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<mods:title id="D7379214E6A783B1B7F4D8DE75F24104">Notes on the biology and distribution of the tribe Agallissini in North America (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8B9E36FC400ACE3FFF24BD7BFDE8FE90" blockId="2.[151,627,332,391]" box="[151,627,332,358]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">
<heading id="D0D68190400ACE3FFF24BD7BFDE8FE90" bold="true" box="[151,627,332,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C214D7F400ACE3FFF24BD7BFDE8FE90" ID-CoL="6TB6C" authority="(Horn, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[151,627,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Osmopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chamaeropis">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFF24BD7BFDE8FE90" bold="true" box="[151,627,332,358]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFF24BD7BFE56FE90" bold="true" box="[151,461,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Osmopleura chamaeropis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B0D400ACE3FFE6FBD7BFDF0FE90" box="[476,619,332,358]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" refId="ref4779" refString="Horn, G. H. (1893) Miscellaneous Coleopterous Studies. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 20, 136 - 144, pl. I." type="journal article">Horn, 1893</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E36FC400ACE3FFF24BD59FEBCFE71" blockId="2.[151,627,332,391]" box="[151,295,366,391]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">
[
<figureCitation id="131A2A79400ACE3FFF2DBD59FEBBFE71" box="[158,288,366,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 14. 1" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[276,1345,217,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[200,1396,195,1953]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 14. 1. Agallissus lepturoides (typical pattern), female. 2. Agallissus lepturoides (melanistic form), male. 3. Osmopleura chamaeropis (typical color), female. 4. Osmopleura chamaeropis (atypical dark color), male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457931/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Figs. 3 &amp; 4</figureCitation>
]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B6577400ACE3FFF24BD81FBFBFBC4" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9E36FC400ACE3FFF24BD81FCE3FD51" blockId="2.[151,1437,438,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFF24BD81FF6CFE39" bold="true" box="[151,247,438,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">History.</emphasis>
Horns original description states “Collected at Biscayne, Fla., by E. A. Schwarz on
<taxonomicName id="4C214D7F400ACE3FFABDBD81FF62FE05" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaerops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmetto">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFABDBD81FF62FE05" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Chamaerops palmetto</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.”
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B0D400ACE3FFEA9BDEDFE46FE05" box="[282,477,474,499]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" refId="ref4434" refString="Blatchley, W. S. (1925) Notes on the distribution and habits of some Florida Coleoptera with descriptions of new species. Canadian Entomologist, 47, 160 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 57160 - 7" type="journal article">Blatchley (1925)</bibRefCitation>
reported that specimens were collected from blossoms and foliage of
<taxonomicName id="4C214D7F400ACE3FFA80BDEDFA02FE05" box="[1331,1433,474,499]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaerops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmetto">palmetto</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B0D400ACE3FFF24BDC9FE53FDE1" box="[151,456,510,535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" refId="ref5237" refString="Turnbow, R. H. Jr. &amp; Hovore, F. T. (1979) Notes on Cerambycidae from the southeastern U. S. (Coleoptera). Entomological News, Philadelphia, 90 (5), 219 - 229." type="journal article">Turnbow &amp; Hovore (1979)</bibRefCitation>
reported that individuals were most frequently found “in the deep interspaces between living stems in the basal rosettes of the palmettos.” They also reported, “feeding larvae, pupae and teneral adults were collected from dead, dried inflorescences, and from dead leaf bases persisting on the trees.”
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B0D400ACE3FFA95BE71FECCFD75" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" refId="ref5048" refString="Linsley, E. G. &amp; Chemsak, J. A. (1997) The Cerambycidae of North America, Part VIII: Bibliography, Index, and Host Plant Index. University of California Publications in Entomology, 117, i - ix + 1 - 534." type="journal article">Linsley &amp; Chemsak (1997)</bibRefCitation>
report the only host plant of
<taxonomicName id="4C214D7F400ACE3FFD7FBE5CFC6FFD75" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[716,1012,619,643]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Osmopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chamaeropis">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFD7FBE5CFC6FFD75" box="[716,1012,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Osmopleura chamaeropis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C214D7F400ACE3FFB95BE5CFB4EFD75" box="[1062,1237,619,643]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Sabal" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="species" species="palmetto">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFB95BE5CFB4EFD75" box="[1062,1237,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Sabal palmetto</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the known distribution of this species as Florida and Georgia (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B0D400ACE3FFD60BEB9FCF0FD51" box="[723,875,654,679]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" refId="ref4997" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1964) The Cerambycidae of North America. Pt. 5. Taxonomy and classification of the subfamily Cerambycinae, tribes Callichromini through Ancylocerini. University of California Publications in Entomology, 22, 1 - 197, 1 pl, 60 figs." type="book chapter">Linsley 1964</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E36FC400ACE3FFF74BE85FBCCFCE5" blockId="2.[151,1437,438,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFF74BE85FE10FD3D" bold="true" box="[199,395,690,715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Biological notes.</emphasis>
Along with
<taxonomicName id="4C214D7F400ACE3FFDAEBE84FD68FD3D" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[541,755,691,715]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Zagymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clerinus">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFDAEBE84FD68FD3D" box="[541,755,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Zagymnus clerinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, numerous specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C214D7F400ACE3FFBA4BE84FB51FD3D" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1047,1226,691,715]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Osmopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chamaeropis">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFBA4BE84FB51FD3D" box="[1047,1226,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">O. chamaeropis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected on fire-damaged
<taxonomicName id="4C214D7F400ACE3FFE87BEE0FD0BFD19" authority="in Pinellas County" authorityName="in Pinellas County" box="[308,656,726,751]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Sabal" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="species" species="palmetto">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFE87BEE0FE2FFD18" box="[308,436,726,750]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">S. palmetto</emphasis>
in Pinellas County
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E5F81E400ACE3FFD2FBEE1FD76FD19" box="[668,749,726,751]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Florida</collectingRegion>
(R. F. Morris, II, R. M. Brattain, J. A. Green, pers. comm.). Their observations indicate that these two species will congregate on damaged plants.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E36FC400ACE3FFF74BF28FD0AFC89" blockId="2.[151,1437,438,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">
<materialsCitation id="3B493CA1400ACE3FFF74BF28FBBFFCAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1917076289" collectingDate="2007-06-07" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="Mr. B. Freeman &amp; Two" county="Calhoun County" location="Port O'Connor" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
In
<collectingRegion id="49E5F81E400ACE3FFF54BF28FEB0FCC0" box="[231,299,799,822]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Texas</collectingRegion>
, a specimen was collected along the coast:
<collectingCounty id="62FF4E70400ACE3FFC90BF29FC44FCC1" box="[803,991,798,823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Calhoun County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8EFE6027400ACE3FFC5EBF28FB03FCC1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038887EA400ACE3FFF24BD7BFC07FB8D:8EFE6027400ACE3FFC5EBF28FB03FCC1" box="[1005,1176,799,823]" county="Calhoun County" name="Port O'Connor" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" stateProvince="Texas">Port OConnor</location>
,
<collectingDate id="EFDBE9D4400ACE3FFB16BF28FA84FCC1" box="[1189,1311,799,823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" value="2007-06-07">
<date id="FF9F103C400ACE3FFB16BF28FA84FCC1" box="[1189,1311,799,823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" value="2007-06-07">7-VI-2007</date>
</collectingDate>
, by
<collectorName id="26D4532A400ACE3FFAE2BF28FF62FCAC" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Mr. B. Freeman</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED30AE39400ACE3FFEBBBF74FEC7FCAD" box="[264,348,835,859]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;amp;M University" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">TAMU</collectionCode>
) (
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFEC7BF75FDA2FCAD" bold="true" box="[372,569,834,859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">new state record</emphasis>
).
<collectorName id="26D4532A400ACE3FFDE2BF74FD19FCAC" box="[593,642,835,858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Two</collectorName>
additional specimens were observed
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B493CA1400ACE3FFB9CBF74FD16FC89" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1917076290" collectingDate="2009-05" collectionCode="DJHC" collectorName="Freeman" county="Calhoun County" location="Port O'Connor" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
<collectingDate id="EFDBE9D4400ACE3FFB9CBF74FB1EFCAD" box="[1071,1157,835,859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" value="2009-05">
<date id="FF9F103C400ACE3FFB9CBF74FB1EFCAD" box="[1071,1157,835,859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" value="2009-05">V-2009</date>
</collectingDate>
, by
<collectorName id="26D4532A400ACE3FFB07BF74FA8DFCAC" box="[1204,1302,835,858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Freeman</collectorName>
at the same location, but only one was collected (
<collectionCode id="ED30AE39400ACE3FFD8ABF50FD1EFC89" box="[569,645,871,895]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">DJHC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E36FC400ACE3FFF74BFBCFBFBFBC4" blockId="2.[151,1437,438,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">
In South Carolina, one living specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C214D7F400ACE3FFD2DBFBCFCCBFC55" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[670,848,907,931]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Osmopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chamaeropis">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFD2DBFBCFCCBFC55" box="[670,848,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">O. chamaeropis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was photographed by Dr. P. Hendley on
<date id="FF9F103C400ACE3FFAA6BFBDFA0CFC55" box="[1301,1431,906,931]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" value="2016-07-08">8-VII-2016</date>
, along the Stono River, Charleston, Charleston County (
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFC92BF99FC75FC31" bold="true" box="[801,1006,942,967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">new state record</emphasis>
), (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B0D400ACE3FFBA2BF99FB4EFC31" box="[1041,1237,942,967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" refId="ref4525" refString="Bugguide (2018 a) Identification, Images, &amp; Information For Insects, Spiders &amp; Their Kin For the United States &amp; Canada. Available from https: // bugguide. net / node / view / 1255063 (accessed 30 April 2018)" type="url">Bugguide 2018a</bibRefCitation>
). The beetle was resting on Dr. Hendleys upper-level porch but was not collected. The presence of numerous transplanted
<taxonomicName id="4C214D7F400ACE3FFA34BFE4FF62FBF8" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Sabal" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="species" species="palmetto">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFA34BFE4FF62FBF8" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">S. palmetto</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the neighborhood, with occasional emergence holes, is consistent with dispersal by commercial landscapers. This observation constitutes the only record of this species from the state.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B6577400ACE3FFF74B809FC07FB8D" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9E36FC400ACE3FFF74B809FC07FB8D" blockId="2.[151,1437,438,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFF74B809FEFBFBA1" bold="true" box="[199,352,1086,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Distribution.</emphasis>
A distribution map (
<figureCitation id="131A2A79400ACE3FFDFDB809FD04FBA1" box="[590,671,1086,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 1516. 15" captionStartId="9.[151,250,2007,2029]" captionTargetBox="[192,1392,221,1959]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[169,1423,193,1985]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1516. 15, Known distribution of Osmopleura chamaeropis. 16, Known distribution of Zagymnus clerinus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457939/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) for
<taxonomicName id="4C214D7F400ACE3FFD6BB809FC60FBA0" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[728,1019,1086,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Osmopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chamaeropis">
<emphasis id="B955EAEE400ACE3FFD6BB809FC60FBA0" box="[728,1019,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="446">Osmopleura chamaeropis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was prepared based on records from DJHC, FSCA, TAMU, RFMC,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B0D400ACE3FFE4AB855FD15FB8D" box="[505,654,1122,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" refId="ref4659" refString="Fattig, P. W. (1947) The Cerambycidae or long-horned beetles of Georgia. Emory University Museum Bulletin, 5, 1 - 48." type="journal article">Fattig (1947)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B0D400ACE3FFD7AB855FC03FB8D" box="[713,920,1122,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="446" refId="ref4525" refString="Bugguide (2018 a) Identification, Images, &amp; Information For Insects, Spiders &amp; Their Kin For the United States &amp; Canada. Available from https: // bugguide. net / node / view / 1255063 (accessed 30 April 2018)" type="url">Bugguide (2018a)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>