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<document id="A6EF6CFCDDBF4E6CAF81BB4E5F8BD474" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4755.2.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c6ae3424-0cb2-4be5-8b64-510468c9b86a" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3733635" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:321C36EA-3A65-4C43-80AE-5D2C536D2DF9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1585596955376" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Ghaderi, Reza, Asghari, Ramezan &amp; Eskandari, Ali" docDate="2020" docId="03AB87FD5862F331FF3197E1FC9EF895" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4755.2.7.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4755 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Tylolaimophorus minor Goodey 1963" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="332" masterDocId="FF92FF85586BF33BFFA69040FFFDFF92" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the genus Tylolaimophorus de Man, 1880 (Nematoda Diphtherophoridae), with description of T. minor (Thorne, 1939) Goodey, 1963 from Iran" masterLastPageNumber="340" masterPageNumber="322" pageNumber="331" updateTime="1698733355239" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D3C026497AC6BEB9E60B5C69B80B6B47">Systematics of the genus Tylolaimophorus de Man, 1880 (Nematoda Diphtherophoridae), with description of T. minor (Thorne, 1939) Goodey, 1963 from Iran</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03AB87FD5862F331FF3197E1FC9EF895" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3812497" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163392027" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3812497" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87FD5862F331FF3197E1FC9EF895" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB87FD5862F331FF3197E1FC9EF895" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="332" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">
<subSubSection id="C31865605862F332FF3197E1FCDBF829" box="[151,806,1953,1980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5862F332FF3197E1FCDBF829" blockId="9.[151,806,1953,1980]" box="[151,806,1953,1980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">
<heading id="D0F581875862F332FF3197E1FCDBF829" bold="true" box="[151,806,1953,1980]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="331" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C024D685862F332FF3197E1FCDBF829" authority="(Thorne, 1939) Goodey, 1963" authorityName="Goodey" authorityYear="1963" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[151,806,1953,1980]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="9" pageNumber="331" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95862F332FF3197E1FCDBF829" bold="true" box="[151,806,1953,1980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95862F332FF3197E1FE48F829" bold="true" box="[151,437,1953,1980]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">Tylolaimophorus minor</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5862F332FE6397E1FD93F829" author="Thorne, G." box="[453,622,1953,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref14771" refString="Thorne, G. (1939) A monograph of the nematodes of the superfamily Dorylaimoidea. Capita Zoologica, 8, 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="1939">Thorne, 1939</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5862F332FDD897E1FCDBF829" author="Goodey, T." box="[638,806,1953,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331" refId="ref14008" refString="Goodey, T. (1963) Soil and freshwater nematodes. 2 th Edition. Revised by J. B. Goodey. Methuen, London, 554 pp." type="book" year="1963">Goodey, 1963</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31865605861F331FF3190A0FE7DFDF1" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF3190A0FE86FF69" blockId="10.[151,1436,224,323]" box="[151,379,224,251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
After
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FF7F90A0FE86FF69" author="Thorne, G." box="[217,379,224,251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref14771" refString="Thorne, G. (1939) A monograph of the nematodes of the superfamily Dorylaimoidea. Capita Zoologica, 8, 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="1939">Thorne (1939)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF319130FE7DFDF1" blockId="10.[151,860,368,431]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,584,683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
After
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FF7F9130FE86FE19" author="Thorne, G." box="[217,379,368,395]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" refId="ref14823" refString="Thorne, G. (1974) Nematodes of the Northern Great Plains. Part II. Dorylaimoidea in part (Nemata: Adenophorea). Technical Bulletin of Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, 120 pp." type="book" year="1974">Thorne (1974)</bibRefCitation>
After
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FF7F919CFDC8FE65" author="Eroshenko, A. S. &amp; Tepljakov, A. A." box="[217,565,476,503]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" pagination="21 - 34" refId="ref13930" refString="Eroshenko, A. S. &amp; Tepljakov, A. A. (1977) [Nematodes of the Dal'nev forest fauna of the Diphtherophoridae family]. Trudy Biologopochvennova Instituta Novaya Seriya, 47, 21 - 34. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1977">Eroshenko &amp; Tepljakov (1977)</bibRefCitation>
After
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FF7F9208FE7DFDF1" author="Brzeski, M. W." box="[217,384,584,611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" pagination="313 - 327" refId="ref13570" refString="Brzeski, M. W. (1994) Synopsis of Tylolaimophorus de Man, 1880 (Nematoda: Diphtherophoridae). Nematologica, 40, 313 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 003525994 X 00229" type="journal article" year="1994">Brzeski (1994)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31865605861F331FF3190D8FE60FBA4" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF3190D8FE7AFF21" blockId="10.[151,391,152,179]" box="[151,391,152,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FF3190D8FE7AFF21" bold="true" box="[151,391,152,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">MEASUREMENTS</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF619144FDDDFED1" blockId="10.[151,1436,224,323]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
<typeStatus id="54B988495861F331FF619144FED2FE8C" box="[199,303,260,286]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female: L =
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FE199144FDE5FE8D" box="[447,536,260,287]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FD859145FDCCFE8C" box="[547,561,261,286]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">a</emphasis>
= 17; b = 6.3; body width = (35) µm; spear =? µm; pharynx = (95) µm; tail = (30) µm;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FEA49169FEF3FED0" box="[258,270,297,322]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">c</emphasis>
= 20;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FEF19169FE97FED1" box="[343,362,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">c</emphasis>
= (1.3); V = 50.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF6191D5FCA1FE3D" blockId="10.[151,860,368,431]" box="[199,860,404,431]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
? females: L =
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FEC891D5FE09FE3D" box="[366,500,405,431]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.4">0.4-0.7 mm</quantity>
;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FE5991D5FDF0FE3C" box="[511,525,405,430]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">a</emphasis>
= 16;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FDF091D4FD99FE3C" box="[598,612,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">b</emphasis>
= 6.1;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FD1591D5FD42FE3C" box="[691,703,405,430]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">c</emphasis>
= 18; V = 52.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF619241FB07FD89" blockId="10.[151,1274,476,539]" box="[199,1274,512,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
<specimenCount id="9D04FD625861F331FF619241FEBBFD88" box="[199,326,512,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" type="female">19 females</specimenCount>
: L =
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FED89240FDE2FD89" box="[382,543,512,539]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="0.47" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.34">0.34-0.60 mm</quantity>
;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FD8D9241FDC4FD88" box="[555,569,513,538]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">a</emphasis>
= 10-23;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FD009240FD49FD88" box="[678,692,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">b</emphasis>
= 3.7-6.1; spear =
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FC2F9240FC06FD89" box="[905,1019,512,539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12-15 µm</quantity>
;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FBA09241FBEFFD88" box="[1030,1042,513,538]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">c</emphasis>
= 12-18; V = 53-64.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF61922DFDE0FD38" blockId="10.[151,1437,584,683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
<specimenCount id="9D04FD625861F331FF61922DFEB8FD14" box="[199,325,620,647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" type="female">77 females</specimenCount>
: L =
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FEDC922CFDE7FD15" box="[378,538,620,647]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="0.48" valueMax="0.58" valueMin="0.38">0.38-0.58 mm</quantity>
;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FD83922DFDCEFD14" box="[549,563,621,646]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">a</emphasis>
= 13-23;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FD3B922CFD56FD14" box="[669,683,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">b</emphasis>
= 3.9-7.0; spear =
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FCDD922DFC20FD15" box="[891,989,621,647]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9-12 µm</quantity>
; pharynx =
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FBC6922DFB20FD15" box="[1120,1245,621,647]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.55" metricValueMax="11.2" metricValueMin="7.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="95.5" valueMax="112.0" valueMin="79.0">79-112 µm</quantity>
; tail =
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FA81922DFA6AFD15" box="[1319,1431,621,647]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="20.0">20-33 µm</quantity>
;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FF3192D1FF5EFD38" box="[151,163,657,682]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">c</emphasis>
= 15-23;
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FEB492D1FED5FD39" box="[274,296,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">c</emphasis>
= 0.9-1.7; V = 43-61.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF319298FEA4FD61" blockId="10.[151,1437,728,1079]" box="[151,345,728,755]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FF319298FEA4FD61" bold="true" box="[151,345,728,755]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">DESCRIPTION</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF3192BCFAD7FB80" blockId="10.[151,1437,728,1079]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
Female. Body arcuate ventrad to C shaped. Cuticle up to
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FC8592BDFC9DFC85" box="[803,864,765,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 µm</quantity>
thick, striation only visible on younger specimens and then striae very shallow. Some body pores seen on dorsal and ventral sides. Lip region separated by a shallow depression that may not be observable in older, thickened specimens. Amphidial opening about
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FB669305FB07FCCD" box="[1216,1274,837,863]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 µm</quantity>
wide or 27-37 % of lip region width. Pharynx with fusiform median swelling and short pyriform basal bulb. Body width at pharynx base 2.2-2.9 times lip region width. Vulva a minute transverse slit. Vagina extending 27-30 % into body. Ovaries symmetrical, reflexed about halfway back to the vulva. Rectum
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FCF993F0FC4CFC59" box="[863,945,944,971]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6-8 µm</quantity>
long or about one-third the anal body diameter. Post-anal intestinal sac extends into tail to varying lengths in most of the examined specimens. Body tapering from a short distance posterior to the anus. Tail dorsally convex-conoid, bluntly rounded at the terminus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF31945CFE60FBA4" blockId="10.[151,1437,728,1079]" box="[151,413,1052,1079]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Male. Never described.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31865605861F331FF319424FC3CFAE9" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF319424FD9CFBED" blockId="10.[151,1437,1124,1403]" box="[151,609,1124,1151]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FF319424FD9CFBED" bold="true" box="[151,609,1124,1151]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">DIAGNOSIS AND RELATIONSHIPS</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF3194C8FC3CFAE9" blockId="10.[151,1437,1124,1403]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
<taxonomicName id="4C024D685861F331FF3194C8FE62FB30" authority="(Thorne, 1939) " authorityName="Thorne" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,415,1160,1186]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FF3194C8FE62FB30" box="[151,415,1160,1186]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Tylolaimophorus minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="4C024D685861F331FD4B94C9FC78FB30" authorityName="Goodey" authorityYear="1963" baseAuthorityName="Cobb" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[749,901,1160,1186]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cylindricus">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FD4B94C9FC78FB30" box="[749,901,1160,1186]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">T. cylindricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its smaller size (0.4-0.6
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FB6794C9FB25FB30" box="[1217,1240,1161,1186]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">vs</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FB4694C9FA99FB31" box="[1248,1380,1161,1187]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.2">1.2-2.1 mm</quantity>
) and more tapering tail. It also should be compared with other species which have small body sizes:
<taxonomicName id="4C024D685861F331FB1E94EDFAB0FB54" authorityName="Ivanova" authorityYear="1980" box="[1208,1357,1197,1222]" class="Adenophorea" family="Diphtherophoridae" genus="Triplonchium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Triplonchida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="tegmentum">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FB1E94EDFAB0FB54" box="[1208,1357,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">T. tegmentum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs by a longer spear (15-17
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FE149491FE34FB78" box="[434,457,1233,1258]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">vs</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E5861F331FE779491FDBCFB79" box="[465,577,1233,1259]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10-12 µm</quantity>
) and the presence of males, and both
<taxonomicName id="4C024D685861F331FC4D9491FB94FB78" authorityName="Husain &amp; Khan" authorityYear="1967" box="[1003,1129,1232,1258]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="digitatus">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FC4D9491FB94FB78" box="[1003,1129,1232,1258]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">T. digitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C024D685861F331FB079491FAF3FB78" authorityName="Husain &amp; Khan" authorityYear="1967" box="[1185,1294,1232,1258]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FB079491FAF3FB78" box="[1185,1294,1232,1258]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">T. indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are bisexual species, have a distended cuticle, rectum with thin walls, and more pointed tails.
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FB8294B4FB3AFA9D" author="Thorne, G." box="[1060,1223,1268,1295]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" refId="ref14823" refString="Thorne, G. (1974) Nematodes of the Northern Great Plains. Part II. Dorylaimoidea in part (Nemata: Adenophorea). Technical Bulletin of Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, 120 pp." type="book" year="1974">Thorne (1974)</bibRefCitation>
reported a population with the name
<taxonomicName id="4C024D685861F331FECD9558FD06FAA1" authority="Thorne, 1939" authorityName="Thorne" authorityYear="1939" box="[363,763,1304,1331]" class="Adenophorea" family="Diphtherophoridae" genus="Triplonchium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Triplonchida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="parvum">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FECD9558FDA0FAA0" box="[363,605,1304,1330]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Triplonchium parvum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FDC49558FD06FAA1" author="Thorne, G." box="[610,763,1304,1331]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref14771" refString="Thorne, G. (1939) A monograph of the nematodes of the superfamily Dorylaimoidea. Capita Zoologica, 8, 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="1939">Thorne, 1939</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FCA39558FC56FAA1" author="Brzeski, M. W." box="[773,939,1304,1331]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" pagination="313 - 327" refId="ref13570" refString="Brzeski, M. W. (1994) Synopsis of Tylolaimophorus de Man, 1880 (Nematoda: Diphtherophoridae). Nematologica, 40, 313 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 003525994 X 00229" type="journal article" year="1994">Brzeski (1994)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that this is, in fact, a population of
<taxonomicName id="4C024D685861F331FF31957DFF08FAC4" authority="(Thorne, 1939) " authorityName="Thorne" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,245,1341,1366]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FF31957DFF08FAC4" box="[151,245,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">T. minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the error is evident from the reproduction of the tail drawing from the original description of
<taxonomicName id="4C024D685861F331FA9E957DFA68FAC4" authority="(Thorne, 1939) " authorityName="Thorne" authorityYear="1939" box="[1336,1429,1341,1366]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FA9E957DFA68FAC4" box="[1336,1429,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">T. minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Brzeski further noted that
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FE1B9520FDA2FAE9" author="Thorne, G." box="[445,607,1376,1403]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref14771" refString="Thorne, G. (1939) A monograph of the nematodes of the superfamily Dorylaimoidea. Capita Zoologica, 8, 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="1939">Thorne (1939)</bibRefCitation>
didnt use the name
<taxonomicName id="4C024D685861F331FCEF9521FC47FAE8" authorityName="Thorne" authorityYear="1939" box="[841,954,1377,1402]" class="Adenophorea" family="Diphtherophoridae" genus="Triplonchium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Triplonchida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="parvum">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FCEF9521FC47FAE8" box="[841,954,1377,1402]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">T. parvum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31865605861F331FF3195E8FC9EF895" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF3195E8FE9BFA51" blockId="10.[151,1437,1448,1799]" box="[151,358,1448,1475]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FF3195E8FE9BFA51" bold="true" box="[151,358,1448,1475]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">DISTRIBUTION</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB5861F331FF31958CFC9EF895" blockId="10.[151,1437,1448,1799]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
Described from foothill soil near Salt Lake City,
<collectingRegion id="49C6F8095861F331FD1E958CFD0CFA74" box="[696,753,1484,1510]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Utah</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F315767B5861F331FD5A958DFCCFFA75" box="[764,818,1485,1511]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FCE6958CFC2BFA75" author="Thorne, G." box="[832,982,1484,1511]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref14771" refString="Thorne, G. (1939) A monograph of the nematodes of the superfamily Dorylaimoidea. Capita Zoologica, 8, 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="1939">Thorne 1939</bibRefCitation>
). Recovered in the forests of Tippecanoe County,
<collectingRegion id="49C6F8095861F331FF5395B0FEB1F998" box="[245,332,1520,1546]" country="United States of America" name="Indiana" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Indiana</collectingRegion>
, the
<collectingCountry id="F315767B5861F331FED995B1FE48F999" box="[383,437,1521,1547]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FE6295B0FD5FF999" author="Johnson, S. R. &amp; Ferris, V. R. &amp; Ferris, J. M." box="[452,674,1520,1547]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" pagination="175 - 183" refId="ref14364" refString="Johnson, S. R., Ferris, V. R. &amp; Ferris, J. M. (1972) Nematode community structure of forest woodlots. I. Relationships based on similarity coefficients of nematode species. Journal of Nematology, 4, 175 - 183." type="journal article" year="1972">
Johnson
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FD8E95B1FDA2F998" box="[552,607,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">et al.</emphasis>
1972
</bibRefCitation>
). Also reported from several other localities in the
<collectingCountry id="F315767B5861F331FB7395B1FAECF999" box="[1237,1297,1521,1547]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">USA</collectingCountry>
: from native sod, windbreaks and forest shrubs and trees in
<collectingRegion id="49C6F8095861F331FD089654FCB1F9BC" box="[686,844,1556,1582]" country="United States of America" name="South Dakota" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">South Dakota</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49C6F8095861F331FCFE9654FC0EF9BC" box="[856,1011,1556,1582]" country="United States of America" name="North Dakota" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">North Dakota</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49C6F8095861F331FB8A9655FB99F9BD" box="[1068,1124,1557,1583]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Iowa</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FBD29654FAF6F9BD" author="Thorne, G." box="[1140,1291,1556,1583]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" refId="ref14823" refString="Thorne, G. (1974) Nematodes of the Northern Great Plains. Part II. Dorylaimoidea in part (Nemata: Adenophorea). Technical Bulletin of Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, 120 pp." type="book" year="1974">Thorne 1974</bibRefCitation>
). It has been recovered from three localities in
<collectingCountry id="F315767B5861F331FDA99678FDA3F9C0" box="[527,606,1592,1618]" name="Russia" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Russia</collectingCountry>
: in soil and forest litter in the Dalnegorsky region, in forest soil at the edge of the city of
<collectingRegion id="49C6F8095861F331FE9E961CFE3FF9E4" box="[312,450,1628,1654]" country="Russia" name="Khabarovsk" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Khabarovsk</collectingRegion>
, and in the rhizosphere of Scots pine in Korsakovo on
<collectingRegion id="49C6F8095861F331FBE4961CFB59F9E4" box="[1090,1188,1628,1654]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
Island (
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FAA5961CFEB7F909" author="Eroshenko, A. S. &amp; Tepljakov, A. A." pageId="10" pageNumber="332" pagination="21 - 34" refId="ref13930" refString="Eroshenko, A. S. &amp; Tepljakov, A. A. (1977) [Nematodes of the Dal'nev forest fauna of the Diphtherophoridae family]. Trudy Biologopochvennova Instituta Novaya Seriya, 47, 21 - 34. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1977">Eroshenko &amp; Tepljakov 1977</bibRefCitation>
), and also from
<collectingCountry id="F315767B5861F331FE5896C0FD99F908" box="[510,612,1664,1690]" name="Slovakia" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
: in forests of the Vihorlat Protected Landscape Area (
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FB1D96C0FF29F92D" author="Hanel, L. &amp; Cerevkova, A." pageId="10" pageNumber="332" pagination="123 - 135" refId="ref14066" refString="Hanel, L. &amp; Cerevkova, A. (2010) Species and genera of soil nematodes in forest ecosystems of the Vihorlat Protected Land- scape Area, Slovakia. Helminthologia, 47, 123 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / s 11687 - 010 - 0019 - 6" type="journal article" year="2010">Hánĕl &amp; Čerevková 2010</bibRefCitation>
). Two populations were reported in association with forests (
<taxonomicName id="4C024D685861F331FCD796E5FB6AF92D" authority="Ten." authorityName="Ten." box="[881,1175,1700,1727]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dalechampii">
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FCD796E5FBA2F92C" box="[881,1119,1700,1727]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Quercus dalechampii</emphasis>
Ten.
</taxonomicName>
) in Rhodopes,
<collectingCountry id="F315767B5861F331FA9A96E4FA61F92C" box="[1340,1436,1700,1726]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A5861F331FF399689FE8CF971" author="Peneva, V. &amp; Lazarova, S. &amp; Nedelchev, S. &amp; Elshishka, M." box="[159,369,1736,1763]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" pagination="31 - 54" refId="ref14529" refString="Peneva, V., Lazarova, S., Nedelchev, S. &amp; Elshishka, M. (2011) Plant nematodes of the Rhodopes (Bulgaria): an overview and additional data. In: Beron, P. (Ed.), Biodiversity of Bulgaria. 4. Biodiversity of Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece). Pensoft &amp; National Museum of Natural History, Sofia, pp. 31 - 54." type="book chapter" year="2011">
Peneva
<emphasis id="B976EAF95861F331FF5E9689FED2F970" box="[248,303,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
). Two other populations of the species were found during the present study from the rhizosphere of alder and hawthorn trees in
<collectingRegion id="49C6F8095861F331FE4B96ACFDD3F894" box="[493,558,1772,1798]" country="Iran" name="Gilan" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Gilan</collectingRegion>
, Northern
<collectingCountry id="F315767B5861F331FD0096ADFD2EF895" box="[678,723,1773,1799]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Iran</collectingCountry>
(see below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>