492 lines
55 KiB
XML
492 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="6BC4016BB890619174500B59BC285E09" ID-CLB-Dataset="51240" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.156901" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dee4aba8-8b9f-431f-8e28-4f29f0c3c3a8" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="156901" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459638976528" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Samaai, Toufiek, Gibbons, Mark J., Kelly, Michelle & Davies-Coleman, Mike" docDate="2003" docId="03FE87D7670FFF9EFEB5FC80BB2EEAE0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00371.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 371" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFC7FFAF6706FF92FFBDFF86BE05EE46" masterDocTitle="South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Lévi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai & Kelly" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1698205931782" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="43DE903FE48E1D881F74642B448D1BF6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7BCF0EAB5C56CFFC785653CFC43E85D2">
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<mods:title id="2E5EEFA208202DB5546B09F4867D01A1">South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Lévi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai & Kelly</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="04C47CEC6962BEBB793B39F9B2A0C74E" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="1CE2E65474F974D29C19F67BBF2E2CB3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5E49E78637EB100BA6B3C1B9A9A9E53B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="257161EFAEBACC080375733CAF8C77DE">Samaai, Toufiek</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="FDB7E03A8A61C2D55A016F748C47047E" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="DC08593219716C7A3128D24A2F45CFE8">
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<mods:roleTerm id="ED3EB0212EF3A4A4612899BD7443F3F0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="949860FBABF7AA0B1E289221A788FF75">Gibbons, Mark J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A7E87EE844039D76A825C18986BC4851" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="5048AC002FBE207D5AD85478FE7A2F68">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3772F94AC491D670ED3F99E41BD39D66">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D31DAE4D5316B3FD2DCB711A885D8CED">Kelly, Michelle</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B0F0CFD141953C7E6D71A8296E8E8D2C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6D4BA6DBED531FCFB5E1A5C349EF2E42">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D08946F840C23FE3930EE3F263724E92">Davies-Coleman, Mike</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9A9350E65DA1F138076E0C6A683F2A65">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="03236C15AA1C5E7EF95575EE7989BE1D">
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<mods:title id="6838582EA93C11733946F3720873CC7E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="279ABC06CB5B4E7D47E1B87B06513287">
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<mods:date id="BB833B9218B4BE272E542FEA089A6933">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="08A7D8E7600B7E39FC39E86AA377A243" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="89F8E4CF0385F6EC6EA20A1BF91A3195">371</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="8E80717A817318A7A71577382A7C25C3">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="3530784C6D671C5A417D721EF7FF6974">26</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="B7A09C02918B7F01616C61D409FC3D8B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BC2AD763876E598FEE2FBCE33EE22A30" type="CLB-Dataset">51240</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E1126613F377407292304DDDB7027E30" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.156901</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="291C7F937B89A47C475B3143255FE0AA" type="GBIF-Dataset">dee4aba8-8b9f-431f-8e28-4f29f0c3c3a8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="57AB60BE454C47B5C23B329D30525FE3" type="ISSN">11755326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C8057054423361FD26FE4C8C20C0351C" type="Zenodo-Dep">156901</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03FE87D7670FFF9EFEB5FC80BB2EEAE0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6276865" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119332602" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6276865" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87D7670FFF9EFEB5FC80BB2EEAE0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87D7670FFF9EFEB5FC80BB2EEAE0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection id="C34D654A670FFF9BFEB5FC80BD60ED66" box="[264,869,774,800]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE836C1670FFF9BFEB5FC80BD60ED66" blockId="9.[264,869,774,800]" box="[264,869,774,800]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<heading id="D0A081AD670FFF9BFEB5FC80BD60ED66" bold="true" box="[264,869,774,800]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670FFF9BFEB5FC80BD60ED66" bold="true" box="[264,869,774,800]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670FFF9BFEB5FC80BC27ED66" ID-CoL="3SLXW" box="[264,546,774,800]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670FFF9BFEB5FC80BC27ED66" bold="true" box="[264,546,774,800]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Latrunculia lunaviridis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670FFF9BFD97FC80BC8DED66" box="[554,648,774,800]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="136C2A44670FFF9BFD2AFC80BCE1ED66" box="[663,740,774,800]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[264,368,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[347,1256,313,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[347,1259,311,1664]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Latrunculia, Strongylodesma and Tsitsikamma species in situ: A, Latrunculia lunaviridis sp. nov. (BMNH 1996.7.3.6); B, Latrunculia microacanthoxea sp. nov. (BMNH 1996.7.3.1); C. Latrunculia bellae sp. nov. (BMNH 2003.1.10.1); D, Strongylodesma algoaensis sp. nov. (BMNH 1996.7.3.3); E, Strongylodesma tsitsikammaensis sp. nov. (BMNH 1996.7.3.5); F, Tsitsikamma favus (Holotype, BMNH 1997.7.3.2); G, T. pedunculata sp. nov. (BMNH 2003.1.10.2); H, T. scurra sp. nov. (BMNH 2003.1.10.3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168853/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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A, 4B, 5B)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34D654A670FFF9BFEB5FCD7BD98EBAD" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670FFF9BFEB5FCD7BC55EDA5" blockId="9.[264,1325,849,1835]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670FFF9BFEB5FCD7BFF7ED2D" bold="true" box="[264,498,849,875]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<typeStatus id="54EC8863670FFF9BFEB5FCD7BF7FED2D" box="[264,378,849,875]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFE47FCD7BC57ED2D" box="[506,594,849,875]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BMNH</collectionCode>
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1996.7.3.6: Ouderkraal, Southpaw, Cape Town,
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<collectingCountry id="F3407651670FFF9BFB30FCD7BB22ED2D" box="[1165,1319,849,875]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE635006670FFF9BFEB5FCFFBF73EDD5" box="[264,374,889,915]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-33.983334">33 59’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE635006670FFF9BFE3BFCFFBFF0EDD5" box="[390,501,889,915]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="18.366667">18 22’E</geoCoordinate>
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, collected by P. Coetzee, University of Port Elizabeth,
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<date id="FFE91001670FFF9BFB24FCFFBF40EDFD" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1996-02-25">25 February 1996</date>
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, 17–
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<quantity id="4CAF9B24670FFF9BFEC0FC27BFB8EDFD" box="[381,445,929,955]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
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||
, a fragment of the
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<typeStatus id="54EC8863670FFF9BFD22FC27BCD7EDFD" box="[671,722,929,955]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
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||
has been deposited in the South African Museum, Cape Town (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFE20FC4FBFDBEDA5" box="[413,478,969,995]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">SAM</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFE58FC4FBC00EDA5" box="[485,517,969,995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H</collectionCode>
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||
4960).
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670FFF9BFE85FC77BCADEB35" blockId="9.[264,1325,849,1835]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670FFF9BFE85FC77BC26EA4D" bold="true" box="[312,547,1009,1035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EC8863670FFF9BFE85FC77BFAFEA4D" box="[312,426,1009,1035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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material.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFD91FC77BC69EA4D" box="[556,620,1009,1035]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">SAM</collectionCode>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFDC9FC77BC91EA4D" box="[628,660,1009,1035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H</collectionCode>
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||
4960: Ouderkraal, Southpaw, Cape Town,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3407651670FFF9BFB30FC77BB2DEA4D" box="[1165,1320,1009,1035]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE635006670FFF9BFEB5FB9FBF73EA75" box="[264,374,1049,1075]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-33.983334">33 59’S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE635006670FFF9BFE3BFB9FBFF0EA75" box="[390,501,1049,1075]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="18.366667">18 22’E</geoCoordinate>
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||
, collected by P. Coetzee, University of Port Elizabeth,
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||
<date id="FFE91001670FFF9BFB24FB9FBF40EA1D" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1996-02-27">27 February 1996</date>
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||
, 17–
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||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670FFF9BFE3FFBC7BFC3EA1D" box="[386,454,1089,1115]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
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||
;
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||
<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFE6AFBC7BC12EA1D" box="[471,535,1089,1115]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFD99FBC7BC41EA1D" box="[548,580,1089,1115]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H</collectionCode>
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||
4961: Ouderkraal, Southpaw, Cape Town,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3407651670FFF9BFBECFBC7BAF4EA1D" box="[1105,1265,1089,1115]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE635006670FFF9BFABFFBC7BF44EAC5" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-33.983334">33 59’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE635006670FFF9BFEEDFBEFBFBBEAC5" box="[336,446,1129,1155]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="18.366667">18 22’E</geoCoordinate>
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, collected by P. Coetzee, University of Port Elizabeth,
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<date id="FFE91001670FFF9BFBEDFBEFBB23EAC5" box="[1104,1318,1129,1155]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1996-02-25">25 February 1996</date>
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||
, 17–
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||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670FFF9BFE8EFB17BF76EAED" box="[307,371,1169,1195]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
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||
;
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||
<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFE3DFB17BFC5EAED" box="[384,448,1169,1195]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">SAM</collectionCode>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFE75FB17BFE2EAED" box="[456,487,1169,1195]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H</collectionCode>
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||
4972: Hout Bay, near the wreck of British “The Maori”, sunk in 1909, ~
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||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670FFF9BFEAAFB3FBF6CEA95" box="[279,361,1209,1235]" metricMagnitude="-9" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="nm" value="2.5">2.5 nm</quantity>
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||
offshore and north of Hout Bay, west coast near Cape Town,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3407651670FFF9BFB89FB3FBAC8EA95" box="[1076,1229,1209,1235]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE635006670FFF9BFB65FB3FBF47EABD" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="15" value="-34.039722">34° 01' 83''S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE635006670FFF9BFEF2FB67BFE3EABD" box="[335,486,1249,1275]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="15" value="18.307499">18° 18' 27''E</geoCoordinate>
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||
, collected by Lynden West, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, California,
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||
<date id="FFE91001670FFF9BFE86FA8FBFBEEB65" box="[315,443,1289,1315]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1930-01">30 January</date>
|
||
, 2003, 28–
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670FFF9BFD81FA8FBC7FEB65" box="[572,634,1289,1315]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="29.0">29 m</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFD3AFA8FBCC2EB65" box="[647,711,1289,1315]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFD73FA8FBCEBEB65" box="[718,750,1289,1315]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H</collectionCode>
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||
4973: Vulcan Rock, Hout Bay,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3407651670FFF9BFBE1FA8FBAF3EB65" box="[1116,1270,1289,1315]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE635006670FFF9BFABFFA8FBF69EB0D" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="15" value="-34.07722">34° 03' 98''S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE635006670FFF9BFEC4FAB7BC0AEB0D" box="[377,527,1329,1355]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="15" value="18.314999">18° 18' 54''E</geoCoordinate>
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||
, collected by Lynden West, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, California,
|
||
<date id="FFE91001670FFF9BFED9FADFBFE0EB35" box="[356,485,1369,1395]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1927-01">27 January</date>
|
||
, 2003, 28–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D51FD48670FFF9BFDD8FADFBCADEB35" box="[613,680,1369,1395]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670FFF9BFDD8FADFBCA1EB35" box="[613,676,1369,1395]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="32.0">32 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670FFF9BFE85FA07BD98EBAD" blockId="9.[264,1325,849,1835]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670FFF9BFE85FA07BC47EBDD" bold="true" box="[312,578,1409,1435]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Additional material.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED46AE04670FFF9BFDE8FA07BCA8EBDD" box="[597,685,1409,1435]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
2002.9.25.1: Cape Point,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3407651670FFF9BFBACFA07BAB2EBDD" box="[1041,1207,1409,1435]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, labelled ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670FFF9BFEAFFA2FBF99EB84" box="[274,412,1449,1474]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670FFF9BFEAFFA2FBF99EB84" box="[274,412,1449,1474]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Latrunculia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. Kirkpatrick No. 107, in Gilchrist Collection at BMNH’, no other details are available (Clare Valentine personal communication).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D654A670FFF99FE85FA7FBC18E8C0" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670FFF9BFE85FA7FBFD7E96D" blockId="9.[264,1325,849,1835]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670FFF9BFE85FA7FBFCAE855" bold="true" box="[312,463,1529,1555]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Spherical sponge, 4
|
||
<date id="FFE91001670FFF9BFD7AFA7FBD1FE855" box="[711,794,1529,1555]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
x 4 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670FFF9BFCB6FA7FBD1FE855" box="[779,794,1529,1555]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="cm" value="4.0">4</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
cm (length x width x height) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A44670FFF9BFB39FA7FBACCE855" box="[1156,1225,1529,1555]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[264,368,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[347,1256,313,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[347,1259,311,1664]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Latrunculia, Strongylodesma and Tsitsikamma species in situ: A, Latrunculia lunaviridis sp. nov. (BMNH 1996.7.3.6); B, Latrunculia microacanthoxea sp. nov. (BMNH 1996.7.3.1); C. Latrunculia bellae sp. nov. (BMNH 2003.1.10.1); D, Strongylodesma algoaensis sp. nov. (BMNH 1996.7.3.3); E, Strongylodesma tsitsikammaensis sp. nov. (BMNH 1996.7.3.5); F, Tsitsikamma favus (Holotype, BMNH 1997.7.3.2); G, T. pedunculata sp. nov. (BMNH 2003.1.10.2); H, T. scurra sp. nov. (BMNH 2003.1.10.3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168853/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Surface smooth, velvety, with low cylindrical oscules,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670FFF9BFC37F9A7BDEFE87D" box="[906,1002,1569,1595]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
high,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670FFF9BFB82F9A7BAA3E87D" box="[1087,1190,1569,1595]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, and numerous thick lipped craterlike areolate porefields,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670FFF9BFCC1F9CFBDD9E825" box="[892,988,1609,1635]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670FFF9BFB97F9CFBA81E825" box="[1066,1156,1609,1635]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, covered with a distinct netlike poral membrane. Texture compressible, leathery. Colour in life pale olive green; in preservative, dark brownish green. This species has been found to contain biologically active pyrroloquilonine alkaloids, discorhabdins A & H and 3dihydrodiscorhabdins (Hooper et al., 1996;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B30670FFF9BFD31F96FBD2AE945" author="Beukes" box="[652,815,1769,1795]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" refString="Beukes, D. R. (2000) Structural and Synthetic Investigations of South African Marine Natural Products. Ph. D. thesis. Rhodes University." type="book" year="2000">Beukes, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Samaai, 2002; Antunes et al., unpublished dataa) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6D5037A670FFF9BFED5F897BFC6E96D" box="[360,451,1809,1835]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="11.[264,352,283,307]" captionText="TABLE 2. The distribution of discorhabdin and tsitsikammamine alkaloids across genera Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Lévi and Tsitsikamma Samaai & Kelly, from South African waters (Beukes, unpubl. data)." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF286649670CFF98FEB5F912BC4AE91F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168853/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[347,1256,313,1663]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670CFF98FEB5F912BC4AE91F" blockId="10.[264,1323,1684,1881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FEB5F912BF8FE8EA" bold="true" box="[264,394,1684,1708]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670CFF98FE2CF913BC0AE8EA" box="[401,527,1685,1708]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FE2CF913BC0AE8EA" box="[401,527,1685,1708]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Latrunculia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670CFF98FDA1F913BCC3E8EA" box="[540,710,1685,1708]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Strongylodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FDA1F913BCC3E8EA" box="[540,710,1685,1708]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Strongylodesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670CFF98FD47F913BD7BE8EA" box="[762,894,1685,1708]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FD47F913BD7BE8EA" box="[762,894,1685,1708]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tsitsikamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FC64F913BA1FE8EA" box="[985,1050,1685,1708]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
: A,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670CFF98FBF4F913BF22E888" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FBF4F913BF22E888" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Latrunculia lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670CFF98FE93F931BF84E888" box="[302,385,1719,1742]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(BMNH 1996.7.3.6); B,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670CFF98FD33F931BDCEE888" box="[654,971,1719,1742]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microacanthoxea" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FD33F931BDCEE888" box="[654,971,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Latrunculia microacanthoxea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670CFF98FC6CF931BA21E888" box="[977,1060,1719,1742]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(BMNH 1996.7.3.1); C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670CFF98FEB5F95CBFD1E8B7" box="[264,468,1754,1777]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bellae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FEB5F95CBFD1E8B7" box="[264,468,1754,1777]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Latrunculia bellae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670CFF98FE5DF95CBC37E8B7" box="[480,562,1754,1777]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(BMNH 2003.1.10.1); D,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670CFF98FCEFF95CBA71E8B7" box="[850,1140,1754,1777]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Strongylodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="algoaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FCEFF95CBA71E8B7" box="[850,1140,1754,1777]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Strongylodesma algoaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670CFF98FBC7F95CBAC9E8B7" box="[1146,1228,1754,1777]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(BMNH 1996.7.3.3); E,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670CFF98FE04F97BBD26E952" box="[441,803,1789,1812]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Strongylodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tsitsikammaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FE04F97BBD26E952" box="[441,803,1789,1812]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Strongylodesma tsitsikammaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670CFF98FC8DF97ABD8DE955" box="[816,904,1788,1811]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(BMNH 1996.7.3.5); F,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670CFF98FB1BF97BBF45E970" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="favus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FB1BF97BBF45E970" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tsitsikamma favus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Holotype, BMNH 1997.7.3.2); G,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670CFF98FD06F899BD5CE970" box="[699,857,1823,1846]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pedunculata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FD06F899BD5CE970" box="[699,857,1823,1846]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670CFF98FCE2F899BDB4E970" box="[863,945,1823,1846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(BMNH 2003.1.10.2); H,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670CFF98FB76F899BB2DE970" box="[1227,1320,1823,1846]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="scurra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670CFF98FB76F899BB2DE970" box="[1227,1320,1823,1846]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">T. scurra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670CFF98FEB5F8C4BF5EE91F" box="[264,347,1858,1881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(BMNH 2003.1.10.3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF286649670DFF99FEB5FE9DBC48EFC4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FEB5FE9DBC48EFC4" blockId="11.[264,1323,283,386]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FEB5FE9DBF79EF75" bold="true" box="[264,380,283,307]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
The distribution of discorhabdin and tsitsikammamine alkaloids across genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FB64FE9ABF38EF1F" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FB64FE9ABF38EF1F" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Latrunculia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
du Bocage,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FE6EFEC4BCBCEF1E" authority="Levi" authorityName="Levi" box="[467,697,321,345]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Strongylodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE6EFEC4BC78EF1F" box="[467,637,322,345]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Strongylodesma</emphasis>
|
||
Lévi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FD45FEC4BA3AEF1E" authority="Samaai & Kelly" authorityName="Samaai & Kelly" box="[760,1087,321,345]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FD45FEC4BD79EF1F" box="[760,892,322,345]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tsitsikamma</emphasis>
|
||
Samaai & Kelly
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from South African waters (Beukes, unpubl. data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FEB6FE22BA73EFFF" blockId="11.[267,1142,420,545]" box="[267,1142,420,441]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Source 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FEB6FE4ABC2EEFA7" blockId="11.[267,1142,420,545]" box="[267,555,460,481]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FEF3FE4ABFBAEFA7" box="[334,447,460,481]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FEF3FE4ABFBAEFA7" box="[334,447,460,481]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Latrunculia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
du Bocage
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FE9EFE6ABD53EC66" blockId="11.[267,1142,420,545]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FE9EFE6ABFA1EC47" box="[291,420,492,513]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE9EFE6ABFA1EC47" box="[291,420,492,513]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FD57FE6DBDB3EC46" bold="true" box="[746,950,491,512]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">x x x</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FE9EFD8ABFE7EC67" box="[291,482,524,545]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microacanthoxea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE9EFD8ABFE7EC67" box="[291,482,524,545]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. microacanthoxea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FD57FD8DBD53EC66" bold="true" box="[746,854,523,544]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">x x</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FEB6FDCABC1CEC27" blockId="11.[267,902,588,641]" box="[267,537,588,609]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FEF3FDCABC1CEC27" authority="Levi" authorityName="Levi" box="[334,537,588,609]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Strongylodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FEF3FDCABFE3EC27" box="[334,486,588,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Strongylodesma</emphasis>
|
||
Lévi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FE9EFDEABD83ECC6" blockId="11.[267,902,588,641]" box="[291,902,619,641]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FE9EFDEABFA4ECC7" box="[291,417,620,641]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Strongylodesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="algoaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE9EFDEABFA4ECC7" box="[291,417,620,641]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. algoaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FD57FDEDBD83ECC6" bold="true" box="[746,902,619,640]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">x x x x</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FEB6FD2ABC60EC87" blockId="11.[264,1322,684,836]" box="[267,613,684,705]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FEF3FD2ABC60EC87" authority="Samaai & Kelly" authorityName="Samaai & Kelly" box="[334,613,684,705]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FEF3FD2ABFC0EC87" box="[334,453,684,705]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tsitsikamma</emphasis>
|
||
Samaai & Kelly
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FE9EFD4ABA13ED46" blockId="11.[264,1322,684,836]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FE9EFD4ABF68ECA7" box="[291,365,716,737]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="favus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE9EFD4ABF68ECA7" box="[291,365,716,737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T. favus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FC67FD4DBA73ECA6" bold="true" box="[986,1142,715,736]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">x x x x</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FE9EFD6ABFB5ED47" box="[291,432,748,769]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE9EFD6ABFB5ED47" box="[291,432,748,769]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FBB7FD6DBA13ED46" bold="true" box="[1034,1046,747,768]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">x</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FEB5FC90BA65ED02" blockId="11.[264,1322,684,836]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1=Discorhabdin A; 2=Discorhabdin D; 3=Discorhabdin H; 4=3Dihydrodiscorhabdin C; 5=3Dihydrodiscorhabdin B; 6=Tsitsikammamine A; 7=14Bromodiscorhabdin C; 8=Tsitsikammamine A; 9=Tsitsikammamine B</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FE85FCF2BA5AEA38" blockId="11.[264,1323,884,1870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE85FCF2BC60EDC8" bold="true" box="[312,613,884,910]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Spicules. Megascleres—</emphasis>
|
||
Styles: Smooth, straight, centrally thickened, hastate, occasionally polytylote; 357 (336–384)
|
||
<date id="FFE91001670DFF99FD16FC1ABCDAEDF0" box="[683,735,924,950]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1912-10">
|
||
x
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670DFF99FD7FFC1ABCDAEDF0" box="[706,735,924,950]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="12.0">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D51FD48670DFF99FD7FFC1ABCDAEDF0" box="[706,735,924,950]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">12</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
m.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FCA2FC1ABDDEEDF0" bold="true" box="[799,987,924,950]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Microscleres—</emphasis>
|
||
Anisodiscorhabds (Fig. 4B): Manubrium an expanded spinose base, shaft
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670DFF99FCA8FC42BD64ED98" box="[789,865,964,990]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670DFF99FC17FC42BDEDED98" box="[938,1000,964,990]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="9.0">9 m</quantity>
|
||
wide, median whorl
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670DFF99FB63FC42BB2EED98" box="[1246,1323,964,990]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
diameter, subsidiary whorl
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670DFF99FDFAFC6ABC96EA40" box="[583,659,1004,1030]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
diameter, more or less perpendicular to the shaft. Apical whorl slants upwards ending in a crownlike tuft of conical spines, parallel to the shaft axis. Whorls are notched along the rim and divided into four segments, each segment possessing a denticulate margin of four spines; 54 (53–60)
|
||
<date id="FFE91001670DFF99FC2FFBE2BDB2EA38" box="[914,951,1124,1150]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">x 9</date>
|
||
(7.2–9.6) m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FE85FB0ABFE3E870" blockId="11.[264,1323,884,1870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE85FB0ABFAFEAE0" bold="true" box="[312,426,1164,1190]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Skeleton.</emphasis>
|
||
The choanosomal skeleton is an irregular polygonalmeshed reticulation formed by wispy tracts of smooth styles with no distinction between the primary and secondary tracts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A44670DFF99FE12FB5ABFF0EAB0" box="[431,501,1244,1270]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[264,368,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[330,1237,313,1717]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[330,1239,310,1717]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Skeletal arrangement within Latrunculia and Strongylodesma spp: A, Latrunculia biformis sp. nov., (magnification X 4); B. Latrunculia lunaviridis sp. nov., (magnification X 4); C. Latrunculia microacanthoxea sp. nov., (magnification X 4); D. Latrunculia bellae sp. nov., (magnification X 4); E, Strongylodesma algoaensis sp. nov., (magnification X 4); F, Strongylodesma tsitsikammaensis sp. nov., (magnification X 4)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168852/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B). The tracts range in width from
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670DFF99FC36FB5ABA25EAB0" box="[907,1056,1244,1270]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="165.0" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="150.0">150–180 m</quantity>
|
||
in thickness, and form meshes that are
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670DFF99FE73FA82BC28EB58" box="[462,557,1284,1310]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</quantity>
|
||
wide. In the deeper choanosome, tracts are robust and diverge towards the surface where the spicules tend to be vertically arranged and radiate in plumose tracts
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670DFF99FE1EFAD2BC45EB28" box="[419,576,1364,1390]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="290.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="280.0">280–300 m</quantity>
|
||
wide. Numerous anisodiscorhabds and abundant interstitial megascleres are scattered throughout between the tracts. The surface of the ectosome is lined with a palisade of anisodiscorhabds, these are absent from the ectosome of the areolate porefields. Beneath the ectosomal palisade is a dense paratangential layer of megascleres, approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670DFF99FDA4FA72BC7EE848" box="[537,635,1524,1550]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
deep. This layer is present in the oscular fistules and areolate structures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FE85F9C2BC18E8C0" blockId="11.[264,1323,884,1870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE85F9C2BFA4E818" bold="true" box="[312,417,1604,1630]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Found with coral, anemones and other sponges on rock flats, with a fine covering of sand,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670DFF99FE0DF9EABC1CE8C0" box="[432,537,1644,1670]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="18.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="17.0">
|
||
17–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D51FD48670DFF99FE67F9EABC1CE8C0" box="[474,537,1644,1670]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">20 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D654A670DFF99FE85F912BFB5E890" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF99FE85F912BFB5E890" blockId="11.[264,1323,884,1870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE85F912BFC1E8E8" bold="true" box="[312,452,1684,1710]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for the moonlike (luna) green (viridis) appearance of the sponge in life.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D654A670DFF9EFE85F962BB2EEAE0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670DFF9EFE85F962BA5EEF90" blockId="11.[264,1323,884,1870]" lastBlockId="12.[264,1323,284,1190]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE85F962BFB4E8B8" bold="true" box="[312,433,1764,1790]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FE06F962BCCAE8BB" box="[443,719,1764,1789]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FE06F962BCCAE8BB" box="[443,719,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Latrunculia lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670DFF99FD64F962BD33E8B8" box="[729,822,1764,1790]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is distinguished morphologically from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670DFF99FAAEF962BC0BE960" authority="Kirkpatrick" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="biformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670DFF99FAAEF962BF6CE963" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">L. biformis</emphasis>
|
||
(Kirkpatrick)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the possession of much broader thicklipped areolate porefields with a distinct poral membrane, and in the pale olive colouration. In terms of spiculation, megasclere and microsclere dimensions are considerably smaller in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFB9EFE9ABAC4EF73" box="[1059,1217,284,310]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFB9EFE9ABA36EF73" box="[1059,1075,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFBFFFE9ABAC4EF73" box="[1090,1217,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and this species lacks the aciculodiscorhabds that characterise
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFCC3FEC2BDFBEF1B" box="[894,1022,324,350]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="biformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFCC3FEC2BD8BEF1B" box="[894,910,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFC20FEC2BDFBEF1B" box="[925,1022,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">biformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The anisodiscorhabds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFEB5FEEABF8CEFC3" box="[264,393,364,389]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="biformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFEB5FEEABF8CEFC3" box="[264,393,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. biformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are also characteristically phyllamentous and the ‘disc’ curves upwards. Thus far,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFE8AFE12BFD0EFEB" box="[311,469,404,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFE8AFE12BFD0EFEB" box="[311,469,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670AFF9EFE60FE12BC3DEFE8" box="[477,568,404,430]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is known only from the Western Cape region, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFB75FE12BF34EF93" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="biformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFB75FE12BF34EF93" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. biformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFE6AFE3ABC68EF90" box="[471,621,444,470]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Tsitsikamma</taxonomicName>
|
||
National Park in the Eastern Cape region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670AFF9EFE85FE62BFE2ED78" blockId="12.[264,1323,284,1190]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B30670AFF9EFE85FE62BFC6EFB8" author="Uriz" box="[312,451,484,510]" pageId="12" pageNumber="26" refString="Uriz, M. (1988) Deep-water sponges from the continental shelf and slope off Namibia (south-west Africa): Classes Hexactinellida and Demospongiae. Monografias de Zoologia Marina, 3, 9 - 157." type="journal article" year="1988">Uriz (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described a comparatively deepwater population of what was identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFE9AFD8ABD26EC60" authority="Dendy and Ridley, 1886" authorityName="Dendy and Ridley" authorityYear="1886" box="[295,803,524,550]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFE9AFD8ABFFAEC63" box="[295,511,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Latrunculia brevis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B30670AFF9EFDB8FD8ABD26EC60" author="Dendy" box="[517,803,524,550]" pageId="12" pageNumber="25" refString="Dendy, O. & Ridley. R. S. (1886) Preliminary report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger. ' Part II. Annals and Magazines of Natural History series, (5) 18, 119 - 121." type="journal article" year="1886">Dendy and Ridley, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, off the coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3407651670AFF9EFC59FD8ABA49EC60" box="[996,1100,524,550]" name="Namibia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in about
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D51FD48670AFF9EFB00FD8ABB0BEC60" box="[1213,1294,524,550]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B24670AFF9EFB00FD8ABB0FEC60" box="[1213,1290,524,550]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="140.0">140 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFAAEFD8ABF82EC0B" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFAAEFD8ABF82EC0B" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670AFF9EFE32FDB2BFEFEC08" box="[399,490,564,590]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
clearly differs from these Namibian sponges, described as dark brown with elevated mammiform areolate pore fields. The primary character that differentiates these species, however, is the form of the anisodiscorhabd in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFC68FD02BA76ECDB" box="[981,1139,644,669]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFC68FD02BA76ECDB" box="[981,1139,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670AFF9EFBC7FD02BAD2ECD8" box="[1146,1239,644,670]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, which has median and subsidiary whorls separated into four ‘leaves’ with 4 teeth on each margin. In the Namibian sponges the whorls form three ‘leaves’, each with 8 marginal teeth. The microscleres of the Namibian sponges also have two distinctive spines above the manubrium (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B30670AFF9EFEE0FCA2BFDFED78" author="Uriz" box="[349,474,804,830]" pageId="12" pageNumber="26" refString="Uriz, M. (1988) Deep-water sponges from the continental shelf and slope off Namibia (south-west Africa): Classes Hexactinellida and Demospongiae. Monografias de Zoologia Marina, 3, 9 - 157." type="journal article" year="1988">Uriz 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836C1670AFF9EFE85FCCABB2EEAE0" blockId="12.[264,1323,284,1190]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFE85FCCABFDCED23" box="[312,473,844,869]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFE85FCCABFDCED23" box="[312,473,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21057A8670AFF9EFE59FCCABC47ED20" box="[484,578,844,870]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is similar to several recently described
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3407651670AFF9EFB96FCCABACEED20" box="[1067,1227,844,870]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B30670AFF9EFEADFCF2BFFAEDC8" author="Alvarez" box="[272,511,884,910]" pageId="12" pageNumber="24" refString="Alvarez, B., Bergquist P. R. & Battershill, C. N. (2002) Taxonomic revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 36, 151 - 184." type="journal article" year="2002">Alvarez et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFDA6FCF2BCBDEDCB" box="[539,696,884,909]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kaakaariki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFDA6FCF2BCBDEDCB" box="[539,696,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. kaakaariki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFD7AFCF2BDA0EDCB" box="[711,933,884,909]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="wellingtoniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFD7AFCF2BDA0EDCB" box="[711,933,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. wellingtoniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFC09FCF2BA39EDCB" box="[948,1084,884,909]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kaikoura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFC09FCF2BA39EDCB" box="[948,1084,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. kaikoura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFBC0FCF2BAFAEDCB" box="[1149,1279,884,909]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="millerae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFBC0FCF2BAFAEDCB" box="[1149,1279,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. millerae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are all described as green in life, and all are semispherical sponges. These sponges differ in the morphology of the inhalent porefields, which in the former two species are expansive regions covering a large surface area of the sponge surface. Moreover, the megascleres are larger, and the microscleres considerably shorter than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFC18FB92BA40EA6B" box="[933,1093,1044,1069]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFC18FB92BA40EA6B" box="[933,1093,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3407651670AFF9EFBE9FB92BAF4EA68" box="[1108,1265,1044,1070]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFE83FBBABFC0EA13" box="[318,453,1084,1109]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kaikoura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFE83FBBABFC0EA13" box="[318,453,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. kaikoura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFE42FBBABC84EA13" box="[511,641,1084,1109]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="millerae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFE42FBBABC84EA13" box="[511,641,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. millerae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have megascleres of similar dimensions to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFB39FBBABB26EA13" box="[1156,1315,1084,1109]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFB39FBBABB26EA13" box="[1156,1315,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but again the microscleres are considerably shorter. Of note is thickness of the styles in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D42670AFF9EFAAEFBE2BF82EAE3" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAD3670AFF9EFAAEFBE2BF82EAE3" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, being almost double the thickness of megascleres in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3407651670AFF9EFB97FB0ABAC2EAE0" box="[1066,1223,1164,1190]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |