183 lines
19 KiB
XML
183 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="7E6E9D8C7A418C149561D8CF52A14A91" ID-CLB-Dataset="80832" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6707142" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ab66b2b7-9544-4411-bf61-5bc3651d7bca" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-04-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6707142" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1656002532852" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr" docDate="2017" docId="03F06D13FF87204E0D8A1DC00263FB86" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_7_Cricetidae_0204.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Arvicola italicus" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="318" masterDocId="FFC9156BFFAE20670D37145C0837FFDB" masterDocTitle="Cricetidae" masterLastPageNumber="535" masterPageNumber="204" pageNumber="318" updateTime="1718799336328" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6B894604AEAA6A99B8AF2B67B5FB7317">
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<mods:title id="7A284343067E2249A94EED7ACCC75E78">Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="30D9E88182331F090EBAD86F067C5FF5">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="358A5B5342C001A48E9BAB8BAB455671">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B48FEBBA811759E6AF569F3D2248411A">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="0DA683DC2E34B37451102325B766485D">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="F21E5B0C0623286235F0E3EA3B83B7B3">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="402AA547479E5D266B00260375DF60DF">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="492F47F62304D3A3E53BEF11601E4F0E">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F06D13FF87204E0D8A1DC00263FB86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6706854" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196221365" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6706854" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F06D13FF87204E0D8A1DC00263FB86" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F06D13FF87204E0D8A1DC00263FB86" lastPageNumber="318" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0D8A1DC008C1F619" box="[189,246,2460,2498]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0D8A1DC008C1F619" blockId="41.[188,1094,2460,2540]" box="[189,246,2460,2498]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF87204E0D8A1DC008C1F619" box="[189,246,2460,2498]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<figureCitation id="1362C080FF87204E0D8A1DC008C1F619" box="[189,246,2460,2498]" captionStart="Plate 12: Cricetidae" captionStartId="36.[123,153,3215,3240]" captionTargetBox="[12,2745,14,3647]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="77. Balkan Snow Vole (Dinaromys bogdanouvt), 78. Northern Mole Vole (Ellobius talpinus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6708401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6708401/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">89.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0C3F1DC00A4CF619" box="[264,635,2460,2498]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0C3F1DC00A4CF619" blockId="41.[188,1094,2460,2540]" box="[264,635,2460,2498]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF87204E0C3F1DC00A4CF619" box="[264,635,2460,2498]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF87204E0C3F1DC00A4CF619" ID-CoL="7JBMH" baseAuthorityName="Savi" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[264,635,2460,2498]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="italicus">Italian Water Vole</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0F981DC00BD3F619" box="[687,996,2460,2498]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0F981DC00BD3F619" blockId="41.[188,1094,2460,2540]" box="[687,996,2460,2498]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF87204E0F981DC00BD3F619" box="[687,996,2460,2498]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0F981DC00BD3F619" ID-CoL="7JBMH" baseAuthorityName="Savi" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[687,996,2460,2498]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="italicus">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0F981DC00BD3F619" box="[687,996,2460,2498]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Arvicola italicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0D8A1D8F0C72F633" box="[189,1093,2515,2536]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0D8A1D8F0C72F633" blockId="41.[188,1094,2460,2540]" box="[189,1093,2515,2536]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF87204E0D8A1D8F0C72F633" box="[189,1093,2515,2536]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0D8A1D8F093FF633" bold="true" box="[189,264,2515,2536]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF87204E0C261D8F09FCF633" ID-CoL="7JBMH" baseAuthorityName="Savi" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[273,459,2515,2536]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="italicus">Campagnol d'ltalie</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0CD71D8F0A0DF633" bold="true" box="[480,570,2515,2536]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF87204E0F721D8F0AC1F633" ID-CoL="7JBMH" baseAuthorityName="Savi" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[581,758,2515,2536]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="italicus">Italien-Schermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0E3D1D8F0B52F633" bold="true" box="[778,869,2515,2536]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF87204E0E471D8F0C72F633" ID-CoL="7JBMH" baseAuthorityName="Savi" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[880,1093,2515,2536]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="italicus">Rata de agua de Italia</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0E161E460D2BF584" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0E161E460D2BF584" blockId="41.[801,1394,2586,3008]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0E161E460B8BF5EC" bold="true" box="[801,956,2586,2615]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0EE71E460BC1F584" ID-CoL="H3SY" authorityName="Savi" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amphibius">Arvicola amphibius var. italica [sic] Savi, 1838</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B31D658FF87204E09321E1A0D2BF584" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3818814921" box="[1029,1308,2630,2655]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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vicinity of Pisa,
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<collectingCountry id="F34E9C95FF87204E09E91E1A0D2FF584" box="[1246,1304,2630,2655]" name="Italy" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Italy</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0E151E380D20F4F8" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0E151E380D20F4F8" blockId="41.[801,1394,2586,3008]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0E151E380BB9F55E" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1799" box="[802,910,2660,2693]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Arvicola</taxonomicName>
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italicus was treated until recently as a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E09291ED00CF8F576" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1054,1231,2700,2733]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amphibius">A. amphibius</taxonomicName>
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(earlier of A.
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0E7A1EEB0B8DF50F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[845,954,2743,2772]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="terrestris">terrestris</taxonomicName>
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). Phylogenetic reconstructions using molecular markers retrieved italicus to be a separate species. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0E151F750D61F4A9" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF268C8DFF87204E0E151F750D61F4A9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760469" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6760469/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" startId="41.[802,974,2857,2890]" targetBox="[187,778,2590,3005]" targetPageId="41">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0E151F750D61F4A9" blockId="41.[801,1394,2586,3008]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0E151F750BE6F491" bold="true" box="[802,977,2857,2890]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Endemic to Italy and marginally reaching S Switzerland in Ticino.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0E151F240964F35E" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0E151F240D5AF41B" blockId="41.[801,1394,2586,3008]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0E151F240C0EF442" bold="true" box="[802,1081,2936,2969]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 162-191 mm,tail 84-102 mm; weight 83-139 g.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0D8B1F9B0964F35E" blockId="41.[187,1394,3015,3480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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The Italian Water Vole is similar to aquatic form of the Eurasian Water Vole (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E08201F9B0928F3CB" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amphibius">A. amphibius</taxonomicName>
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). Back is brown, on average lighter than on the Eurasian Water Vole; flanks are light and buffy; cheeks are slightly yellowish; and belly is slate gray and washed in buff. Tail is dark brown above and gray below. Skull is of the aquatic form, and incisors are orthodont.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0D8B18D00C0BF2F8" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0D8B18D00C0BF2F8" blockId="41.[187,1394,3015,3480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0D8B18D0091CF376" bold="true" box="[188,299,3212,3245]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Humid plains and valleys, with densely vegetated banks along rivers, ditches, ponds, and marshes. The Italian Water Vole also occurs in brackish water and was reported in Venetian Lagoon. It is restricted to lowlands up to elevations of 300 m in north-eastern Italy and up to 1600 m in Calabria, southern Italy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0D8B1975003CFE43" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0D8B1975003CFE43" blockId="41.[187,1394,3015,3480]" lastBlockId="41.[1460,2668,296,1122]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0D8B197509F6F291" bold="true" box="[188,449,3369,3402]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Diet of the Italian Water Vole is similar to the aquatic Eurasian Water Vole, consisting mainly of green parts of semi-aquatic and aquatic plants, including broadleaf cattail (7ypha
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0F3A192B0A58F243" box="[525,623,3447,3480]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Arctagrostis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">latifolia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0F4B192B0B2FF243" box="[636,792,3447,3480]" class="Liliopsida" family="Typhaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Typhaceae</taxonomicName>
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). In spring, pale-yellow iris (Iris pseudacorus,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E088F15740E0DFE92" box="[1464,1594,296,329]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Iridaceae</taxonomicName>
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) is consumed abundantly around Pisa and Livorno. Food is cached. Feeding on bark is reported during winter. The Italian Water Vole also preys on larval and adult stages of insects, snails, shrimps, and frogs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E088115C2013EFE3D" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088115C2013EFE3D" blockId="41.[1460,2668,296,1122]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E088115C20E0AFE64" bold="true" box="[1462,1597,414,447]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Young Italian Water Voles suckle for c.2 weeks. They start leaving nests and swimming at 15-16 days old and are weaned at c.21 days old.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E088215B101C4FD08" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="activity">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088215B101C4FD08" blockId="41.[1460,2668,296,1122]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E088215B10E96FDD5" bold="true" box="[1461,1697,493,526]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Italian Water Voles are predominantly diurnal. In summer, they live aquatically, but in winter, individuals can move away from water. In spring, they abandon terrestrial life and return to water banks. They dig shallow tunnels with entrances below or above water level. Globular nests are 25-30 cm in diameter and are woven from stems and leaves of grasses and other marshy plants. In flooded areas, nests are commonly on low trunks of willows (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0A8D16EE0FCAFD08" box="[1978,2045,690,723]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E053A16EE00AAFD08" box="[2061,2205,690,723]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
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||
) or in clumps of sedges.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E088116810155FD21" box="[1462,2402,733,762]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088116810155FD21" blockId="41.[1460,2668,296,1122]" box="[1462,2402,733,762]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E088116810044FD21" bold="true" box="[1462,2163,733,762]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E088017580EF6FBED" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088017580EF6FBED" blockId="41.[1460,2668,296,1122]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E088017580F2AFCFA" bold="true" box="[1463,1821,772,801]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Not assessed on The IUCN Red List due to its recent recognition as a species. The Italian Water Vole is widespread on the Italian Peninsula, but it shows some attributes of rarity and population decline. Decline was noted in the 1970s and 1980s, and many historical occurrences have not been reconfirmed. It was historically present in Sicily but is now absent. The Italian Water Vole is not protected in Italy, but itis included on Red Lists of provinces of Veneto and Umbria. It is not considered an agricultural pest, although considerable damage was reported in the 19" century.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E088010180263FB86" box="[1463,2644,1092,1117]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088010180263FB86" blockId="41.[1460,2668,296,1122]" box="[1463,2644,1092,1117]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E088010180E67FB86" bold="true" box="[1463,1616,1092,1117]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Amori, Contoli & Nappi (2008), Castiglia et al. (2016), Gippoliti (2012), Meylan & Saucy (1995).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |