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<document id="9FB113BE525EFD6F2F3140D2AA2DCB21" ID-CLB-Dataset="32399" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4296.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ad746972-3837-4f1d-bf97-c09e5d7f1bd5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="843325" ID-ZooBank="EFE86EDD-D170-4D97-87D9-3125400713EC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1502790552672" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka &amp; Griffiths, Charles" docDate="2017" docId="03FE87F0FFB1FFCBFF57FBA3FC1CFD53" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4296.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4296 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Sperosoma biseriatum Doderlein 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FFC7FF88FFA7FFDCFFC0FF97FFC9FFF3" masterDocTitle="Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698466659567" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CECA3C7B455BB8F6B1C9278F3DB22777">Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="964104FC20B5F74C7C86AF870A05D885">Filander, Zoleka</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03FE87F0FFB1FFCBFF57FBA3FC1CFD53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022634" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132650322" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022634" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87F0FFB1FFCBFF57FBA3FC1CFD53" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87F0FFB1FFCBFF57FBA3FC1CFD53" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFB1FFCAFF57FBA3FDB8FBBD" blockId="22.[151,625,1076,1136]" box="[151,625,1076,1102]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0A0818AFFB1FFCAFF57FBA3FDB8FBBD" bold="true" box="[151,625,1076,1102]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFB1FFCAFF57FBA3FDB8FBBD" ID-CoL="4YKFL" authority="Doderlein, 1901" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,625,1076,1102]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Sperosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="biseriatum">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB1FFCAFF57FBA3FDB8FBBD" bold="true" box="[151,625,1076,1102]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB1FFCAFF57FBA3FE6CFBBD" bold="true" box="[151,421,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sperosoma biseriatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFB1FFCAFE6CFBA3FDB8FBBD" author="Doderlein" box="[428,625,1076,1102]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Doderlein, L. (1901) Diagnosen einiger von der Valdivia-Expedition gesammelter Seeigel-Arten aus dem Indischen Ocean. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 23, 9 - 23." type="journal article" year="1901">Döderlein, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFB1FFCAFF57FBC0FEE3FB9C" blockId="22.[151,625,1076,1136]" box="[151,298,1111,1136]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFB1FFCAFF57FBC0FF2FFB9C" box="[151,230,1111,1136]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[373,1244,1191,1877]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[340,1247,1188,1880]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 20. Sperosoma biseriatum A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen (Schultz, 2010). C. Oral view of preserved specimen (Schultz, 2010)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843367/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
AC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF28666EFFB1FFCAFF57F8FAFD46F851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843367/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[373,1244,1191,1877]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFB1FFCAFF57F8FAFD46F851" blockId="22.[151,1436,1901,1954]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB1FFCAFF57F8FAFEE8F870" bold="true" box="[151,289,1901,1923]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFB1FFCAFEE7F8F9FDC3F870" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1901" box="[295,522,1901,1923]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Sperosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="biseriatum">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB1FFCAFEE7F8F9FDC3F870" box="[295,522,1901,1923]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sperosoma biseriatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB1FFCAFDD2F8FAFDEDF870" bold="true" box="[530,548,1901,1923]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
. Map showing distribution.
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB1FFCAFC87F8FAFC91F870" bold="true" box="[839,856,1901,1923]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
. Aboral view of preserved specimen (Schultz, 2010).
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB1FFCAFA43F8FAFA55F870" bold="true" box="[1411,1436,1901,1923]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C.</emphasis>
Oral view of preserved specimen (Schultz, 2010).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFB0FFCBFF57FF0EFD6EFF18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFB0FFCBFF57FF0EFD6EFF18" blockId="23.[151,1436,152,235]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4711C8FFB0FFCBFF57FF0EFD6EFF18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFB0FFCBFF57FF0EFDA9FF5D" ID-CoL="4YKFL" authority=": Doderlein, 1906: 150" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityPageNumber="150" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,608,152,174]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Sperosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="biseriatum">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB0FFCBFF57FF0EFEB0FF5D" box="[151,377,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Sperosoma biseriatum</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFB0FFCBFE47FF0FFDA9FF5D" author="Doderlein" box="[391,608,152,174]" page="150" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFB0FFCBFE47FF0FFDF9FF5D" author="Doderlein" box="[391,560,152,174]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Doderlein, L. (1906) Die Echinoiden der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition, 5, 61 - 290." type="journal article" year="1906">Döderlein, 1906</bibRefCitation>
: 150
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
153. Pl. XIX, Fig. I. Pl. XL, Fig. I;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFB0FFCBFC14FF0EFB7DFF5D" author="Mortensen" box="[980,1204,152,174]" page="191" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1935">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFB0FFCBFC14FF0EFB4DFF5D" author="Mortensen" box="[980,1156,152,174]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Mortensen, T., (1935) A Monograph of the Echiniodea. II. Bothriocidarioda, Melonechinoida, Lepidocebtroida, and Stirodonta. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 647 pp." type="book" year="1935">Mortensen, 1935</bibRefCitation>
: 191
</treatmentCitation>
193. Pl. XI,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFB0FFCBFAFDFF0FFA51FF5D" box="[1341,1432,152,174]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1227,1249]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1430,448,1187]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1421,1342,1713]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[151,1436,445,1206]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[151,1436,1330,1731]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Detail of regular echinoid: upper (Stomopneustes variolaris) and lower (Stereocidaris excavata) side, showing terminology of various body parts." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Body plan of an irregular echinoid or sand dollar (Clypeaster rarispinus), showing terminology of various body parts." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843327/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843329/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs 12</figureCitation>
. Pl. LXXVI,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFB0FFCBFE84FF21FE47FF3F" box="[324,398,182,204]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1183,1205]" captionTargetBox="[346,1245,592,1158]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[340,1247,591,1161]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. Stereocidaris squamosa (MBC-A 077750). A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Close-up apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843353/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFB0FFCBFE59FF21FCC7FF3F" author="Clark" box="[409,782,182,204]" page="221" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1976">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFB0FFCBFE59FF21FD12FF3F" author="Clark" box="[409,731,182,204]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Clark, A. &amp; Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The Echinoderms of Southern Africa. Publication no. 766. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp." type="book" year="1976">Clark &amp; Courtman-Stock, 1976</bibRefCitation>
: 221
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFB0FFCBFCD8FF21FC2DFF3F" author="Schultz" box="[792,996,182,204]" page="1102" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFB0FFCBFCD8FF21FC6FFF3F" author="Schultz" box="[792,934,182,204]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Schultz, H. (2011) Sea-Urchins III, Worldwide Regular Deep Water Species. 1 st Edition. Scientific Publications, Hemdingen, 1338 pp." type="book" year="2011">Schultz, 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 1102
</treatmentCitation>
, Figs
<date id="FFE91026FFB0FFCBFBE0FF21FB5CFF3F" box="[1056,1173,182,204]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1930" valueMax="1931">19301931</date>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFB0FFCBFF57FF42FD86FF18" authority=": H. L. Clark, 1923: 375" authorityName=": H. L. Clark" authorityPageNumber="375" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,591,213,235]" class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dermaptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersii">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB0FFCBFF57FF42FEAFFF18" box="[151,358,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Echinosoma petersii</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFB0FFCBFEB4FF41FD86FF18" author="Clark" box="[372,591,213,235]" page="375" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1923">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFB0FFCBFEB4FF41FDEAFF18" author="Clark" box="[372,547,213,235]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Clark, H. L. (1923) The echinoderm fauna of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 13 (7), 221 - 435." type="journal article" year="1923">H.L. Clark, 1923</bibRefCitation>
:375
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 1924:5.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFB0FFCBFF57FE80FAD8FE8F" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFB0FFCBFF57FE80FCDBFEC3" blockId="23.[151,1437,279,672]" box="[151,786,279,304]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB0FFCBFF57FE80FE49FEC3" bold="true" box="[151,384,279,304]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Material examined.</emphasis>
None, entry based on the literature.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFB0FFCBFF07FEA8FAD8FE8F" blockId="23.[151,1437,279,672]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB0FFCBFF07FEA8FEB9FEAB" bold="true" box="[199,368,319,344]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Identification.</emphasis>
Preserved test fragile, with irregularly arranged tubercles, larger tubercles restricted to ambitus. Pore-pairs in oblique/horizontal arcs, forming three ventral series. Preserved specimen reddish-brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFB0FFCBFF07FE1CFDC3FE1F" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFB0FFCBFF07FE1CFC86FE50" blockId="23.[151,1437,279,672]" box="[199,847,395,420]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB0FFCBFF07FE1CFE1BFE57" bold="true" box="[199,466,395,420]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Global maximum size.</emphasis>
Maximum test diameter
<quantity id="4CAF9B03FFB0FFCBFD2BFE1BFC82FE50" box="[747,843,396,420]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFB0FFCBFF07FE38FDC3FE1F" blockId="23.[151,1437,279,672]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="3B3F3CBBFFB0FFCBFF07FE38FDC3FE1F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1586033299" country="South Africa" county="East" elevation="910" location="Global" municipality="Arabian Sea" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB0FFCBFF07FE38FE7FFE3B" bold="true" box="[199,438,431,456]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<location id="8E88603DFFB0FFCBFF07FE38FED1FE3B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87F0FFB1FFCBFF57FBA3FC1CFD53:8E88603DFFB0FFCBFF07FE38FED1FE3B" box="[199,280,431,456]" country="South Africa" county="East" municipality="Arabian Sea" name="Global" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Global</location>
distribution.
</emphasis>
<location id="8E88603DFFB0FFCBFE7FFE27FD89FE3B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87F0FFB1FFCBFF57FBA3FC1CFD53:8E88603DFFB0FFCBFE7FFE27FD89FE3B" box="[447,576,431,456]" country="South Africa" county="East" municipality="Arabian Sea" name="East Africa" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">East Africa</location>
and
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8CAC9CFFB0FFCBFDBBFE38FCC0FE3B" box="[635,777,431,456]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Arabian Sea</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62894E6AFFB0FFCBFCD7FE27FC8EFE34" box="[791,839,432,455]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">East</collectingCounty>
coast region of
<collectingCountry id="F3407676FFB0FFCBFBC5FE38FB53FE3B" box="[1029,1178,431,456]" name="South Africa" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, at
<elevation id="007AD1D5FFB0FFCBFB05FE27FA9CFE34" box="[1221,1365,432,456]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" metricValueMax="10.2" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="910.0" valueMax="1020.0" valueMin="800.0">
<quantity id="4CAF9B03FFB0FFCBFB05FE27FA9CFE34" box="[1221,1365,432,456]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" metricValueMax="10.2" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="910.0" valueMax="1020.0" valueMin="800.0">8001020 m</quantity>
</elevation>
depth (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFB0FFCBFF5EFE44FE37FE1F" author="Clark" box="[158,510,467,492]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Clark, A. &amp; Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The Echinoderms of Southern Africa. Publication no. 766. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp." type="book" year="1976">Clark &amp; Courtman-Stock 1976</bibRefCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFB0FFCBFF07FE60FC1CFD53" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFB0FFCBFF07FE60FC1CFD53" blockId="23.[151,1437,279,672]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB0FFCBFF07FE60FEF2FDE3" bold="true" box="[199,315,503,528]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFB0FFCBFE84FE6FFDD9FDE3" author="Mortensen" box="[324,528,503,528]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Mortensen, T., (1935) A Monograph of the Echiniodea. II. Bothriocidarioda, Melonechinoida, Lepidocebtroida, and Stirodonta. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 647 pp." type="book" year="1935">Mortensen (1935)</bibRefCitation>
reports on specimens from the “
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB0FFCBFC4EFE60FB14FDFC" box="[910,1245,503,528]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="4993F804FFB0FFCBFC4EFE60FC07FDE3" box="[910,974,503,528]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">South</collectingRegion>
African Marine Survey
</emphasis>
” but neglects to give locality data. Record of species in Natal is based on
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFB0FFCBFCDAFD8BFC2AFDC7" author="Mortensen" box="[794,995,539,564]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Mortensen, T., (1935) A Monograph of the Echiniodea. II. Bothriocidarioda, Melonechinoida, Lepidocebtroida, and Stirodonta. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 647 pp." type="book" year="1935">Mortensen (1935)</bibRefCitation>
suspecting Clarks (1925)
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFB0FFCBFAD1FD8CFF22FDA4" authorityName=": H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dermaptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersii">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB0FFCBFAD1FD8CFF22FDA4" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Echinosoma petersii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
entries to be
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFB0FFCBFE4AFDD7FC6FFDAB" authority="(Clark &amp; Courtman-Stock, 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Clark &amp; Courtman-Stock" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[394,934,575,600]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Sperosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="biseriatum">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB0FFCBFE4AFDD7FDE9FDAB" box="[394,544,575,600]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. biseriatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFB0FFCBFDF0FDA8FC54FDAB" author="Clark" box="[560,925,575,600]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Clark, A. &amp; Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The Echinoderms of Southern Africa. Publication no. 766. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp." type="book" year="1976">Clark &amp; Courtman-Stock, 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Unfortunately, there is no specimen of this species in the Iziko Museum, thus we were unable to verify this record. Differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFB0FFCBFB8AFDF3FAEFFD88" authorityName=": Mortensen" authorityYear="1935" box="[1098,1318,612,635]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinothuriidae" genus="Hygrosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinothurioida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="petersii">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFB0FFCBFB8AFDF3FAEFFD88" box="[1098,1318,612,635]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Hygrosoma petersii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that the tubercles diminish in size towards mouth, rather than totally disappearing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>