179 lines
23 KiB
XML
179 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="546E8CB6F4703CD95B361FAF7677C30D">An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="1CC43299A25B5B019B2DAE502E2CC80B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C74162146B4604BDDF36EBFE0AFCC9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261468" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212450428" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8261468" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C74162146B4604BDDF36EBFE0AFCC9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C74162146B4604BDDF36EBFE0AFCC9" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF146B4604BDDF36EBFE06FF2A" box="[151,459,151,178]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074146B4604BDDF36EBFE06FF2A" blockId="51.[151,459,151,213]" box="[151,459,151,178]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<heading id="D0994718146B4604BDDF36EBFE06FF2A" bold="true" box="[151,459,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7146B4604BDDF36EBFE06FF2A" authority="(Weise)" baseAuthorityName="Weise" box="[151,459,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrewesi">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BDDF36EBFE06FF2A" bold="true" box="[151,459,151,178]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BDDF36EBFEAAFF29" bold="true" box="[151,359,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Calvia andrewesi</emphasis>
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(Weise)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF146B4604BDDF36C7FEF8FF4E" box="[151,309,187,213]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074146B4604BDDF36C7FEF8FF4E" blockId="51.[151,459,151,213]" box="[151,309,187,213]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604BDD736C7FF3BFF4E" box="[159,246,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,192,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-20@50.[203,1384,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 31. Calvia andrewesi (Weise): a–c. adult variants, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. ventrite 5 and 6, female; f. elytral punctation; g. spermatheca; h–k. male genitalia: h. tegmen, lateral view; i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261600/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 31</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604BC4A36C7FEE0FF4E" box="[258,301,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 197" captionStartId="273.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-15@273.[190,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="273" captionText="FIGURE 197. Calvia andrewesi (Weise), life stages: a, b. larva; c. prepupa; d, e. pupa; f–i. live adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262202/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">197</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF146B4604BDDF377CFC18FEAD" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD1F074146B4604BDDF377CFA84FE83" blockId="51.[151,1353,256,310]" box="[151,1353,256,280]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A146B4604BDDF377CFA84FE83" box="[151,1353,256,280]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665146B4604BDDF377CFDFFFE83" author="Weise, J." box="[151,562,256,280]" page="220" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" year="1908">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7146B4604BDDF377CFDFFFE83" authority="Weise, 1908: 220" authorityName="Weise" authorityPageNumber="220" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,562,256,280]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Anisocalvia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrewesi">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BDDF377CFEB1FE83" box="[151,380,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Anisocalvia andrewesi</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B06FA29146B4604BCCA377CFDFFFE83" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4399052343" box="[386,562,256,280]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85146B4604BCCA377CFDFFFE83" author="Weise, J." box="[386,562,256,280]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="213 - 230" refId="ref124503" refString="Weise, J. (1908) Coleopteren aus Ostindien. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 69, 213 - 230." type="journal article" year="1908">Weise, 1908: 220</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(
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<typeStatus id="54D54ED6146B4604BF77377CFD6BFE83" box="[575,678,256,280]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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female, BMNH; Type locality: Anamalai Hills); Booth 1997: 929.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074146B4604BDDF3762FC18FEAD" blockId="51.[151,1353,256,310]" box="[151,981,286,310]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A146B4604BDDF3762FC18FEAD" box="[151,981,286,310]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665146B4604BDDF3762FD88FEAD" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[151,581,286,310]" page="521" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" year="1932">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7146B4604BDDF3762FD88FEAD" authority=": Korschefsky 1932: 521" authorityName="Korschefsky" authorityPageNumber="521" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,581,286,310]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrewesi">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BDDF3762FE85FEAD" box="[151,328,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Calvia andrewesi</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85146B4604BC1E3762FD88FEAD" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[342,581,286,310]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="ref116133" refString="Korschefsky, R. (1932) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 120. Coccinellidae II. W. Junk, Berlin, 435 pp." type="book" year="1932">Korschefsky 1932: 521</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
; Booth 1997: 929;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665146B4604BE4F3762FC1CFEAD" author="Poorani, J." box="[775,977,286,310]" page="322" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" year="2002">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85146B4604BE4F3762FC1CFEAD" author="Poorani, J." box="[775,977,286,310]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="307 - 383" refId="ref118931" refString="Poorani, J. (2002 a) An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (excluding Epilachninae) of the Indian subregion. Oriental Insects, 36, 307 - 383. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2002.10417335" type="journal article" year="2002">Poorani 2002a: 322</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF146B4604BDDF3718FBD7FD95" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD1F074146B4604BDDF3718FBD7FD95" blockId="51.[151,1437,356,851]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BDDF3718FEDFFEE5" bold="true" box="[151,274,356,382]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Length: 5.50–6.00 mm; width:
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<quantity id="4C965D91146B4604BF243718FCDDFEE4" box="[620,784,356,383]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mm" value="5.35" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="5.2">5.20–5.50 mm</quantity>
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. Form broadly oval to subcircular, dorsum strongly convex, glabrous. Ground colour yellowish (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604BF6637F4FD5FFE38" box="[558,658,392,419]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,192,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-20@50.[203,1384,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 31. Calvia andrewesi (Weise): a–c. adult variants, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. ventrite 5 and 6, female; f. elytral punctation; g. spermatheca; h–k. male genitalia: h. tegmen, lateral view; i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261600/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 31a</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604BFD637F4FD25FE39" box="[670,744,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 197" captionStartId="273.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-15@273.[190,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="273" captionText="FIGURE 197. Calvia andrewesi (Weise), life stages: a, b. larva; c. prepupa; d, e. pupa; f–i. live adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262202/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">197f–i</figureCitation>
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) or reddish brown (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604BE8037F4FBEBFE38" box="[968,1062,392,419]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,192,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-20@50.[203,1384,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 31. Calvia andrewesi (Weise): a–c. adult variants, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. ventrite 5 and 6, female; f. elytral punctation; g. spermatheca; h–k. male genitalia: h. tegmen, lateral view; i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261600/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 31c</figureCitation>
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) or dark brown with paler elytral margins (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604BC4837D0FEACFE5D" box="[256,353,428,454]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,192,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-20@50.[203,1384,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 31. Calvia andrewesi (Weise): a–c. adult variants, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. ventrite 5 and 6, female; f. elytral punctation; g. spermatheca; h–k. male genitalia: h. tegmen, lateral view; i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261600/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 31b</figureCitation>
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), elytra unmarked or yellow with black spots arranged in a 1-2-2-1 pattern (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604B9E437D0FAC1FE5C" box="[1196,1292,428,455]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,192,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-20@50.[203,1384,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 31. Calvia andrewesi (Weise): a–c. adult variants, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. ventrite 5 and 6, female; f. elytral punctation; g. spermatheca; h–k. male genitalia: h. tegmen, lateral view; i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261600/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 31a</figureCitation>
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). Elytra with strong dual punctation (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604BCED37ACFDCEFE71" box="[421,515,464,490]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,192,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-20@50.[203,1384,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 31. Calvia andrewesi (Weise): a–c. adult variants, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. ventrite 5 and 6, female; f. elytral punctation; g. spermatheca; h–k. male genitalia: h. tegmen, lateral view; i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261600/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 31f</figureCitation>
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). Abdominal postcoxal line incomplete (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604BE9837ACFBFFFE71" box="[976,1074,464,490]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,192,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-20@50.[203,1384,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 31. Calvia andrewesi (Weise): a–c. adult variants, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. ventrite 5 and 6, female; f. elytral punctation; g. spermatheca; h–k. male genitalia: h. tegmen, lateral view; i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261600/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 31d</figureCitation>
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), parallel to posterior margin of ventrite 1. Male genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604BC883788FDF1FD95" box="[448,572,500,526]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,192,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-20@50.[203,1384,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 31. Calvia andrewesi (Weise): a–c. adult variants, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. ventrite 5 and 6, female; f. elytral punctation; g. spermatheca; h–k. male genitalia: h. tegmen, lateral view; i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261600/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 31h–k</figureCitation>
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) and spermatheca (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604BE5D3788FCB8FD94" box="[789,885,500,527]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,192,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-20@50.[203,1384,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 31. Calvia andrewesi (Weise): a–c. adult variants, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. ventrite 5 and 6, female; f. elytral punctation; g. spermatheca; h–k. male genitalia: h. tegmen, lateral view; i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261600/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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Fig.
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</figureCitation>
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) as illustrated.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF146B4604BD8F3464FD21FDA8" box="[199,748,536,563]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F074146B4604BD8F3464FD21FDA8" blockId="51.[151,1437,356,851]" box="[199,748,536,563]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BD8F3464FE80FDA8" bold="true" box="[199,333,536,563]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Life stages.</emphasis>
|
||
Life stages as illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1146B4604BFCF3464FD2AFDA8" box="[647,743,536,563]" captionStart="FIGURE 197" captionStartId="273.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-15@273.[190,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="273" captionText="FIGURE 197. Calvia andrewesi (Weise), life stages: a, b. larva; c. prepupa; d, e. pupa; f–i. live adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262202/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 197</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF146B4604BD8F3440FBFFFDCD" box="[199,1074,572,599]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F074146B4604BD8F3440FBFFFDCD" blockId="51.[151,1437,356,851]" box="[199,1074,572,599]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BD8F3440FEACFDCD" bold="true" box="[199,353,572,598]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4146B4604BC2F3440FE68FDCD" box="[359,421,572,598]" name="India" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Endemic to the Western Ghats (Anamalai Hills, Nilgiris).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF146B4604BD8F341DFC4EFD05" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F074146B4604BD8F341DFA46FDE1" blockId="51.[151,1437,356,851]" box="[199,1419,608,635]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BD8F341DFE3CFDE1" bold="true" box="[199,497,608,635]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Prey / associated habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Collected in association with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7146B4604BE0C341CFBA0FDE1" box="[836,1133,608,635]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Greenidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BE0C341CFC74FDE1" box="[836,953,608,634]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Greenidea</emphasis>
|
||
sp. (Aphididae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on jack fruit (label data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F074146B4604BD8F34F8FC4EFD05" blockId="51.[151,1437,356,851]" box="[199,899,644,671]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BD8F34F8FE0CFD04" bold="true" box="[199,449,644,671]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Seasonal occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
Collected in April, January (label data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF146B4604BD8F34D5FE0AFCC9" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F074146B4604BD8F34D5FE0AFCC9" blockId="51.[151,1437,356,851]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BD8F34D5FECBFD58" bold="true" box="[199,262,681,707]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Note.</emphasis>
|
||
It is a variable species, very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7146B4604BFEF34D4FC03FD59" authority="(Mulsant)" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[679,974,680,706]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66146B4604BFEF34D4FC95FD59" box="[679,856,680,706]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Calvia punctata</emphasis>
|
||
(Mulsant)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species found in north and northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4146B4604BDDF34B0FF1CFD7D" box="[151,209,716,742]" name="India" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Himalayas, in terms of size and dual punctation of elytra, but differs from it by the more rounded and strongly convex form.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85146B4604BCDD348CFD0AFC90" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[405,711,752,779]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="37 - 75" refId="ref114003" refString="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. (1979) Genera der Palaarktischen Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Entomologische Blatter fur Biologie und Systematik der Kafer, 75 (1 - 2), 37 - 75." type="journal article" year="1979">Iablokoff-Khnzorian (1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85146B4604BF9A348DFCC6FC90" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[722,779,753,779]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="ref114042" refString="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. (1982) Les Coccinelles Coleopteres-Coccinellidae. Tribu Coccinellini des regions Palearctique et Orientale. Boubee, Paris, 568 pp. [in French]" type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) considered it as a synonym of the latter, but Booth (1997) confirmed it as a valid species based on the more strongly rounded and convex form and the distinct male genitalia and designated a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D54ED6146B4604BC113544FE0EFCC9" box="[345,451,824,850]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |