between scape and radicle not observable and scape width not measurable in exact lateral view but scape at least about 5× as long as wide); ratios of pedicel, funiculars and clava (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFEBBFAE9FE88FA9A" box="[277,365,1317,1343]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
) measured in lateral view (length: width) = (25: 9), (7: 7), (12: 8.5), (13: 10), (12.5: 11), (12: 12), (12: 13), (12.5: 13.5), (14: 14), (35.5: 15); fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA608FFBDFD44FA90FD17FACF" attach="left" box="[746,754,1372,1386]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">1</subScript>
|
||
differentiated from remaining preclaval flagellomeres by being slightly narrower and quadrate, and without mps; fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA608FFBDFC94FA4CFCA7FA2B" attach="left" box="[826,834,1408,1422]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">2</subScript>
|
||
longer than wide but slightly shorter and evidently narrower than fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA608FFBDFEFEFA68FEBBFA17" attach="left" box="[336,350,1444,1458]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">3,</subScript>
|
||
which is the longest flagellomere other than fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA608FFBDFCD9FA68FC9AFA17" attach="right" box="[887,895,1444,1458]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">8</subScript>
|
||
, flagellomeres following fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA608FFBDFB17FA68FB24FA17" attach="left" box="[1209,1217,1444,1458]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">1</subScript>
|
||
subequal in length but gradually widening toward clava, resulting in fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA608FFBDFD49FA04FD0AFA73" attach="left" box="[743,751,1480,1494]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">2</subScript>
|
||
‒fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA608FFBDFCA1FA04FCF2FA73" attach="left" box="[783,791,1480,1494]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">4</subScript>
|
||
being longer than wide and fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA608FFBDFBDDFA04FB9EFA73" attach="right" box="[1139,1147,1480,1494]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">5</subScript>
|
||
‒fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA608FFBDFB35FA04FB46FA73" attach="left" box="[1179,1187,1480,1494]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">8</subScript>
|
||
slightly transverse or quadrate; clava with strongly abutting clavomeres and micropilose sensory region small, restricted to apex of terminal segment so as to appear as a rounded terminal button (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFCF1FA31FC5CF9B2" box="[863,953,1533,1559]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
: tb). Antenna in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFAAAFA31FABEF9B2" box="[1284,1371,1533,1559]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA608FFBDFF07F9F8FF54F9E7" attach="left" box="[169,177,1588,1602]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">2</subScript>
|
||
and fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA608FFBDFF53F9F8FEE0F9E7" attach="left" box="[253,261,1588,1602]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">3</subScript>
|
||
even more obviously narrower compared to apical preclaval flagellomeres. Pronotum in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFF0EF989FF1EF9FA" box="[160,251,1605,1631]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
) about one-third length of mesoscutum (26: 73) and about 2.8× as wide as long medially, with dorsal surface sloping from posterior margin; in lateral view not readily visible, but apparently almost vertical and barely convex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFF52F941FEB0F902" box="[252,341,1677,1703]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
|
||
); pronotum uniformly reticulate, and with dark setae. Mesoscutum only slightly shoulder-like posterior to pronotum, about 1.25× as wide as long; reticulate with large cells, the sculpture smaller on lateral lobes compared to median lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFDB7F919FD9DF94A" box="[537,632,1749,1775]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
); mesoscutal furrows not differentiated in sculpture, but well visible along entire length because lateral and median lobe meet at an angle, the furrow deepest anterolaterally medial to spiracle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFF51F8D1FEB9F892" box="[255,348,1821,1847]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesoscutellar-axillar complex with inner angles of axillae separated by 0.3× maximum width of axilla and 0.4× anterior width of axilla; scutoscutellar sutures crenulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFC52F88DFBB3F8FE" box="[1020,1110,1857,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
); mesoscutellum and axillae low convex and in about the same plane, with reticulate sculpture changing to imbricate with transverse cells on lateral surfaces; with inconspicuous decumbent setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFC85F845FC42F806" box="[811,935,1929,1955]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Figs 4E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
); mesoscutellum not carinate laterally, with distinct frenal arm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFED7F861FE30F86D" box="[377,469,1965,1992]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
|
||
: far), without an obvious frenum but with sculpture along apical margin aligned, the sculptural difference differentiating a thin carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFD78F81DFCD6F84E" box="[726,819,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">Figs 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA608FFBDFCEEF81DFC86F849" box="[832,867,2001,2028]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="210">5H</figureCitation>
|
||
inset: smc) that delineates a lunate, down-sloped mesoscutellar apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FED0FF5BFE3CFF14" box="[382,473,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
|
||
: arrow). Metanotum with dorsellum an oblique semicircular band, cup-like over apex of mesoscutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FEDAFF77FE2BFF70" box="[372,462,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
|
||
insert: dor), with an evident gap (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FCF5FF77FC5DFF70" box="[859,952,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
|
||
: double arrow) between the two sclerites; lateral panel anteriorly crenulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FDB0FF13FD9CFF5C" box="[542,633,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
: mcb) (but crenulation not clearly visible because of position of right wing and a small brown inclusion in the amber on left side); in lateral view apex of mesoscutellum, dorsellum and propodeum forming a continuous sloping surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FCA3FEEBFC6CFEE4" box="[781,905,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Figs 4E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). [The separation between mesoscutellum and dorsellum was less visible before part of the air layer around the fossil was displaced by some water during preparation (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A617FFA2FE84FEA3FEDAFE2C" box="[298,319,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">cf</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FEE0FEA3FE47FE2C" box="[334,418,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
with 5H).] Propodeum not differentiated into plical and callar regions, its median length about half lateral length, anteriorly with a crenulate band medial to spiracle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FBB9FE5FFB90FE08" box="[1047,1141,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
: pcb), and with a median carina, the carina widening posteriorly from about mid length into a triangular area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FBE1FE7BFB4EFE74" box="[1103,1195,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
: arrow) (distal end of the carina mostly obscured by the wing); mostly bare except with long setae lateral to spiracle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FB78FE17FACAFE50" box="[1238,1327,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
); spiracle close to anterior margin of propodeum; propodeal foramen in dorsal view semicircular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FB04FE33FAECFDBC" box="[1194,1289,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesosoma with acropleuron uniformly convex and smooth, finely alutaceous only anteriorly and posteriorly, with no visible setae, extending posteriorly to posterodorsal angle of mesocoxa and likely to metapleuron; upper mesepimeron not visible, lower mesepimeron a flat and narrowly elongated triangular region between acropleuron and base of mesocoxa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FEB6FD43FE96FD0C" box="[280,371,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
); acropleural sulcus crenulate, almost linearly directed from above mesocoxa, only in anterior third gradually curved towards posterodorsal angle of prepectus; mesepisternum large, in lateroventral view about same size as acropleuron (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FE7DFD1BFDD7FD54" box="[467,562,726,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
), with no visible setae. Metapleuron not visible. Dorsal protibial spicules absent, with two dorsoapical spicules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FDF5FD37FD5DFCB0" box="[603,696,762,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
, inset: arrow); middle and hind legs not conspicuously long, of about same length, and hind leg not unusually modified, with two tibial spurs; mesocoxa with basolateral cavity present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FF55FC8FFEBCFCF8" box="[251,345,834,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
); mesotibia with a row of 4 spine-like pegs apically (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FC67FC8FFBC0FCF8" box="[969,1061,834,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
: map), and with mesotibial spur 1.7‒1.9× as long as apical width of mesotibia depending on viewing angle; mesotarsus slender, with basitarsus in lateral view about 5.4× as long as wide and of similar length as combined length of four apical tarsomeres, the mesotarsal peg pattern similar along anterior and posterior margins, consisting of robust spines basally that gradually become thicker and more peg-like towards apex of respective tarsomere, with only the apical-most seta on both sides of tarsomeres 1‒4 distinctly peg-like (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FC8DFC3BFC9AFBB4" box="[803,895,1014,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
: pg). Fore wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FBE9FC3BFB45FBB4" box="[1095,1184,1014,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
|
||
) appearing uniformly infuscate, slightly brownish; costal cell with ventral surface uniformly setose, but dorsally with two rows of setae along leading margin for length of parastigma plus about distal half of costal cell; basal cell and disc uniformly setose except for bare vanal and cubital areas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FD07FBAFFCE5FBD8" box="[681,768,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
) and an elongate, broad, bare band posterior to parastigma and basal third of marginal vein; the bare band separated from basal fold and parastigma by about three lines of setae and though it is asetose dorsally, with about four inconspicuous setae ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FB24FB67FB0CFB60" box="[1162,1257,1194,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
|
||
); cc: mv: pmv: stv = 685: 481: 472: 192. Gaster lanceolate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FD35FB03FD13FB4C" box="[667,758,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
) (slightly distorted because of internal gas build-up during taphonomic processes); with seven tergites, each with a straight posterior margin (whether terminal tergite is completely fused into a syntergum or Gt
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA617FFA2FDF2FAE5FD81FA92" attach="left" box="[604,612,1321,1335]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">7</subScript>
|
||
and Gt
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA617FFA2FD18FAE5FD5BFA92" attach="left" box="[694,702,1321,1335]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">8</subScript>
|
||
are separated dorsally by a suture is hidden by Gt
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA617FFA2FB45FAE5FB16FA92" attach="left" box="[1259,1267,1321,1335]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">6</subScript>
|
||
which extends to level of cerci but possibly present is a line or suture ventral to cercus in lateral view); syntergum with cercus closer to anterior than to posterior margin, short behind cerci, and apically truncate, hence ovipositor sheaths mostly not covered (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FE2EFA4FFE3EFA38" box="[384,475,1410,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
); with a bare, cylindrical and slightly wrinkled anal tube posterior to syntergum over most of rest of ovipositor sheaths (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FD82FA6BFD6FFA64" box="[556,650,1446,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
); hypopygium extending half-length of gaster (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FB01FA6BFAE9FA64" box="[1199,1292,1446,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ovipositor sheaths projecting beyond syntergum but only slightly beyond anal tube.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37491E1A617FFA1FF69FA23FAB1FADC" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="16" pageNumber="211" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA617FFA2FF69FA23FBFBF878" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A617FFA2FF69FA23FED6F9AC" bold="true" box="[199,307,1519,1545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D57CC8A617FFA2FEDCFA23FE3BF9AC" box="[370,478,1519,1545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">holotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A617FFA2FDACFA23FD9EF9AD" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[514,635,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A617FFA2FDACFA23FD9EF9AD" box="[514,635,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">N. masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A617FFA2FD1FFA23FCDEF9AC" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[689,827,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A617FFA2FD1FFA23FCDEF9AC" box="[689,827,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">N. defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appear very different upon superficial comparison, but this is partly because of their different preservation states and likely because all features cannot be viewed from exactly the same angles in the two inclusions. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D57CC8A617FFA2FDC0F9FBFD2AF9F4" box="[622,719,1591,1617]" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A617FFA2FD5CF9FBFC8EF9F5" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[754,875,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A617FFA2FD5CF9FBFC8EF9F5" box="[754,875,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">N. masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
superficially appears to have lanceolate mesonotal setae, the mesoscutum appears uniformly convex, the costal cell appears mostly bare, and the scutoscutellar sutures appear linear. However, all of these apparent features likely reflect the inclusion being covered by a thin layer of a white substance, and can be reinterpreted in the light of the newly discovered specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A617FFA2FB22F96FFAF2F918" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[1164,1303,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A617FFA2FB22F96FFAF2F918" box="[1164,1303,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">N. defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As already mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFFBF9BA617FFA2FE98F90BFE3DF944" author="Gibson, G. A. P." box="[310,472,1735,1761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="211" pagination="175 - 214" refId="ref17269" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (2009) Description of three new genera and four new species of Neanastatinae (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae) from Baltic amber, with discussion of their relationships to extant taxa. ZooKeys, 20, 175 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 20.161" type="journal article" year="2009">Gibson (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and above, the conspicuous lanceolate setae are certainly an artefact since they appear normal in lateral view, and the mesoscutum can be reinterpreted as having weak notaular furrows that differentiate the mesoscutum into median and lateral lobes that are noticeable as different shadings in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FBDEF8C3FB22F88C" box="[1136,1223,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
, but also in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFFBF9BA617FFA2FAE2F8C3FF3FF8E8" author="Gibson, G. A. P." pageId="16" pageNumber="211" pagination="175 - 214" refId="ref17269" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (2009) Description of three new genera and four new species of Neanastatinae (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae) from Baltic amber, with discussion of their relationships to extant taxa. ZooKeys, 20, 175 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 20.161" type="journal article" year="2009">Gibson (2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 59). Further, even though the published photograph of the costal cell (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFFBF9BA617FFA2FBB4F8FFFB48F8E8" author="Gibson, G. A. P." box="[1050,1197,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="211" pagination="175 - 214" refId="ref17269" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (2009) Description of three new genera and four new species of Neanastatinae (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae) from Baltic amber, with discussion of their relationships to extant taxa. ZooKeys, 20, 175 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 20.161" type="journal article" year="2009">Gibson 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 62) appears bare except for a line of setae along anterior margin, an unpublished alternate image of the other wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA617FFA2FB65F89BFAC4F8D4" box="[1227,1313,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
) shows the costal cell to be uniformly setose. The scutoscutellar sutures likely are also crenulate, though some of the perceived transverse ridges in fig. 4H are setae and some are cell walls, because in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A617FFA2FC72F853FB8CF81C" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[988,1129,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A617FFA2FC72F853FB8CF81C" box="[988,1129,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="211">N. defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the crenulate nature of the suture is also more or less visible depending on the angle and lighting conditions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1192E2A616FFA3FF36F896FD0CF87B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="212" startId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA616FFA3FF36F896FD0CF87B" blockId="17.[151,1437,1882,2014]" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A616FFA3FF36F896FE45F8D7" bold="true" box="[152,416,1882,1906]" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A616FFA3FE03F896FD55F8D7" authority="Gibson & Fusu, 2023" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[429,688,1882,1906]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A616FFA3FE03F896FD55F8D7" box="[429,688,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">Neanaperiallus defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A616FFA3FD18F896FCE2F8D7" bold="true" box="[694,775,1882,1906]" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A229A303A616FFA3FD18F896FCE2F8D7" box="[694,775,1882,1906]" pageId="17" pageNumber="212" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype ♀:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A616FFA3FC3CF896FC41F8D7" bold="true" box="[914,932,1882,1906]" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">A</emphasis>
|
||
, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A616FFA3FF5AF8B2FEE0F833" bold="true" box="[244,261,1918,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">B</emphasis>
|
||
, head and outer view of antenna;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A616FFA3FDCDF8B2FD90F833" bold="true" box="[611,629,1918,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">C</emphasis>
|
||
, antenna in dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A616FFA3FCD6F8B2FC4CF833" bold="true" box="[888,937,1918,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">E‒G</emphasis>
|
||
, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A616FFA3FD0BF86EFD0BF81F" bold="true" box="[677,750,1954,1978]" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">D & H</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A616FFA3FD54F86EFC15F81F" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[762,1008,1954,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A616FFA3FD54F86EFC15F81F" box="[762,1008,1954,1978]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">Neanaperiallus masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A616FFA3FC53F86EFBEAF81F" bold="true" box="[1021,1039,1954,1978]" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">D</emphasis>
|
||
, fore and hind wings;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A616FFA3FB58F86EFAEFF81F" bold="true" box="[1270,1290,1954,1978]" pageId="17" pageNumber="212">H</emphasis>
|
||
, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF1192E2A615FFA0FF36F9E2FEC2F8BB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="213" startId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA615FFA0FF36F9E2FEC2F8BB" blockId="18.[151,1437,1582,1822]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A615FFA0FF36F9E2FEFCF9E3" bold="true" box="[152,281,1582,1606]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A615FFA0FE8EF9E2FDC0F9E3" authority="Gibson & Fusu, 2023" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[288,549,1582,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A615FFA0FE8EF9E2FDC0F9E3" box="[288,549,1582,1606]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">Neanaperiallus defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A615FFA0FD82F9E2FD98F9E3" bold="true" box="[556,637,1582,1606]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A229A303A615FFA0FD82F9E2FD98F9E3" box="[556,637,1582,1606]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype ♀:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A615FFA0FCA3F9E2FCFAF9E3" bold="true" box="[781,799,1582,1606]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">A</emphasis>
|
||
, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A615FFA0FDAFF99EFDF7F9CF" bold="true" box="[513,530,1618,1642]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">B</emphasis>
|
||
, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A615FFA0FB36F99EFB4FF9CF" bold="true" box="[1176,1194,1618,1642]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">C</emphasis>
|
||
, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A615FFA0FD8FF9BAFDD6F92B" bold="true" box="[545,563,1654,1678]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">D</emphasis>
|
||
, distal part of gaster in ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A615FFA0FC14F9BAFC2EF92B" bold="true" box="[954,971,1654,1678]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">E</emphasis>
|
||
, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A615FFA0FC15F956FC2FF917" bold="true" box="[955,970,1690,1714]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">F</emphasis>
|
||
, head in posterior view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A615FFA0FB6BF956FB3CF917" bold="true" box="[1221,1241,1690,1714]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">G</emphasis>
|
||
, fore wing;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A615FFA0FAFDF956FA82F917" bold="true" box="[1363,1383,1690,1714]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">H</emphasis>
|
||
, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA615FFA1FF69F8BCFE0EFF5C" blockId="18.[151,1437,1904,2039]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,1401]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="18" pageNumber="213">
|
||
Aside from these apparent differences and some others, such as relative placement of the toruli that might reflect angle of view, the
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6809E3A615FFA0FEC3F859FDF0F80B" box="[365,533,1940,1967]" pageId="18" pageNumber="213" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
are quite similar. Both individuals have similar shaped heads with an occipital carina (a feature otherwise not shared by any species formerly included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A615FFA0FC51F874FB60F877" box="[1023,1157,1976,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eupelmidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A615FFA0FB1EF874FA9FF877" authorityName="Howard" authorityYear="1890" box="[1200,1402,1976,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Tanaostigmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tanaostigmatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), a mesosoma and propodeum that are very similar in shape, similar comparative size of all sclerites, including the presence of a strong frenal arm, crenulate lines of sculpture laterally on the metanotum and along the anterior margin of the propodeum, and similar position of the spiracle. The fore wing setation and the ratios between the veins of the two species is also similar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA614FFA1FF69FECFFCACFD0C" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1401]" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FF69FECFFE02FEB8" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[199,487,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FF69FECFFE02FEB8" box="[199,487,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Neanaperiallus defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FDD1FECFFD1EFEB9" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[639,763,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FDD1FECFFD1EFEB9" box="[639,763,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having more gracile antenna and legs and in mesoscutal sculpture. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FE82FEEBFE5CFEE4" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[300,441,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FE82FEEBFE5CFEE4" box="[300,441,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the flagellum is narrower basally, with fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA614FFA1FC38FEF5FC7BFEE2" attach="left" box="[918,926,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">2</subScript>
|
||
evidently narrower than fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA614FFA1FB63FEF5FB30FEE2" attach="left" box="[1229,1237,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">3</subScript>
|
||
and especially in dorsal view fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA614FFA1FE9CFE91FEDFFECE" attach="left" box="[306,314,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">2</subScript>
|
||
and fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA614FFA1FE2DFE91FE6EFECE" attach="left" box="[387,395,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">3</subScript>
|
||
are obviously narrower than the apical flagellomeres, and fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA614FFA1FB9AFE91FBD9FECE" attach="left" box="[1076,1084,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">2</subScript>
|
||
is also slightly shorter than fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA614FFA1FA23FE91FA70FECE" attach="left" box="[1421,1429,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">3</subScript>
|
||
, whereas the flagellum is more cylindrical in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FD3EFEA3FCEEFE2D" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[656,779,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FD3EFEA3FCEEFE2D" box="[656,779,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and fl
|
||
<subScript id="17EAC02FA614FFA1FCFBFE4DFCB8FE2A" attach="left" box="[853,861,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">2</subScript>
|
||
is the longest flagellomere. Further, the mesotibial spur is 1.7‒1.9× as long as the apical width of the mesotibia and the mesotarsus is slender, with the basitarsus in lateral view about 5.4× as long as wide, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FD45FE7BFC8DFE75" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[747,872,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FD45FE7BFC8DFE75" box="[747,872,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the mesotibial spur is only about 1.5× as long as the apical width of the mesotibia and the basitarsus is only about 3× as long as wide. Although these differences might in part reflect measurements from slightly different angles of view, there is also a conspicuous difference in sculpture of the mesoscutum between the two species. The reticulate mesh size is noticeably larger for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FABFFDEFFA79FD98" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[1297,1436,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FABFFDEFFA79FD98" box="[1297,1436,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA614FFA1FF31FD8BFF12FDC4" box="[159,247,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
) compared to much smaller, more reticulate-punctate mesh size for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FC42FD8BFB83FDC5" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[1004,1126,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FC42FD8BFB83FDC5" box="[1004,1126,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA614FFA1FBDBFD8BFB2BFDC4" box="[1141,1230,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFFBF9BA614FFA1FB77FD8BFA89FDC4" author="Gibson, G. A. P." box="[1241,1388,583,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" pagination="175 - 214" refId="ref17269" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (2009) Description of three new genera and four new species of Neanastatinae (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae) from Baltic amber, with discussion of their relationships to extant taxa. ZooKeys, 20, 175 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 20.161" type="journal article" year="2009">Gibson 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 59). The acropleural sulcus also appears different in the two species, being curved in its anterior third in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FABCFDA7FA79FD20" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[1298,1436,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FABCFDA7FA79FD20" box="[1298,1436,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA614FFA1FF31FD43FF12FD0C" box="[159,247,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
) but almost straight-oblique in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FDF6FD43FD36FD0D" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[600,723,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FDF6FD43FD36FD0D" box="[600,723,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA614FFA1FD4CFD43FCDEFD0C" box="[738,827,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,180,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-25@10.[151,1436,179,1809]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lateral view of mesosoma: A, Neanaperiallus masneri; B, Leptoomus janzeni; C, Tanaostigmodes sp.; D, Cynipencyrtus ishii; E, Eopelma gibsoni; F, Savzdargia sp.; G, Neanastatus sp.; H, Lambdobregma sp.; I, Brevivulva electroma. Insets in H and I are dorsal views of apex of mesoscutellum to propodeum; green arrows on images indicate the intersection of base of tegula with dorsal margin of prepectus, white arrows indicate posterior margin of prepectus; see ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162471/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA614FFA1FF69FD7FFC04FC24" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1401]" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">
|
||
The last obvious difference between the two inclusions is the setal arrangement of the apical third of the mesoscutellum (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FEE1FD1BFE86FD54" box="[335,355,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">cf</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA614FFA1FEDEFD1BFE14FD54" box="[368,497,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Figs 4 E, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FD8CFD1BFD79FD55" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[546,668,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FD8CFD1BFD79FD55" box="[546,668,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the setae are arranged in a sparse whorl, with the setae directed more or less laterally rather than posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA614FFA1FDE0FD37FD40FCB0" box="[590,677,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
) similar to some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FC74FD37FB54FCB0" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1837" box="[986,1201,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Merostenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FC74FD37FBB9FCB1" box="[986,1116,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Merostenus</emphasis>
|
||
Walker
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFFBF9BA614FFA1FB11FD37FADCFCB0" author="Fusu, L." box="[1215,1337,763,789]" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref16812" refString="Fusu, L. (2013) A revision to the Palaearctic species of Reikosiella (Hirticauda) (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae). Zootaxa, 3636 (1), 1 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3636.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Fusu 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 15), whereas all the setae are apparently directed posteriorly in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FC89FCD3FC57FC9C" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[807,946,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FC89FCD3FC57FC9C" box="[807,946,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA614FFA1FC6CFCD3FBFCFC9C" box="[962,1049,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, because the setae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FA2DFCD3FF14FCF9" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FA2DFCD3FF14FCF9" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are much more conspicuous, it is possible that the setal pattern of the two species is more similar than is apparent, the setae being more difficult to see and interpret in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FCE0FCABFC3CFC24" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[846,985,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FCE0FCABFC3CFC24" box="[846,985,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1C26AA614FFA1FF69FC47FAB1FADC" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1401]" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">
|
||
An important aspect of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FE74FC47FD62FC00" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[474,647,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FE74FC47FD62FC00" box="[474,647,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Neanaperiallus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
not discussed in detail before (because it is not readily visible in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FA2DFC47FF14FC6D" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FA2DFC47FF14FC6D" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is the structure of the apex of the mesoscutellum and the metanotum. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FBE3FC63FB3EFC6C" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[1101,1243,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FBE3FC63FB85FC6D" box="[1101,1120,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FBDEFC63FB3EFC6C" box="[1136,1243,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the dorsellum is raised and cup-like over the mesoscutellar apex, oblique relative to a down-sloped surface visible just behind the apical marginal carina. This apical portion of the mesoscutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA614FFA1FCD5FC3BFC31FBB4" box="[891,980,1014,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
|
||
, inset: arrow) is likely homologous with the frenum, being located immediately posterior to the frenal arms (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA614FFA1FC08FBD7FBE4FB90" box="[934,1025,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
|
||
, inset: far) and visible because of a slight separation between the dorsellum and mesoscutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA614FFA1FCF9FBF3FC55FBFC" box="[855,944,1086,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1582,1606]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-25@18.[151,1436,181,1558]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, head and mesosoma in ventral view, protibia as an inset with arrow indicating dorsoapical pegs; B, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in dorsal (posterior) view; C, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus in ventral (anterior) view; D, distal part of gaster in ventral view; E, head in ventral view with the inset showing the clypeus, labrum and mandibles and arrows indicating the mandibular teeth; F, head in posterior view; G, fore wing; H, fore wing base and, as inset, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, apex of mesoscutellum and dorsellum with double-headed arrow within gap between the two sclerites and single arrow indicating the subvertical mesoscutellar apex. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162480/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
|
||
insert: double arrow). Because this gap is visible in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FEEDFBAFFE15FBD8" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[323,496,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FEEDFBAFFE15FBD8" box="[323,496,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Neanaperiallus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fossils, it likely is not an artefact of preservation. Besides this separation between the mesoscutellar apex and dorsellum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFFBF9BA614FFA1FDF1FB4BFD1DFB04" author="Gibson, G. A. P." box="[607,760,1159,1185]" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" pagination="175 - 214" refId="ref17269" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (2009) Description of three new genera and four new species of Neanastatinae (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae) from Baltic amber, with discussion of their relationships to extant taxa. ZooKeys, 20, 175 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 20.161" type="journal article" year="2009">Gibson 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 59) the fossil of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FC51FB4BFB9BFB05" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[1023,1150,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FC51FB4BFB9BFB05" box="[1023,1150,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possibly also shows the presence of a marginal carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355DEEFA614FFA1FE5EFB67FDAEFB60" box="[496,587,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1858]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. A‒C & E‒G, Neanaperiallus defunctus sp. nov., holotype ♀: A, habitus with amber piece containing the fossil as an inset; B, head and outer view of antenna; C, antenna in dorsal view; E‒G, head and mesosoma with arrow in G indicating the posteriorly dilated part of the propodeal carina. D & H, Neanaperiallus masneri: D, fore and hind wings; H, mesosoma in dorsal view. See ‘Material and methods’ for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162478/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
: smc), as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FD78FB67FC84FB60" authorityName="Gibson & Fusu" authorityYear="2023" box="[726,865,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defunctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FD78FB67FC84FB60" box="[726,865,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">N. defunctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, the metanotum in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FB2FFB67FACBFB60" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2009" box="[1153,1326,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Neanaperiallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FB2FFB67FACBFB60" box="[1153,1326,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Neanaperiallus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FF18FB03FEDFFB4C" authorityName="sensu Gibson" authorityYear="1989" box="[182,314,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Calosotinae">Calosotinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and many female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FDBAFB03FD78FB4C" authorityName="sensu Gibson" authorityYear="1989" box="[532,669,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eupelminae">Eupelminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and is likely correlated with the apex of the mesoscutellum being differentiated in a narrow vertical frenum. Members of these two subfamilies also often have a visible gap as described above, which may be structurally necessary for mesonotal flexing. A marginal rim is also present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6EB9E9A614FFA1FF39FAF7FEF0FAF0" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1835" box="[151,277,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Metapelma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A1E78A614FFA1FF39FAF7FEF0FAF0" box="[151,277,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="214">Metapelma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but in this genus the mesoscutellum overlies the dorsellum, thus lacking a vertical apical surface behind the rim, though the mesoscutellum and dorsellum are also separated by a narrow gap (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFFBF9BA614FFA1FBF4FA93FB0AFADC" author="Gibson, G. A. P." box="[1114,1263,1375,1401]" pageId="19" pageNumber="214" pagination="175 - 214" refId="ref17269" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (2009) Description of three new genera and four new species of Neanastatinae (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae) from Baltic amber, with discussion of their relationships to extant taxa. ZooKeys, 20, 175 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 20.161" type="journal article" year="2009">Gibson 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 14).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |