treatments-xml/data/03/C7/63/03C763101E26FFCA72D5E7C23E49FB70.xml

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<mods:title id="DCCD5CC74ACE2D93D0D53EC305D1D31F">Russula buyckii, a new species of Russula subgenus Incrustatula from Eastern Himalaya, India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E5A3BA1076372CDD6AEC7987C8701A13">Paloi, Soumitra</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A466B187D402E624A77274CDBCC2E8CD">Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University College of Science and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, Kolkata- 700019, West Bengal, India. &amp; West Bengal Biodiversity Board, Poura Bhawan, Salt Lake City, Sector III, Kolkata- 700016.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8313E51BB375628EC8A6B7649F7DB8F4">Dutta, Arun Kumar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CE0B62C13BFB3D872F7A670AA9ADC31F">Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University College of Science and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, Kolkata- 700019, West Bengal, India. &amp; West Bengal Biodiversity Board, Poura Bhawan, Salt Lake City, Sector III, Kolkata- 700016.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B468291FDA2227FA03B7CAB46D4D3819">Pradhan, Prakash</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="222B5E8A51791A400041819570BA808D">Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University College of Science and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, Kolkata- 700019, West Bengal, India. &amp; West Bengal Biodiversity Board, Poura Bhawan, Salt Lake City, Sector III, Kolkata- 700016.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4E3F15F78D782DCACFF4D59F8864EED4">Roy, Anirban</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FEA267D3B7666314727B8DA553EF0744">West Bengal Biodiversity Board, Poura Bhawan, Salt Lake City, Sector III, Kolkata- 700016.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9D0049D8AC9996D1A667A4198ED03DAC">Acharya, Krishnendu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7546736AC604948387BC00EF2E8FDE51">Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University College of Science and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, Kolkata- 700019, West Bengal, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8BD1D2061E26FFCF72D5E7C23FC4F88E" blockId="1.[136,983,1780,1807]" box="[136,983,1780,1807]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">
<heading id="D099656A1E26FFCF72D5E7C23FC4F88E" box="[136,983,1780,1807]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C6EA9851E26FFCF72D5E7C23EDEF88E" ID-CoL="4TRPX" authority="K. Acharya, S. Paloi &amp; A.K. Dutta" authorityName="K. Acharya, S. Paloi &amp; A. K. Dutta" authorityYear="2016" box="[136,717,1780,1807]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Russula" kingdom="Fungi" order="Russulales" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="buyckii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E26FFCF72D5E7C23D53F88E" bold="true" box="[136,320,1780,1807]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Russula buyckii</emphasis>
K. Acharya, S. Paloi &amp; A.K. Dutta
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, 
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<emphasis id="B91A0E141E26FFCF7085E7C03F34F88E" box="[728,807,1782,1807]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
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, 
<figureCitation id="1355CE831E26FFCF7161E7C03FB6F88E" box="[828,933,1782,1807]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1304,1325]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,278,1274]" captionTargetId="figure-95@2.[151,1436,278,1276]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Russula buyckii (CUH AM277). a–b. Fresh basidiomata in the field; c–d. Scanning Electron Micrograph of basidiospore. Scale Bars: a–b = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13674695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13674695/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Figures 1</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="1355CE831E26FFCF7194E7C03FC4F88E" box="[969,983,1782,1807]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[189,1379,190,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-14@3.[189,1398,190,1900]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Microscopic features of Russula buyckii (CUH AM277, holotype). a. Basidiospores as seen in Melzer’s reagent; b. Basidia; c. Hymenial cystidia (near gill sides) as observed in Congo Red; d. Primordial hyphae at pileus surface; e. Hyphal terminations near the pileus margin; f. Hyphal terminations of the pileus center; Scale Bars: a‒f = 5 μm. (Drawing by A.K. Dutta)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13674699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13674699/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">2</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1D2061E26FFCF72D5E62C3D81F8B2" blockId="1.[136,402,1818,1843]" box="[136,402,1818,1843]" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">MycoBank MB 814987</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B91A0E141E26FFCF72D5E6543D13F8FA" box="[136,256,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Etymology</emphasis>
:—Named after Bart Buyck, for the contribution that he has made to further our understanding of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6EA9851E26FFCF72D5E6B03CF2F81E" box="[136,225,1926,1951]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Russula" kingdom="Fungi" order="Russulales" pageId="1" pageNumber="124" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E26FFCF72D5E6B03CF2F81E" box="[136,225,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="124">Russula</emphasis>
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.
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Diagnosis:—Entirely white basidiocarp, with a small (
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), convex (when young) to broadly convex (at maturity) pileus, with equal gills, white spore print, mild taste; pileipellis with 4.5‒6.5 μm broad primordial hyphae, measuring 64‒155 × 4.5‒6.5 μm near cap margin and 68‒100 × 4‒5.4 μm in the center; basidiospores broadly ellipsoid, 6.2‒7.05‒7.5(‒8.1) × 5.4‒6.1‒6.5(‒7.2) μm, Q = 1.1‒1.15‒1.2 with isolated spines and a distinct amyloid suprahilar plage; cystidia clavate with mucronate to moniliform apex, present on gill sides (37‒45 × 7.2‒9.8 μm) and edges (44‒58 × 7‒12) μm; stipitipellis with cylindrical to subclavate caulocystidia (19.5‒32 μm long).
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<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC72D5E42E3CECFAAC" bold="true" box="[136,255,1304,1325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6EA9851E25FFCC735BE42E3D8CFAAC" authorityName="K. Acharya, S. Paloi &amp; A. K. Dutta" authorityYear="2016" box="[262,415,1304,1325]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Russula" kingdom="Fungi" order="Russulales" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="buyckii">
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC735BE42E3D8CFAAC" box="[262,415,1304,1325]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Russula buyckii</emphasis>
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(CUH AM277). 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC7015E42E3E7EFAAC" bold="true" box="[584,621,1304,1325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">a–b</emphasis>
. Fresh basidiomata in the field; 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC71F1E42E3FC3FAAC" bold="true" box="[940,976,1304,1325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">c–d</emphasis>
. Scanning Electron Micrograph of basidiospore. Scale Bars: 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC72A6E40A3D33FAD0" bold="true" box="[251,288,1340,1361]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">a–b</emphasis>
= 10 mm.
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="3B06D85B1E25FFCC72E0E4B439BFFA1A" box="[189,1452,1408,1435]" collectingDate="2012-06-26" country="India" county="Darjeeling district" elevation="2007" location="Gurdum" municipality="Mile" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="West Bengal" typeStatus="holotype">
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</emphasis>
:— 
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. 
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: 
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, 7 
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, near 
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, elev. 
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, 
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, Prakash
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</paragraph>
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Pradhan (CUH AM277, 
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).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC72E0E4FC3D52FA62" box="[189,321,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Description</emphasis>
:— 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC7338E4FC3DE0FA62" box="[357,499,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Basidiomata</emphasis>
small. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC7014E4FC3E82FA62" bold="true" box="[585,657,1482,1507]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Pileus</emphasis>
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diam., convex when young, becoming broadly convex to planoconvex with depressed center when mature; surface slightly viscid when wet with sulcate margin; entirely white
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1D2061E25FFCC72D5E72439BFF9AA" blockId="2.[136,1452,1408,2083]" box="[136,1452,1554,1579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">(1A1), turns ochraceous during handling, green (26A7, 26B8) to vivid green (26A8) with KOH, no colour change with</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1D2061E25FFCC72D5E70039B8F9F2" blockId="2.[136,1452,1408,2083]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">
FeSO 
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; context upto 
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thick towards center, gradually thinner towards margin, white (1A1), unchanging colour on exposure, orange (6B8), brownish orange (6C8) to reddish orange (7A8) with phenol. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC762BE76C38F7F9F2" bold="true" box="[1142,1252,1626,1651]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Lamellae</emphasis>
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broad,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1D2061E25FFCC72D5E74839B8F916" blockId="2.[136,1452,1408,2083]" box="[136,1451,1662,1687]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">adnexed, regular, white (1A1), unchanging after bruising, orange (6B8), brownish orange (6C8) to reddish orange</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1D2061E25FFCC72D5E79439B8F95E" blockId="2.[136,1452,1408,2083]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">
(7A8) with phenol, light brown (7D7-8) to brown (7E8) with FeSO 
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and Guaicol, edge even, concolourous; lamellulae absent. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC7280E7F03D09F95E" bold="true" box="[221,282,1734,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Stipe</emphasis>
16‒19 × 
<quantity id="4C967FE31E25FFCC73D9E7F03DEBF95E" box="[388,504,1734,1759]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5‒4 mm</quantity>
, central, cylindrical with tapering towards apex, curved towards center, white (1A1);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1D2061E25FFCC72D5E7DC3D01F8EE" blockId="2.[136,1452,1408,2083]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">
<materialsCitation id="3B06D85B1E25FFCC72D5E7DC3FC3F8A6" collectionCode="A, C, B" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" specimenCode="A8, C8, 7, B8" specimenCount="1">
surface semi moist, reddish orange (7 
<specimenCode id="DBC87A7D1E25FFCC707CE7DC3E56F882" box="[545,581,1770,1795]" collectionCode="A" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" type="Herbarium">A8</specimenCode>
) to brownish orange (7 
<specimenCode id="DBC87A7D1E25FFCC711EE7DC3F77F882" box="[835,868,1770,1795]" collectionCode="C" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" type="Herbarium">C8</specimenCode>
) with FeSO 
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, reddish orange (7 
<specimenCode id="DBC87A7D1E25FFCC76E0E7DC38F2F882" box="[1213,1249,1770,1795]" collectionCode="A" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" type="Herbarium">A8</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBC87A7D1E25FFCC76B6E7DC38E9F882" box="[1259,1274,1770,1795]" collectionCode="A" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" type="Herbarium">7</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="DBC87A7D1E25FFCC76A7E7DC3909F882" box="[1274,1306,1770,1795]" collectionCode="B" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" type="Herbarium">B8</specimenCode>
) to brownish orange (7 
<specimenCode id="DBC87A7D1E25FFCC72ABE6383D0BF8A6" box="[246,280,1806,1831]" collectionCode="C" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" type="Herbarium">C8</specimenCode>
) with Guaicol and reddish orange (7 
<specimenCode id="DBC87A7D1E25FFCC7096E6383EFCF8A6" box="[715,751,1806,1831]" collectionCode="A" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" type="Herbarium">A8</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBC87A7D1E25FFCC70A2E6383F1DF8A6" box="[767,782,1806,1831]" collectionCode="A" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" type="Herbarium">7</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="DBC87A7D1E25FFCC7153E6383F3DF8A6" box="[782,814,1806,1831]" collectionCode="B" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" type="Herbarium">B8</specimenCode>
) with Phenol
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B06D85B1E25FFCC7182E6383D1DF8EE" collectionCode="F" longitude="8.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" specimenCode="F8" specimenCount="1">
context hollow, white, unchanging after bruising, violet brown (10 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5AB4C11E25FFCC73E9E6043DECF8CA" box="[436,511,1842,1867]" degrees="8, 10" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" precision="555" value="8.1">E8, 10</geoCoordinate>
<specimenCode id="DBC87A7D1E25FFCC73A2E6043E0DF8CA" box="[511,542,1842,1867]" collectionCode="F" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="2" pageNumber="125" type="Herbarium">F8</specimenCode>
) with sulfovanilin (never bright red). 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC7189E6043800F8CA" bold="true" box="[980,1043,1842,1867]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Taste</emphasis>
mild and 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC76D7E60438D2F8CA" bold="true" box="[1162,1217,1842,1867]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">odor</emphasis>
indistinctive. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC773BE6043CD6F8EE" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Spore print</emphasis>
white
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1D2061E25FFCA72E0E64C3F12FD78" blockId="2.[136,1452,1408,2083]" lastBlockId="4.[136,1452,160,1265]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC72E0E64C3D72F812" bold="true" box="[189,353,1914,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Basidiospores</emphasis>
6.2‒7.05‒7.5(‒8.1) × 5.4‒6.1‒6.5(‒7.2) μm, Q = 1.1‒1.15‒1.2, broadly ellipsoid, ornamentation amyloid, composed of isolated warts; high warts (0.9‒1.3 μm) spinoid with rounded apices, rarely fused with each other (but, no connectives or veins in between); some low conical warts (0.35‒0.4 μm) between high warts; suprahilar plage distinct, 1.4‒1.6 μm long, amyloid. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC703CE6D03EA9F87E" bold="true" box="[609,698,2022,2047]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Basidia</emphasis>
(23‒)26‒36(‒38) × (8‒)9‒11(‒14) μm, clavate to subclavate, thinwalled, oil granules present when viewed with KOH, 4‒spored; sterigmata 4.5‒7 × 2‒3 μm. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E25FFCC76C7E93C395BF7A2" bold="true" box="[1178,1352,2058,2083]" pageId="2" pageNumber="125">Subhymenium</emphasis>
cellular; cells subglobose to ellipsoid. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E23FFCA738AE1963E84FF38" bold="true" box="[471,663,160,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Lamellar trama</emphasis>
mainly composed of large sphaerocytes. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E23FFCA7630E1963955FF38" bold="true" box="[1133,1350,160,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Hymenial cystidia</emphasis>
37‒40(‒ 45) × 5‒7(‒10) μm on gill sides, near the gill edge (44‒)50‒57(‒58) × (7‒)8‒10.5(‒12) μm, clavate with mucronate to moniliform apex, with heteromorphous contents that are restricted to the central or upper part of the cystidium, oil granule often present when viewed with KOH, thin-walled. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E23FFCA7133E03A3FFAFEA4" bold="true" box="[878,1001,268,293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Pilieipellis</emphasis>
orthochromatic in cresyl blue, sharply delimited from underlying sphaerocytes of the context, up to 100‒143 μm deep, vaguely divided in a 35.8‒53.7 μm deep suprapellis of gelatinized tissue of ascending hyphal terminations, 3.5‒5.5 μm wide towards the context. Hyphal extremities of the suprapellis short, with terminal cells measuring near cap margin 3.5‒5.5(‒7) μm broad and in the cap center 4.5‒5.5(‒7) μm broad, cylindrical, obtuse at the tip; subapical cells branched or not, often with lateral branches or nodules. Primordial hyphae comparatively longer than the other extremities and often protruding or repent on the cap surface, occurring mostly singly or with a few clustered together, composed of 4.5‒5.4(‒6.5) μm broad cylindrical cells, in 
<collectingCountry id="F37992961E23FFCA72B2E33E3D29FDA0" box="[239,314,520,545]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Congo</collectingCountry>
red optically active, obtuse and measure (64‒)68‒90(‒155) × 4.5‒5.4(‒6.5) μm near cap margin and (68‒)75‒86(‒100) × 4‒4.6(‒5.4) μm in the center, thin- to slightly thick-walled (&lt;1 μm); incrustation present, negative in sulfovanilin. Cystidioid hyphae in subpellis and trama absent. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E23FFCA71E3E3663856FDE8" bold="true" box="[958,1093,592,617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Stipitipellis</emphasis>
a palisade, suprapellis of repent to erect, semi-gelatinous hyphae and caulocystidia, incrustations absent; hyphal ends 3.5‒4(‒5) μm wide, septate; caulocystidia measuring ca. 19.5‒32 μm long, cylindrical to subclavate, hyaline, thin-walled. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E23FFCA76F8E3AE3921FD30" bold="true" box="[1189,1330,664,689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Stipe trama</emphasis>
composed of connective hyphae and nested sphaerocytes; sphaerocytes measuring ca. (22‒)32‒35(‒37) × (17‒)28‒29.5(‒35) μm diam., hyaline. 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E23FFCA7368E3D63E0AFD78" bold="true" box="[309,537,736,761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Clamp connections</emphasis>
absent in all tissues.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF11828E1E24FFCD72D5E6B3388EF863" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13674699" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13674699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13674699/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" startId="3.[136,229,1925,1946]" targetBox="[189,1379,190,1900]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BD1D2061E24FFCD72D5E6B3388EF863" blockId="3.[136,1452,1925,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E24FFCD72D5E6B33CEDF81B" bold="true" box="[136,254,1925,1946]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Microscopic features of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6EA9851E24FFCD73B2E6B33E95F81B" authorityName="K. Acharya, S. Paloi &amp; A. K. Dutta" authorityYear="2016" box="[495,646,1925,1946]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Russula" kingdom="Fungi" order="Russulales" pageId="3" pageNumber="126" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="buyckii">
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E24FFCD73B2E6B33E95F81B" box="[495,646,1925,1946]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">Russula buyckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(CUH AM277, holotype). 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E24FFCD71D6E6B33F84F81B" bold="true" box="[907,919,1925,1946]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">a</emphasis>
. Basidiospores as seen in Melzer’s reagent; 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E24FFCD771EE6B33943F81B" bold="true" box="[1347,1360,1925,1946]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">b</emphasis>
. Basidia; 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E24FFCD72D5E69F3C80F83F" bold="true" box="[136,147,1961,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">c</emphasis>
. Hymenial cystidia (near gill sides) as observed in Congo Red; 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E24FFCD70A3E69F3F18F83F" bold="true" box="[766,779,1961,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">d</emphasis>
. Primordial hyphae at pileus surface; 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E24FFCD7626E69F3895F83F" bold="true" box="[1147,1158,1961,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">e</emphasis>
. Hyphal terminations near the pileus margin; 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E24FFCD7345E6FB3D33F863" bold="true" box="[280,288,1997,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">f</emphasis>
. Hyphal terminations of the pileus center; Scale Bars: 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E24FFCD7170E6FB3F5EF863" bold="true" box="[813,845,1997,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="126">a‒f</emphasis>
= 5 μm. (Drawing by A.K. Dutta).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD1D2061E23FFCA72E0E2323DFEFCC0" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,1265]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E23FFCA72E0E2323DDFFC9C" box="[189,460,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Habitat and distribution</emphasis>
:—Growing solitary or in a group, under 
<taxonomicName id="4C6EA9851E23FFCA71C9E2323850FC9C" box="[916,1091,772,797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E23FFCA71C9E232380EFC9C" box="[916,1053,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Castanopsis</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(Family- 
<taxonomicName id="4C6EA9851E23FFCA76ECE232390CFC9C" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[1201,1311,772,797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E23FFCA76ECE232390CFC9C" box="[1201,1311,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Fagaceae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) tree among the mosses, 
<collectingRegion id="49AA1CE41E23FFCA734DE21E3DB3FCC0" box="[272,416,808,833]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F37992961E23FFCA73F6E21E3DFBFCC0" box="[427,488,808,833]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1D2061E23FFCA72E0E27A3E49FB70" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,1265]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E23FFCA72E0E27A3DDEFCE4" bold="true" box="[189,461,844,869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Phylogenetic analysis:</emphasis>
—Based on the nrITS sequence data, the phylogenetic relationships of the newly described species was inferred from MCMC analyses. Sequencing products of the newly described species ranged 588 nucleotides. All sequences were aligned and the ends trimmed to create a dataset of 650 nucleotides. Bayesian analyses reached a standard deviation of split frequencies of 0.004 after 
<superScript id="7C1B7F4E1E23FFCA710CE28E3F66FC45" attach="left" box="[849,885,950,977]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">106</superScript>
generations. The initial 25% trees recovered were excluded as the burn-in and the remaining trees obtained were then used to estimate the posterior probabilities of the group. The phylogenetic tree is shown in 
<figureCitation id="1355CE831E23FFCA7036E5363EDDFB98" box="[619,718,1024,1049]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[166,1416,1011,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-456@5.[151,1436,1001,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Consensus phylogram (50% majority rule) obtained from MCMC analysis of one million generations from a Bayesian analysis of the nrDNA ITS sequence alignment. Values to the left of the “/” are MLBS support, and those to the right indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) of that clade. PP values&gt;0.90 and MLBS values ≥70% are shown. MPBS values ≥70% are indicated as colour-coded thickened lines and the scale bar represents the expected changes per site. The new species is highlighted in boldface on the phylogenetic tree. Corresponding subgenus and subsections are indicated to the right of the tree. Categorizations of Russula species within the tree follow the classification of Sarnari (1998)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13674701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13674701/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Figure 3</figureCitation>
. Each of the ML analysis iterations recovered a single tree, the likelihood values of which did not differ significantly. We have selected the topology resulting from the first iteration (-ln 
<emphasis id="B91A0E141E23FFCA72EDE57E3CD3FBE0" box="[176,192,1096,1121]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">L</emphasis>
= 1970.8770). Parsimony analyses produced four most parsimonious trees among which Tree # 1 (length = 284), C.I. = 0.598425, R.I. = 0.794355, composite index = 0.509058 (0.475362), did not differ significantly in topology from those recovered in the Bayesian and ML analyses. Along with accession numbers of newly generated nrITS sequence, as well as those pulled from GenBank database, data obtained from Bayesian (PPs), ML and MP analyses (bootstrap percentage) and are indicated in 
<figureCitation id="1355CE831E23FFCA73A8E5EE3E46FB70" box="[501,597,1240,1265]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[166,1416,1011,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-456@5.[151,1436,1001,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Consensus phylogram (50% majority rule) obtained from MCMC analysis of one million generations from a Bayesian analysis of the nrDNA ITS sequence alignment. Values to the left of the “/” are MLBS support, and those to the right indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) of that clade. PP values&gt;0.90 and MLBS values ≥70% are shown. MPBS values ≥70% are indicated as colour-coded thickened lines and the scale bar represents the expected changes per site. The new species is highlighted in boldface on the phylogenetic tree. Corresponding subgenus and subsections are indicated to the right of the tree. Categorizations of Russula species within the tree follow the classification of Sarnari (1998)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13674701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13674701/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Figure 3</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>