151 lines
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151 lines
16 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.340.6295" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6e16c587-763b-4ccc-8767-360ae1e78d1f" ID-PMC="PMC3800799" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-340-63" ID-PubMed="24146592" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-340-63" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 340" ModsDocTitle="A reclassification of the millipede superfamily Trichopolydesmoidea, with descriptions of two new species from the Aegean region (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)" checkinTime="1451246826732" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Golovatch, Sergei I." docDate="2013" docId="42BF35D077E12550760A8FFC8740AB0C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 340: 63-78" docOrigin="ZooKeys 340" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.340.6295" docTitle="Trichopolydesmidae Verhoeff 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="F559FFCFFFB0D432EC1BFFC1FF95E815" masterDocTitle="A reclassification of the millipede superfamily Trichopolydesmoidea, with descriptions of two new species from the Aegean region (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)" masterLastPageNumber="78" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1668156608162" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A reclassification of the millipede superfamily Trichopolydesmoidea, with descriptions of two new species from the Aegean region (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Golovatch, Sergei I.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>340</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>63</mods:start>
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<mods:end>78</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.340.6295</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.340.6295</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-340-63</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152048681" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:42BF35D077E12550760A8FFC8740AB0C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/42BF35D077E12550760A8FFC8740AB0C" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="72" start="start">Family</pageBreakToken>
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Trichopolydesmidae" authority="Verhoeff, 1910" authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1910" family="Trichopolydesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Trichopolydesmidae Verhoeff, 1910</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="72" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Body polydesmoid, only exceptionally paraterga deeply lobulate laterally. Sphaerotrichomes only rarely present. Antennomere 5 sometimes devoid of sensilla distodorsally. Sphaerotrichomes only sometimes present.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
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Gonopod aperture large, transversely oval, with exposed to deeply sunken gonocoxae. Gonocoxae subglobose, usually with normal, tube-shaped cannulae, from small to rather large while telopodites from strongly exposed to concealed inside a considerable central gonocoel; prefemoral portion tends to be orientated transversely to main body axis, only occasionally somewhat to clearly shortened and thus resembling the condition observed in
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<taxonomicName genus="Polydesmoidea" lsidName="Polydesmoidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="genus">Polydesmoidea</taxonomicName>
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; acropodite tri-, bi- or uniramous, usually directed cephalad or cephalomesad; solenomere mostly evident, simple, only seldom a short tooth, more often long, distal in location, either stout or slender/flagelliform. Normally neither an accessory seminal chamber nor a hairy pulvillus, only exceptionally with a primordial accessory seminal chamber.
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Macrosternodesmidae" genus="Caucasodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caucasodesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Caucasodesmus</taxonomicName>
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Golovatch, 1985 (Caucasus and Crimea) is aberrant in having no sensilla on antennomeres 5 and no cannulae or seminal grooves.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
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Type genus:
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Trichopolydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichopolydesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trichopolydesmus</taxonomicName>
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Verhoeff, 1898.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
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The family
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<taxonomicName family="Mastigonodesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Mastigonodesmidae</taxonomicName>
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Attems, 1914, based on
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Polydesmidae" genus="Mastigonodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mastigonodesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mastigonodesmus</taxonomicName>
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Silvestri, 1898 (ca 8 eight species in the western Mediterranean), is sometimes regarded as a synonym of
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<taxonomicName family="Polydesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Polydesmidae</taxonomicName>
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Leach, 1815 (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hoffman, RL" journalOrPublisher="Museum d'histoire naturelle, Geneve" pageId="11" pageNumber="74" title="Classification of the Diplopoda." year="1980">Hoffman 1980</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Simonsen, Ǻ" journalOrPublisher="Museum of Zoology, University of Bergen" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" title="Phylogeny and biogeography of the millipede order Polydesmida, with special emphasis on the suborder Polydesmidea." year="1990">Simonsen 1990</bibRefCitation>
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), apparently because the gonopod prefemoral part is shortened, but, due to globose gonocoxae and a peculiar, parabasal, long and coiled solenomere, it seems to be far more similar to that in trichopolydesmoids. The
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<taxonomicName family="Mastigonodesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Mastigonodesmidae</taxonomicName>
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seems to also contain the monobasic genus
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Ingurtidorgius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ingurtidorgius" order="Polydesmida" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ingurtidorgius</taxonomicName>
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, which is sometimes treated as a subfamily of its own, because its male shows a peculiar hook on the mentum and totally suppressed lamellae linguales, coupled with a non-coiled, but flagelliform solenomere. Since the latter character is shared with
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Trichopolydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichopolydesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trichopolydesmus</taxonomicName>
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, contrary to some recent opinions (
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<bibRefCitation author="Mauries, JP" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire naturelle de Toulouse" pageId="11" pageNumber="74" pagination="103 - 110" title="Le genre Galliocookia Ribaut, 1954. Deux especes nouvelles des grottes de l'Ardeche et du Gard (Myriapoda, Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." volume="119" year="1983">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mauriès">Mauries</normalizedToken>
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1983
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="11" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 8" title="The millipede genus Caucasodesmus Golovatch, 1985, with the description of a new species from the Crimea, Ukraine (Polydesmida, Diplopoda, Trichopolydesmidae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.93.1159" volume="93" year="2011">Golovatch 2011</bibRefCitation>
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), it seems best to also merge
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<taxonomicName family="Mastigonodesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Mastigonodesmidae</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName family="Trichopolydesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Trichopolydesmidae</taxonomicName>
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, syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
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The same applies to the family
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<taxonomicName family="Macrosternodesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Macrosternodesmidae</taxonomicName>
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, which basically fails to differ from
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<taxonomicName family="Trichopolydesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Trichopolydesmidae</taxonomicName>
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, but simply tends to encompass quite a few genera with small to medium-sized, invariably globose gonocoxae and strongly exposed, often complex telopodites. Since the purely Nearctic nominate family
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<taxonomicName family="Nearctodesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Nearctodesmidae</taxonomicName>
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shares the gonopod conformation with
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<taxonomicName family="Macrosternodesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Macrosternodesmidae</taxonomicName>
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, and it has sometimes been treated as only a subfamily or even a possible synonym of the latter family, I am inclined to treat these two latter families as synonyms of
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<taxonomicName family="Trichopolydesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Trichopolydesmidae</taxonomicName>
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as well,syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
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<bibRefCitation author="Shelley, RM" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" pagination="470 - 495" title="The milliped family Nearctodesmidae in northwestern North America, with accounts of Sakophallus and S. simplex (Chamberlin) (Polydesmida)." url="10.1139/z94-066" volume="72" year="1994">Shelley (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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gave a detailed morphological description of nearctodesmids and revived their family status, contrary to
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<bibRefCitation author="Hoffman, RL" editor="Parker, SP" journalOrPublisher="McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York & St. Louis" pageId="11" pageNumber="74" pagination="689 - 724" title="Diplopoda." year="1982">Hoffman (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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who had synonymized the
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<taxonomicName family="Nearctodesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Nearctodesmidae</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName family="Macrosternodesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Macrosternodesmidae</taxonomicName>
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. Later, however, apparently following
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<bibRefCitation author="Shelley, RM" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" pagination="470 - 495" title="The milliped family Nearctodesmidae in northwestern North America, with accounts of Sakophallus and S. simplex (Chamberlin) (Polydesmida)." url="10.1139/z94-066" volume="72" year="1994">Shelley (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Hoffman, RL" journalOrPublisher="Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication Number" pageId="11" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 584" title="Checklist of the millipeds of North and Middle America." volume="8" year="1999">Hoffman (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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also considered the
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<taxonomicName family="Nearctodesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Nearctodesmidae</taxonomicName>
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as a distinct family.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="73">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="73" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
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diversity of gonopod structural plans in nearctodesmids+macrosternodesmids (
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<bibRefCitation author="Shelley, RM" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" pagination="470 - 495" title="The milliped family Nearctodesmidae in northwestern North America, with accounts of Sakophallus and S. simplex (Chamberlin) (Polydesmida)." url="10.1139/z94-066" volume="72" year="1994">Shelley 1994</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Shear, WA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" pagination="51 - 68" title="The milliped genus Tidesmus Chamberlin, 1943 (Polydesmida: Macrosternodesmidae)." volume="1656" year="2007">Shear and Shelley 2007</bibRefCitation>
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) appears to be quite modest and uniform, since all of their constituent genera such as
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Nearctodesmidae" genus="Nearctodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nearctodesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="10" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nearctodesmus</taxonomicName>
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Silvestri, 1910,
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Nearctodesmidae" genus="Kepolydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kepolydesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="10" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kepolydesmus</taxonomicName>
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Chamberlin, 1910,
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Nearctodesmidae" genus="Bistolodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bistolodesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="10" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bistolodesmus</taxonomicName>
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Shelley, 1994,
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" genus="Tidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="10" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tidesmus</taxonomicName>
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Chamberlin, 1943 etc. show clearly transverse and elongated prefemoral portions which are set subrectangular to the subparallel, usually bi- or triramous, elaborate, normally clearly curved and well exposed acropodites. The gonocoel if any is moderate at most. According to
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<bibRefCitation author="Shear, WA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" pagination="51 - 68" title="The milliped genus Tidesmus Chamberlin, 1943 (Polydesmida: Macrosternodesmidae)." volume="1656" year="2007">Shear and Shelley (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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, the differences between these
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“families”">"families"</normalizedToken>
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lie only in the number and location of branches on the acropodite, a distinction that by far fails to exceed the diversity of gonopod plans observed among the South American fuhrmannodesmids alone (
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<bibRefCitation author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Amazoniana" pageId="11" pageNumber="74" pagination="131 - 161" title="Further new Fuhrmannodesmidae from the environs of Manaus, Central Amazonia, Brazil, with a revision of Cryptogonodesmus Silvestri, 1898 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." volume="13" year="1994">Golovatch 1994</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="73" type="contents and distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="73">Contents and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="73">
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Thus refined, the
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<taxonomicName family="Trichopolydesmidae" lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="73" rank="family">Trichopolydesmidae</taxonomicName>
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currently contains ca 20 genera and about 60 species in the Holarctic, as well as ca 55 genera and about 80 species in the tropics.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |