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<document id="4AD911BF47702C6F5C05F11E9C8DDECE" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3692.1.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ddffc7b3-2654-49ec-b046-f32bc78af2d6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="249019" ID-ZooBank="136660B8-7DCC-490E-AB79-46546CC18E40" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460652068901" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Göcke, Christian &amp; Janussen, Dorte" docDate="2013" docId="03EF87D0CD04883B80BEFC14FDF4FABE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03692p101.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3692 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera Ridley &amp; Dendy 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="85" masterDocId="FFD6FFA8CD3388028029FF93FFE4FFE9" masterDocTitle="Demospongiae of ANT XXIV / 2 (SYSTCO I) Expedition — Antarctic Eastern Weddell Sea" masterLastPageNumber="101" masterPageNumber="28" pageNumber="83" updateTime="1698343927236" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="0FF6030E12E8FB6998F9964B380FD5E5">Demospongiae of ANT XXIV / 2 (SYSTCO I) Expedition — Antarctic Eastern Weddell Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3E0449F47CB748655B9C40031043890C">Göcke, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="68FC1784673C8E721908DC1DEF985708">Janussen, Dorte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:number id="CE7A9BB725075B80096C27C8BBCB8462">3692</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03EF87D0CD04883B80BEFC14FDF4FABE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6145355" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119573231" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6145355" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF87D0CD04883B80BEFC14FDF4FABE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EF87D0CD04883B80BEFC14FDF4FABE" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
<subSubSection id="C35C654DCD04883580BEFC14FC5CFB8D" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580BEFC14FCDDFC48" blockId="55.[151,825,903,962]" box="[151,825,903,929]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
<heading id="D0B181AACD04883580BEFC14FCDDFC48" bold="true" box="[151,825,903,929]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD04883580BEFC14FCDDFC48" ID-CoL="3JC7N" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,825,903,929]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera" subGenus="Gellius">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD04883580BEFC14FCDDFC48" bold="true" box="[151,825,903,929]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD04883580BEFC14FDE9FC48" bold="true" box="[151,525,903,929]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera</emphasis>
(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580BEFC39FEBFFC2B" blockId="55.[151,825,903,962]" box="[151,347,938,962]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
(
<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD04883580B6FC39FF16FC2B" box="[159,242,938,962]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 20. Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886), SMF 11838. A, habit in ethanol. B, skeletal section. A, oxea I. B, oxea II. C – D, flagelliform sigmas. Scale bars: A: 20 mm, B: 1 mm, C D: 100 µm, E – F: 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249039/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6C4037DCD04883580D4FC39FEB6FC2B" box="[253,338,938,962]" captionStart="TABLE 16" captionStartId="57.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1417,411,682]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="TABLE 16. Spicule sizes of Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886). Values in µm are given as follows: minimum – mean – maximum (number of spicules measured). For comparison, values from Ridley &amp; Dendy (1887), Dendy (1924), Koltun (1964) and Boury – Esnault &amp; van Beveren (1982) are given. *) Koltun (1964) does not differentiate between the different Sigma – types." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF39664ECD0A883B80BEFF04FD7CFEE6" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" tableUuid="DF39664ECD0A883B80BEFF04FD7CFEE6">Tab. 16</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580BEFC61FB2EFBE1" blockId="55.[151,1226,1010,1032]" box="[151,1226,1010,1032]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD04883580BEFC61FD37FBE1" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,723,1010,1032]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera" subGenus="Gellius">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD04883580BEFC61FE37FBE1" box="[151,467,1010,1032]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera</emphasis>
(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
: Samaai &amp; Gibbons 2005: 84–85, fig. 60, tab. 14.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580BEFBA3FEE8FBAC" blockId="55.[151,1437,1072,1278]" box="[151,268,1072,1093]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Synonymy:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580BEFBDCFC5CFB8D" blockId="55.[151,1437,1072,1278]" box="[151,952,1102,1125]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD04883580BEFBDCFDB1FB8C" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1887" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1887" box="[151,597,1102,1125]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Adocia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD04883580BEFBDCFEB2FB8C" box="[151,342,1103,1125]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Adocia flagellifera</emphasis>
(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1887)
</taxonomicName>
: Burton 1938:7. Koltun 1964: 104.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C654DCD04883580BEFBFEFE91FB14" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580BEFBFEFCAFFB48" blockId="55.[151,1437,1072,1278]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD04883580BEFBFEFD36FB6A" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886: 333" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityPageNumber="333" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,722,1133,1155]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Gellius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifer">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD04883580BEFBFEFEAEFB6A" box="[151,330,1133,1155]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Gellius flagellifer</emphasis>
Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886: 333, 1887: 42
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 13, figs. 5, 10. Dendy 1922: 26, 1924: 320. Koltun 1959: 212, fig. 170. Boury-Esnault &amp; van Beveren 1982: 111–113, figs. 34a–c.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580BEFB39FCCDFB29" blockId="55.[151,1437,1072,1278]" box="[151,809,1194,1216]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD04883580BEFB39FD82FB29" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,614,1194,1216]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifer">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD04883580BEFB39FE82FB29" box="[151,358,1194,1216]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Haliclona flagellifer</emphasis>
(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
: Burton 1959: 218.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580BEFB5AFE91FB14" blockId="55.[151,1437,1072,1278]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD04883580BEFB5AFD6EFB36" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,650,1225,1247]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Sigmadocia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD04883580BEFB5AFE63FB36" box="[151,391,1225,1247]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Sigmadocia flagellifera</emphasis>
(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
: de Laubenfels 1936: 69. Bergquist &amp; Warne 1980: 22–23, pl. 8, b. Pulitzer- Finali 1993: 327.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C654DCD04883580BEFAB9FD8BFA47" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580BEFAB9FD8BFA47" blockId="55.[151,1436,1322,1995]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD04883580BEFAB9FEE2FAAA" bold="true" box="[151,262,1322,1347]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Material.</emphasis>
1 fragmentary specimen from station 048-1 (SMF 11838),
<quantity id="4CBE9B23CD04883583F6FAB9FBA0FAAB" box="[991,1092,1322,1346]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.021" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" unit="m" value="602.1">602.1 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE725001CD048835847EFAB9FB0BFAAB" box="[1111,1263,1322,1346]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" precision="9" value="-70.399">70° 23.94' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE725001CD048835852AFAB9FA7CFAAB" box="[1283,1432,1322,1346]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" precision="9" value="-8.319">8° 19.14' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFF81006CD04883580BEFADDFEFCFA8F" box="[151,280,1358,1382]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" value="2008-12-01">12.01.2008</date>
.
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD048835810EFADDFD27FA8F" box="[295,707,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Material examined for comparison:</emphasis>
BMNH 1887.5.2.252,
<typeStatus id="54FD8864CD04883583FAFADDFBDCFA8F" box="[979,1080,1358,1382]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Challenger colln., off Marion Island, 50–75 ftms., wet specimen; BMNH 1946.11.25.30 “Siboga” Expedition,
<collectingCountry id="F3517656CD0488358411FAE1FAECFA63" box="[1080,1288,1394,1418]" name="Indonesia" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Dutch East Indies</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FFF81006CD048835853EFAE1FA73FA63" box="[1303,1431,1394,1418]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" value="1899" valueMax="1900">1899–1900</date>
, from Amsterdam Museum, wet specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C654DCD04883B80EEFA29FF07FE61" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580EEFA29FE77F98B" blockId="55.[151,1436,1322,1995]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD04883580EEFA29FEBDFA3A" bold="true" box="[199,345,1466,1491]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Description.</emphasis>
Specimen of station 048-1 (
<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD048835828AFA29FD12FA3B" box="[675,758,1466,1490]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 20. Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886), SMF 11838. A, habit in ethanol. B, skeletal section. A, oxea I. B, oxea II. C – D, flagelliform sigmas. Scale bars: A: 20 mm, B: 1 mm, C D: 100 µm, E – F: 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249039/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
A) fragmentary; shape of living sponge unknown. Largest fragment a blade-like structure, about
<quantity id="4CBE9B23CD0488358269FA4CFD93FA1F" box="[576,631,1503,1526]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
in diameter and about
<quantity id="4CBE9B23CD048835835FFA4DFC49FA1F" box="[886,941,1502,1526]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
thick, bulbous, both surfaces similar. Tissue very porous with large canals. A distinct thin epidermis with smaller pores covering the sponge; choanosome with large pores distinctly visible through dermal membrane. Color in ethanol brownish beige. Consistency quite tough, a bit brittle, inflexible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580EEF9FDFB64F91B" blockId="55.[151,1436,1322,1995]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
Skeleton: Skeleton (
<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD0488358180F9FDFE1EF96F" box="[425,506,1646,1670]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 20. Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886), SMF 11838. A, habit in ethanol. B, skeletal section. A, oxea I. B, oxea II. C – D, flagelliform sigmas. Scale bars: A: 20 mm, B: 1 mm, C D: 100 µm, E – F: 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249039/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
B) poorly organized, with a tendency to become anisotropic with primary tracts of about four oxeas, intercrossing poorly developed secondary tracts mostly made up of single oxeas only. Near the pores/cavities within the tissue, skeleton organized in an alveolate manner. Microscleres free within the choanosome. Epidermis very thin, a detachable monolayer of densely organized spicules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD04883580EEF96DFD38F822" blockId="55.[151,1436,1322,1995]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">
Spiculation (
<tableCitation id="C6C4037DCD048835817CF96DFE4BF8FF" box="[341,431,1790,1814]" captionStart="TABLE 16" captionStartId="57.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1417,411,682]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="TABLE 16. Spicule sizes of Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886). Values in µm are given as follows: minimum – mean – maximum (number of spicules measured). For comparison, values from Ridley &amp; Dendy (1887), Dendy (1924), Koltun (1964) and Boury – Esnault &amp; van Beveren (1982) are given. *) Koltun (1964) does not differentiate between the different Sigma – types." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF39664ECD0A883B80BEFF04FD7CFEE6" pageId="55" pageNumber="83" tableUuid="DF39664ECD0A883B80BEFF04FD7CFEE6">Tab. 16</tableCitation>
): Main spicules almost straight oxeas (
<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD048835834AF96DFC50F8FF" box="[867,948,1790,1814]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 20. Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886), SMF 11838. A, habit in ethanol. B, skeletal section. A, oxea I. B, oxea II. C – D, flagelliform sigmas. Scale bars: A: 20 mm, B: 1 mm, C D: 100 µm, E – F: 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249039/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
C) with a mean length about 640 µm and a mean width about 26 µm. Ends of oxeas quite regularly blunt, almost resembling strongyles or styles. Additionally, very thin oxeas occur (
<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD048835818FF8D5FE1EF8B7" box="[422,506,1862,1886]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 20. Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886), SMF 11838. A, habit in ethanol. B, skeletal section. A, oxea I. B, oxea II. C – D, flagelliform sigmas. Scale bars: A: 20 mm, B: 1 mm, C D: 100 µm, E – F: 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249039/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
D), about 1 µm in width and length similar to common oxeas, likely juvenile, recently formed oxeas. Two
<typeStatus id="54FD8864CD04883581FFF8F8FDF5F86A" box="[470,529,1899,1923]" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">types</typeStatus>
of sigmas occur, larger one (
<figureCitation id="137D2A43CD048835837EF8F9FC4CF86B" box="[855,936,1898,1922]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[174,1421,181,1945]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 20. Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886), SMF 11838. A, habit in ethanol. B, skeletal section. A, oxea I. B, oxea II. C – D, flagelliform sigmas. Scale bars: A: 20 mm, B: 1 mm, C D: 100 µm, E – F: 30 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249039/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="83">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
E–F) very typical for the species, aberrantly bent around itself, forming almost a spiral, in average about 105 µm in length and width. Other sigmas common cshaped sigmas with length 25 µm and width 12 µm.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF39664ECD0B883A80BEF828FB26F819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249039/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="84" targetBox="[174,1421,181,1945]" targetPageId="56">
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD0B883A80BEF828FB26F819" blockId="56.[151,1436,1979,2032]" pageId="56" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0B883A80BEF828FEC4F838" bold="true" box="[151,288,1979,2002]" pageId="56" pageNumber="84">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0B883A810FF82FFC87F838" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[294,867,1979,2002]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="56" pageNumber="84" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera" subGenus="Gellius">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0B883A810FF82FFD87F83B" box="[294,611,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="84">Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera</emphasis>
(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
, SMF 11838. A, habit in ethanol. B, skeletal section. A, oxea I. B, oxea II. C–D, flagelliform sigmas. Scale bars: A: 20 mm, B: 1 mm, C D: 100 µm, E–F: 30 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF39664ECD0A883B80BEFF04FD7CFEE6" ID-Table-UUID="DF39664ECD0A883B80BEFF04FD7CFEE6" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF39664ECD0A883B80BEFF04FD7CFEE6" pageId="57" pageNumber="85" targetBox="[159,1417,411,682]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="57">
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD0A883B80BEFF04FD7CFEE6" blockId="57.[151,1437,151,271]" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0A883B80BEFF04FEF3FF46" bold="true" box="[151,279,151,175]" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">TABLE 16.</emphasis>
Spicule sizes of
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0A883B81E3FF0BFBC7FF46" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[458,1059,152,175]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="57" pageNumber="85" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera" subGenus="Gellius">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0A883B81E3FF0BFCF3FF46" box="[458,791,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera</emphasis>
(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
. Values in µm are given as follows: minimum–mean–maximum (number of spicules measured). For comparison, values from Ridley &amp; Dendy (1887), Dendy (1924), Koltun (1964) and Boury–Esnault &amp; van Beveren (1982) are given. *) Koltun (1964) does not differentiate between the different Sigma–types.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD0A883B80B6FEB8FA6DFEA9" blockId="57.[159,1417,298,392]" box="[159,1417,298,321]" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">parameter SMF 11838 Ridley &amp; Dendy (1887) Dendy (1924) Koltun (1964) Boury–Esnault &amp; van</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD0A883B8485FED9FAAFFE89" blockId="57.[159,1417,298,392]" box="[1196,1355,330,352]" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">Beveren (1982)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD0A883B80B6FEE0FF07FE61" blockId="57.[159,1417,298,392]" box="[159,227,371,392]" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">Oxea I</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD0A883B809CFE08FAA0FD40" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">
<table id="F946C466CD0A77FD80B6FE08FA6DFD43" box="[159,1417,411,682]" gridcols="5" gridrows="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">
<tr id="35763484CD0A77FD80B6FE08FA6DFE5B" box="[159,1417,411,434]" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD80B6FE08FEEAFE5B" box="[159,270,411,434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">length</th>
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD817FFE08FD9EFE5B" box="[342,634,411,434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">570–643.2–715 (30) 420</th>
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD837EFE08FC99FE5B" box="[855,893,411,434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">210</th>
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD83DEFE08FBBBFE5B" box="[1015,1119,411,434]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">417–533</th>
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD8485FE08FA6DFE5B" box="[1196,1417,411,434]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">473.6–539.4–599.8</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35763484CD0A77FD80B6FE56FA6DFE32" box="[159,1417,453,475]" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD80B6FE56FEEAFE32" box="[159,270,453,475]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">diameter</th>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD817FFE56FD9EFE32" box="[342,634,453,475]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">22.5–26.2–28.8 (30) 18</td>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD837EFE56FC99FE32" box="[855,893,453,475]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">8</td>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD83DEFE56FBBBFE32" box="[1015,1119,453,475]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">12–21</td>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD8485FE56FA6DFE32" box="[1196,1417,453,475]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">12.8–14–24.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35763484CD0A77FD80B6FE7CFA6DFDED" box="[159,1417,495,516]" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="85" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD80B6FE7CFEEAFDED" box="[159,270,495,516]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">Oxea II</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35763484CD0A77FD80B6FD8BFA6DFDC7" box="[159,1417,536,558]" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="85" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD80B6FD8BFEEAFDC7" box="[159,270,536,558]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">length</th>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD817FFD8BFD9EFDC7" box="[342,634,536,558]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">420–535–620 (30)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35763484CD0A77FD80B6FDD2FA6DFD69" box="[159,1417,577,640]" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="85" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD80B6FDD2FEEAFD69" box="[159,270,577,640]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">diameter Sigma I</th>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD817FFDD2FD9EFD69" box="[342,634,577,640]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">1 (30)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35763484CD0A77FD80B6FD00FA6DFD43" box="[159,1417,659,682]" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD80B6FD00FEEAFD43" box="[159,270,659,682]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">length</th>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD817FFD00FD9EFD43" box="[342,634,659,682]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">80–106.3–140 (30) 60</td>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD837EFD00FC99FD43" box="[855,893,659,682]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">64</td>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD83DEFD00FBBBFD43" box="[1015,1119,659,682]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">20–120 *)</td>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD8485FD00FA6DFD43" box="[1196,1417,659,682]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">87.6–98.9–128</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD0A883B809CFD2DFE16FCB9" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">
<table id="F946C466CD0A77FD80B6FD2EFAB3FCB9" box="[159,1367,701,848]" gridcols="3" gridrows="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">
<tr id="35763484CD0A77FD80B6FD2EFAB3FD3A" box="[159,1367,701,723]" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="85" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD80B6FD2EFD89FD3A" box="[159,621,701,723]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">max. width 60–108.5–155 (30)</th>
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD8485FD2EFAB3FD3A" box="[1196,1367,701,723]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">44.8–55.5–67.2</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35763484CD0A77FD80B6FD75FAB3FD15" box="[159,1367,742,764]" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="85" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD80B6FD75FD89FD15" box="[159,621,742,764]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">Sigma II</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35763484CD0A77FD80B6FC83FAB3FCCF" box="[159,1367,784,806]" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD80B6FC83FD89FCCF" box="[159,621,784,806]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">length 17–24.5–31 (30) 44</th>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD837EFC83FC95FCCF" box="[855,881,784,806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">28</td>
<td id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD8485FC83FAB3FCCF" box="[1196,1367,784,806]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">39.6–82.5–131.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35763484CD0A77FD80B6FCAAFAB3FCB9" box="[159,1367,825,848]" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="85" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76A75DF8CD0A77FD80B6FCAAFD89FCB9" box="[159,621,825,848]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">max. width 9–11.7–16 (30)</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C35C654DCD0A883B80EEFC03FDF4FABE" pageId="57" pageNumber="85" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF936C6CD0A883B80EEFC03FDF4FABE" blockId="57.[151,1436,911,1368]" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0A883B80EEFC03FEDFFC41" bold="true" box="[199,315,912,936]" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">Remarks.</emphasis>
The species shows a quite remarkable variation in spicule size, as it is shown in
<tableCitation id="C6C4037DCD0A883B84D3FC1CFAB0FC4E" box="[1274,1364,911,935]" captionStart="TABLE 16" captionStartId="57.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1417,411,682]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="TABLE 16. Spicule sizes of Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886). Values in µm are given as follows: minimum – mean – maximum (number of spicules measured). For comparison, values from Ridley &amp; Dendy (1887), Dendy (1924), Koltun (1964) and Boury – Esnault &amp; van Beveren (1982) are given. *) Koltun (1964) does not differentiate between the different Sigma – types." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF39664ECD0A883B80BEFF04FD7CFEE6" pageId="57" pageNumber="85" tableUuid="DF39664ECD0A883B80BEFF04FD7CFEE6">Tab. 16</tableCitation>
. Most specimens reported have oxeas about 400 to 500 µm and flagelliform sigmas about 60 to 100 µm. Dendy (1924) reported a specimen with extraordinary short small spicules, e.g. oxeas about 210 µm. We have here examined a specimen with unusually large spicules, which generally reach significantly higher values than previously known, although highest values recorded by Boury-Esnault and van Beveren (1982) tend to similar dimensions. The relatively distinct differentiation in size categories between specimens led Bergquist and Warne (1980) to the assumption, that the species
<emphasis id="B932EAD4CD0A883B81F2FBFAFD49FB69" box="[475,685,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="85">
H. (G.)
<taxonomicName id="4C464D45CD0A883B8218FBFBFD49FB69" box="[561,685,1128,1152]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="57" pageNumber="85" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera">flagellifera</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
in fact includes several species, which are commonly regarded as the same, because they all possess the very characteristic flagelliform sigmas. If that speculation would prove true, our new specimen with its large spicules may be regarded as a new species/variation within this complex. This could only be resolved by analysing much more material. It has to be mentioned here, that representatives of other species from the station 048-1 also show remarkably large spicules, especially the hexactinellids (Göcke &amp; Janussen, this volume). This might be attributable to environmental factors, such as high Si-concentration, which were not measured at that station.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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