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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.72.39339" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58ccbb9b-77c5-467c-ada3-1144c7787f28" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-72-83" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8A644B2448E0561280E1C1D6E3605D88" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3532349" ID-ZooBank="FF31285C684D4A64AB2B19BB98EF604E" ModsDocID="1314-2607-72-83" checkinTime="1572595423860" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liston, Andrew, Mutanen, Marko &amp; Viitasaari, Matti" docDate="2019" docId="E78E26A1D1DA509E9881AD8DC694273B" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 72: 83-126" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 72" docPubDate="2019-10-31" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.72.39339" docTitle="Heterarthrus kamtchaticus , species revocata" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="8A644B2448E0561280E1C1D6E3605D88" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="8A644B2448E0561280E1C1D6E3605D88" masterDocTitle="On the taxonomy of Heterarthrus (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), with a review of the West Palaearctic species" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="83" pageNumber="98" updateTime="1678753298854" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>On the taxonomy of Heterarthrus (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), with a review of the West Palaearctic species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Liston, Andrew</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1278-424X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374 Muencheberg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">andrew.liston@senckenberg.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mutanen, Marko</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4464-6308</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, PO. Box 3000, FI- 90014 University of Oulu, Finland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Viitasaari, Matti</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Alkutie 41 E, 00660 Helsinki, Finland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2019-10-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>72</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>83</mods:start>
<mods:end>126</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.72.39339</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.72.39339</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-72-83</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FF31285C684D4A64AB2B19BB98EF604E</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">8A644B2448E0561280E1C1D6E3605D88</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3532349</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="160104960" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E78E26A1D1DA509E9881AD8DC694273B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E78E26A1D1DA509E9881AD8DC694273B" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="98" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicName LSID="E78E26A1-D1DA-509E-9881-AD8DC694273B" authority="(Malaise, 1931), species revocata" authorityName=", species revocata" baseAuthorityName="Malaise" baseAuthorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Heterarthrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterarthrus kamtchaticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamtchaticus">Heterarthrus kamtchaticus (Malaise, 1931), species revocata</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="98" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Malaise" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phyllotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllotoma kamtchatica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamtchatica">Phyllotoma kamtchatica</taxonomicName>
Malaise, 1931: 29. Syntypes ♀, in NHRS (lectotype designated below). Type locality: Russia, Kamtchatka, Elisowo.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicName authorityName=", species revocata" baseAuthorityName="Malaise" baseAuthorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Heterarthrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterarthrus kamtchaticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamtchaticus">Heterarthrus kamtchaticus</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation author="Lindqvist, E" journalOrPublisher="Notulae Entomologicae" pageId="31" pageNumber="114" pagination="38 - 48" refId="B40" refString="Lindqvist, E, 1969. Blattwespen-Studien (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Notulae Entomologicae 49: 38 - 48" title="Blattwespen-Studien (Hymenoptera, Symphyta)." volume="49" year="1969">Lindqvist (1969)</bibRefCitation>
: synonymised with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. vagans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="vagans">H. vagans</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fallén">Fallen</normalizedToken>
, 1808).
<bibRefCitation author="Ermolenko, VM" editor="Ler, PA" journalOrPublisher="Akademija nauk SSSR, Dal'nevostochnyj nauchnyj centr, Biologo-pochvennyj institut, Vladivostok" pageId="30" pageNumber="113" pagination="3 - 10" refId="B20" refString="Ermolenko, VM, 1981. K faune pilil'shhikov (Hymenoptera, Symphyta)s evernyh Kuril'skih ostrovov. In: Ler, PA, Kupyanskaya, AN, Lelej, AS, Fedikova, VS, Eds., Pereponchatokrylye dal'nego vostoka. Akademija nauk SSSR, Dal'nevostochnyj nauchnyj centr, Biologo-pochvennyj institut, Vladivostok: 3 - 10" title="K faune pilil'shhikov (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) s evernyh Kuril'skih ostrovov." volumeTitle="Pereponchatokrylye dal'nego vostoka." year="1981">Ermolenko (1981)</bibRefCitation>
: treated as valid species, recorded from Kuriles, associated with
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alnus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alnus</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2580.1.1" author="Taeger, A" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="33" pageNumber="116" pagination="1 - 1064" refId="B70" refString="Taeger, A, Blank, SM, Liston, AD, 2010. World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 2580: 1 - 1064, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2580.1.1" title="World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2580.1.1" volume="2580" year="2010">Taeger et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
: Listed as synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. vagans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="vagans">H. vagans</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fallén">Fallen</normalizedToken>
, 1808)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Haris" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Heterarthrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterarthrus aihinoensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aihinoensis">Heterarthrus aihinoensis</taxonomicName>
Haris, 2006: 193. Holotype ♀, in HNHM (examined). Type locality: Russia, Kuriles, Aihino. Syn. nov.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="98" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="98">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">Lectotype</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Malaise" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phyllotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllotoma kamtchatica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamtchatica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">Phyllotoma kamtchatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, here designated: ♀ &quot;Kamtschatka Malaise&quot;,
<normalizedToken originalValue="“E”">&quot;E&quot;</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Typus”">&quot;Typus&quot;</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="“NHRS-HEVA000001264”">&quot;NHRS-HEVA000001264&quot;</normalizedToken>
, &quot;Syntype
<taxonomicName authorityName="Malaise" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phyllotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllotoma kamtchatica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamtchatica">Phyllotoma kamtchatica</taxonomicName>
Malaise, 1931 teste Taeger &amp; Vardal 2011&quot; (NHRS). Paralectotype: ♀, labels as for lectotype, but:
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Paratypus”">&quot;Paratypus&quot;</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="“NHRS-HEVA000001265”">&quot;NHRS-HEVA000001265&quot;</normalizedToken>
(NHRS).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">Holotype</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Haris" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Salicaceae" genus="Heterarthrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterarthrus aihinoensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aihinoensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">Heterarthrus aihinoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: ♀
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Szovjetunió">&quot;Szovjetunio</normalizedToken>
, Kuril-szigetek, Kunasir-sziget, Aihino&quot;, 30.vii.1973. leg. Ermolenko&quot;, &quot;Holotypus
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Haris" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Salicaceae" genus="Heterarthrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterarthrus aihinoensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aihinoensis">Heterarthrus aihinoensis</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<bibRefCitation author="Haris, A" journalOrPublisher="Natura Somogyiensis" pageId="30" pageNumber="113" pagination="187 - 200" refId="B26" refString="Haris, A, 2006. Sawflies from Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Natura Somogyiensis 9: 187 - 200" title="Sawflies from Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)." volume="9" year="2006">Haris 2006</bibRefCitation>
&quot;, &quot;Hungarian Natural History Museum
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
Coll. Budapest&quot;,
<normalizedToken originalValue="“DEI-GISHym31973”">&quot;DEI-GISHym31973&quot;</normalizedToken>
(HNHM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="98">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">
The coloration of female
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fallen" baseAuthorityYear="1808" class="Insecta" family="Salicaceae" genus="Heterarthrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterarthrus vagans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">Heterarthrus vagans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is highly variable (see under that name).
<bibRefCitation author="Lindqvist, E" journalOrPublisher="Notulae Entomologicae" pageId="31" pageNumber="114" pagination="38 - 48" refId="B40" refString="Lindqvist, E, 1969. Blattwespen-Studien (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Notulae Entomologicae 49: 38 - 48" title="Blattwespen-Studien (Hymenoptera, Symphyta)." volume="49" year="1969">Lindqvist (1969)</bibRefCitation>
examined the syntypes of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. kamtchatica" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="kamtchatica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">P. kamtchatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and concluded that these are indistinguishable from very dark-coloured females of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. vagans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="vagans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">H. vagans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. He also observed that nearly completely dark-bodied female
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. vagans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="vagans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">H. vagans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur in Finland, and wrote that [translated from German] &quot;While the abdomen of the nominate form of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. vagans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="vagans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">H. vagans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is completely or mostly reddish-yellow, in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. kamtchaticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="kamtchaticus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">H. kamtchaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
this is so extensively black, that at most the base of the venter is slightly pale. All other body parts as well as the wings are similarly darker than in the nominate form&quot;. He also examined the lancets of the
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. kamtchatica" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="kamtchatica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">P. kamtchatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
types, and found no differences to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. vagans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="vagans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">H. vagans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We disagree with parts of his statement: The
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. kamtchatica" pageId="15" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="kamtchatica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="98">P. kamtchatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
types show no trace of pale colour on
<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="99" start="start">the</pageBreakToken>
basal abdominal sterna, the head has a pale pattern which is as extensive as any examined
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. vagans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="vagans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. vagans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females, but slightly differently distributed (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 41–48" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 41 - 48. Heterarthrus 41 - 46 H. fiora ♀: 41, 42 head dorsal at different viewing angles, holotype 43 DEI-GISHym 83900 lateral 44, 45 DEI-GISHym 83900 sawsheath dorsal, lateral 46 DEI-GISHym 31977 antenna 47, 48 head frontal ♀: 47 H. vagans DEI-GISHym 11091 48 H. kamtchaticus (H. aihinoensis holotype). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.72.39339.figures41-48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/351584" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" tableDoi="10.3897/jhr.72.39339.figures41-48">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
), the fore wing is basally smoky up to about the level of the pterostigma and less so at the apex (whereas the fore wing of
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">vagans</emphasis>
is uniformly smoky), and the tegulae are paler than the rest of thorax (always black in examined
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. vagans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="vagans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. vagans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, apart from a specimen from Corsica). Perhaps more significantly, female
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. kamtchaticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="kamtchaticus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. kamtchaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have smaller eyes than
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. vagans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="vagans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. vagans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: malar space of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. kamtchaticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="kamtchaticus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. kamtchaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
0.27-0.33
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
height of eye, in
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">vagans</emphasis>
0.18-0.22
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
height of eye. Furthermore, unlike Lindqvist, we did observe differences between the shape of the lancet sawteeth: in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. kamtchaticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="kamtchaticus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. kamtchaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they are longer in proportion to their height, the denticles more numerous, with basal denticle smaller and more acute, and the basal and median teeth are less widely separated from each other (compare
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 49–54" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 49 - 54. Heterarthrus 49, 50 lancets: 49 H. vagans DEI-GISHym 31974 50 H. kamtchaticus HEVA- 1264 51 - 54 H. vikbergi sp. nov. ♀ DEI-GISHym 83572: 51 lateral 52 head frontal 53 head dorsal 54 abdomen apex ventral. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.72.39339.figures49-54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/351585" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" tableDoi="10.3897/jhr.72.39339.figures49-54">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
with
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 49–54" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 49 - 54. Heterarthrus 49, 50 lancets: 49 H. vagans DEI-GISHym 31974 50 H. kamtchaticus HEVA- 1264 51 - 54 H. vikbergi sp. nov. ♀ DEI-GISHym 83572: 51 lateral 52 head frontal 53 head dorsal 54 abdomen apex ventral. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.72.39339.figures49-54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/351585" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" tableDoi="10.3897/jhr.72.39339.figures49-54">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
). These differences are significantly greater than the range of infraspecific variability normally encountered in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Salicaceae" genus="Heterarthrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterarthrus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">Heterarthrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Probably, these two taxa are indeed closely related. Genetic data, currently lacking for
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. kamtchaticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="kamtchaticus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. kamtchaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, should help to clarify their relationship, but for the present, it seems preferable to treat them as separate species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="99">
Perhaps because its coloration is somewhat similar to female
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. ochropoda" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="ochropoda">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. ochropoda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Haris, A" journalOrPublisher="Natura Somogyiensis" pageId="30" pageNumber="113" pagination="187 - 200" refId="B26" refString="Haris, A, 2006. Sawflies from Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Natura Somogyiensis 9: 187 - 200" title="Sawflies from Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)." volume="9" year="2006">Haris (2006)</bibRefCitation>
compared
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. aihinoensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="aihinoensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. aihinoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to that species, rather than
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. vagans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="vagans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. vagans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although the sawsheath shape of the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. aihinoensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="aihinoensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. aihinoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype strongly resembles the latter. We found only one difference between the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. aihinoensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="aihinoensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. aihinoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype and the
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. kamtchatica" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="kamtchatica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">P. kamtchatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
types: the tegulae of the former are slightly paler. This single difference does not seem likely to be significant. Even the colour pattern of their faces is very similar. Accordingly, we propose the synonymy of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. aihinoensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="aihinoensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. aihinoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. kamtchaticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="kamtchaticus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">H. kamtchaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="99" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="99">Host plants and biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="99">
Associated by
<bibRefCitation author="Ermolenko, VM" editor="Ler, PA" journalOrPublisher="Akademija nauk SSSR, Dal'nevostochnyj nauchnyj centr, Biologo-pochvennyj institut, Vladivostok" pageId="30" pageNumber="113" pagination="3 - 10" refId="B20" refString="Ermolenko, VM, 1981. K faune pilil'shhikov (Hymenoptera, Symphyta)s evernyh Kuril'skih ostrovov. In: Ler, PA, Kupyanskaya, AN, Lelej, AS, Fedikova, VS, Eds., Pereponchatokrylye dal'nego vostoka. Akademija nauk SSSR, Dal'nevostochnyj nauchnyj centr, Biologo-pochvennyj institut, Vladivostok: 3 - 10" title="K faune pilil'shhikov (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) s evernyh Kuril'skih ostrovov." volumeTitle="Pereponchatokrylye dal'nego vostoka." year="1981">Ermolenko (1981)</bibRefCitation>
with an
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alnus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="99">Alnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, because adults were collected from this.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="99" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="99">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="99">
Kamtchatka (
<bibRefCitation author="Malaise, R" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen zur Larvalsystematik der Insekten" pageId="32" pageNumber="115" refId="B51" refString="Malaise, R, 1931. Entomologische Ergebnisse der schwedischen Kamtchatka Expedition 1920-1922. (35. Tenthredinidae). [Separatum]. Arkiv foer Zoologi 23 (2[A8]): 1-68." title="Entomologische Ergebnisse der schwedischen Kamtchatka Expedition 1920 - 1922. (35. Tenthredinidae). [Separatum]. Arkiv foer Zoologi 23 (2 [A 8]): 1 - 68." year="1931">Malaise 1931</bibRefCitation>
), Kuriles (
<bibRefCitation author="Ermolenko, VM" editor="Ler, PA" journalOrPublisher="Akademija nauk SSSR, Dal'nevostochnyj nauchnyj centr, Biologo-pochvennyj institut, Vladivostok" pageId="30" pageNumber="113" pagination="3 - 10" refId="B20" refString="Ermolenko, VM, 1981. K faune pilil'shhikov (Hymenoptera, Symphyta)s evernyh Kuril'skih ostrovov. In: Ler, PA, Kupyanskaya, AN, Lelej, AS, Fedikova, VS, Eds., Pereponchatokrylye dal'nego vostoka. Akademija nauk SSSR, Dal'nevostochnyj nauchnyj centr, Biologo-pochvennyj institut, Vladivostok: 3 - 10" title="K faune pilil'shhikov (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) s evernyh Kuril'skih ostrovov." volumeTitle="Pereponchatokrylye dal'nego vostoka." year="1981">Ermolenko 1981</bibRefCitation>
), and possibly north-east China (
<bibRefCitation author="Wei, M" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Jishou University (Natural Science Edition)" pageId="33" pageNumber="116" pagination="6 - 10" refId="B72" refString="Wei, M, 1998. Study on the Tribe Heterarthrini of China (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Journal of Jishou University (Natural Science Edition) 19: 6 - 10" title="Study on the Tribe Heterarthrini of China (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)." volume="19" year="1998">Wei 1998</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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