571 lines
43 KiB
XML
571 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13490" ID-PMC="PMC5624180" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-83-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFA5FFACFF9FFFDFEE6A9A59FF8DC805" ID-PubMed="29033648" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138093" ModsDocID="1314-2003-83-1" checkinTime="1502745010505" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pellegrini, Marco O. O. & Faden, Robert B." docDate="2017" docId="C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 83: 1-41" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 83" docPubDate="2017-07-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13490" docTitle="Siderasis fuscata (Lodd.) H. E. Moore, Baileya 4: 28. 1956." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFA5FFACFF9FFFDFEE6A9A59FF8DC805" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFA5FFACFF9FFFDFEE6A9A59FF8DC805" masterDocTitle="Recircumscription and taxonomic revision of Siderasis, with comments on the systematics of subtribe Dichorisandrinae (Commelinaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1668142017948" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Recircumscription and taxonomic revision of Siderasis, with comments on the systematics of subtribe Dichorisandrinae (Commelinaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pellegrini, Marco O. O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Botanica, Rua do Matao 277, CEP 05508 - 900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil & Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leao 915, CEP 22460 - 030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil & Smithsonian Institution, NMNH, Department of Botany, MRC 166, P. O. Box 37012, Washington D. C. 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Faden, Robert B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Smithsonian Institution, NMNH, Department of Botany, MRC 166, P. O. Box 37012, Washington D. C. 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2017-07-13</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>83</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>41</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13490</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13490</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-83-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFA5FFACFF9FFFDFEE6A9A59FF8DC805</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1138093</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225919" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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3.
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<taxonomicName LSID="C97E4AD3-AF36-5769-9967-D19F86529392" authority="(Lodd.) H. E. Moore, Baileya 4: 28. 1956." authorityName="(Lodd.) H. E. Moore, Baileya 4: 28. 1956." class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Siderasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Siderasis fuscata" order="Commelinales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fuscata">Siderasis fuscata (Lodd.) H.E.Moore, Baileya 4: 28. 1956.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Floral morphology of subtribe Dichorisandrinae s. l. A-C Siderasis Raf. emend M. Pell. & Faden: A S. fuscata (Lodd.) H. E. Moore B S. albofasciata M. Pell. C S. zorzanellii M. Pell. & Faden. D-L Dichorisandra J. C. Mikan: D D. acaulis Cogn. E D. hexandra (Aubl.) C. B. Clarke F D. thyrsiflora J. C. Mikan G D. paranaensis D. Maia et al. H D. nana Aona & M. C. E. Amaral I D. incurva Mart. J D. penduliflora Kunth K D. sagittata Aona & M. C. E. Amaral L D. radicalis Nees & Mart. M Cochliostema odoratissimum Lem. N Geogenanthus rhizanthus (Ule) G. Brueckn. O Plowmanianthus panamensis Faden & C. R. Hardy. Photographs A-B, D-G, J by M. O. O. Pellegrini, C by J. P. F. Zorzanelli, H by V. Bittrich, I by G. H. Shimizu, K by J. L. Costa-Lima, L by M. A. N. Coelho, M by R. Moran, N by D. Scherberich, and O by C. R. Hardy." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13490.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/144842" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution map of Siderasis Raf. emend. M. Pell. & Faden. Blue circles - S. albofasciata; Blue triangles - S. almeidae; Red circles - S. fuscata; Red triangles - S. medusoides; Blue square - S. spectabilis; Red Square - S. zorzanellii; BA - state of Bahia; ES - estate of Espirito Santo; RJ - estate of Rio de Janeiro." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13490.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/144845" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Siderasis fuscata (Lodd.) H. E. Moore. A habit, showing a mature rosette and green leaves B detail of leaf with a silvery blotch along the midvein C detail of the canaliculate petiole, showing the rusty hairs D detail of the bright-red hirsute indumentum E upper view of a fertile rosette, showing many lilac flowers open at the same time F front view of a pale-lilac flower, showing the lacerated petals and completely white androecium and gynoecium G detail of the androecium and the gynoecium H detail of a mature capsule, showing the atro-vinaceous longitudinal stripes I detail of an open capsule, showing the biseriate to partially uniseriate, inconspicuously arillate seeds, with grey foveolate testa. Photographs by M. O. O. Pellegrini." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13490.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/144854" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">, 8</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Backer" authorityYear="1924" baseAuthorityName="G. Lodd." class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Pyrrheima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pyrrheima fuscatum" order="Commelinales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fuscatum">Pyrrheima fuscatum</taxonomicName>
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(Lodd.) Backer, Handb. Fl. Java 3: 37. 1924.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="C. B. Clarke" authorityYear="1881" baseAuthorityName="Hassk." class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Pyrrheima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pyrrheima loddigesii subsp. var. var. minus" order="Commelinales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="loddigesii" subSpecies="var." variety="minus">Pyrrheima loddigesii var. minus</taxonomicName>
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(Hassk.) C.B.Clarke in Candolle & Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 3: 272. 1881.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hassk" authorityYear="1869" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Pyrrheima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pyrrheima loddigesii" order="Commelinales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="loddigesii">Pyrrheima loddigesii</taxonomicName>
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Hassk., Flora 52: 367. 1869, nom. illeg.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hassk" authorityYear="1869" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Pyrrheima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pyrrheima minus" order="Commelinales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minus">Pyrrheima minus</taxonomicName>
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Hassk., Flora 52: 368. 1869. Holotype. BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, Corcovado, fl., s.dat., C. Gaudichaud 137 (P barcode P01799823!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia hirsutissima" order="Commelinales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutissima">Tradescantia hirsutissima</taxonomicName>
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Pohl
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ex</emphasis>
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Seub.,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">in</emphasis>
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Martius, Fl. bras. 3(1): 254. 1855, pro. syn.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Raf" authorityYear="1837" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Siderasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Siderasis acaulis" order="Commelinales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">Siderasis acaulis</taxonomicName>
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Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 67. 1837, nom. illeg.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="G. Lodd" authorityYear="1820" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia fuscata" order="Commelinales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fuscata">Tradescantia fuscata</taxonomicName>
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Lodd., Bot. Cab. 4: t. 374. 1820. Lectotype (designated by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01267" author="Pellegrini, MOO" journalOrPublisher="Nordic Journal of Botany" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="29 - 37" refId="B32" refString="Pellegrini, MOO, 2017. Siderasis albofasciata sp. nov. (Commelinaceae), endemic to the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, and the typification of S. fuscata. Nordic Journal of Botany 35 (1): 29 - 37, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01267" title="Siderasis albofasciata sp. nov. (Commelinaceae), endemic to the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, and the typification of S. fuscata." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01267" volume="35" year="2017">Pellegrini 2017</bibRefCitation>
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). [illustration] Original parchment plate of "The Botanical Cabinet" at the British Museum Library and later published in Loddiges, Bot. Cab. 4: t. 374. 1820. Epitype (designated by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01267" author="Pellegrini, MOO" journalOrPublisher="Nordic Journal of Botany" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="29 - 37" refId="B32" refString="Pellegrini, MOO, 2017. Siderasis albofasciata sp. nov. (Commelinaceae), endemic to the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, and the typification of S. fuscata. Nordic Journal of Botany 35 (1): 29 - 37, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01267" title="Siderasis albofasciata sp. nov. (Commelinaceae), endemic to the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, and the typification of S. fuscata." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01267" volume="35" year="2017">Pellegrini 2017</bibRefCitation>
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). BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, Floresta da Tijuca, FEEMA, Parque Nacional da Tijuca, fl., fr., 7 Nov 2012, M.O.O. Pellegrini 217 (RB barcode RB01093071!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Herbs</emphasis>
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ca. 20-30 cm tall, terrestrial.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Roots</emphasis>
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thin, fibrous, terminal tubers present.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Rhizomes</emphasis>
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buried deep in the ground.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Subterraneous stems</emphasis>
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with internodes elongate, brownish vinaceous to vinaceous with white spots, hirsute, hairs reddish brown.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Aerial stems</emphasis>
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short to inconspicuous, unbranched; internodes weakly to moderately elongate, vinaceous with white spots, hirsute, hairs reddish brown; flagelliform-shoots (ramets) absent.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Leaves</emphasis>
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spirally-alternate, forming a rosette at the apex of the aerial stems, petiolate; sheaths 1-1.5 cm long, hirsute, hairs dark red; petiole 2.7-9.6(-11.4) cm long, terete, canaliculate, C-shaped in cross section, succulent, green to dark green with dense vinaceous spots, spots sometimes covering almost all the petiole, hirsute, hairs red to dark red; blade (4.8-5.6-)7.8-21.1(-23.6)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(2-)3-9.6 cm, succulent, elliptic to obovate to broadly obovate, rarely lanceolate, base cuneate, margins green, flat, densely hirsute, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, slightly curved downwards, adaxially dark green, with a silver to light green, blotched silver to metallic light green along the midvein or not, abaxially light green, with dense vinaceous spots or not; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, abaxially prominent, obtuse, secondary veins 3-6 pairs, adaxially conspicuous, impressed, abaxially inconspicuous, becoming more evident on both sides when dry.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synflorescence</emphasis>
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composed of a solitary main florescence, or with (1-)2-6(-7) coflorescences.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Main florescence (inflorescence)</emphasis>
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reduced to a solitary pedunculate cincinnus; basal bract 1.5-2.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.3-1 cm, triangular, cymbiform, dorsally keeled, light pink, hirsute, hairs rusty to dark red, hyaline at the base and margins, apex acuminate; inflorescence main axis inconspicuous; cincinni bract 0.8-2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.2-0.9 cm, triangular, slightly cymbiform, amplexicaulous, pink to vinaceous, hirsute along the midvein, hairs red, base hyaline, margins light brown to golden, glabrous, hyaline, apex acuminate; cincinni 1-3(-4)-flowered, peduncle 1.3-7.4 cm long, light brown, hirsute, hairs red, reflexed in fruit, more rarely also spirally-coiled in fruit; bracteoles absent.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Flowers</emphasis>
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bisexual, actinomorphic, 2-2.8 cm diameter, pedicellate; pedicel 1-5.6 mm long, light brown, hirsute, hairs red, reflexed and elongate in fruit; floral buds 0.8-1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.4-0.6 cm, ovoid, light brown to light pink, apex acuminate; sepals 0.8-1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.3-0.8 cm, ovate to triangular, membranous, externally light brown, hirsute, hairs red, internally pink to vinaceous, glabrous, margin hyaline, apex acuminate; petals 1.2-1.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.2-1.5 cm, rhomboid to broadly obtrullate, rarely orbicular, pale lilac to lilac, proximal third gradually white, base cuneate, margin en
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">tire</pageBreakToken>
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, sometimes irregularly lacerated, glabrous, apex obtuse to rounded, sometimes irregularly lacerated; stamens equal, filaments 3.5-6.3 mm long, straight, white, anthers 1.5-2.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3-4.2 mm, anther sacs white, connectives quadrangular, white; ovary glo
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">bose</pageBreakToken>
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, 2.9-3.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.3-3.2 mm, white, densely hirsute, hairs white at base, gradually becoming rusty, then dark red terminally, style 3.1-4.4 mm long, straight, white; stigma annular-truncate, white, papillate.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Capsules</emphasis>
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ellipsoid to fusiform in outline, 1.1-1.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.5-0.8 cm, smooth, light greenish brown with minute purple spots near the base and 3 longitudinal atro-vinaceous stripes along the septa, when mature light brown with 3 longitudinal black stripes along the septa, hirsute, hairs red.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Seeds</emphasis>
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obconic to ellipsoid, dorsoventrally compressed, ventrally slightly ridged, 2.9-4.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.9-3.6 mm, grey to light grey, testa foveolate, ventral face slightly cleft on the side towards the embryotega; hilum longer than
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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the length of the seed; embryotega semilateral; aril hyaline, inconspicuous.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1837-07" collectingDateMax="2013-11-15" collectingDateMin="1837-07" collectorName="Itaipu, P. E, V. F. Ferreira, de Niteroi, A. A. M. Barros, M. Pontes, Mr. Boag, A. Saint-Hilaire, C. Gaudichaud, G. Gardner, da Onca, A. M. Glaziou, J. Miers, P. Schwacke, A. Ducke, da Cheetos, J. S. Kuhlmann, A. P. Duarte, C. T. Rizzini, P. Occhioni, D. S. Araujo, M. O. O. Pellegrini, L. S. B. Calazans, R. T. Valadares, C. Angeli, Setor das Paineiras, J. P. P. Carauta, E. Lagasa, da Gavea, D. Sucre, F. Pinheiro, P. J. J. Braga, da Lagoinha, L. B. Smith" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" location="Alto Mourao" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<collectingCountry name="Brazil">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Niterói">
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<collectingCounty>Niteroi</collectingCounty>
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</normalizedToken>
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,
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<collectorName>Itaipu, P.E</collectorName>
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.
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<collectingMunicipality>Serra da Tiririca</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:8A5BDD3FC066C8643BDA0E99D321CEFB" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Alto Mourao" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
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Alto
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mourão">Mourao</normalizedToken>
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</location>
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, fl.,
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<collectingDate value="1982-01-15">15 Jan 1982</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>V.F. Ferreira</collectorName>
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et al. 2104 (RB); divisa entre os
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<normalizedToken originalValue="municípios">municipios</normalizedToken>
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<collectorName>
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de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Niterói">Niteroi</normalizedToken>
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</collectorName>
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e
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Maricá">Marica</normalizedToken>
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, entre Itacoatiara e
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Itaipuaçu">Itaipuacu</normalizedToken>
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, Alto
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mourão">Mourao</normalizedToken>
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, fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-09-11">11 Sep 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>A.A.M. Barros</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>M. Pontes</collectorName>
|
||
3127 (RFFP). Rio de Janeiro, s.loc., fl., s.dat.,
|
||
<collectorName>Mr. Boag</collectorName>
|
||
s.n. (K barcode K001190685); s.loc., fl., s.dat., Mrs. Graham s.n. (K barcode K001190684); s.loc., fl., 1816-1821,
|
||
<collectorName>A. Saint-Hilaire</collectorName>
|
||
A/683 (P); s.loc., fl., fr., 1832, Riedel s.n. (P barcodes P01730357, P01730358); Corcovado, fl., fr., 1831-1833,
|
||
<collectorName>C. Gaudichaud</collectorName>
|
||
337 (P
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">3 ex</specimenCount>
|
||
); fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1837-07">Jul 1837</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>G. Gardner</collectorName>
|
||
847 (K barcode K001190683);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:F29755B1B1821C0B23B8D7CA813DC4F4" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Cova da Onca" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
|
||
Cova
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
da
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Onça">Onca</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
</location>
|
||
, fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1861-08-15">15 Aug 1861</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>A.M. Glaziou</collectorName>
|
||
527 (NY, P); fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1869-08-17">17 Aug 1869</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>A.M. Glaziou</collectorName>
|
||
4285 (P
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">2 ex</specimenCount>
|
||
); fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1878-07">Jul 1878</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Miers</collectorName>
|
||
3534 (K, P); fl., fr.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1889-12-05">5 Dec 1889</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Schwacke</collectorName>
|
||
6699 (RB); fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1892-05-05">5 May 1892</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>A. Ducke</collectorName>
|
||
s.n. (RB 64); Tijuca,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:BB7ECF18032E7D23D6466BD62F03AB41" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="rio Trapicheiros" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">rio Trapicheiros</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:D8DF87ED5F4E152C5BCCFAFD686DBA8D" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Fabrica da Cheetos" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fábrica">Fabrica</normalizedToken>
|
||
<collectorName>da Cheetos</collectorName>
|
||
</location>
|
||
), fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1925-11">Nov 1925</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J.S. Kuhlmann</collectorName>
|
||
s.n. (RB 19282, U barcode U1210766); fl., fr.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1943-03-04">4 Mar 1943</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>A.P. Duarte</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>C.T. Rizzini</collectorName>
|
||
8 (RB); fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1944-11-06">6 Nov 1944</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Occhioni</collectorName>
|
||
50 (RB);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:E720E4FCBA6ED2F148BA01D736A308C6" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Parque Natural da Tijuca" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Parque Natural da Tijuca</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:FE70417498089C3C3F9A86944A6442AB" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Matas do Pai Ricardo" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Matas do Pai Ricardo</location>
|
||
, fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1975-10-29">29 Oct 1975</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
D.S.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Araújo">Araujo</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 883 (GUA); fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2013-10-30">30 Oct 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M.O.O. Pellegrini</collectorName>
|
||
404 (RB); fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2013-11-15">15 Nov 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>L.S.B. Calazans</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>R.T. Valadares</collectorName>
|
||
234 (RB); road to Vista Chinesa, next to the
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:9F4DCDA32AB2061FA637F6811035C74C" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Biological Station" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Biological Station</location>
|
||
, fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1960-08-18">18 Aug 1960</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>C. Angeli</collectorName>
|
||
230 (GUA);
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
Setor das
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:BA858B904E2FECEBA722B065CE2D2AFD" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Paineiras" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Paineiras</location>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, next to
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:D35D5FE24F9D9E3E190063940576D48C" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Pedra do Beijo" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Pedra do Beijo</location>
|
||
, fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1965-11-15">15 Nov 1965</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J.P.P. Carauta</collectorName>
|
||
286 (GUA); road to Vista Chinesa, fl., fr.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1969-10-31">31 Oct 1969</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J.P.P. Carauta</collectorName>
|
||
923 (GUA); Santa Cruz, fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1972-07-06">6 Jul 1972</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>E. Lagasa</collectorName>
|
||
s.n. (HB 71875);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:EEA56CD6E64AB8CD9D5D5EC063F1ACB3" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Pedra da Gavea" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
|
||
Pedra
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
da
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gávea">Gavea</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
</location>
|
||
, fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1966-07-13">13 Jul 1966</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>D. Sucre</collectorName>
|
||
1304c (HB, RB);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:6DBB8430A5E96ED838DCB4E79C88B514" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Alto da Boa Vista" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Alto da Boa Vista</location>
|
||
, Morro Queimado, next to the FEEMA building, fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-10-26">26 Oct 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>F. Pinheiro</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 557 (HB);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:18DB6C62911C795ACF07C1FB7F1FD144" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Estrada da Guanabara" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Estrada da Guanabara</location>
|
||
, Parque Lage,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1968-01-25">25 Jan 1968</collectingDate>
|
||
, fl.,
|
||
<collectorName>D. Sucre</collectorName>
|
||
2161 (RB);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:7840FC6049A0C3794C211406A33019AC" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Reserva Florestal do Jardim Botanico" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
|
||
Reserva Florestal do Jardim
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Botânico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
|
||
</location>
|
||
, fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1969-01-19">19 Jan 1969</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>D. Sucre</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>P.J.J. Braga</collectorName>
|
||
4472 (RB); fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1971-12-22">22 Dec 1971</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>D. Sucre</collectorName>
|
||
8152 (RB);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:2FE6B0CEA98DA6BDDFAA10F3EA7FB540" country="BRAZIL" county="Niteroi" municipality="Serra da Tiririca" name="Matas da Lagoinha" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
|
||
Matas
|
||
<collectorName>da Lagoinha</collectorName>
|
||
</location>
|
||
, fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1946-09-18">18 September 1946</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Occhioni</collectorName>
|
||
692 (RB); fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1978-03-06">6 Mar 1978</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>V.F. Ferreira</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 256 (RB); fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1946-11-11">11 Nov 1946</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Occhioni</collectorName>
|
||
781 (RFA); brook trail
|
||
<locationDeviation firstLocation="Paineiras" secondLocation="Jardim Botanico">
|
||
between Paineiras and Jardim
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Botânico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1928-12-04">4 Dec 1928</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>L.B. Smith</collectorName>
|
||
s.n. (US barcode US1540545)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Specimens examined (cultivated).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1879-06" collectingDateMax="1974-07-09" collectingDateMin="1879-06" collectorName="N. L. Brown" country="ENGLAND" county="London" location="Kew" municipality="Royal Botanic Gardens" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Greater London">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United Kingdom">ENGLAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion>Greater London</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>London</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Royal Botanic Gardens</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:52AC8CC665E5DE9470E54333CA99C776" country="ENGLAND" county="London" municipality="Royal Botanic Gardens" name="Kew" stateProvince="Greater London">Kew</location>
|
||
, cultivated at the
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:61E91F4D38FA5E476CC40D38103F2D97" country="ENGLAND" county="London" municipality="Royal Botanic Gardens" name="Nepenthes House" stateProvince="Greater London">Nepenthes House</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C97E4AD3AF3657699967D19F86529392:6EF6186368A6D9D374BD066DC7F5F79D" country="ENGLAND" county="London" municipality="Royal Botanic Gardens" name="Kew" stateProvince="Greater London">Kew</location>
|
||
, fl., 1908, s. leg. s.n. (K); fl., fr.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1879-06">Jun 1879</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>N.L. Brown</collectorName>
|
||
s.n. (K); fl., 1967, Mason 458/61 (K); fl.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1974-07-09">9 Jul 1974</collectingDate>
|
||
, Jodrell Laboratory s.n. (K 458-61-45801)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
The epithet "
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">fuscata</emphasis>
|
||
" means dark-colored, in allusion to the red to bright red hairs that cover almost the entire plant, in opposition to the normally hyaline hairs in most
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Commelinales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="family">Commelinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
|
||
and habitat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Siderasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Siderasis fuscata" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fuscata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Siderasis fuscata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is endemic to the municipalities of Rio de Janeiro (with several localities inside Floresta da Tijuca) and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Niterói">Niteroi</normalizedToken>
|
||
(with just one locality, Alto
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mourão">Mourao</normalizedToken>
|
||
), in the Rio de Janeiro state (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution map of Siderasis Raf. emend. M. Pell. & Faden. Blue circles - S. albofasciata; Blue triangles - S. almeidae; Red circles - S. fuscata; Red triangles - S. medusoides; Blue square - S. spectabilis; Red Square - S. zorzanellii; BA - state of Bahia; ES - estate of Espirito Santo; RJ - estate of Rio de Janeiro." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13490.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/144845" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">2</figureCitation>
|
||
). It occurs in the vegetation on hillsides (mata de encosta) near the littoral, in shady areas with shallow and rocky soil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">It blooms from August to May and fruits from January to May, although fructification seems to be an uncommon event since few fruiting specimens were seen or collected.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="common name">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Common name.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
"
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">violeta-silvestre</emphasis>
|
||
", "
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">orelha-de-urso</emphasis>
|
||
", "
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pelo-de-urso</emphasis>
|
||
", "
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">trapoeraba-peluda</emphasis>
|
||
", "brown spiderwort", "bear ears".
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Siderasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Siderasis fuscata" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fuscata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Siderasis fuscata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the few
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="family">Commelinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
included in the
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Lista da Flora Brasileira
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ameaçada">Ameacada</normalizedToken>
|
||
de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Extinção">Extincao</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(List of the Threatened Brazilian Flora;
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fundação">Fundacao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Biodiversitas 2009) and in the
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Lista Oficial das
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Espécies">Especies</normalizedToken>
|
||
da Flora Brasileira
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ameaçadas">Ameacadas</normalizedToken>
|
||
de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Extinção">Extincao</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Official List of the Threatened Species of the Brazilian Flora; MMA 2008), at both lists classified as Data Deficient (DD). In the recently published
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="family">Commelinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
chapter of the
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil</emphasis>
|
||
(Red Book of the Brazilian Flora;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Aona-Pinheiro, LYS" editor="Martinelli, G" journalOrPublisher="Andrea Jakobsson Estudio, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="454 - 457" refId="B4" refString="Aona-Pinheiro, LYS, Pellegrini, MOO, Valente, ASM, Maurenza, D, Kutschenko, DC, Reis, Junior JS, Abreu, MB, 2013. Commelinaceae. In: Martinelli, G, Moraes, MA, Eds., Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil. Andrea Jakobsson Estudio, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro: 454 - 457" title="Commelinaceae." volumeTitle="Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil." year="2013">Aona-Pinheiro et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. fuscata" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="fuscata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. fuscata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is classified as Endangered (EN) by the authors, based on existing published data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
The subpopulation from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Niterói">Niteroi</normalizedToken>
|
||
is disjunct from the others in Rio de Janeiro, due to the urban area of both cities. It possesses a considerably small EOO (ca. 7000 km²), with the population being severely fragmented. Despite all the extant subpopulations being inside conservation units (i.e. Parque Nacional da Tijuca and Parque Estadual Serra da Tiririca), they are considerably small, composed mainly of clonal individuals, with no more than 30 mature individuals. Only a small number of fertile individuals can be found during the flowering season in each population, and very few fruits are produced. All these areas are extremely susceptible to real-estate development, deforestation, and have many invasive species, with areas like Parque Estadual Serra da Tiririca being especially affected by human-related forest fires. The subpopulations from Pedra da
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gávea">Gavea</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Corcovado are probably extinct, or nearly so, since no recent collection in either areas is known by the authors. A total of 250 mature individuals is estimated for the overall population, based on our field observations. Added to the above factors,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. fuscata" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="fuscata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. fuscata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is appreciated as an ornamental plant all over the world due to its exotic foliage and beautiful flowers, so the few known extant subpopulations are also a target of illegal collection for exotic plant growers from all over the world. Thus, following the IUCN criteria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364404774195511" author="Hardy, CR" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="316 - 333" refId="B22" refString="Hardy, CR, Faden, RB, 2004. Plowmanianthus, a new genus of Commelinaceae with five new species from Tropical America. Systematic Botany 29 (2): 316 - 333, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364404774195511" title="Plowmanianthus, a new genus of Commelinaceae with five new species from Tropical America." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364404774195511" volume="29" year="2004">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we suggest
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. fuscata" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="fuscata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. fuscata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
be considered Critically Endangered [CR, A2abcde+B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+B2a(i, ii)+ C2a(i)+D2].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="affinities">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Affinities.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Siderasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Siderasis fuscata" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fuscata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Siderasis fuscata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. albofasciata" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="albofasciata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. albofasciata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in their variegated leaf blades, and similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. almeidae" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="almeidae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. almeidae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. medusoides" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="medusoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. medusoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in their white anthers. Nevertheless, it can be readily distinguished from all species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Siderasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Siderasis" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Siderasis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its petiolate leaves, red to bright red indumentum covering almost the entire plant (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
sessile to subsessile leaves, light brown to hyaline indumentum), cincinni without bracteoles (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
bracteoles present), acuminate flower buds and sepals (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
obtuse to rounded), androecium and gynoecium completely white (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
androecium and gynoecium partially bluish, lilac or purple), ovary and capsules hirsute (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
velutine, hispid or lanate), seeds with light grey to grey and foveolate testa (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
medium to dark brown and rugose or scrobiculate testa), and hyaline and inconspicuous aril (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
aril cream-colored, slightly translucent and thick).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="994373" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13490.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/144854" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Siderasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Siderasis fuscata" order="Commelinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fuscata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Siderasis fuscata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lodd.) H.E.Moore.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A</emphasis>
|
||
habit, showing a mature rosette and green leaves
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B</emphasis>
|
||
detail of leaf with a silvery blotch along the midvein
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the canaliculate petiole, showing the rusty hairs
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the bright-red hirsute indumentum
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">E</emphasis>
|
||
upper view of a fertile rosette, showing many lilac flowers open at the same time
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">F</emphasis>
|
||
front view of a pale-lilac flower, showing the lacerated petals and completely white androecium and gynoecium
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">G</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the androecium and the gynoecium
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H</emphasis>
|
||
detail of a mature capsule, showing the atro-vinaceous longitudinal stripes
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">I</emphasis>
|
||
detail of an open capsule, showing the biseriate to partially uniseriate, inconspicuously arillate seeds, with grey foveolate testa. Photographs by M.O.O. Pellegrini.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |