221 lines
26 KiB
XML
221 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="02009CB1B2B0A3C21D290EAE40AD514F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5377883" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5377883" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630283634281" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Bonis, Louis de" docDate="2005" docId="03F987EDB153335AFF59FE17FC067535" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.2005.27.4.567-590.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 27 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:94524207C6714CF92F879FE43E306202.3:Geodiversitas.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleId="94524207C6714CF92F879FE43E306202" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Thalassictis spelaea" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="576" masterDocId="FFC0FF95B15B3353FFEAFB7BFFA57730" masterDocTitle="Carnivora (Mammalia) from the late Miocene of Akkaşdağı, Turkey" masterLastPageNumber="589" masterPageNumber="567" pageNumber="575" updateTime="1699213647940" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F8FC7DB0CC00C3FBCF912D69259F5DF0">
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<mods:title id="24052DD4CF85E268F08E9B0C5F4D5D35">Carnivora (Mammalia) from the late Miocene of Akkaşdağı, Turkey</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="271F887E6DA0CFA5600110ED6BE35B73" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C3168F9391649A31088D3F32648A0B01">Bonis, Louis de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3AEB0952FE6878CC510A112DB3653A00">Laboratoire de Géobiologie, Biochronologie et Paléontologie humaine, UMR 6046 du CNRS, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du recteur Pineau, F- 86022 Poitiers (France) louis. debonis @ univ-poitiers. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="10DACB7FB3653758289AB3CBD03896B3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A763A6989F0E216E946B49BA2A4644B6">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E5DDAFF8B9599252DFEA56A8EB0ED35A">
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<mods:date id="4DC433C996EF0389AF55201AF9CAD721">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FD11081C3F9CBBDF22A796D990ED5D67">27</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CAC2EC3745699912A1F55E137F050494">567</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0A29F1590B4BF69E8AC8542ABB95907D">589</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="1F9717DAD199B46AA4ABFF1DB136E244" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5377883</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DA431F04B769C01A749F868FCA646713" type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E51B177F0889A8151FC8B785C7F0DA26" type="Zenodo-Dep">5377883</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F987EDB153335AFF59FE17FC067535" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F987EDB153335AFF59FE17FC067535" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F987EDB153335AFF59FE17FC067535" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">
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<subSubSection id="C34A6570B153335BFF59FE17FDE172B5" box="[179,580,1388,1413]" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB153335BFF59FE17FDE172B5" blockId="8.[113,646,1388,1701]" box="[179,580,1388,1413]" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">
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<heading id="D0A78197B153335BFF59FE17FDE172B5" box="[179,580,1388,1413]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B153335BFF59FE17FDE172B5" authority="(Semenov, 1988)" baseAuthorityName="Semenov" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[179,580,1388,1413]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Thalassictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spelaea">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B153335BFF59FE17FE2672B5" bold="true" box="[179,387,1388,1413]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">Thalassictis spelaea</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB153335BFE79FE17FD9972B5" author="SEMENOV Y. A." box="[403,572,1388,1413]" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" pagination="49 - 59" refId="ref14229" refString="SEMENOV Y. A. 1988. - Ictitherium spelaeum sp. n. (Carnivora, Viverridae) du Sarmatien moyen d'Ukraine. Vestnik Zoologii 4: 49 - 59." type="journal article" year="1988">Semenov, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34A6570B153335BFF9BFEECFDD972E6" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB153335BFF9BFEECFDC0729E" blockId="8.[113,646,1388,1701]" box="[113,613,1431,1454]" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4011D5B153335BFF9BFEECFDC0729E" box="[113,613,1431,1454]" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF110EAB153335BFF9BFEECFE58729E" author="SEMENOV Y. A." box="[113,509,1431,1454]" page="46" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" year="1988">
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B153335BFF9BFEECFE58729E" authority="Semenov, 1988: 46" authorityName="Semenov" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="1988" box="[113,509,1431,1454]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Ictitherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spelaeum">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B153335BFF9BFEECFE93729E" box="[113,310,1431,1454]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">Ictitherium spelaeum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB153335BFED6FEECFE58729E" author="SEMENOV Y. A." box="[316,509,1431,1454]" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" pagination="49 - 59" refId="ref14229" refString="SEMENOV Y. A. 1988. - Ictitherium spelaeum sp. n. (Carnivora, Viverridae) du Sarmatien moyen d'Ukraine. Vestnik Zoologii 4: 49 - 59." type="journal article" year="1988">Semenov, 1988: 46</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF110EAB153335BFDEDFEECFDFA729E" author="SEMENOV Y. A." box="[519,607,1431,1454]" page="66" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" year="1989">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB153335BFDEDFEECFDFA729E" author="SEMENOV Y. A." box="[519,607,1431,1454]" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref14261" refString="SEMENOV Y. A. 1989. - [Ictither es neo gen es d'URSSs. Akademia Nauk Ukrainiskoi CCP: 1 - 178 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1989">1989: 66</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB153335BFF9BFEC4FDD972E6" blockId="8.[113,646,1388,1701]" box="[113,636,1471,1494]" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B153335BFF9BFEC4FE8772E6" baseAuthorityName="Semenov" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[113,290,1471,1494]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Thalassictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spelaea">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B153335BFF9BFEC4FE8772E6" box="[113,290,1471,1494]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">Thalassictis spelaea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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– Werdelin F Solounias 1991: 47.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34A6570B153335AFF9BFE93FED272B5" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB153335BFF9BFE93FF1F7128" blockId="8.[113,646,1388,1701]" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">MATERIAL. — Right half mandible (AKK-114) with p1-m1.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB153335BFF9BFD57FC357335" blockId="8.[113,646,1388,1701]" lastBlockId="8.[676,1210,1004,1701]" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">
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A right hemi-mandible (AKK-114) with p1-m1 differs from all the other carnivores from Akkaşdagwı. The size is similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B153335BFDFBFD17FF417195" authorityName="Roth F Wagner" authorityYear="1854" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Ictitherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viverrinum">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B153335BFDFBFD17FF417195" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">Ictitherium viverrinum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but the morphology is clearly different. DESCRIPTION (
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<figureCitation id="136B2A7EB153335BFCAFF897FC227335" box="[837,903,1004,1029]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[676,687,842,859]" captionTargetBox="[684,1213,214,801]" captionTargetId="figure-1981@8.[676,1260,152,811]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 8. — Thalassictis spelaea (Semenov, 1988), fragment of right mandible p1-m1, Akkaşdağı, late Miocene (Turolian), Turkey; A, buccal view; B, lingual view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5377899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5377899/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">FIG. 8</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB153335AFD4EFF77FECD7695" blockId="8.[676,1210,1004,1701]" lastBlockId="9.[113,646,204,421]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">
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The corpus mandibulae is destroyed in the lingual face and the roots of the teeth are visible. It was quite shallow. The teeth are unworn but the enamel of p3 to m1 is marked by weathering. The premolars are larger and larger from p1 to p4. The p1, one-rooted, is small and the crown is slightly buccolingually flattened and slightly asymmetrical, the mesial part being a little small- er and more steeply inclined than the distal one. The p2 has a tiny lingually situated mesial accessory cuspid and a distal one followed by a tiny cingulum. The p3, almost symmetrical, has two developed accessory cuspids, the distal one with a cingulum lingually enlarged. The p4 is also symmetrical with two, mesial and distal, very well developed accessory cuspids, trefoil or felid-like profile, and a more developed distal cingulum (
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<figureCitation id="136B2A7EB153335BFD44FD57FD577175" box="[686,754,1580,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[676,687,842,859]" captionTargetBox="[684,1213,214,801]" captionTargetId="figure-1981@8.[676,1260,152,811]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 8. — Thalassictis spelaea (Semenov, 1988), fragment of right mandible p1-m1, Akkaşdağı, late Miocene (Turolian), Turkey; A, buccal view; B, lingual view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5377899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5377899/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="575">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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). The m1 has a high trigonid with the protoconid clearly taller than the paraconid and a reduced metaconid. A cingulum runs buccaly along the trigonid and the metaconid. The talonid is moderately reduced. The hypoconid is on a thin crest running from the distal face of the protoconid and joining distally the end of the cingulum together with a hypoconid small crest which is separated by a small notch from the tiny entoconid. The latter is separated from the metaconid by a deep notch.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB152335AFF9BFAB7FEAE76D4" blockId="9.[113,646,460,1701]" box="[113,267,460,485]" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">COMPARISONS</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB152335AFF9BFA97FDEB7595" blockId="9.[113,646,460,1701]" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">
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Some late Miocene hyaenid genera,
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFDC8FA97FEF97515" authority="Hay, 1921" authorityName="Hay" authorityYear="1921" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Chasmaporthetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFDC8FA97FF717515" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Chasmaporthetes</emphasis>
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Hay, 1921
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFE84F977FDD87515" authority="Hensel, 1861" authorityName="Hensel" authorityYear="1861" box="[366,637,524,549]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Lycyaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFE84F977FE717515" box="[366,468,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Lycyaena</emphasis>
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Hensel, 1861
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFF9BF957FE567575" authority="Semenov, 1989" authorityName="Semenov" authorityYear="1989" box="[113,499,556,581]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Miohyaenotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFF9BF957FE997575" box="[113,316,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Miohyaenotherium</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB152335AFEAFF957FE567575" author="SEMENOV Y. A." box="[325,499,556,581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref14261" refString="SEMENOV Y. A. 1989. - [Ictither es neo gen es d'URSSs. Akademia Nauk Ukrainiskoi CCP: 1 - 178 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1989">Semenov, 1989</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFDEEF957FE0E7555" authority="Viranta F Werdelin, 2003" authorityName="Viranta F Werdelin" authorityYear="2003" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Metahyaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFDEEF957FD237575" box="[516,646,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Metahyaena</emphasis>
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Viranta F Werdelin, 2003
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFE57F937FECE75B5" authority="Qiu, Huang F Guo, 1979" authorityName="Qiu, Huang F Guo" authorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Palinhyaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFE57F937FDE27555" box="[445,583,588,613]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Palinhyaena</emphasis>
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Qiu, Huang F Guo, 1979
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFE43F917FD8C75B5" box="[425,553,620,645]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Thalassictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFE43F917FD8C75B5" box="[425,553,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Thalassictis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, can be compared to the carnivores from Akkaşdagwı.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB152335AFF9BF9D7FE0975D5" blockId="9.[113,646,460,1701]" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">
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||
All the species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFEC0F9D7FE7275F5" authorityName="Hay" authorityYear="1921" box="[298,471,684,709]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Chasmaporthetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFEC0F9D7FE7275F5" box="[298,471,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Chasmaporthetes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are larger, more robust with robust dentition.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB152335AFF9BF997FDA873F5" blockId="9.[113,646,460,1701]" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">
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The
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<typeStatus id="54EB8859B152335AFF49F997FF747435" box="[163,209,748,773]" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">type</typeStatus>
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species of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFEAAF997FE3B7435" authorityName="Hensel" authorityYear="1861" box="[320,414,748,773]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Lycyaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFEAAF997FE3B7435" box="[320,414,748,773]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Lycyaena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFE41F997FF177415" authority="(Gaudry, 1861)" baseAuthorityName="Gaudry" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Lycyaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaeretis">
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||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFE41F997FE1F7435" box="[427,442,748,773]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">L</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFE2DF997FDBB7435" box="[455,542,748,773]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">chaeretis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB152335AFDC6F997FF0F7415" author="GAUDRY A." pageId="9" pageNumber="576" pagination="527 - 538" refId="ref12564" refString="GAUDRY A. 1861. - Note sur les carnassiers fossiles de Pikermi (Grece). Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France 18: 527 - 538." type="journal article" year="1861">Gaudry, 1861</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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</taxonomicName>
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, comes from the Greek locality Pikermi and is larger than AKK-114 (m1 =
|
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<quantity id="4CA89B1EB152335AFE2CF857FD8A7475" box="[454,559,812,837]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.66" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="26.6">26.6 mm</quantity>
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). In the mandible (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB152335AFF0CF837FED37455" author="GAUDRY A." box="[230,374,844,869]" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" pagination="527 - 538" refId="ref12564" refString="GAUDRY A. 1861. - Note sur les carnassiers fossiles de Pikermi (Grece). Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France 18: 527 - 538." type="journal article" year="1861">Gaudry 1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 15, figs 1, 2) the premolars, p3 and p4, are a little relatively taller but have the same accessory cuspids. We note that the mesial cuspid of the p4 is more developed in the specimen itself than in the Gaudry’s drawing. The morphological characters of m1 match very well with AKK-114, particularly the pattern of the talonid. Nevertheless the metaconid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFDF9FF57FD237375" baseAuthorityName="Gaudry" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[531,646,1068,1093]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Lycyaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaeretis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFDF9FF57FD877375" box="[531,546,1068,1093]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFDC5FF57FD237375" box="[559,646,1068,1093]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">chaeretis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more reduced and the talonid is shorter (21.6% of the total length versus 26.3%). These two features are derived characters. Other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFF9BFFD7FF6A73F5" authorityName="Hensel" authorityYear="1861" box="[113,207,1196,1221]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Lycyaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFF9BFFD7FF6A73F5" box="[113,207,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Lycyaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are far larger than AKK-114.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB152335AFF9BFFB7FED272B5" blockId="9.[113,646,460,1701]" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFF9BFFB7FF177235" authority="(Simionescu, 1937)" baseAuthorityName="Simionescu" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Miohyaenotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bessarabicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFF9BFFB7FE4173D5" box="[113,484,1228,1253]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Miohyaenotherium bessarabicum</emphasis>
|
||
(Simionescu, 1937)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sole species of the genus, has a p3 without mesial accessory cuspid and the same cuspid in p4 is relatively smaller. The talonid of m1 is shorter (21.4 to 23.4% versus 26.3%) and the p4 is shorter relative to m1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34A6570B152335AFF9BFEF7FC067535" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB152335AFF9BFEF7FD817135" blockId="9.[113,646,460,1701]" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFF9BFEF7FD237295" authority="Viranta F Werdelin, 2003" authorityName="Viranta F Werdelin" authorityYear="2003" box="[113,646,1420,1445]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Metahyaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="confector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFF9BFEF7FEF17295" box="[113,340,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Metahyaena confector</emphasis>
|
||
Viranta F Werdelin, 2003
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs by the lack of accessory cuspids in p2 and p3, by the conical shape of the main cuspid of p4 and the greater width of the m1 talonid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB152335AFF9BFD77FE027195" blockId="9.[113,646,460,1701]" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">
|
||
The premolars of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFED0FD77FE197115" authorityName="Qiu, Huang F Guo" authorityYear="1979" box="[314,444,1548,1573]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Palinhyaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFED0FD77FE197115" box="[314,444,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Palinhyaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are taller, there is no accessory cuspid in p3 and the mesial accessory cuspid of p4 is relatively smaller. The metaconid of m1 is more reduced and the talonid is shorter (21% versus 26.3%).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB152335AFD4EFBB7FC067535" blockId="9.[676,1209,204,517]" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">
|
||
Two species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFC8DFBB7FC5777D5" box="[871,1010,204,229]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Thalassictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFC8DFBB7FC5777D5" box="[871,1010,204,229]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Thalassictis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFBECFBB7FB2777D5" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1850" box="[1030,1154,204,229]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Thalassictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFBECFBB7FBBD77D5" box="[1030,1048,204,229]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFBC1FBB7FB2777D5" box="[1067,1154,204,229]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">robusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFD4EFB97FCB57635" baseAuthorityName="Semenov" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[676,784,236,261]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Thalassictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spelaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFD4EFB97FD137635" box="[676,694,236,261]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFD2DFB97FCB57635" box="[711,784,236,261]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">spelaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, match AKK-114 by the size and the depth of the mandible under p3-p4 is quite the same. The two species have developed accessory cuspids on the premolars, more developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFD4EFA17FCAE76B5" baseAuthorityName="Semenov" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[676,779,364,389]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Thalassictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spelaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFD4EFA17FD1376B5" box="[676,694,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFD2EFA17FCAE76B5" box="[708,779,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">spelaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The proportions of the m1 are similar to those of AKK-114. I identify this mandible as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFD4EFAD7FCD476F5" baseAuthorityName="Semenov" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[676,881,428,453]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Thalassictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spelaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFD4EFAD7FCD476F5" box="[676,881,428,453]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">Thalassictis spelaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
despite the difference in the geological age, Vallesian for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B152335AFBE1FAB7FB2676D5" baseAuthorityName="Semenov" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[1035,1155,460,485]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyaenidae" genus="Thalassictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spelaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFBE1FAB7FBB876D5" box="[1035,1053,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B152335AFBDBFAB7FB2676D5" box="[1073,1155,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="576">spelaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Turolian for AKK-114.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |