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<mods:title id="0F0C4C4AD256F01BD12C9DC230AF785E">The genus Hoplothrips in Australia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae), with eleven new species</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF90272AFF2BFC7FFDB6D193" blockId="1.[151,521,945,972]" box="[151,521,945,972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<heading id="D0A781C4FF90272AFF2BFC7FFDB6D193" bold="true" box="[151,521,945,972]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFF2BFC7FFDB6D193" ID-CoL="636XS" authority="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[151,521,945,972]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF2BFC7FFDB6D193" bold="true" box="[151,521,945,972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF2BFC7FFE97D194" bold="true" box="[151,296,945,972]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Hoplothrips</emphasis>
Amyot &amp; Serville
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF90272AFF2BFC3BFBBCD655" blockId="1.[151,1027,1012,1038]" box="[151,1027,1012,1038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFF2BFC3BFDFDD655" ID-CoL="636XS" authority="Amyot &amp; Serville, 1843: 640" authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityPageNumber="640" authorityYear="1843" box="[151,578,1012,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF2BFC3BFEAED655" box="[151,273,1013,1037]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Hoplothrips</emphasis>
Amyot &amp; Serville, 1843: 640
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54EB880AFF90272AFDF7FC38FDC2D656" box="[587,637,1014,1038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFD6FFC3BFC40D655" ID-CoL="56M9Q" authority="De Geer 1773" authorityName="De Geer" authorityYear="1773" box="[723,1023,1013,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Thrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corticis">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFD6FFC3BFCD7D655" box="[723,872,1013,1037]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Thrips corticis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B59FF90272AFCD2FC38FC40D655" author="De Geer, C. F." box="[878,1023,1013,1037]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" refId="ref18256" refString="De Geer, C. F. (1773) Memoires pour servir a l'histoire des insectes. Tome Troisieme. L. L. Grefing, Stockholm [Hesselberg], VIII + 696 + 2 pp., 44 pls." type="book" year="1773">De Geer 1773</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF90272AFF2BFBF2FDEAD6C5" blockId="1.[151,1437,1083,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
Most species of
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFEEDFBF2FE67D60E" ID-CoL="636XS" authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[337,472,1084,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFEEDFBF2FE67D60E" box="[337,472,1084,1110]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Hoplothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected in
<collectingCountry id="F3477638FF90272AFDD6FBF5FD6ED60D" box="[618,721,1083,1109]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Australia</collectingCountry>
have been taken from dead branches, although
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFB53FBF2FA81D60E" ID-CoL="3MNCQ" authorityName="Mound &amp; Walker" authorityYear="1986" box="[1263,1342,1084,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oudeus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFB53FBF2FA81D60E" box="[1263,1342,1084,1110]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">oudeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFAF1FBF2FA23D60E" ID-CoL="3MNDZ" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[1357,1436,1084,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="woodsi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFAF1FBF2FA23D60E" box="[1357,1436,1084,1110]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">woodsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF2BFBAEFF69D622" bold="true" box="[151,214,1120,1146]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFF2BFBAEFF69D622" box="[151,214,1120,1146]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFEB6FBAEFED1D622" ID-CoL="6MDTH" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[266,366,1120,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wrightae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFEB6FBAEFED1D622" box="[266,366,1120,1146]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">wrightae</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFECFFBAEFE0DD622" bold="true" box="[371,434,1120,1146]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFECFFBAEFE0DD622" box="[371,434,1120,1146]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are known only from leaf litter samples. The species from
<collectingCountry id="F3477638FF90272AFB86FB91FB1ED621" box="[1082,1185,1119,1145]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Australia</collectingCountry>
discussed here exhibit a number of unusual structural features.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34A6523FF902729FF7BFB66FBDAD067" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="303" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF90272AFF7BFB66FB40D70A" blockId="1.[151,1437,1083,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF7BFB66FE8ED69A" box="[199,305,1192,1218]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Antennae</emphasis>
: all species have eight antennal segments, but one species has unusually prominent ring-like ridges near the base segment III (
<figureCitation id="136B2A2DFF90272AFE01FB05FDAFD6BE" box="[445,528,1227,1254]" captionStart="FIGURES 3145" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1924,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,196,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1435,196,1891]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 3145. Hoplothrips species antennae. (31) bellingeni; (32) corticis (IIIV); (33) giganteus; (34) lihongae; (35) lowdeni; (36) nelsoni; (37) oakeyi; (38) wrightae; (39) orientalis (IIIV); (40) poultoni; (41) reedi; (42) semicaecus female macroptera; (43) semicaecus female microptera; (44) semicaecus male microptera; (45) woodsi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602438/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
). However, this condition is found amongst several distantly related
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFAB6FB05FF01D751" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phlaeothripidae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B59FF90272AFF70FB21FE08D752" author="Mound, L. A. &amp; Tree, D. J." box="[204,439,1263,1290]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" pagination="476 - 494" refId="ref18783" refString="Mound, L. A. &amp; Tree, D. J. (2013) Fungus-feeding thrips from Australia in the worldwide genus Hoplandrothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa, 3700 (3), 476 - 494. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3700.3.8" type="journal article" year="2013">Mound &amp; Tree 2013</bibRefCitation>
, 2014;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B59FF90272AFDB4FB3EFD01D752" author="Eow, L. X. &amp; Mound, L. A. &amp; Tree, D. J. &amp; Cameron, S. L." box="[520,702,1264,1290]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" pagination="193 - 221" refId="ref18299" refString="Eow, L. X., Mound, L. A., Tree, D. J. &amp; Cameron, S. L. (2014) Australian species of spore-feeding Thysanoptera in the genera Carientothrips and Nesothrips (Phlaeothripidae: Idolothripinae). Zootaxa, 3821 (2), 193 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3821.2.2" type="journal article" year="2014">
Eow
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFDFEFB3EFDCBD752" box="[578,628,1264,1290]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
). Segment IV of macropterae of
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFB97FB3EFB14D751" baseAuthorityName="Uzel" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1067,1195,1264,1289]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semicaecus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFB97FB3EFB14D751" box="[1067,1195,1264,1289]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">semicaecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and of both macropterae and micropterae in
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFE0EFADAFD9DD776" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[434,546,1300,1326]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellingeni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFE0EFADAFD9DD776" box="[434,546,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">bellingeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFD97FADAFDD4D776" bold="true" box="[555,619,1300,1326]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFD97FADAFDD4D776" box="[555,619,1300,1326]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, bears ventrally many small sense cones (
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFBF7FADAFA9ED776" box="[1099,1313,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">sensilla basiconica</emphasis>
), although micropterae of
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFEFEFAF6FE7DD709" baseAuthorityName="Uzel" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[322,450,1336,1361]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semicaecus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFEFEFAF6FE7DD709" box="[322,450,1336,1361]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">semicaecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have segment IV with a reduced number of these structures (
<figureCitation id="136B2A2DFF90272AFBCCFAF9FB4BD70A" box="[1136,1268,1335,1362]" captionStart="FIGURES 3145" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1924,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,196,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1435,196,1891]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 3145. Hoplothrips species antennae. (31) bellingeni; (32) corticis (IIIV); (33) giganteus; (34) lihongae; (35) lowdeni; (36) nelsoni; (37) oakeyi; (38) wrightae; (39) orientalis (IIIV); (40) poultoni; (41) reedi; (42) semicaecus female macroptera; (43) semicaecus female microptera; (44) semicaecus male microptera; (45) woodsi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602438/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Figs 4244</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF90272AFF7BFA92FC6AD7C2" blockId="1.[151,1437,1083,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF7BFA92FE14D72E" box="[199,427,1372,1398]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Prosternal basantra</emphasis>
: this pair of sclerites is absent in most species of
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFC53FA92FBC9D72E" authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[1007,1142,1372,1398]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFC53FA92FBC9D72E" box="[1007,1142,1372,1398]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Hoplothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="136B2A2DFF90272AFB34FA95FAB2D72E" box="[1160,1293,1371,1398]" captionStart="FIGURES 2130" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1946,1971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,956,1927]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1435,956,1927]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 2130. Hoplothrips species. Head 2122 (21) wrightae female; (22) wrightae male. Prosternum 2330 (23) bellingeni; (24) fungosus; (25) lihongae; (26) lowdeni male; (27) tarsus; (28) wrightae; (29) reedi; (30) woodsi (Bbasantra; Fferna; Mmesoeusternum anterior margin)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602436/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Figs 23, 25</figureCitation>
) and related genera, but they are present in three species considered here (
<figureCitation id="136B2A2DFF90272AFCFAFAB1FC76D7C2" box="[838,969,1407,1434]" captionStart="FIGURES 2130" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1946,1971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,956,1927]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1435,956,1927]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 2130. Hoplothrips species. Head 2122 (21) wrightae female; (22) wrightae male. Prosternum 2330 (23) bellingeni; (24) fungosus; (25) lihongae; (26) lowdeni male; (27) tarsus; (28) wrightae; (29) reedi; (30) woodsi (Bbasantra; Fferna; Mmesoeusternum anterior margin)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602436/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Figs 24, 30</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF90272AFF7BFA6AFDAFD7BA" blockId="1.[151,1437,1083,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF7BFA6AFE38D7E6" box="[199,391,1444,1470]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Fore tarsal tooth</emphasis>
: this is present in males of all species considered here, but is absent in females of
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFA90FA6AFA23D7E6" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[1324,1436,1444,1470]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellingeni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFA90FA6AFA23D7E6" box="[1324,1436,1444,1470]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">bellingeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF2BFA06FF68D7BA" bold="true" box="[151,215,1480,1506]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFF2BFA06FF68D7BA" box="[151,215,1480,1506]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF58FA06FE97D7B9" box="[228,296,1480,1505]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">tarsus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFE8CFA06FED0D7BA" bold="true" box="[304,367,1480,1506]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">sp. n.</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFE19FA06FDB6D7BA" authorityName="Moulton" authorityYear="1928" box="[421,521,1480,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fungosus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFE19FA06FDB6D7BA" box="[421,521,1480,1506]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">fungosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF90272AFF7BFA22FB24D472" blockId="1.[151,1437,1083,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF7BFA22FEC4D45D" box="[199,379,1516,1542]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Metanotal setae</emphasis>
: the median pair of setae is usually small and acute, but in one species these setae are capitate (
<figureCitation id="136B2A2DFF90272AFF1CF9C1FF4CD472" box="[160,243,1551,1578]" captionStart="FIGURES 5366" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1927,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,196,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1435,196,1888]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 5366. Hoplothrips species. Metanotum &amp; pelta 5354 (53) oudeus; (54) woodsi. (55) tarsus pelta. (56) lamingtoni tergite II. Male sternite VIII pore plate 5764 (57) corticis; (58) lihongae; (59) wrightae; (60) oakeyi; (61) reedi; (62) melanurus (VIIVIII); (63) poultoni; (64) woodsi. Male sternites 6566 (65) giganteus (VII); (66) melanurus (VVI)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602442" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602442/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
), and in another species the metanotum bears several pairs of minor setae (
<figureCitation id="136B2A2DFF90272AFB86F9C1FB31D472" box="[1082,1166,1551,1578]" captionStart="FIGURES 4652" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1626,1651]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,174,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1435,174,1606]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 4652. Hoplothrips species—metanotum &amp; pelta. (46) bellingeni; (47) corticis; (48) giganteus; (49) lamingtoni; (50) melanurus; (51) oakeyi; (52) orientalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602440" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602440/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF90272AFF7BF9FAFBA2D42A" blockId="1.[151,1437,1083,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF7BF9FAFE4AD416" box="[199,501,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Fore wing duplicated cilia</emphasis>
: macropterae of most species in this genus have these cilia, but they are absent in four species considered here (
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFE59F996FDF6D42A" authorityName="Moulton" authorityYear="1928" box="[485,585,1624,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fungosus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFE59F996FDF6D42A" box="[485,585,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">fungosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFDEBF996FD00D429" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1919" box="[599,703,1624,1649]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Trichothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="connexus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFDEBF996FD00D429" box="[599,703,1624,1649]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">connexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFD71F996FCB9D42A" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[717,774,1624,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reedi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFD71F996FCB9D42A" box="[717,774,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">reedi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFCB1F996FCF3D42A" bold="true" box="[781,844,1624,1650]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFCB1F996FCF3D42A" box="[781,844,1624,1650]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFC3EF996FC79D429" box="[898,966,1624,1649]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">tarsus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFC72F996FBB2D42A" bold="true" box="[974,1037,1624,1650]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">sp. n.</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF90272AFF7BF9B2FB6ED486" blockId="1.[151,1437,1083,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF7BF9B2FD78D4CD" box="[199,711,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Tergites IIVII sigmoid wing-retaining setae</emphasis>
: macropterae usually have two pairs of such setae on tergites IIVII, but these setae are absent on all tergites in
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFD78F96EFD42D4E2" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[708,765,1696,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reedi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFD78F96EFD42D4E2" box="[708,765,1696,1722]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">reedi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFCBEF96EFCFED4E2" bold="true" box="[770,833,1696,1722]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFCBEF96EFCFED4E2" box="[770,833,1696,1722]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; they are absent on tergite VII in
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFB08F96EFA9ED4E1" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[1204,1313,1696,1721]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giganteus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFB08F96EFA9ED4E1" box="[1204,1313,1696,1721]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFA9BF96EFAD9D4E2" bold="true" box="[1319,1382,1696,1722]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFA9BF96EFAD9D4E2" box="[1319,1382,1696,1722]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; and only one pair is sigmoid on each tergite in
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFDC9F90AFD01D486" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[629,702,1732,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oakeyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFDC9F90AFD01D486" box="[629,702,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">oakeyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFD79F90AFCBCD486" box="[709,771,1732,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFD79F90AFD42D486" bold="true" box="[709,765,1732,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">sp. n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFCAEF90AFCCBD486" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[786,884,1732,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lihongae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFCAEF90AFCCBD486" box="[786,884,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">lihongae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFCC7F90AFC06D486" box="[891,953,1732,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFCC7F90AFC0CD486" bold="true" box="[891,947,1732,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">sp. n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFC74F90AFB93D486" authorityName="Moulton" authorityYear="1928" box="[968,1068,1732,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fungosus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFC74F90AFB93D486" box="[968,1068,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">fungosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFBDEF90AFB75D485" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1919" box="[1122,1226,1732,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Trichothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="connexus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFBDEF90AFB75D485" box="[1122,1226,1732,1757]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">connexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF90272AFF7BF926FD27D57E" blockId="1.[151,1437,1083,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF7BF926FDB6D55A" box="[199,521,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Male sternite VIII pore plate</emphasis>
: although present in most species (
<figureCitation id="136B2A2DFF90272AFC2FF929FBA9D55A" box="[915,1046,1767,1794]" captionStart="FIGURES 5366" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1927,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,196,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1435,196,1888]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 5366. Hoplothrips species. Metanotum &amp; pelta 5354 (53) oudeus; (54) woodsi. (55) tarsus pelta. (56) lamingtoni tergite II. Male sternite VIII pore plate 5764 (57) corticis; (58) lihongae; (59) wrightae; (60) oakeyi; (61) reedi; (62) melanurus (VIIVIII); (63) poultoni; (64) woodsi. Male sternites 6566 (65) giganteus (VII); (66) melanurus (VVI)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602442" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602442/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Figs 5764</figureCitation>
), this is absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFB63F926FAF0D55A" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[1247,1359,1768,1794]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellingeni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFB63F926FAF0D55A" box="[1247,1359,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">bellingeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFAEAF926FA29D55A" bold="true" box="[1366,1430,1768,1794]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFAEAF926FA29D55A" box="[1366,1430,1768,1794]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFF2BF8C2FF4FD57E" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,240,1804,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lowdeni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF2BF8C2FF4FD57E" box="[151,240,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">lowdeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFF4BF8C2FE89D57E" bold="true" box="[247,310,1804,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFF4BF8C2FE89D57E" box="[247,310,1804,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFEF8F8C2FE0ED57D" authority="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree, 2020" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[324,433,1804,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giganteus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFEF8F8C2FE0ED57D" box="[324,433,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFE04F8C2FE48D57E" bold="true" box="[440,503,1804,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21757C1FF90272AFE04F8C2FE48D57E" box="[440,503,1804,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFD91F8C2FD2ED57E" authorityName="Moulton" authorityYear="1928" box="[557,657,1804,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fungosus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFD91F8C2FD2ED57E" box="[557,657,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">fungosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF902729FF7BF8FEFB05D3F7" blockId="1.[151,1437,1083,2010]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,153,1079]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="303" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
As a result of the extensive structural diversity, the generic diagnosis given below involves many exceptions. Considered worldwide, one series of species in the genus has been referred to as the
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFBCCF89AFB70D536" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[1136,1231,1876,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fungi">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFBCCF89AFB70D536" box="[1136,1231,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">H. fungi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B59FF90272AFAF5F89DFF6CD5CA" author="Mound, L. A." pageId="1" pageNumber="302" pagination="137 - 152" refId="ref18581" refString="Mound, L. A. (2017) Intraspecific structural variation among Hawaiian Hoplothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae), with ten new synonymies and one new species. ZooKeys, 722, 137 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 722.22131" type="journal article" year="2017">Mound 2017</bibRefCitation>
), and this comprises at least seven species (
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFD08F8B6FCB7D5C9" authorityName="De Geer" authorityYear="1773" box="[692,776,1912,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Thrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corticis">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFD08F8B6FCB7D5C9" box="[692,776,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">corticis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFCAAF8B6FCDED5CA" box="[790,865,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">dubius</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFCD1F8B6FC18D5CA" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[877,935,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fungi">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFCD1F8B6FC18D5CA" box="[877,935,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">fungi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFC08F8B6FB9ED5C9" baseAuthorityName="Karny" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[948,1057,1912,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFC08F8B6FB9ED5C9" box="[948,1057,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFB92F8B6FBC9D5CA" baseAuthorityName="Hood" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1070,1142,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karnyi">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFB92F8B6FBC9D5CA" box="[1070,1142,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">karnyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFB3FF8B6FB51D5CA" baseAuthorityName="Ananthakrishnan" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[1155,1262,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFB3FF8B6FB51D5CA" box="[1155,1262,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFA9FF8B6FAEAD5CA" box="[1315,1365,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">ulmi</emphasis>
). This is essentially an Holarctic group, but at least four species from
<collectingCountry id="F3477638FF90272AFCE8F855FC04D5ED" box="[852,955,1947,1973]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Australia</collectingCountry>
share many character states with the members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFEADF80EFED3D582" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[273,364,1984,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fungi">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFEADF80EFED3D582" box="[273,364,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">H. fungi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex (
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFE5CF80EFDFDD582" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[480,578,1984,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lihongae">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFE5CF80EFDFDD582" box="[480,578,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">lihongae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFDF3F80EFD27D582" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[591,664,1984,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oakeyi">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFDF3F80EFD27D582" box="[591,664,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">oakeyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFD19F80EFCBDD582" authorityName="Bagnall &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="1929" box="[677,770,1984,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Trichothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poultoni">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFD19F80EFCBDD582" box="[677,770,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">poultoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFCB3F80EFCCCD582" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[783,883,1984,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wrightae">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFCB3F80EFCCCD582" box="[783,883,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">wrightae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and two others are also rather similar (
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF90272AFA94F80EFA2AD581" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[1320,1429,1984,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF90272AFA94F80EFA2AD581" box="[1320,1429,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FF2BFF57FEAFD2EB" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,272,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamingtoni">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FF2BFF57FEAFD2EB" box="[151,272,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">lamingtoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In three species discussed below the head is similar to that of members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FB0BFF57FB4ED2EB" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[1207,1265,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fungi">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FB0BFF57FB4ED2EB" box="[1207,1265,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">fungi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-complex, with elongate maxillary stylets that are close together medially (
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FC82FF73FC0BD28F" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1919" box="[830,948,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Trichothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FC82FF73FC0BD28F" box="[830,948,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">melanurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FC79FF73FBABD28F" authorityName="Mound &amp; Walker" authorityYear="1986" box="[965,1044,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oudeus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FC79FF73FBABD28F" box="[965,1044,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">oudeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FB98FF70FB1BD28F" baseAuthorityName="Uzel" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1060,1188,190,215]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semicaecus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FB98FF70FB1BD28F" box="[1060,1188,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">semicaecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), but each of these is distinguished by a singular autapomorphy. Similarly, despite being generally similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FBDFFF2CFB00D2A3" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[1123,1215,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fungi">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FBDFFF2CFB00D2A3" box="[1123,1215,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">H. fungi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, two species (
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FAE1FF2FFA2AD2A3" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[1373,1429,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reedi">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FAE1FF2FFA2AD2A3" box="[1373,1429,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">reedi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FF2BFEC8FF64D347" box="[151,219,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">tarsus</emphasis>
) have the remarkable condition of the notopleural sutures being incomplete anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="136B2A2DFF932729FB18FECBFB49D347" box="[1188,1270,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURES 1020" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1944,1969]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,337,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1435,337,1925]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 1020. Hoplothrips species—head and pronotum. (10) lowdeni male; (11) lowdeni female; (12) nelsoni male; (13) nelsoni female; (14) oakeyi female; (15) oakeyi male; (16) reedi male; (17) reedi pronotum; (18) melanurus pronotum; (19) tarsus; (20) semicaecus female macroptera." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602434/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). Finally, three species (
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FF46FEE7FED5D31B" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[250,362,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellingeni">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FF46FEE7FED5D31B" box="[250,362,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">bellingeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FEC6FEE4FE5ED31B" box="[378,481,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">convexus</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FE4CFEE7FDFED31B" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[496,577,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nelsoni">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FE4CFEE7FDFED31B" box="[496,577,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">nelsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) have the maxillary stylets wider apart than is typical of
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FB6FFEE7FAE5D31B" authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[1235,1370,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FB6FFEE7FAE5D31B" box="[1235,1370,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Hoplothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="136B2A2DFF932729FAD6FEE7FF7BD33F" captionStart="FIGURES 19" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1960,1985]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,174,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1435,174,1913]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 19. Hoplothrips species—head and pronotum. (1) bellingeni female; (2) bellingeni male; (3) corticis; (4) fungosus female aptera; (5) fungosus female macroptera; (6) fungosus male aptera; (7) giganteus; (8) lamingtoni; (9) lihongae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3602432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3602432/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Figs 18</figureCitation>
). Two of these are thus similar to some members of
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FCBDFE83FC27D33F" box="[769,920,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Psalidothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FCBDFE83FC27D33F" box="[769,920,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Psalidothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FBB1FE83FBC2D33F" authorityName="Mound &amp; Wang &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2020" box="[1037,1149,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellingeni">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FBB1FE83FBC2D33F" box="[1037,1149,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">bellingeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has antennae very similar in structure to
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FE81FEBCFE02D3D3" baseAuthorityName="Uzel" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[317,445,370,395]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semicaecus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FE81FEBCFE02D3D3" box="[317,445,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">semicaecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a species with a typical
<taxonomicName id="4C504D2BFF932729FD60FEBFFCDCD3D3" authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[732,867,369,395]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hoplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FD60FEBFFCDCD3D3" box="[732,867,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Hoplothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like head. It thus seems likely that there has been considerable structural homoplasy in the evolutionary radiation of these fungus-feeding thrips.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF932729FF7BFE77FBDAD067" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,1079]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">In addition to the many specimens listed as having been studied for this account, a further 25 Australian specimens have been examined but not identified. Each of these specimens could easily be assessed as representing a further undescribed species. The structural diversity within this genus is thus even greater and more complex than reported here, but will require far more extensive field work for a satisfactory analysis.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6523FF932729FF7BFD86FAE8D66F" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BEF36A8FF932729FF7BFD86FAE8D66F" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,1079]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
<emphasis id="B924EABAFF932729FF7BFD86FEFBD03B" bold="true" box="[199,324,584,611]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Large to medium sized thrips, macropterous, micropterous or apterous. Body surface usually with linear or weakly polygonal sculpture. Head variable, longer or shorter than wide, with reticulate sculpture basally; postocular setae well developed, pointed or capitate, varying between species from much longer to shorter than eye length; maxillary stylets long, at least retracted to postocular setae, usually close together medially but sometimes sub-parallel medially. Antennae 8-segmented, III with 3 or 2 sense cones, IV with 24 (usually 4). Pronotum usually with 5 pairs of major setae, pointed or capitate, but am and ml sometimes not developed; notopleural sutures complete, or rarely incomplete anterolaterally. Prosternal basantra usually absent, rarely present; mesopresternum variable, from boat-shaped to three or two plates, or even absent; mesoeusternal anterior margin usually entire but sometimes strongly eroded; metathoracic sternopleural sutures present. Mesonotum usually weakly reticulate, metanotum sometimes reticulate medially; fore tarsal tooth usually present in both sexes, but often absent in female; fore wings usually not constricted medially, duplicated cilia usually present. Pelta usually reticulate, shape variable, campaniform sensilla present; tergites IIVII each with two pairs (rarely one pair) of wing-retaining setae, but these are short and straight in wingless individuals; tube shorter than head, anal setae length variable; male sternite VIII usually with pore plate; males often with areas of specialized reticulation anterolaterally on several sternites.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>