350 lines
40 KiB
XML
350 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="512D52A5415F1A4CAD9584923B619E33">The Genus Pustulatirus Vermeij and Snyder, 2006 (Gastropoda: Fasciolariidae: Peristerniinae) in the Western Atlantic, with Descriptions of Three New Species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="45C11B2A2BF6044E0EEA9A3EE4A26EA5">Lyons And Martin Avery Snyder, William G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="18FBAC2637B4B07AE7B8791AFCABC30E">2013</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D90078D221EC7277FA9C07EF0CFBA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6162506" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127663709" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6162506" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D90078D221EC7277FA9C07EF0CFBA9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D90078D221EC7277FA9C07EF0CFBA9" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D221EC7377FA9C07EA8DFB6C" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9C07EC74FBE1" blockId="2.[151,608,1050,1109]" box="[151,608,1050,1076]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<heading id="D0870602D221EC7377FA9C07EC74FBE1" bold="true" box="[151,608,1050,1076]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377FA9C07EC74FBE1" ID-CoL="78P75" authority="Reeve, 1847" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1847" box="[151,608,1050,1076]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9C07EC74FBE1" bold="true" box="[151,608,1050,1076]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9C07EFA5FBE1" bold="true" box="[151,433,1050,1076]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Pustulatirus attenuatus</emphasis>
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(Reeve, 1847)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9C20EF3AFB80" blockId="2.[151,608,1050,1109]" box="[151,302,1085,1109]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="134BADEBD221EC7377F39C20EF32FB80" box="[158,294,1085,1109]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Figures 5–7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9C98EA8DFB6C" blockId="2.[151,1436,1157,1609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377FA9C98EFE6FB4E" authority="Reeve, 1847" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1847" box="[151,498,1157,1179]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9C98EF73FB4E" box="[151,359,1157,1179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Turbinella attenuata</emphasis>
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Reeve, 1847
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</taxonomicName>
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: pl. 13, fig. 69. Reeve, 1860: 121; Krebs,1864: 16; Kobelt in Küster and Kobelt, 1876: 101, 102, pl. 24, fig. 5; Dall, 1885: 314; Clench
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7375119CB8ECBCFB6F" box="[636,680,1188,1210]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
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., 1947: 35; Bullock, 1968: 67; Snyder, 2003: 45.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D221EC7277FA9CDFED1CFF22" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9CDFECBEFB0D" blockId="2.[151,1436,1157,1609]" box="[151,682,1218,1240]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377FA9CDFEF43FB0D" box="[151,343,1218,1240]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lathyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="attenuata">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9CDFEF43FB0D" box="[151,343,1218,1240]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Lathyrus attenuata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7376089CDEEF95FB0D" box="[357,385,1219,1240]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">sic</emphasis>
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] (Reeve)—Mørch, 1852: 99.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9CFFEB0EFAC3" blockId="2.[151,1436,1157,1609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377FA9CFFEFB3FB2D" authority="Reeve" authorityName="Reeve" box="[151,423,1250,1272]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9CFFEF44FB22" box="[151,336,1250,1271]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Latirus attenuatus</emphasis>
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(Reeve)
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</taxonomicName>
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—H. and A. Adams, 1853: 152. Kobelt, 1877: 58; Tryon, 1881: 90, 234, 299, pl. 67, fig. 122, pl. 68, fig. 144; Paetel, 1887: 162; Abbott, 1958: 77; Bullock, 1968: 26; Santos Galindo, 1977: 221; Sutty, 1986: 62.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9D02ECE4FAE1" blockId="2.[151,1436,1157,1609]" box="[151,752,1310,1333]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377FA9D02ECF8FAE1" authority="Reeve-Kobelt, 1876: 20" authorityName="Reeve-Kobelt" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,748,1310,1333]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata" subGenus="Plicatella">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9D02EFF4FAE0" box="[151,480,1311,1333]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Turbinella (Plicatella) attenuata</emphasis>
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Reeve—Kobelt, 1876: 20
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9D20ECECFA86" blockId="2.[151,1436,1157,1609]" box="[151,760,1341,1363]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377FA9D20EC09FA86" authority="Reeve-Arango" authorityName="Reeve-Arango" box="[151,541,1341,1363]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9D20EF72FA86" box="[151,358,1341,1363]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Turbinella attenuata</emphasis>
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? Reeve—Arango
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</taxonomicName>
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y Molina, 1880: 221.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9D41EC60FAA4" blockId="2.[151,1436,1157,1609]" box="[151,628,1371,1394]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377FA9D41EFA1FAA4" authority="Reeve" authorityName="Reeve" box="[151,437,1371,1394]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Plicatella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9D41EF74FAA7" box="[151,352,1372,1394]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Plicatella attenuata</emphasis>
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(Reeve)
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</taxonomicName>
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—Dall, 1885: 240.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9D66ECD5FA45" blockId="2.[151,1436,1157,1609]" box="[151,705,1402,1424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377FA9D66EF59FA45" box="[151,333,1402,1424]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="alternatus">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9D66EF59FA45" box="[151,333,1402,1424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Latirus alternatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7376319D66EF6CFA45" box="[348,376,1403,1424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">sic</emphasis>
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] (Reeve)—Melvill, 1891b: 403.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9D87EB04FA1B" blockId="2.[151,1436,1157,1609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377FA9D87EEF4FA7A" box="[151,224,1434,1455]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9D87EEF4FA7A" box="[151,224,1434,1455]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Latirus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[unnamed subgenus]
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7376AC9D87EC94FA7A" authority="Reeve" authorityName="Reeve" box="[449,640,1433,1455]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
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||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7376AC9D87EC3FFA7A" box="[449,555,1434,1455]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">attenuatus</emphasis>
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||
(Reeve)
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</taxonomicName>
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—Bullock, 1968: 67 (
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC73740C9D87ED9AFA7A" box="[865,910,1434,1455]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">pars</emphasis>
|
||
).
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||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7374C99D87EA9BFA7A" box="[932,1167,1434,1455]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Non
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7374B89D87EA9BFA7A" authority="Bullock" authorityName="Bullock" box="[981,1167,1434,1455]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">Latirus attenuatus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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Bullock (1968: 67–69, pl. 4, figs. 3–5, 10, pl. 5, figs. 11, 12, 14), =
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7375089DA5EDE0FA1B" authority="Abbott, 1958" authorityName="Abbott" authorityYear="1958" box="[613,1012,1464,1486]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7375089DA5ED42FA1B" box="[613,854,1464,1486]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Pustulatirus virginensis</emphasis>
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||
(Abbott, 1958)
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</taxonomicName>
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, Recent, eastern Caribbean.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9DCAEC6CFA39" blockId="2.[151,1436,1157,1609]" box="[151,632,1494,1517]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377FA9DCAEF71FA38" box="[151,357,1495,1517]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuale">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9DCAEF71FA38" box="[151,357,1495,1517]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Turbinella attenuale</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7376199DC5EF84FA38" box="[372,400,1496,1517]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] Coomans, 1974: 185.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9DE8EDA9F9DE" blockId="2.[151,1436,1157,1609]" box="[151,957,1525,1547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
|
||
[?]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377D49DEBEF7DF9DE" box="[185,361,1526,1547]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377D49DEBEF7DF9DE" box="[185,361,1526,1547]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Latirus attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC73761A9DEBEF87F9DE" box="[375,403,1526,1547]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] (Reeve, 1847)—Mallard and Robin, 2005: 16, pl. 40.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7377FA9E09EA63F99D" blockId="2.[151,1436,1157,1609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7377FA9E09EF6FF9FF" box="[151,379,1556,1578]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9E09EF6FF9FF" box="[151,379,1556,1578]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Pustulatirus attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7376E39E08EFBEF9FF" box="[398,426,1557,1578]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] (Reeve)—Vermeij and Snyder, 2006: 421 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7374129E08EDB8F9FF" box="[895,940,1557,1578]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">pars</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7374A99E08EAC9F9FF" box="[964,1245,1556,1578]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7374959E09EAC9F9FF" box="[1016,1245,1556,1578]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">Pustulatirus attenuata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7373829E08EB1FF9FF" box="[1263,1291,1557,1578]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] Vermeij and Snyder (2006: fig. 4B), =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD221EC7376A09E2FED49F99D" authority="Abbott, 1958" authorityName="Abbott" authorityYear="1958" box="[461,861,1586,1608]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7376A09E2FECA9F99D" box="[461,701,1586,1608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Pustulatirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Abbott, 1958)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Recent, eastern Caribbean.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED221EC7277FA9E68ED1CFF22" blockId="2.[151,1437,1653,2037]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,1148]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD221EC7377FA9E68EF3FF95B" bold="true" box="[151,299,1653,1678]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Shell small for genus (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD221EC7375549E68EC89F958" box="[569,669,1653,1677]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD221EC7375C89E68ED18F958" box="[677,780,1653,1677]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.11" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="31.1">31.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
sl), narrowly fusiform, with rounded whorls, broad axial ribs, well-developed spiral cords, shallow suture, and narrow post-sutural ramp bearing closely-packed axial lamellae. Teleoconch of about 7 regularly expanding convex whorls separated by shallow suture; suture undulant in accord with adjacent whorls and interspaces; each whorl with about 8 broad axial ribs; 4 subequal spiral cords on first whorl, enlarging in size but not increasing in number on succeeding whorls of spire, 10–11 cords on body whorl; cords on sutural ramp low, parallel to and undulating in concert with suture, crossed by numerous welldeveloped subsutural lamellae; cords crossing ribs larger than those of ramp, sometimes with single spiral threads between; 6 or more oblique cords of unequal size on siphonal process, occasionally with single smaller thread between. Aperture ovate, constricted adapically by thick parietal node and abapically by small tooth-like node opposite fold at base of columella; outer lip broadly arcuate, rendered serrate by extensions of interspaces between spiral cords, inner surface with about 8 beaded lirae; columella with 4 oblique plicae, another smaller plica adapically; siphonal canal typical of genus, outer lip thin, crenulated by termini of interspaces between larger dorsal cords, inner lip simple, straight. Shell outer surface yellow with white axial ribs on first 3 or 4 teleoconch whorls, interior white. Operculum and radula unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D220EC7277AA9919ED62FEEA" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277AA9919EAD2FEC9" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1148]" box="[199,1222,259,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277AA9919EF7AFEC9" bold="true" box="[199,366,259,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD220EC7277AA9919EF14FEC9" box="[199,256,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
Material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD220EC7276199919EFF5FEC9" box="[372,481,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD220EC7276829919EC6CFEC9" box="[495,632,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Figures 5–7</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD220EC7275E09919ECE0FEC9" box="[653,756,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.11" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="31.1">31.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, locality unknown, NHMUK 196735.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277AA9935ED62FEEA" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1148]" box="[199,886,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277AA9935EF7CFE95" bold="true" box="[199,360,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD220EC7277AA9935EF14FE95" box="[199,256,296,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
Locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:Unknown; probably tropical western Atlantic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D220EC7277AA9951EF0CFBA9" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277AA9951ECBAFE79" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1148]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277AA9951EF20FEB1" bold="true" box="[199,308,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD220EC72761B9951EFCCFEB1" box="[374,472,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72756C9951ED6AFEB1" authority="Reeve, 1847" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1847" box="[513,894,332,356]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72756C9951ECFCFEB1" box="[513,744,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Turbinella attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
Reeve, 1847
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles shells in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7273FC9951EB88FEB1" box="[1169,1436,332,356]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7273FC9951EB88FEB1" box="[1169,1436,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Pustulatirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-complex of the eastern Caribbean and also resembles shells of a new species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED220EC7273F39972EB1FFE52" box="[1182,1291,367,391]" name="Honduras" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED220EC72722E9972EB88FE52" box="[1347,1436,367,391]" name="Panama" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Panamá</collectingCountry>
|
||
that is described herein, yet it differs from both.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277AA99AAEF0CFBA9" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1148]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Described without locality,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72756799A4EC81FE05" box="[522,661,441,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72756799A4EC81FE05" box="[522,661,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">T. attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was soon recognized as a western Atlantic species by nineteenth century authors (Mørch 1852, Krebs 1864, Kobelt in Küster & Kobelt 1876, Kobelt 1876, 1877, Arango y Molina 1880). However, Kobelt in Küster and Kobelt (1876) suggested that the name might represent a variety of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277FA9A39EC77FDE9" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" box="[151,611,548,572]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="infundibulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277FA9A39EFBDFDE9" box="[151,425,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Turbinella infundibulum</emphasis>
|
||
(Gmelin, 1791)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, now the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD220EC7275B99A38ED10FDE8" box="[724,772,549,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7274EB9A39EADAFDE9" authority="Schumacher, 1817" authorityName="Schumacher" authorityYear="1817" box="[902,1230,548,572]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Polygona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7274EB9A39EDE6FDE9" box="[902,1010,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Polygona</emphasis>
|
||
Schumacher, 1817
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, prompting Tryon (1881) to relegate the name to synonymy with that species. Tryon’s action effectively shelved the name until Abbott (1958) mentioned specimens at ANSP, previously labeled
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7274129A70EA58FD51" box="[895,1100,621,644]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7274129A70EA58FD51" box="[895,1100,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Latirus attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, among those he was naming
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277FA9A8CEF3BFD7D" box="[151,303,657,680]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277FA9A8CEF3BFD7D" box="[151,303,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">L. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Bullock (1968, in thesis) also addressed the name but distinguished it as a species separate from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7272E89A8CEF05FD19" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7272E89A8CEF05FD19" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">L. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and others in a related species-complex (see below). The name (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72735B9AA9EB09FD19" box="[1078,1309,692,716]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuale">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72735B9AA9EB09FD19" box="[1078,1309,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Turbinella attenuale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72725F9AA8EB45FD19" box="[1330,1361,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">sic</emphasis>
|
||
]) also appeared on an early list of shells from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED220EC7275209ACAECA9FD3A" box="[589,701,727,751]" name="Sint Martin" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">St. Martin</collectingCountry>
|
||
prepared by H. E. Rijgersma, but Coomans (1974) dismissed it as a supposed synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7276C49AE0EFEEFCC1" box="[425,506,765,788]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276C49AE0EFEEFCC1" box="[425,506,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Latirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72754E9AE1EC9AFCC1" box="[547,654,764,788]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Polygona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72754E9AE1EC9AFCC1" box="[547,654,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Polygona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7275F29AE1ED29FCC1" box="[671,829,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">brevicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Reeve, 1847). Then Sutty (1986: 62, 64, 65, fig. 70) reported and figured as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7276AC9B3CEC06FCED" box="[449,530,801,824]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276AC9B3CEC06FCED" box="[449,530,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Latirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7275EE9B02EDC8FCE2" authority="Reeve, 1847" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1847" box="[643,988,799,824]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7275C19B3CED35FCED" box="[684,801,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Reeve, 1847))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” a shell from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED220EC7273E09B02EB00FCE2" box="[1165,1300,799,823]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
that in her opinion “bears a distinct resemblance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7275369B58EDD1FC89" authority="Abbott, 1958" authorityName="Abbott" authorityYear="1958" box="[603,965,836,860]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7275369B58ED38FC89" box="[603,812,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
Abbott, 1958
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and, better still, [to]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7273C09B58EEC9FCAA" authority="Reeve, 1847" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1847" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7273C09B58EB2BFC89" box="[1197,1343,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">L. attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Reeve, 1847)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.” Thereafter, Snyder (2003) cited
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7275099B74ECEDFC55" box="[612,761,873,896]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7275099B74ECEDFC55" box="[612,761,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">L. attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a valid Caribbean species that ranged from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED220EC72727B9B7AEB45FCAA" box="[1302,1361,871,895]" name="Cuba" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
to the Lesser Antilles, apparently sympatrically with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7275C29B90ED5DFC71" box="[687,841,909,932]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7275C29B90ED5DFC71" box="[687,841,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">L. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Mallard and Robin (2005) cited
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7273BD9B90EB4EFC71" box="[1232,1370,909,932]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7273BD9B90EB4EFC71" box="[1232,1370,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">L. attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7272019B90EB9FFC71" box="[1388,1419,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">sic</emphasis>
|
||
], range
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED220EC7277B39BB2EF0DFC12" box="[222,281,943,967]" name="Cuba" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
to Lesser Antilles, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7275429BACECDDFC1D" box="[559,713,945,968]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7275429BACECDDFC1D" box="[559,713,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">L. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, range “Caribbean,” again suggesting sympatry. Those authors speculated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7276259BC8EFA6FC39" box="[328,434,981,1004]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276259BC8EFA6FC39" box="[328,434,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be the species they figured as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7274209BC8EAB4FC39" authority="Bullock, 1974" authorityName="Bullock" authorityYear="1974" box="[845,1184,980,1004]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bernadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7274209BC8EDE1FC39" box="[845,1013,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">L. bernadensis</emphasis>
|
||
Bullock, 1974
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, on their plate 41, but that shell was correctly identified and is a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72747B9BE5ED96FBC5" box="[790,898,1016,1040]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Polygona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72747B9BE5ED96FBC5" box="[790,898,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Polygona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Vermeij and Snyder (2006) reclassified both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277FA9C00EF18FBE1" box="[151,268,1053,1076]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277FA9C00EF18FBE1" box="[151,268,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7276259C00EFD6FBE1" box="[328,450,1053,1076]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276259C00EFD6FBE1" box="[328,450,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7276819C01EC61FBE1" box="[492,629,1052,1076]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276819C01EC61FBE1" box="[492,629,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Pustulatirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and treated them as distinct. In this we concur. However, we include other shells figured as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7276F59C5CEC19FB8D" box="[408,525,1089,1112]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276F59C5CEC19FB8D" box="[408,525,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Bullock (1968), Sutty (1986) and Vermeij and Snyder (2006) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72727E9C5DEF05FBA9" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72727E9C5DEF05FBA9" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Pustulatirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |