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<document id="8F39EA9F4D6948748BF5FBD5ED0A8C4C" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.172.2.2" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5142351" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627483809772" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Sterrenburg, Frithjof A. S., Haan, Myriam De, Herwig, Wulf E. &amp; Hargraves, Paul E." docDate="2014" docId="03F987BC650DFFC1FF18B4E6FE5DF8DD" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.172.2.071-080.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 172 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.172.2.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Gyrosigma baculum Herwig &amp; Sterrenburg 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="76" masterDocId="FFC0FFC46508FFC4FF90B73CFFE4FFD1" masterDocTitle="Typification and taxonomy of Gyrosigma tenuissimum (W. Sm.) J. W. Griffith &amp; Henfr., comparison with Gyrosigma coelophilum N. Okamoto &amp; Nagumo and description of two new taxa: Gyrosigma tenuissimum var. gundulae var. nov. and Gyrosigma baculum sp. nov. (Pleurosigmataceae, Bacillariophyta)" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="71" pageNumber="76" updateTime="1699026049815" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="7943968AD361BF6CD6612F77BD8ED2F5">Typification and taxonomy of Gyrosigma tenuissimum (W. Sm.) J. W. Griffith &amp; Henfr., comparison with Gyrosigma coelophilum N. Okamoto &amp; Nagumo and description of two new taxa: Gyrosigma tenuissimum var. gundulae var. nov. and Gyrosigma baculum sp. nov. (Pleurosigmataceae, Bacillariophyta)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FAAF5F49B7424F54E987CC5F64B18526">Sterrenburg, Frithjof A. S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="71E02C4895FDCBE6456B5AE5BF57CE89">Stationsweg 158, Heiloo, The Netherlands. E-mail: fass @ wxs. nl (corresponding author)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FBEF62D8DCB8EDE79145B3D4B8FD0918">Haan, Myriam De</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="309AA606361927C26FF43BCFEBCFAA56">Botanic Garden Meise, Dept. Bryophytes - Thallophytes, Nieuwelaan 38, BE- 1860 Meise, Belgium. E-mail: myriam. dehaan @ br. fgov. be</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="043AF45A88503DB4B10912EFBC505655">Herwig, Wulf E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D3122F7288CAB1FCB0287EDBE6976F60">Freidingstrasse 11, 30559 Hannover, Germany. E-mail: WEHerwig @ arcor. de</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6101D6C410930CF21AA968C1F5BDDD85">Hargraves, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8BACE0EF60D2B0CE7422DFB22657E15B">Affiliate Research Professor, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University and Research Associate, Smithsonian Institution Marine Station, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA. E-mail: Dr. Pharg @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="FD05742D08D131A09DFE2FF87D777786">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9B8CEA88CEB9C6BEEA83C7E14A87DC5B">172</mods:number>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36AA650DFFC1FF18B4E6FC94FC25" blockId="5.[136,880,986,1013]" box="[136,880,986,1013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">
<heading id="D0A781C6650DFFC1FF18B4E6FC94FC25" box="[136,880,986,1013]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C504D29650DFFC1FF18B4E6FD9CFC25" authority="Herwig &amp; Sterrenburg" authorityName="Herwig &amp; Sterrenburg" authorityYear="2014" box="[136,632,986,1013]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Gyrosigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="baculum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FF18B4E6FE96FC24" bold="true" box="[136,370,986,1013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Gyrosigma baculum</emphasis>
Herwig &amp; Sterrenburg
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,
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<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FD13B4E7FD36FC25" box="[643,722,987,1012]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(Figs 2427)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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Valve linear, 8292 µm long, 5.56.0 µ wide, transverse striae circa
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10 µm, longitudinal striae circa
<quantity id="4CA89B4F650DFFC1FB59B31AFAC4FBED" box="[1225,1312,1062,1084]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" metricValueMax="9.398" metricValueMin="8.89" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" unit="in" value="36.0" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="35.0">3537 in</quantity>
10 µm, raphe sternum staff-shaped in its apical portion.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36AA650DFFC1FF18B352FBABFB76" blockId="5.[136,1452,1062,1192]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FF18B352FF5EFB52" bold="true" box="[136,186,1134,1155]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Type</emphasis>
:—
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<collectingCountry id="F347763A650DFFC1FF45B352FEF8FB52" box="[213,284,1134,1155]" name="Italy" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">ITALY</collectingCountry>
,
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,
<collectingRegion id="4994F848650DFFC1FE21B352FDE5FB55" box="[433,513,1134,1156]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
(
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<specimenCode id="DBF69ED1650DFFC1FDDBB352FD99FB55" box="[587,637,1134,1156]" collectionCode="BRM" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14903" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14903" name="Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" type="Herbarium">ZU 8</specimenCode>
/35!,
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, coordinates
<geoCoordinate id="EE64506D650DFFC1FC15B352FC32FB52" box="[901,982,1134,1155]" degrees="7.4" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" precision="5555" value="7.4">7.4 East</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE64506D650DFFC1FC4FB352FBD8FB55" box="[991,1084,1134,1156]" degrees="4.6" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" precision="5555" value="-4.6">4.6 South</geoCoordinate>
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FBD2B352FBB4FB52" bold="true" box="[1090,1104,1134,1155]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">=</emphasis>
Fig. 24; Fig 25 is another specimen from the same slide, isotype; collection
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FDADB3AEFD61FB76" box="[573,645,1170,1191]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Herwig</emphasis>
, isotype; collection
<taxonomicName id="4C504D29650DFFC1FCD7B3AEFC5DFB76" authority="Sterrenburg &amp; Haan &amp; Herwig &amp; Hargraves, 2014" authorityName="Sterrenburg &amp; Haan &amp; Herwig &amp; Hargraves" authorityYear="2014" box="[839,953,1170,1191]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" rank="variety" status="var. nov." variety="sterrenburg">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FCD7B3AEFC5DFB76" box="[839,953,1170,1191]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Sterrenburg</emphasis>
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#
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FC5BB3AEFC0BFB76" box="[971,1007,1170,1191]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">712</emphasis>
, isotype)
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.
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Valves very delicate, 8292 µm long, 5.56.0 µm wide, practically parallel-sided and straight for most of their length, becoming sigmoid near acute apex. Raphe sternum straight except near apices, where it first curves to dorsal side and then recurves on a strongly eccentric and sigmoid course. Striation (Fig. 26): transverse striae circa
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10 µm, longitudinal striae circa
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10 µm, becoming irregular at the apices (Fig. 27). No hyaline central area visible, central raphe node minute and elongated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6521650DFFC1FF2DB2B6FDB4FA3D" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BEF36AA650DFFC1FF2DB2B6FE24FA19" blockId="5.[136,1452,1238,1804]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FF2DB2B6FEACFA75" bold="true" box="[189,328,1418,1444]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The specific epithet baculum (“staff”) is chosen to describe the typical reversed curvature of the raphe sternum at the apices.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF36AA650DFFC1FF2DB2EEFDB4FA3D" blockId="5.[136,1452,1238,1804]" box="[189,592,1490,1516]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FF2DB2EEFEFDFA3D" bold="true" box="[189,281,1490,1516]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Habitat</emphasis>
:—Littoral-marine, benthic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6521650DFFC1FF2DB2CAFE5DF8DD" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" type="distribution">
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<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FF2DB2CAFEABF9C1" bold="true" box="[189,335,1526,1552]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Distribution</emphasis>
:—
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locality only.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF36AA650DFFC1FF2DB126FE5DF8DD" blockId="5.[136,1452,1238,1804]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FF2DB126FEB8F9E5" bold="true" box="[189,348,1562,1588]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Observations</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C504D29650DFFC1FE10B127FD80F9E5" authorityName="Herwig &amp; Sterrenburg" authorityYear="2014" box="[384,612,1562,1589]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Gyrosigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="baculum">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FE10B127FD80F9E5" box="[384,612,1562,1589]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Gyrosigma baculum</emphasis>
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differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C504D29650DFFC1FC90B127FC54F9E5" authorityName="Cleve" authorityYear="1894" baseAuthorityName="W. Sm." box="[768,944,1563,1589]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Gyrosigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="tenuissimum">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FC90B127FC54F9E5" box="[768,944,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">G. tenuissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in two independent characters: the different course of the raphe sternum and stria density.
<taxonomicName id="4C504D29650DFFC1FD2BB103FC47F989" authorityName="Herwig &amp; Sterrenburg" authorityYear="2014" box="[699,931,1598,1625]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Gyrosigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="baculum">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FD2BB103FC47F989" box="[699,931,1598,1625]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Gyrosigma baculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
somewhat resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C504D29650DFFC1FB3DB103FEBEF9AD" authority="Ricard (1975: 209" authorityName="Ricard" authorityYear="1975" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Gyrosigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="uncinatum">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FB3DB103FA4FF989" box="[1197,1451,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Gyrosigma uncinatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B5B650DFFC1FF18B15EFEBEF9AD" author="Ricard, M." box="[136,346,1634,1661]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" pagination="201 - 229" refId="ref5510" refString="Ricard, M. (1975) Quelques diatomees nouvelles de Tahiti decrites en microscopie photonique et electronique a balayage. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Botanique, 3 e ser., no 326, 23: 201 - 229." type="journal article" year="1975">Ricard (1975: 209</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 3) in valve contour and raphe sternum course but
<taxonomicName id="4C504D29650DFFC1FC41B15FFB8FF9AD" authorityName="Ricard" authorityYear="1975" box="[977,1131,1635,1661]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Gyrosigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="uncinatum">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FC41B15FFB8FF9AD" box="[977,1131,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">G. uncinatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has much coarser (
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10 µm) transverse striae, a value incompatible with the stria density of
<taxonomicName id="4C504D29650DFFC1FC02B1BBFBF2F971" authorityName="Herwig &amp; Sterrenburg" authorityYear="2014" box="[914,1046,1670,1697]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Gyrosigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="baculum">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FC02B1BBFBF2F971" box="[914,1046,1670,1697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">G. baculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. No
<typeStatus id="54EB8808650DFFC1FBC1B1BBFB65F970" box="[1105,1153,1671,1697]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
specimens for
<taxonomicName id="4C504D29650DFFC1FAA0B1BBFF1AF915" authorityName="Ricard" authorityYear="1975" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Gyrosigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="uncinatum">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FAA0B1BBFF1AF915" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Gyrosigma uncinatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been deposited in PC. No specimens have been isolated for
<taxonomicName id="4C504D29650DFFC1FC70B197FB86F915" authorityName="Herwig &amp; Sterrenburg" authorityYear="2014" box="[992,1122,1706,1733]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Gyrosigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="baculum">
<emphasis id="B924EAB8650DFFC1FC70B197FB86F915" box="[992,1122,1706,1733]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">G. baculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for SEM examination as it is very rare in the
<typeStatus id="54EB8808650DFFC1FEA4B1F3FE80F938" box="[308,356,1743,1769]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
material, but the LM findings of raphe sternum course and stria densities already permit separation from the described species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>