125 lines
14 KiB
XML
125 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="B8DFFAE9F2425B4E6254D70599C4B8F6" ID-CLB-Dataset="298463" ID-DOI="10.25226/bboc.v143i1.2023.a2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6028cf6b-e944-40d1-b774-7caa1c970409" ID-ISSN="2513-9894" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11642130" ID-ZooBank="805136AB-F3FE-4C77-85AC-E37423156B6D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1718072374117" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bishop, K. David" docDate="2023" docId="03AB878AFFFDE109A38FFE74FF18FEBC" docLanguage="en" docName="BullBritOrnitholClub.143.1.3-62.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 143 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EFA7F293C51FD4806C5290561C16F223.1:BullBritOrnitholClub.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="EFA7F293C51FD4806C5290561C16F223" docStyleName="BullBritOrnitholClub.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Symposiachrus brehmii" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FF92FFF2FFD2E139A31FFFF7FFCAFF80" masterDocTitle="The avifauna of Biak Island, Papua, Indonesia with comments on status, conservation, natural history and taxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="3" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1718322499255" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:title id="9B008393D4725B94A69640D0DABEB934">The avifauna of Biak Island, Papua, Indonesia with comments on status, conservation, natural history and taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="40C8DA84294239CD10410654A87929FD">Bishop, K. David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D26B174CF135EB8DE8267D8A874689AC">Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0761AC974959EA8FA4554DF14FBA5411">
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<mods:date id="D2B966B8C4A56923FA990733C52B2DA2">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9894C922FDEB3D9E1CBC944BD5A5CE18">2023-03-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="59630B7080476E74CF8598711C09C154">143</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5FD8EDFC1A6B2C61925251A6C69233D0" type="DOI">10.25226/bboc.v143i1.2023.a2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AB878AFFFDE109A38FFE74FF18FEBC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11646189" ID-GBIF-Taxon="232753118" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11646189" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB878AFFFDE109A38FFE74FF18FEBC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB878AFFFDE109A38FFE74FF18FEBC" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="C3186517FFFDE116A38FFE74FCF8FE1B" box="[144,818,387,412]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBD369CFFFDE116A38FFE74FCF8FE1B" blockId="47.[144,1165,387,993]" box="[144,818,387,412]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D0F581F0FFFDE116A38FFE74FCF8FE1B" box="[144,818,387,412]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A38FFE74FEAEFE1B" bold="true" box="[144,356,387,411]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">BIAK MONARCH</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A26FFE74FDB9FE1C" box="[368,627,387,412]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D1FFFFDE116A26FFE74FDAAFE1B" ID-CoL="53SBS" authority="(Schlegel, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[368,608,387,411]" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" genus="Symposiachrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brehmii">Symposiachrus brehmii</taxonomicName>
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#
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</emphasis>
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RR, Endangered
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3186517FFFDE109A38FFE51FF18FEBC" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBD369CFFFDE116A38FFE51FEB2FE3E" blockId="47.[144,1165,387,993]" box="[144,376,422,446]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A38FFE51FF13FE3E" bold="true" box="[144,217,422,446]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">Range</emphasis>
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Biak, Supiori.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD369CFFFDE109A38FFE3EFE55FF79" blockId="47.[144,1165,387,993]" lastBlockId="48.[144,1164,129,316]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A38FFE3EFF12FE61" bold="true" box="[144,216,457,481]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">Status</emphasis>
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Endemic species.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B6DFFFDE116A2BDFE3EFD57FE61" author="Rand & Gilliard" box="[418,669,457,481]" firstAuthor="Rand" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" refId="ref33379" refString="Rand, A. L. & Gilliard, E. T. 1967. Handbook of New Guinea birds. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London." type="book" year="1967">Rand & Gilliard (1967)</bibRefCitation>
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stated that ‘it seems a very rare bird, at least in collections, and to have been met with by few naturalists’. The
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<typeStatus id="54B9883EFFFDE116A074FE1EFC04FD81" box="[875,974,489,513]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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was collected by von Rosenberg in
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<date id="FFBC105CFFFDE116A244FDFEFE17FDA1" box="[347,477,521,545]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" value="1869-03">March 1869</date>
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on Supiori (Schlegel 1871,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B6DFFFDE116A014FDFEFC3AFDA1" author="von Rosenberg" box="[779,1008,521,545]" firstAuthor="von Rosenberg" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" refId="ref33464" refString="von Rosenberg, C. B. H. 1875. Reistochten naar de Geelvinkbaai of Nieuw-Guinea in de Jaren 1869 en 1870. Martinus Nijhoff, ' S Gravenhage." type="book" year="1875">von Rosenberg 1875</bibRefCitation>
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). In
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<date id="FFBC105CFFFDE116A73FFDFEFB46FDA1" box="[1056,1164,521,545]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" value="1875-05">May 1875</date>
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a male was collected at Korrido by Beccari (Salvadori 1875). Not met with by Ripley (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B6DFFFDE116A751FDDEFE11FDE1" author="Mayr & Meyer de Schauensee" firstAuthor="Mayr" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref32895" refString="Mayr, E. & Meyer de Schauensee, R. 1939. Zoological results of the Denison-Crockett Expedition to the South Pacific for the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1937 - 1938. Part I. The birds of the island of Biak. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 91: 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1939">Mayr & Meyer de Schauensee 1939</bibRefCitation>
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). Until 1982 only the adult male (
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<figureCitation id="13392A19FFFDE116A04EFDBEFC56FDE1" box="[849,924,585,609]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="47.[144,205,1648,1667]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,1028,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-442@47.[144,1164,1028,1636]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 13. Male Biak Monarch Symposiachrus brehmii, Biak, 5 July 2017 (© Daniel Lopez-Velasco)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11642166" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11642166/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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) had been described. On
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<date id="FFBC105CFFFDE116A3A4FD9EFEF3FD01" box="[187,313,617,641]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" value="1982-07-08">8 July 1982</date>
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KDB observed a bird in a lichen-covered, limestone river-bed at
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A73AFD9DFBE5FD01" box="[1061,1071,618,641]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">c</emphasis>
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.
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<quantity id="4CFA9B79FFFDE116A72DFD9EFBA7FD00" box="[1074,1133,617,641]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
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in dense lowland forest on the south coast of Supiori. A characteristic, grating monarchine flycatcher-type call was heard and eventually KDB had a clear view of a large, bold, chunky monarch. Its overall plumage was jet black with a large white throat and upper breast patch. The relatively long tail was edged orange-brown as were the coverts and flight feathers, forming an incomplete patch. We suggest that this was the previously undescribed female or juvenile plumage. The bird was constantly active, moving between perches, hawking and hover-gleaning in the subcanopy
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A151FCBDFD92FCE1" box="[590,600,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">c</emphasis>
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.
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<quantity id="4CFA9B79FFFDE116A143FCBEFD53FCE0" box="[604,665,841,865]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
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up. In
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<date id="FFBC105CFFFDE116A1E8FCBEFC46FCE1" box="[759,908,841,865]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" value="1997-01">January 1997</date>
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SvB observed a male in a mixed flock with a female
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D1FFFFDE116A119FC9EFD33FC01" baseAuthorityName="Lesson & Garnot" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[518,761,873,897]" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" genus="Carterornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysomela">
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A119FC9EFD33FC01" box="[518,761,873,897]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">Carterornis chrysomela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, two
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D1FFFFDE116A05FFC9EFBD9FC01" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1843" box="[832,1043,873,897]" class="Aves" family="Dicruridae" genus="Dicrurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bracteatus">
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A05FFC9EFBD9FC01" box="[832,1043,873,897]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">Dicrurus bracteatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D1FFFFDE116A73BFC9EFF37FC21" baseAuthorityName="Vieillot" baseAuthorityYear="1818" class="Aves" family="Rhipiduridae" genus="Rhipidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufiventris">
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A73BFC9EFF37FC21" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">Rhipidura rufiventris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and Biak Leaf Warbler
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D1FFFFDE116A11DFC7EFD10FC20" box="[514,730,905,928]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Seicercus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="misoriensis">
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A11DFC7EFD10FC20" box="[514,730,905,928]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">Seicercus misoriensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Thereafter the species was very rarely seen until
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A217FC5DFED8FC41" box="[264,274,938,961]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">c</emphasis>
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.2000 when visitors to Biak greatly increased and local guides learnt where to find it. Although recorded in well-developed lowland forest in southern Biak and primary lowland forest on Supiori, we postulate that this scarce species prefers hill forest and is best searched for in mixed flocks of insectivores. Categorised as globally Endangered by BirdLife International (2021) we concur with Beehler & Pratt (2016) that it may be better classified as Vulnerable.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF7D6614FFFDE116A38FF987FBD1F903" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11642166" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11642166" box="[144,1051,1648,1668]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11642166/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" startId="47.[144,205,1648,1667]" targetBox="[144,1164,1028,1633]" targetPageId="47" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BBD369CFFFDE116A38FF987FBD1F903" blockId="47.[144,1051,1648,1668]" box="[144,1051,1648,1668]" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">
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Figure 13. Male Biak Monarch
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D1FFFFDE116A2ACF987FD7FF903" authority=", Biak" authorityName="Biak" box="[435,693,1648,1668]" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" genus="Symposiachrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brehmii">
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFFDE116A2ACF987FDB4F903" box="[435,638,1648,1667]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="49">Symposiachrus brehmii</emphasis>
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, Biak
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</taxonomicName>
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, 5 July 2017 (© Daniel Lopez-Velasco)
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BBD369CFFE2E109A38FFEF4FF18FEBC" blockId="48.[144,1164,129,316]" pageId="48" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE2E109A38FFEF4FF33FE9B" bold="true" box="[144,249,259,283]" pageId="48" pageNumber="50">Breeding</emphasis>
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<date id="FFBC105CFFE2E109A3E0FEF3FEB0FE9C" box="[255,378,259,284]" pageId="48" pageNumber="50" value="2009-07-09">9 July 2009</date>
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: family party including two young in south-east Biak (Brickle & Tizard 2009).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |