205 lines
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205 lines
15 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.33" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7745110" ID-ZooBank="8D7A551D-646D-49E2-A9AA-A14EACC67777" checkinTime="1679053428171" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Misirlioğlu, Mete, Reynolds, John Warren, Stojanović, Mirjana, Trakić, Tanja, Sekulić, Jovana, James, Samuel W., Csuzdi, Csaba, Decaëns, Thibaud, Lapied, Emmanuel, Phillips, Helen R. P., Cameron, Erin K. & Brown, George G." docDate="2023" docId="7D2487ECFFBD1B79FF3EFA4BFA99F84E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5255.1.33.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5255 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.33" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eudrilidae Claus 1880" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="423" masterDocId="811DFF94FFBB1B7FFFA9FFB6FFF4FFA5" masterDocTitle="Earthworms (Clitellata, Megadrili) of the world: an updated checklist of valid species and families, with notes on their distribution" masterLastPageNumber="438" masterPageNumber="417" pageNumber="423" updateTime="1679083476692" updateUser="julia" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Earthworms (Clitellata, Megadrili) of the world: an updated checklist of valid species and families, with notes on their distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Misirlioğlu, Mete</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-9928-8478</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Biology, TR- 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9928 - 8478</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Reynolds, John Warren</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Oligochaetology Laboratory, 9 - 1250 Weber Street East, Kitchener, ON Canada N 2 A 4 E 1, and Research Associate, New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, NB, Canada E 2 K 1 E 5.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Stojanović, Mirjana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Trakić, Tanja</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sekulić, Jovana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Sciences, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>James, Samuel W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Maharishi International University, Department of Regenerative Agriculture, Fairfield, IA, 52557, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Csuzdi, Csaba</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Dept. of Zoology, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Eger, Hungary.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Decaëns, Thibaud</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Lapied, Emmanuel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Taxonomia Biodiversity Fund, 7 rue Beccaria, 72012, Paris, France.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Phillips, Helen R. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ameron@smu.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Cameron, Erin K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ameron@smu.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Brown, George G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-03-15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>5255</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>417</mods:start>
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<mods:end>438</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.33</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7745110</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8D7A551D-646D-49E2-A9AA-A14EACC67777</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7D2487ECFFBD1B79FF3EFA4BFA99F84E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D2487ECFFBD1B79FF3EFA4BFA99F84E" lastPageNumber="423" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">
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<subSubSection box="[151,438,1533,1559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[151,438,1533,1559]" box="[151,438,1533,1559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,438,1533,1559]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="84K74" ID-ENA="169955" authority="Claus, 1880" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,438,1533,1559]" class="Clitellata" family="Eudrilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,438,1533,1559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Eudrilidae Claus, 1880</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="423" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1437,1605,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">
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The
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1880" box="[205,322,1605,1631]" class="Clitellata" family="Eudrilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Eudrilidae</taxonomicName>
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is a peculiar earthworm family with internal fertilisation (
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<bibRefCitation author="Clausen, M. W." box="[997,1158,1605,1632]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" pagination="273 - 292" refId="ref12623" refString="Clausen, M. W. (1965) Description of two new species of Libyodrilus Beddard, 1891, with remarks on the genus and on the female system in the family Eudrilidae. Videnskabelige Meddelelser Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 128, 273 - 292." type="journal article" year="1965">Clausen 1965</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Sims, R. W." box="[1173,1298,1605,1631]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" pagination="437 - 447" refId="ref20486" refString="Sims, R. W. (1969) Internal fertilization in Eudrilid earthworms with the description of a new Pareudriline genus and species (Oligochaeta) from Ghana. Journal of Zoology, 157, 437 - 447. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1969. tb 01714. x" type="journal article" year="1969">Sims 1969</bibRefCitation>
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). It consists of 45 genera and 305 species (plus 21 subspecies) distributed in tropical Africa from south of the Sahara to the Kalahari Desert and northern
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<collectingCountry box="[500,646,1677,1703]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Sims, R. W." box="[664,793,1677,1703]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" pagination="359 - 388" refId="ref20590" refString="Sims, R. W. (1987) Review of the Central African earthworm family Eudrilidae (Oligochaeta). In: Bonvicini Pagiliai, A. M. & Omodeo, P. (Eds.), On earthworms. Mucchi, Modena, pp. 359 - 388." type="book chapter" year="1987">Sims 1987</bibRefCitation>
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). There are only two species in the family regarded as widely introduced peregrines:
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<taxonomicName authority="(Kinberg)" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[491,811,1713,1739]" class="Clitellata" family="Eudrilidae" genus="Eudrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="eugeniae">
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<emphasis box="[491,694,1713,1739]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Eudrilus eugeniae</emphasis>
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(Kinberg)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authority="Beddard." authorityName="Beddard." box="[864,1242,1713,1739]" class="Clitellata" family="Eudrilidae" genus="Hyperiodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="africanus">
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<emphasis box="[864,1133,1713,1739]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Hyperiodrilus africanus</emphasis>
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Beddard.
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</taxonomicName>
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The first species, commonly called the "African Nightcrawler" is widespread, found mainly in vermiculture outside its native range (West Africa) throughout the tropics and sub-tropics in Latin America, the Caribbean,
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<collectingCountry box="[1164,1301,1785,1811]" name="Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1316,1432,1785,1811]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[151,211,1821,1847]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">India</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[226,355,1821,1847]" name="Philippines" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[370,475,1821,1847]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[490,602,1821,1847]" name="Indonesia" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[615,710,1821,1847]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry box="[770,873,1821,1847]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Australia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[890,1087,1821,1848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" pagination="527 - 548" refId="ref11293" refString="Blakemore, R. J. (2015) Eco-taxonomic profile of an iconic vermicomposter - the ' African Night-crawler' earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg, 1867). African Invertebrates, 56 (3), 527 - 548. https: // doi. org / 10.5733 / afin. 056.0302" type="journal article" year="2015">Blakemore 2015</bibRefCitation>
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). Rarely has this species been found inhabiting soils (
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<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[415,607,1857,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" pagination="527 - 548" refId="ref11293" refString="Blakemore, R. J. (2015) Eco-taxonomic profile of an iconic vermicomposter - the ' African Night-crawler' earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg, 1867). African Invertebrates, 56 (3), 527 - 548. https: // doi. org / 10.5733 / afin. 056.0302" type="journal article" year="2015">Blakemore 2015</bibRefCitation>
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) and not compost beds, and its survival under these conditions probably requires high moisture and the presence of abundant litter, or organic resources, which are its major food source. The second species,
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<taxonomicName box="[333,475,1929,1955]" class="Clitellata" family="Eudrilidae" genus="Hyperiodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="africanus">
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<emphasis box="[333,475,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">H. africanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can also be found frequently in compost-beds and high organic content soils, but its distribution is more restricted, being known from Western (
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<collectingCountry box="[804,939,1965,1991]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[949,1036,1965,1991]" name="Nigeria" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1046,1122,1965,1991]" name="Gabon" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Gabon</collectingCountry>
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) and Central Africa (
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<collectingCountry box="[1353,1432,1965,1991]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Congo</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[151,504,2001,2027]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[514,598,2001,2027]" name="Angola" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Angola</collectingCountry>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Tondoh, J. E. & Lavelle, P." box="[620,892,2001,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" pagination="493 - 500" refId="ref21205" refString="Tondoh, J. E. & Lavelle, P. (2005) Population dynamics of Hyperiodrilus africanus (Oligochaeta, Eudrilidae) in Ivory Coast. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 21, 493 - 500. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0266467405002506" type="journal article" year="2005">Tondoh & Lavelle 2005</bibRefCitation>
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) and
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<collectingCountry box="[954,1022,2001,2027]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Righi, G." box="[1037,1167,2001,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" pagination="148 - 166" refId="ref19380" refString="Righi, G. (1972) Contribuic " o ao conhecimento dos Oligochaeta brasileiros. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia, 25, 148 - 166." type="journal article" year="1972">Righi 1972</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Sousa, S. C. & Hernandez-Garcia, L. M. & Rousseau, G. X." box="[1179,1377,2001,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" pagination="105 - 114" refId="ref20746" refString="Sousa, S. C., Hernandez-Garcia, L. M. & Rousseau, G. X. (2020) A new species of Pontoscolex earthworm (Rhinodrilidae, Clitellata) from the Gurupi Biological Reserve, along with records of earthworm species from the Amazon region of Maranh " o, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4801, 105 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4801.1.4" type="journal article" year="2020">
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Sousa
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<emphasis box="[1253,1309,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">et al.</emphasis>
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2020
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |