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91 lines
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<document id="5A70996D445A59058283C846A828B22A" ID-DOI="10.4202/app.01054.2023" ID-ISSN="1732-2421" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10981125" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1713285152458" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Zamora, Samuel & Gutiérrez-Marco, Juan Carlos" docDate="2023" docId="038887FFFFD4FF91FF2DCFB5FBAB9931" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaPalaeontolPol.68.2.185-192.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 68 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.01054.2023" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E4780F6D34569985EDF9CACFB9BC780E.2:ActaPalaeontolPol.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="E4780F6D34569985EDF9CACFB9BC780E" docStyleName="ActaPalaeontolPol.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Soluta Jaekel 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="187" masterDocId="FFB1FF87FFD6FF93FFBAC908FFE79B28" masterDocTitle="Filling the Silurian gap of solutan echinoderms with the description of new species of Dehmicystis from Spain" masterLastPageNumber="192" masterPageNumber="185" pageNumber="187" updateTime="1713359753001" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="35DEDCD7E1CCE79CB62D75FBAF9AE779">Filling the Silurian gap of solutan echinoderms with the description of new species of Dehmicystis from Spain</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5B7E12B03DB0897E630945B7186CCDDB">Zamora, Samuel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CD73B9A8FADC7ACE90D152DD855989EA">Gutiérrez-Marco, Juan Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CDC4B22397FF86346BCC03EB3B9C65F8">Acta Palaeontologica Polonica</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0FCA26223061BFDB1E1AECC44BABBBA2">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0AFB9F7BAFC69C44FFC91980087F6EAE">2023-05-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8FE7B6DE29572047F190505251A2FD1B">68</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038887FFFFD4FF91FF2DCFB5FBAB9931" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038887FFFFD4FF91FF2DCFB5FBAB9931" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038887FFFFD4FF91FF2DCFB5FBAB9931" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">
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<subSubSection id="C33B6562FFD4FF91FF2DCFB5FE399DF2" box="[151,478,1725,1754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9E36E9FFD4FF91FF2DCFB5FE399DF2" blockId="2.[151,478,1725,1754]" box="[151,478,1725,1754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">
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<heading id="D0D68185FFD4FF91FF2DCFB5FE399DF2" box="[151,478,1725,1754]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" reason="2">
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Class
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D6AFFD4FF91FF5FCFB5FE399DF2" authority="Jaekel, 1901" authorityName="Jaekel" authorityYear="1901" box="[229,478,1725,1754]" class="Soluta" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" rank="class">
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Soluta
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B18FFD4FF91FE84CFB5FE399DF2" author="Jaekel, O." box="[318,478,1725,1754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" pagination="661 - 677" refId="ref5583" refString="Jaekel, O. 1901. Uber Carpoideen; eine neue Klasse von Pelmatozoen. Zeitschrift der Deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft 52: 661 - 677." type="journal article" year="1901">Jaekel, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33B6562FFD4FF91FF2DCFE4FBAB9931" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9E36E9FFD4FF91FF2DCFE4FBAB9931" blockId="2.[151,824,1772,1960]" lastBlockId="2.[862,1535,158,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis id="B955EAFBFFD4FF91FF2DCFE4FF1E9C2E" box="[151,249,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">Remarks</emphasis>
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.—
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D6AFFD4FF91FEA1CFE4FE829C2E" authorityName="Jaekel" authorityYear="1901" box="[283,357,1772,1798]" class="Soluta" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" rank="class">Soluta</taxonomicName>
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is herein considered as a class of echinoderms following
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B18FFD4FF91FECDCE04FD809C0F" author="Noailles, F. & Lefebvre, B. & Kasicka, L." box="[375,615,1804,1831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" pagination="451 - 476" refId="ref5841" refString="Noailles, F., Lefebvre, B., and Kasicka, L. 2014. A probable case of heter- ochrony in the solutan Dendrocystites Barrande, 1887 (Echinodermata: Blastozoa) from the Upper Ordovician of the Prague Basin (Czech Republic) and a revision of the family Dendrocystitidae Bassler, 1938. Bulletin of Geosciences 89: 451 - 476." type="journal article" year="2014">Noailles et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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. Previous workers such as
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B18FFD4FF91FF55CE25FE269C6F" author="David, B. & Lefebvre, B. & Mooi, R. & Parsley, R." box="[239,449,1837,1863]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" pagination="529 - 555" refId="ref5048" refString="David, B., Lefebvre, B., Mooi, R., and Parsley, R. 2000. Are homalozoans echinoderms? An answer from the extraxial-axial theory. Paleobiology 26: 529 - 555." type="journal article" year="2000">David et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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suggested they possess a feeding appendage in the form of a brachiole, whereas others like
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B18FFD4FF91FF2DCE65FECD9CA0" author="Smith, A. B." box="[151,298,1901,1928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" pagination="255 - 280" refId="ref6219" refString="Smith, A. B. 2005. The pre-radial history of echinoderms. Geological Jour- nal 40: 255 - 280." type="journal article" year="2005">Smith (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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thought they had a true arm. We consider solutans as distinct from any other blastozoan group because of the lack of radial symmetry, distinct oral area and absence of brachioles, and treat them as a plesiomorphic group of early pre-radial echinoderms according with
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B18FFD4FF91FAD0C9D6FA1C9BD1" author="Smith, A. B." box="[1386,1531,222,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" pagination="255 - 280" refId="ref6219" refString="Smith, A. B. 2005. The pre-radial history of echinoderms. Geological Jour- nal 40: 255 - 280." type="journal article" year="2005">Smith (2005</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B18FFD4FF91FCE4C9F6FC7D9A30" author="Smith, A. B." box="[862,922,254,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" pagination="493 - 503" refId="ref6242" refString="Smith, A. B. 2008. Deuterostomes in a twist: the origins of a radical new body plan. Evolution & Development 10: 493 - 503." type="journal article" year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
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). Antero-posterior orientation follows
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B18FFD4FF91FAD9C9F6FA189A31" author="Caster, K. E." box="[1379,1535,254,281]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" pagination="627" refId="ref4893" refString="Caster, K. E. 1968. Homoiostela. In: R. C. Moore (ed.), Treatise on Inverte- brate Paleontology. Part S. Echinodermata 1 (2), S 581 - S 627. Geological Society of America, New York and University of Kansas, Lawrence." type="book chapter" year="1968">Caster (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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with the homoiostele at the posterior pole.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B18FFD4FF91FAD2C816FC0D9A70" author="Rahman, I. A. & Lintz, H." pageId="2" pageNumber="187" pagination="59 - 70" refId="ref5986" refString="Rahman, I. A. and Lintz, H. 2012. Dehmicystis globulus, an enigmatic solute (Echinodermata) from the Lower Devonian Hunsruck Slate, Germany. Palaontologische Zeitschrift 86: 59 - 70." type="journal article" year="2012">Rahman and Lintz (2012)</bibRefCitation>
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in the description of
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D6AFFD4FF91FB55C836FA9D9A70" authorityName="Caster" authorityYear="1968" box="[1263,1402,318,344]" family="Dendrocystitidae" genus="Dehmicystis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955EAFBFFD4FF91FB55C836FA9D9A70" box="[1263,1402,318,344]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="187">Dehmicystis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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considered the thecal surface bearing the ambulacrum (and associated mouth) as the oral surface, with the opposite face as the aboral surface (as suggested by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B18FFD4FF91FB15C896FA9B9A91" author="Kolata, D. R. & Strimple, H. L. & Leverson, C. O." box="[1199,1404,414,441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" pagination="529 - 557" refId="ref5642" refString="Kolata, D. R., Strimple, H. L., and Leverson, C. O. 1977. Revision of the Ordovician carpoid family Iowacystidae. Palaeontology 20: 529 - 557." type="journal article" year="1977">Kolata et al. 1977</bibRefCitation>
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). This does not necessarily imply direct homologies with other echinoderms. Descriptive terminology follows a recent review by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B18FFD4FF91FCE4C8F6FBAE9931" author="Noailles, F. & Lefebvre, B. & Kasicka, L." box="[862,1097,510,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="187" pagination="451 - 476" refId="ref5841" refString="Noailles, F., Lefebvre, B., and Kasicka, L. 2014. A probable case of heter- ochrony in the solutan Dendrocystites Barrande, 1887 (Echinodermata: Blastozoa) from the Upper Ordovician of the Prague Basin (Czech Republic) and a revision of the family Dendrocystitidae Bassler, 1938. Bulletin of Geosciences 89: 451 - 476." type="journal article" year="2014">Noailles et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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