504 lines
55 KiB
XML
504 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5256.1.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7745332" ID-ZooBank="98740CD3-9B1A-47E1-9EB8-293B548216C7" approvalRequired="5" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="2" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="3" checkinTime="1679054559522" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Perger, Robert & Rubio, Gonzalo D." docDate="2023" docId="03AB87AD9C56FFB3FF77F95F13E2FE6C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5256.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5256 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5256.1.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Fluda dauca Perger & Rubio 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="70" masterDocId="FF92FFD59C55FFB4FFE0FFCF113EFFBD" masterDocTitle="Two new species of the ant-like spider genus Fluda Peckham & Peckham, 1892 from Bolivia with first reports of potential ant models for the genus and a novel ant-resembling behavior (Araneae: Salticidae, Simonellini)" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="66" updateTime="1679055256918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Two new species of the ant-like spider genus Fluda Peckham & Peckham, 1892 from Bolivia with first reports of potential ant models for the genus and a novel ant-resembling behavior (Araneae: Salticidae, Simonellini)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Perger, Robert</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-9930-9638</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Colección Boliviana de Fauna, La Paz, Bolivia. robertperger @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9930 - 9638</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">robertperger@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Rubio, Gonzalo D.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-4223-2980</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Experimental Station of Agriculture (EEA-INTA), R 14, Km 836, Cerro Azul, Misiones, Argentina. gonzalodrubio @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4223 - 2980</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">gonzalodrubio@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2023-03-16</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>5256</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>63</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>76</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5256.1.4</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5256.1.4</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7745332</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">98740CD3-9B1A-47E1-9EB8-293B548216C7</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87AD9C56FFB3FF77F95F13E2FE6C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB87AD9C56FFB3FF77F95F13E2FE6C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[151,984,1680,1780]" box="[151,406,1680,1707]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[151,406,1680,1707]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,406,1680,1707]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,305,1680,1707]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,305,1680,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Fluda dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[313,406,1681,1707]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[151,984,1680,1780]" box="[151,984,1717,1744]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<uri box="[151,984,1717,1744]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
|
||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||
<uuid box="[427,984,1717,1744]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">DBE97B4F-7CB4-4D01-9F5E-69F37BEAD33C</uuid>
|
||
</uri>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,297,1753,1780]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[151,984,1680,1780]" box="[151,297,1753,1780]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<figureCitation box="[151,243,1753,1779]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[195,1392,1069,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-428@4.[189,1399,1065,1804]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Habitus of Fluda spp.A. Fluda dauca sp. nov., male holotype (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal; Fluda thuruampara sp. nov.: B. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar0958), dorsal; C. Idem, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745338/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[255,271,1753,1779]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,777,801]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,237,754]" captionTargetId="figure-41@5.[170,1418,237,754]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitus of Fluda dauca sp. nov. A. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal; B. Idem, lateral; C. Female paratype, dark form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; D. Idem, lateral; E. Female paratype, orange form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; F. Idem, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745340/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[283,297,1753,1780]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1613,1637]" captionTargetBox="[178,1418,201,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-23@6.[170,1418,181,1589]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Genitalia of Fluda dauca sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar1758): A. Ventral view; B. Retrolateral view. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar1027): C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view, cleared; E. Ventral view, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745342/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">5</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[151,1437,1825,2031]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,330,1825,1851]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Type material.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-12-06" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Perger" country="Bolivia" elevation="335" latitude="-16.9844" location="Villa Tunari" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-65.4094" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cochabamba" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[341,460,1825,1851]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[341,454,1825,1851]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
♁,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[511,598,1825,1851]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[613,906,1825,1851]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Cochabamba Department</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87AD9C56FFB3FF77F95F13E2FE6C:8EDD60609C56FFB7FC79F8EE1516F886" box="[921,1064,1825,1851]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-16.9844" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-65.4094" name="Villa Tunari" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Cochabamba">Villa Tunari</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1079,1200,1825,1851]" degrees="16.9844" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" precision="5" value="-16.9844">16.9844°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1216,1345,1825,1852]" degrees="65.4094" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" precision="5" value="-65.4094">65.4094°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="335.0">
|
||
<quantity box="[1361,1436,1825,1852]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="335.0">335 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, beating tray sampling,
|
||
<date box="[479,621,1861,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" value="2017-12-06">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[479,621,1861,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" value="2017-12-06">6 Dec. 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[634,656,1861,1887]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[668,741,1861,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Perger</collectorName>
|
||
leg., IBSI-Ar1758
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-12-06" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Perger" country="Bolivia" elevation="335" latitude="-16.9844" location="Villa Tunari" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-65.4094" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Cochabamba" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[969,1098,1861,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[969,1093,1861,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1♁
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1138,1177,1862,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1191,1278,1861,1887]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Cochabamba Department</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87AD9C56FFB3FF77F95F13E2FE6C:8EDD60609C56FFB7FEC9F8A6108AF83E" box="[297,436,1897,1923]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-16.9844" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-65.4094" name="Villa Tunari" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Cochabamba">Villa Tunari</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[447,568,1897,1923]" degrees="16.9844" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" precision="5" value="-16.9844">16.9844°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[580,708,1897,1924]" degrees="65.4094" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" precision="5" value="-65.4094">65.4094°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation box="[720,852,1897,1924]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="335.0">
|
||
<quantity box="[720,792,1897,1924]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="335.0">335 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, beating tray sampling,
|
||
<date box="[1123,1263,1897,1923]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" value="2017-12-06">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1123,1263,1897,1923]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" value="2017-12-06">6 Dec. 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1275,1297,1897,1923]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[1308,1381,1897,1923]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Perger</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-01-21" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Perger" country="Bolivia" elevation="342" latitude="-17.4658" location="Cafetal" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6969" municipality="Buena Vista" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
IBSI-Ar1027; 2♁, same data as for preceding, IBSI-Ar0764; 5♁,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[909,1180,1933,1959]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Santa Cruz Department</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[1194,1334,1933,1959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Buena Vista</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87AD9C56FFB3FF77F95F13E2FE6C:8EDD60609C56FFB7FAA4F84214A6F81A" box="[1348,1432,1933,1959]" latitude="-17.4658" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6969" municipality="Buena Vista" name="Cafetal" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">Cafetal</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[151,271,1969,1996]" degrees="17.4658" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" precision="5" value="-17.4658">17.4658°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[286,414,1969,1995]" degrees="63.6969" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" precision="5" value="-63.6969">63.6969°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation box="[428,565,1969,1995]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.42" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="342.0">
|
||
<quantity box="[428,502,1969,1995]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.42" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="342.0">342 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, beating tray sampling,
|
||
<date box="[844,996,1969,1995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" value="2016-01-21">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[844,996,1969,1995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" value="2016-01-21">21 Jan. 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1009,1031,1969,1995]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[1045,1118,1969,1995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Perger</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, IBSI-Ar 0729; 2♁
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-01-21" collectionCode="CBF" collectorName="Perger" country="Bolivia" elevation="342" latitude="-17.4658" location="Cafetal" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6969" municipality="Buena Vista" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1395,1431,1970,1997]" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, same data as for preceding (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[465,524,2005,2031]" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">CBF</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="67" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Among the previously described species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peckham & Peckham" authorityYear="1892" box="[821,888,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[821,888,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Fluda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, three (
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Soares & Camargo, 1948" authorityName="Soares & Camargo" authorityYear="1948" box="[977,1403,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goianiae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[977,1104,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. goianiae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Soares, B. A. M. & Camargo, H. F. de" box="[1113,1403,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" pagination="421 - 443" refId="ref9037" refString="Soares, B. A. M. & Camargo, H. F. de A. (1948) Alguns novos salticidas do Brasil (Araneae, Salticidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 8, 421 - 443." type="journal article" year="1948">Soares & Camargo, 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Peckham & Peckham, 1892" authorityName="Peckham & Peckham" authorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="narcissa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. narcissa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Peckham, G. W. & Peckham, E. G." box="[251,562,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 84" refId="ref8626" refString="Peckham, G. W. & Peckham, E. G. (1892) Ant-like spiders of the family Attidae. Occasional Papers of the Natural History Society of Wisconsin, 2 (1), 1 - 84." type="journal article" year="1892">Peckham & Peckham, 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Taczanowski, 1878))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Taczanowski" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[619,972,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[619,723,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||
(Taczanowski, 1878))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a long epigyne with anterior pocket, and relatively short CDs with few loops (female group “A”; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Galiano, M. E." box="[861,1015,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" pagination="573 - 599" refId="ref8194" refString="Galiano, M. E. (1971) Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes. X. Revision del genero Fluda Peckham, 1892. Physis. Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales, 30, 573 - 599." type="journal article" year="1971">Galiano 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Among the males of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1263,1384,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1263,1330,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Fluda</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two (
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Banks, 1929" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[161,433,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
|
||
<emphasis box="[161,284,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. princeps</emphasis>
|
||
Banks, 1929
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Taczanowski" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[488,594,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[488,594,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) have a short, robust embolus without complete circular revolution around the bulb (male group “A”;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Galiano, M. E." box="[447,602,295,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" pagination="573 - 599" refId="ref8194" refString="Galiano, M. E. (1971) Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes. X. Revision del genero Fluda Peckham, 1892. Physis. Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales, 30, 573 - 599." type="journal article" year="1971">Galiano 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The embolus of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Soares & Camargo" authorityYear="1948" box="[799,923,295,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goianiae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[799,923,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. goianiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not described or illustrated in the original description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Soares, B. A. M. & Camargo, H. F. de" box="[317,614,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" pagination="421 - 443" refId="ref9037" refString="Soares, B. A. M. & Camargo, H. F. de A. (1948) Alguns novos salticidas do Brasil (Araneae, Salticidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 8, 421 - 443." type="journal article" year="1948">Soares & Camargo (1948)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[735,842,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
appear to be lost and the male was not examined and assigned to any species group in the revision by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Galiano, M. E." box="[693,867,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" pagination="573 - 599" refId="ref8194" refString="Galiano, M. E. (1971) Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes. X. Revision del genero Fluda Peckham, 1892. Physis. Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales, 30, 573 - 599." type="journal article" year="1971">Galiano (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,322,402,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on the available information,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Taczanowski" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[732,837,403,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[732,837,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[891,986,403,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[891,986,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[993,1082,403,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[993,1082,403,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are the only species with males and females found in group “A”, respectively.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[688,832,439,465]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[688,832,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Fluda dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[842,935,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[842,928,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Taczanowski" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[1206,1314,439,465]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1206,1314,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having the thoracic part distinctly convex in lateral view (vs. straight), the posterior part of the dorsal scutum considerably higher than the anterior (vs. about same height) and orbicular (vs. ovate) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[999,1144,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,777,801]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,237,754]" captionTargetId="figure-41@5.[170,1418,237,754]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitus of Fluda dauca sp. nov. A. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal; B. Idem, lateral; C. Female paratype, dark form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; D. Idem, lateral; E. Female paratype, orange form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; F. Idem, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745340/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Figs 4B, 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
), the male RTA (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1340,1428,510,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1613,1637]" captionTargetBox="[178,1418,201,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-23@6.[170,1418,181,1589]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Genitalia of Fluda dauca sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar1758): A. Ventral view; B. Retrolateral view. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar1027): C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view, cleared; E. Ventral view, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745342/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
) pointed (vs. blunt tip) and shorter (length 40% of tarsus length; vs. 50%), and the COs further apart and round (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1613,1637]" captionTargetBox="[178,1418,201,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-23@6.[170,1418,181,1589]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Genitalia of Fluda dauca sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar1758): A. Ventral view; B. Retrolateral view. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar1027): C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view, cleared; E. Ventral view, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745342/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs. together and kidney-shaped).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Galiano, M. E." box="[589,761,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" pagination="573 - 599" refId="ref8194" refString="Galiano, M. E. (1971) Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes. X. Revision del genero Fluda Peckham, 1892. Physis. Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales, 30, 573 - 599." type="journal article" year="1971">Galiano (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
refrained from dissecting the epigyne of the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1277,1375,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Taczanowski" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of the fragile condition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
The female of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[375,474,655,681]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[375,474,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[486,579,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[486,579,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is separated from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Soares & Camargo" authorityYear="1948" box="[888,1018,655,680]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goianiae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[888,1018,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">F. goianiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the loops of the CDs orientated transversally (vs. longitudinally) and the course of the left CD running counterclockwise in ventral view (vs. clockwise).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="67" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,334,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet is inferred from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[769,855,763,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Daucus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[769,855,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Daucus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the Latin genus name where the cultivated carrot belongs to, and refers to the orange color of some individuals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,547,834,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
Description of male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[444,547,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[563,657,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[195,1392,1069,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-428@4.[189,1399,1065,1804]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Habitus of Fluda spp.A. Fluda dauca sp. nov., male holotype (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal; Fluda thuruampara sp. nov.: B. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar0958), dorsal; C. Idem, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745338/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[671,740,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,777,801]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,237,754]" captionTargetId="figure-41@5.[170,1418,237,754]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitus of Fluda dauca sp. nov. A. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal; B. Idem, lateral; C. Female paratype, dark form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; D. Idem, lateral; E. Female paratype, orange form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; F. Idem, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745340/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">4A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[753,821,834,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1613,1637]" captionTargetBox="[178,1418,201,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-23@6.[170,1418,181,1589]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Genitalia of Fluda dauca sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar1758): A. Ventral view; B. Retrolateral view. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar1027): C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view, cleared; E. Ventral view, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745342/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">5A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length 3.30; carapace length 1.55; width 0.95; carapace index 61.29; cephalic width 0.95; cephalic width index 100; sternum length 0.67; width 0.4; sternum index 59.70; abdomen length 1.77; maximum width AAP 0.57; maximum width PAP 0.87; abdominal index (with posterior part) 49.15; pedicel length 0.06; width 0.25; dorsal sclerite length 1.78; epigastric sclerite length 0.47; width 0.57; ventral sclerite length 0.8; width 0.57; inframamillary sclerite length 0.05; width 0.27; AER 0.95; AMEAME 0.037; AME-ALE 0.05; PER 0.9; PME-PME 0.72; PME-PE 0.19.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745338" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7745338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745338/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" startId="4.[151,250,1827,1851]" targetBox="[195,1392,1069,1794]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[151,1436,1827,1888]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,274,1827,1851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[391,523,1828,1852]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
|
||
<emphasis box="[391,452,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Fluda</emphasis>
|
||
spp. A
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[533,661,1828,1852]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[533,661,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Fluda dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[666,746,1828,1852]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[666,746,1828,1852]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, male holotype (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal;
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[1144,1344,1828,1852]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thuruampara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1144,1344,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Fluda thuruampara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1349,1429,1828,1852]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1349,1429,1828,1852]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: B. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar0958), dorsal; C. Idem, lateral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[151,1437,1933,2032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,749,1933,1960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Integument (color, microsculpture and setae).</emphasis>
|
||
Orange with large black patch around PE and similar patch surrounding ALE and PME, transverse light bands (darker due to storage in ethanol) in constrictions of carapace and abdomen, microsculpture consisting of regular, small granules; carapace weakly shiny, small granules dense,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1436,151,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">thoracic area laterally and posteriorly with fine wrinkles; AAP with small granules more separated, PAP finely reticulate, shinier than AAP, with granules widely separated.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745340" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7745340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745340/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" startId="5.[151,250,777,801]" targetBox="[170,1418,237,754]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,777,838]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,276,777,801]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[399,529,778,802]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[399,529,778,802]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Fluda dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[536,618,778,802]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[536,618,778,802]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal; B. Idem, lateral; C. Female paratype, dark form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; D. Idem, lateral; E. Female paratype, orange form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; F. Idem, lateral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,881,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Margins of rectangle formed by ALE and PE and abdomen furnished with yellowish, separate, simple setae (most setae broken off due to storage in ethanol).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,881,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Macrosetae tibia I v2-2-2-1-1 (r1-1-1-1-1), metatarsus I v2-2-2; tibia II v2-2-2, metatarsus II v2-2-2. Ventral and dorsal margin of femora I with row of developed black setae; ventral and dorsal margin of femora I with row of moderately developed black setae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,881,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,321,1054,1080]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Carapace.</emphasis>
|
||
Slightly convex anteriorly, dorsally constricted between cephalic and thoracic part, rectangle formed by ALE and PER straight in lateral view, slightly inclined forwards, thoracic part convex posterior of constriction in lateral view, followed by concavity, lateral carapace borders continuous in dorsal view, in anterior half subparallel, evenly tapering posterior of constriction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,881,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,262,1193,1219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Eyes.</emphasis>
|
||
AER recurved, AME touching each other, ALE at anterior edges of cephalic area, touching lateral margin of AME, rectangle formed by ALE and PER about 1.3 times wider than long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,881,2020]" box="[199,1241,1262,1289]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,326,1262,1288]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Chelicerae</emphasis>
|
||
. Small and vertical; one promarginal tooth and five retromarginal teeth (smaller).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,881,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,316,1297,1323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Elongated, longer than carapace, roughly oblanceolate, dorsally covered by scutum over entire length, AAP and PAP separated by deep constriction anterior of abdomen middle, both parts connected by narrow bridge; AAP oblong, narrower than carapace, posterior margin convex; PAP obovate, as wide as carapace, in lateral view orbicular and higher and more bulging than AAP.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,881,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,262,1436,1462]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Formula 4312, margins femora II-IV and tibia I-III subparallel, margins femora I conspicuously convex, broadest in middle, margins tibia IV slightly convex, broadest in middle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,881,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,253,1505,1531]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Palp</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[269,394,1505,1532]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1613,1637]" captionTargetBox="[178,1418,201,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-23@6.[170,1418,181,1589]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Genitalia of Fluda dauca sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar1758): A. Ventral view; B. Retrolateral view. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar1027): C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view, cleared; E. Ventral view, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745342/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Figs 5A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). RTA long, spine-shaped, length 40% of tarsus length, directed towards outer tarsus margin in retrolateral view; bulb simple, oval, with stiff, robust, prolaterally emerging embolus without complete circular revolution around the bulb, tips of RTA and embolus sclerotized; tegulum ventrally projected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,881,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,573,1609,1635]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
|
||
Description of female
|
||
<typeStatus box="[466,573,1609,1635]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(IBSI-Ar1027) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[765,886,1609,1635]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,777,801]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,237,754]" captionTargetId="figure-41@5.[170,1418,237,754]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitus of Fluda dauca sp. nov. A. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal; B. Idem, lateral; C. Female paratype, dark form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; D. Idem, lateral; E. Female paratype, orange form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; F. Idem, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745340/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Figs 4E–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length 3.54, carapace length 1.64, width 0.95, carapace index 57.93; cephalic width 0.95, cephalic width index 100; sternum length 0.70, width 0.40, sternum index 57.14; abdomen length 1.90, maximum width AAP 0.67, maximum width PAP 0.99, abdominal index (with posterior part) 52.10; pedicel length 0.11, width 0.30; dorsal sclerite length 1.90, epigastric sclerite length 0.41, width 0.68, ventral sclerite absent, inframamillary sclerite absent; AER 0.96, AME-AME 0.037, AME-ALE 0.05, PER 0.97, PME-PME 0.85, PME-PE 0.17.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,881,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Integument (color, microsculpture and setae) as in male except femora I with setae at ventral margin sparser and macrosetae tibia I v2-2-2-2. Carapace shape as in male. Femora I less broadened and dorsal margin less strongly carinated than in male. Abdomen broader than in male.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,881,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,297,1921,1947]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Epigyne</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[315,439,1921,1948]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1613,1637]" captionTargetBox="[178,1418,201,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-23@6.[170,1418,181,1589]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Genitalia of Fluda dauca sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar1758): A. Ventral view; B. Retrolateral view. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar1027): C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view, cleared; E. Ventral view, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745342/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Figs 5C–E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Relatively long (notable separation between anterior pocket or margin and epigastric furrow, greater than the separation between the COs), with round lateral openings and relatively short CDs with few loops; carina with a concavity posteriorly directed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745342" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7745342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745342/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="69" startId="6.[151,250,1613,1637]" targetBox="[178,1418,201,1573]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1436,1613,1674]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,275,1613,1637]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[407,536,1613,1637]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[407,536,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">Fluda dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[542,622,1613,1637]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[542,622,1613,1637]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar1758): A. Ventral view; B. Retrolateral view. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar1027): C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view, cleared; E. Ventral view, cleared.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1437,1719,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,319,1719,1745]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Sexual dimorphism in femora I shape and abdomen width, male femora I more convex and abdomen narrower, particularly AAP. Depth of abdominal constriction varied in both sexes according to the nutritional status (in females likely also to the reproductive status). Adults of both sexes with two color forms, dark brown blackish (
|
||
<quantity box="[160,196,1827,1853]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="1.0">1m</quantity>
|
||
/1f) and orange (
|
||
<quantity box="[387,426,1827,1853]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="8.0">8m</quantity>
|
||
/1f); in dark brown forms area between AAP and PAP black, in orange forms whitish (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation box="[151,335,1863,1889]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,777,801]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,237,754]" captionTargetId="figure-41@5.[170,1418,237,754]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitus of Fluda dauca sp. nov. A. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal; B. Idem, lateral; C. Female paratype, dark form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; D. Idem, lateral; E. Female paratype, orange form (IBSI-Ar1027), dorsal; F. Idem, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745340/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">Figs 4A, 4C, 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male macrosetae tibia I in male variable:
|
||
<typeStatus box="[816,914,1863,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
v (p1-1-1) and
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1088,1189,1863,1890]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1196,1292,1864,1890]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
v (p1-1-1-1) (remaining as
|
||
<typeStatus box="[311,414,1899,1925]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Ontogenetic shifts remain to be investigated as no juveniles were collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1437,1719,2034]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,465]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,703,1935,1961]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">Geographical and ecological distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[713,858,1935,1961]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[713,858,1935,1961]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">Fluda dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[869,962,1935,1961]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[869,962,1935,1961]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is known from the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1197,1245,1936,1962]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in Villa Tunari (
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[242,390,1971,1997]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
|
||
Dept.) and Buena Vista (
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[684,811,1971,1997]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
Dept.), which are both situated in Southwest Amazon rainforest (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[272,340,2007,2033]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1034,1058]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,386,1007]" captionTargetId="figure-112@3.[151,1436,381,1011]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bolivia (A), study area and ecoregion distribution (B) of Bolivian species of Fluda, according to the regionalization by Navarro & Ferreira (2007); map produced with QGIS (version 2.14.3, http://www.qgis.org/en/site). 1. Villa Teresa, La Paz Dept.; 2. Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; 3. Cafetal, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; C. Habitat of F. thuruampara sp. nov. in Bolivian Yungas forest, Villa Teresa; D. Habitat of F. dauca sp. nov. in Southwest Amazon forest, Villa Tunari." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745336/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="69">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Navarro, G. & Ferreira, W." box="[509,805,2007,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="69" pagination="250000" refId="ref8429" refString="Navarro, G. & Ferreira, W. (2007) Mapa de Sistemas Ecologicos de Bolivia, escala 1: 250000. RUMBOL SRL-The Nature Conservancy (TNC), Bolivia. [Edicion CD ROM]" type="journal article" year="2007">Navarro & Ferreira (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the ecosystem of Villa Tunari is considered Sub-Andean Chapare forest and of Buena Vista, Sub-Andean Southwest Amazon rainforest (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1054,1125,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1034,1058]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,386,1007]" captionTargetId="figure-112@3.[151,1436,381,1011]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bolivia (A), study area and ecoregion distribution (B) of Bolivian species of Fluda, according to the regionalization by Navarro & Ferreira (2007); map produced with QGIS (version 2.14.3, http://www.qgis.org/en/site). 1. Villa Teresa, La Paz Dept.; 2. Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; 3. Cafetal, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; C. Habitat of F. thuruampara sp. nov. in Bolivian Yungas forest, Villa Teresa; D. Habitat of F. dauca sp. nov. in Southwest Amazon forest, Villa Tunari." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745336/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Southwest Amazon forest is part of the Amazonian-Guayan Superregion (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rivas-Martinez, S. & Navarro, G. & Penas, A. & Costa, M." box="[683,990,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" pagination="21 - 40" refId="ref8982" refString="Rivas-Martinez, S., Navarro, G., Penas, A. & Costa, M. (2011) Biogeographic map of South America. A preliminary survey. International Journal of Geobotanical Research, 1, 21 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.5616 / ijgr 110002" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Rivas-Martínez
|
||
<emphasis box="[866,923,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[1008,1150,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1008,1150,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fluda dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1158,1248,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1158,1248,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was collected in primary forest and early successional forests in small tree-fall gaps, close to the edge of primary forest.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[1295,1436,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1295,1436,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fluda dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,242,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[151,242,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was observed in the same microhabitats as
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Taczanowski, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Taczanowski" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[744,1316,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synemosyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myrmeciaformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[744,1072,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Synemosyna myrmeciaformis</emphasis>
|
||
(Taczanowski, 1871)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Peckham & Peckham, 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Peckham & Peckham" baseAuthorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Erica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eugenia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Erica eugenia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Peckham, G. W. & Peckham, E. G." box="[256,579,295,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 84" refId="ref8626" refString="Peckham, G. W. & Peckham, E. G. (1892) Ant-like spiders of the family Attidae. Occasional Papers of the Natural History Society of Wisconsin, 2 (1), 1 - 84." type="journal article" year="1892">Peckham & Peckham, 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. On isolated trees in adjacent, more disturbed forest and secondary forest,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2020" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,673,331,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sympolymnia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shinahota">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,419,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Sympolymnia shinahota</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Perger, R. & Rubio, G. D." box="[426,673,331,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" pagination="781 - 795" refId="ref8767" refString="Perger, R. & Rubio, G. D. (2020) Sympolymnia, a new genus of Neotropical ant-like spider, with description of two new species and indirect evidence for transformational mimicry (Araneae, Salticidae, Simonellini). Zoosystematics and Evolution, 96 (2), 781 - 795. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zse. 96.55210" type="journal article" year="2020">Perger & Rubio, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1436,151,465]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,313,366,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Behavior.</emphasis>
|
||
Erratic locomotory behavior with frequent stops and waiving of first pair of legs. When disturbed, the males exhibited an agonistic display by moving their face towards the thread, with the first pair of legs widely extended in an angle of about 45° (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[543,720,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,345,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-106@10.[170,1418,345,1277]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Living habitus of Fluda spp. and potential ant models. Fluda thuruampara sp. nov.: A–C. Males; D. Female; E. Camponotus sanctaefidei Dalla Torre, 1892, minor worker, Villa Teresa, La Paz Dept.; F. Camponotus latangulus Roger, 1863, minor worker, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; G. Odontomachus sp., Villa Teresa, La Paz Dept.; H. Crematogaster pusillus Klug, 1824, minor worker, Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; F. dauca sp. nov.: I–K. Males; L. Female, dark form." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745352/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Figs 8I, 8K, 8L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |