561 lines
68 KiB
XML
561 lines
68 KiB
XML
<document id="3D5DC53EDF5BCEA5E4DC03C4618DFF28" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.10793341" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10793341" ID-ZooBank="401927DA-66D9-47A1-AE68-965210824713" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1709733394474" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Paulsen, M. J." docDate="2024" docId="FB2D87DDFFF6FFFCC485FEADFBBEFCA2" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2024.1033.1-11.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2024 (33)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.4:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lichnanthe brusti Paulsen, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="0714FFA5FFF3FFF5C445FF9EFFF6FFA0" masterDocTitle="Two new species of bumblebee scarabs (Coleoptera: Glaphyridae: Lichnanthe Burmeister) from the central United States; a new discovery in Wyoming resolves a century-old puzzle from the Nebraska Sand Hills" masterLastPageNumber="11" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1709812037878" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="6C0BA042E907D93D3A5D8DB577AC9639">Two new species of bumblebee scarabs (Coleoptera: Glaphyridae: Lichnanthe Burmeister) from the central United States; a new discovery in Wyoming resolves a century-old puzzle from the Nebraska Sand Hills</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B862B743D03A523A3800CF994F49F555">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7B25069CCB0AEDF88C243E5FCBA82C10">Paulsen, M. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="46E59F595BD1BF3A1DFEBB574CD0D841">Systematic Research Collections, University of Nebraska State Museum, 307 Morrill Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 - 0338</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="0365CB9843E05C63FF8714862C521B1A">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CD74D48842D88E134F46B9AA2C18B6EE">
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<mods:date id="D57964D7A1EDF90FED36DE969C2E74CA">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D895F55AEDA3703544C809B8193173F9">2024-03-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F45A254AB326C7DEE647D728E416FC0B">2024</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7916604F9046BF85BAC83E7D4DB44CAD">33</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="3F84AEE0AFCCBDE08E7BACC839D8C504">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9B2A91577A49B6B6282F9683281CD1B3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.10793341</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DAA02551A6DBA285E05980294F395FA1" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FB2D87DDFFF6FFFCC485FEADFBBEFCA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793241" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10793241" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB2D87DDFFF6FFFCC485FEADFBBEFCA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB2D87DDFFF6FFFCC485FEADFBBEFCA2" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="3B9E6540FFF6FFF0C485FEADFD9CFED1" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="733B36CBFFF6FFF0C485FEADFD5AFEF0" blockId="5.[192,684,307,369]" box="[192,684,307,336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<heading id="287381A7FFF6FFF0C485FEADFD5AFEF0" box="[192,684,307,336]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C485FEADFD5AFEF0" bold="true" box="[192,684,307,336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF6FFF0C485FEADFDFDFEF0" authority="Paulsen" authorityName="Paulsen" box="[192,523,307,336]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C485FEADFE68FEF0" bold="true" box="[192,414,307,336]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Lichnanthe brusti</emphasis>
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Paulsen
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="5AC357A2FFF6FFF0C652FEAAFD5AFEF0" box="[535,684,307,336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="733B36CBFFF6FFF0C485FEC9FD9CFED1" blockId="5.[192,684,307,369]" box="[192,618,343,369]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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Brust’s bee scarab;
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<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C5D5FEC9FDE5FED1" box="[400,531,343,369]" captionStart-0="Figures 2–6" captionStart-1="Figures 7–13" captionStartId-0="6.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionStartId-1="7.[192,279,1799,1825]" captionTargetBox-0="[194,1438,229,1823]" captionTargetBox-1="[219,1413,229,1769]" captionTargetId-0="figure-50@6.[194,1438,226,1831]" captionTargetId-1="figure-78@7.[219,1413,229,1769]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="Figures 2–6. Lichnanthe brusti Paulsen, new species. 2) Holotype male, habitus. 3) Labels. 4) Lateral view of male genitalia, similar to other Lichnanthe sp. studied. 5) Allotype female. 6) Labels." captionText-1="Figures 7–13. Comparative images of Lichnanthe spp. 7–9) Heads of Lichnanthe spp. 7) Lichnanthe brustiPaulsen, new species. 8) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species. 9) L. rathvoni (LeConte), showing oval mandibles. 10) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species, holotype male, habitus. 11–12) Paramera of male genitalia, distal view. 11) L. brusti. 12) L. bruneri. 13) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species, holotype male, labels." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793345" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793347" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10793345/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10793347/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2–7, 11</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C65AFEC9FD90FED1" box="[543,614,343,369]" captionStart="Figures 14–18" captionStartId="8.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,1004,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-410@8.[192,1440,1004,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 14–18. Habitat and live adult images of L. brusti, new species. Images taken at the time of collection by M.L. Brust. 14) Ferris Dunes. 15) Live adult male at Ferris Dunes. 16) Live adult male at Seminoe Dune. 17) Live adult male at Seminoe Dune, showing elytral pattern. 18) Seminoe Dune." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793351/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">14–18</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3B9E6540FFF6FFF0C485FE1FFE67FD4E" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="733B36CBFFF6FFF0C485FE1FFA6DFD83" blockId="5.[189,1440,385,751]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C485FE1FFE91FE3B" bold="true" box="[192,359,385,411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="C3EC3C96FFF6FFF0C529FE1FFBB0FE40" collectingDate="2023-07-11" collectorName="M. L. Brust" country="United States of America" county="Carbon Co." location="Carbon Co." pageId="5" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Wyoming" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C529FE1FFE22FE3B" box="[364,468,385,411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male (
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<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C659FE1FFDABFE3B" box="[540,605,385,411]" captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="6.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[194,1438,229,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-50@6.[194,1438,226,1831]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 2–6. Lichnanthe brusti Paulsen, new species. 2) Holotype male, habitus. 3) Labels. 4) Lateral view of male genitalia, similar to other Lichnanthe sp. studied. 5) Allotype female. 6) Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793345/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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), labeled (
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<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C68EFE1FFCFDFE3B" box="[715,779,385,411]" captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="6.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[194,1438,229,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-50@6.[194,1438,226,1831]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 2–6. Lichnanthe brusti Paulsen, new species. 2) Holotype male, habitus. 3) Labels. 4) Lateral view of male genitalia, similar to other Lichnanthe sp. studied. 5) Allotype female. 6) Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793345/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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): a) “
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<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C701FE1FFC74FE3B" bold="true" box="[836,898,385,411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<collectingCountry id="0B93765BFFF6FFF0C701FE1FFC8BFE3B" box="[836,893,385,411]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">USA</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="B140F829FFF6FFF0C7C3FE1FFBE3FE3B" box="[902,1045,385,411]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">WYOMING</collectingRegion>
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: /
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<collectingCounty id="9A5A4E47FFF6FFF0C06EFE1FFB59FE3B" box="[1067,1199,385,411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Carbon Co.</collectingCounty>
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:
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<quantity id="B47C9B2EFFF6FFF0C0F2FE1FFB03FE3B" box="[1207,1269,385,412]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.02336" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="mi" value="25.0">25 mi</quantity>
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NNE / Sinclair, Seminoe Dunes/42.1039
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<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C596FE3DFE2AFE1D" bold="true" box="[467,476,419,445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">°</emphasis>
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||
,−106.9379
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<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C61EFE3DFD92FE1D" bold="true" box="[603,612,419,445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">°</emphasis>
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/
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<date id="073A100BFFF6FFF0C636FE3DFD18FE1D" box="[627,750,419,445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" value="2023-07-11">
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<collectingDate id="177EE9E3FFF6FFF0C636FE3DFD18FE1D" box="[627,750,419,445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" value="2023-07-11">11.vii.2023</collectingDate>
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</date>
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;
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<collectorName id="DE71531DFFF6FFF0C6B0FE3AFC9AFE1D" box="[757,876,419,446]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">M.L.Brust</collectorName>
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”;b)on orange paper,“
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<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF6FFF0C01FFE3DFB23FE1D" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1844" box="[1114,1237,419,445]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C01FFE3DFB23FE1D" box="[1114,1237,419,445]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Lichnanthe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF6FFF0C0A7FE3DFAD4FE1D" box="[1250,1314,419,445]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti">
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<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C0A7FE3DFAD4FE1D" box="[1250,1314,419,445]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">brusti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<specimenCount id="6582FD42FFF6FFF0C160FE3BFACCFE61" box="[1317,1338,421,449]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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/Paulsen /
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<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C48EFE5BFE96FE7F" box="[203,352,453,479]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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”; c) “U of
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<collectingRegion id="B140F829FFF6FFF0C58BFE5BFDC1FE7F" box="[462,567,453,479]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
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/ State Museum / entomology / UNSMe / 9453”
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="C3EC3C96FFF6FFF0C00BFE5BFA6FFE7F" box="[1102,1433,453,480]" collectionCode="UNSM" country="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Wyoming" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C00BFE5BFB40FE7F" box="[1102,1206,453,479]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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deposited at
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<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C102FE5BFA6FFE7F" box="[1351,1433,453,479]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" name="University of Nebraska State Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">UNSM</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="C3EC3C96FFF6FFF0C485FE79FBB1FD84" country="United States of America" location="State Museum" municipality="Paulsen" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Nebraska" typeStatus="allotype">
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<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C485FE79FED6FDA1" box="[192,288,487,513]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
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female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C5C7FE79FE32FDA2" box="[386,452,487,514]" captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="6.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[194,1438,229,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-50@6.[194,1438,226,1831]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 2–6. Lichnanthe brusti Paulsen, new species. 2) Holotype male, habitus. 3) Labels. 4) Lateral view of male genitalia, similar to other Lichnanthe sp. studied. 5) Allotype female. 6) Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793345/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) labeled (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C670FE79FD8FFDA1" box="[565,633,487,513]" captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="6.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[194,1438,229,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-50@6.[194,1438,226,1831]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 2–6. Lichnanthe brusti Paulsen, new species. 2) Holotype male, habitus. 3) Labels. 4) Lateral view of male genitalia, similar to other Lichnanthe sp. studied. 5) Allotype female. 6) Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793345/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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||
): a) as
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C68EFE79FCC6FDA1" box="[715,816,487,513]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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; b) on orange paper, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF6FFF0C06BFE79FB5FFDA1" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1844" box="[1070,1193,487,513]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C06BFE79FB5FFDA1" box="[1070,1193,487,513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Lichnanthe</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF6FFF0C084FE79FAF7FDA1" box="[1217,1281,487,513]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C084FE79FAF7FDA1" box="[1217,1281,487,513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">brusti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<specimenCount id="6582FD42FFF6FFF0C14CFE76FAE8FDA4" box="[1289,1310,488,516]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="935FACB1FFF6FFF0C17DFE79FA79FDA1" box="[1336,1423,487,513]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Paulsen</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C487FD97FEBBFD83" box="[194,333,521,547]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="allotype">ALLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
”; c) “U of
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||
<collectingRegion id="B140F829FFF6FFF0C582FD97FDC6FD83" box="[455,560,521,547]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
|
||
/
|
||
<location id="765B6010FFF6FFF0C603FD97FD13FD83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB2D87DDFFF6FFFCC485FEADFBBEFCA2:765B6010FFF6FFF0C603FD97FD13FD83" box="[582,741,521,547]" country="United States of America" municipality="Paulsen" name="State Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Nebraska">State Museum</location>
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||
/ entomology / UNSMe / 9454”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C3EC3C96FFF6FFF0C014FD97FA61FD83" box="[1105,1431,521,547]" collectionCode="UNSM" country="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nebraska" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C014FD97FB47FD83" box="[1105,1201,521,547]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
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||
deposited at
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C100FD97FA61FD83" box="[1349,1431,521,547]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" name="University of Nebraska State Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">UNSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFF6FFF0C545FDB5FC42FD29" blockId="5.[189,1440,385,751]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C3EC3C96FFF6FFF0C545FDB5FAAEFDC6" collectionCode="CSCI, UNSM, CSCA, CMNC, DCCC, FSCA, NMNH, UWIM" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="109" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="107" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="6582FD42FFF6FFF0C545FDB5FE06FDE5" box="[256,496,555,581]" count="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="female" typeStatus="paratype">Two paratype females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C5BBFDB5FDC8FDE5" box="[510,574,555,581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">CSCI</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C602FDB5FD6DFDE5" box="[583,667,555,581]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" name="University of Nebraska State Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">UNSM</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<specimenCount id="6582FD42FFF6FFF0C6E9FDB5FC77FDE5" box="[684,897,555,581]" count="107" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="male" typeStatus="paratype">107 paratype males</specimenCount>
|
||
(5
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C7E7FDB5FC1CFDE5" box="[930,1002,555,581]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" name="California State Collection of Arthropods" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="Museum">CSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
, 20
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C056FDB5FBA7FDE5" box="[1043,1105,555,581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">CSCI</collectionCode>
|
||
, 5
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C02BFDB5FB35FDE5" box="[1134,1219,555,581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">CMNC</collectionCode>
|
||
, 10
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C0A9FDB5FACAFDE5" box="[1260,1340,555,581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">DCCC</collectionCode>
|
||
, 7
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C11DFDB5FA6BFDE5" box="[1368,1437,555,581]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jekt-x82m" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="Museum">FSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
, 10
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C4A4FDD3FECDFDC7" box="[225,315,589,615]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="Museum">NMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
, 25
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C52DFDD3FE4CFDC7" box="[360,442,589,615]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" name="University of Nebraska State Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">UNSM</collectionCode>
|
||
, 5
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C59DFDD3FDDBFDC7" box="[472,557,589,615]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">UWIM</collectionCode>
|
||
, and 20 to be distributed in the future as needed) labeled: a) as
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C0B6FDD2FAAEFDC6" box="[1267,1368,588,614]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C3EC3C96FFF6FFF0C126FDD2FC46FD29" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
b) on yellow paper, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF6FFF0C521FDF0FE29FD28" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1844" box="[356,479,622,648]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C521FDF0FE29FD28" box="[356,479,622,648]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Lichnanthe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF6FFF0C5B1FDF0FDC2FD28" box="[500,564,622,648]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C5B1FDF0FDC2FD28" box="[500,564,622,648]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">brusti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount id="6582FD42FFF6FFF0C601FDEEFDAFFD2C" box="[580,601,624,652]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
or
|
||
<specimenCount id="6582FD42FFF6FFF0C63BFDEEFD65FD2C" box="[638,659,624,652]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
] / Paulsen /
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C75AFDF1FC51FD29" box="[799,935,623,649]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFF6FFF0C545FD0EFE67FD4E" blockId="5.[189,1440,385,751]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C3EC3C96FFF6FFF0C545FD0EFC89FD6C" collectingDate="2022-07-16" collectionCode="CSCI, UNSM" collectorName="M. L. Brust" country="United States of America" county="Carbon Co." location="Ferris Dunes" municipality="Lamont" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Wyoming" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="6582FD42FFF6FFF0C545FD0EFE2AFD0A" box="[256,476,656,683]" count="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="male" typeStatus="paratype">Five paratype males</specimenCount>
|
||
(3
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C5B8FD0EFDCDFD0A" box="[509,571,656,682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">CSCI</collectionCode>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<collectionCode id="1595AE0EFFF6FFF0C612FD0EFD5FFD0A" box="[599,681,656,682]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" name="University of Nebraska State Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">UNSM</collectionCode>
|
||
) labeled: a) “
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C772FD0EFC82FD0A" bold="true" box="[823,884,656,682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0B93765BFFF6FFF0C772FD0EFC86FD0A" box="[823,880,656,682]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B140F829FFF6FFF0C73CFD0EFBF2FD0A" box="[889,1028,656,682]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">WYOMING</collectingRegion>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingCounty id="9A5A4E47FFF6FFF0C05DFD0EFB6AFD0A" box="[1048,1180,656,682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Carbon Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="B47C9B2EFFF6FFF0C0E0FD0EFB08FD0A" box="[1189,1278,656,682]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.28526848" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="mi" value="14.2">14.2 mi.</quantity>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B140F829FFF6FFF0C146FD0FFAE5FD0B" box="[1283,1299,657,683]" country="United States of America" name="E" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">E</collectingRegion>
|
||
/ of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="935FACB1FFF6FFF0C107FD0FFA6AFD0B" box="[1346,1436,657,683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Lamont</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="765B6010FFF6FFF0C4FAFD2CFEBBFD6D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB2D87DDFFF6FFFCC485FEADFBBEFCA2:765B6010FFF6FFF0C4FAFD2CFEBBFD6D" box="[191,333,690,717]" country="United States of America" county="Carbon Co." municipality="Lamont" name="Ferris Dunes" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Wyoming">Ferris Dunes</location>
|
||
/ 42.19474
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C583FD2CFE39FD6C" bold="true" box="[454,463,690,716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">°</emphasis>
|
||
, −107.19905
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C619FD2CFD93FD6C" bold="true" box="[604,613,690,716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">°</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="073A100BFFF6FFF0C63CFD2CFD05FD6C" box="[633,755,690,716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" value="2022-07-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="177EE9E3FFF6FFF0C63CFD2CFD05FD6C" box="[633,755,690,716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" value="2022-07-16">16.vii.2022</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="DE71531DFFF6FFF0C6B8FD2DFC83FD6C" box="[765,885,690,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">M.L. Brust</collectorName>
|
||
”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C3EC3C96FFF6FFF0C7CCFD2CFE7BFD4E" country="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Wyoming" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
b) on yellow paper, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF6FFF0C02FFD2CFB15FD6C" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1844" box="[1130,1251,690,716]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C02FFD2CFB15FD6C" box="[1130,1251,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Lichnanthe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF6FFF0C0B2FD2CFAC1FD6C" box="[1271,1335,690,716]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C0B2FD2CFAC1FD6C" box="[1271,1335,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">brusti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<specimenCount id="6582FD42FFF6FFF0C179FD2AFAA7FD70" box="[1340,1361,692,720]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
/ Paulsen /
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C4B9FD4AFE72FD4E" box="[252,388,724,750]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3B9E6540FFF6FFFDC485FD60FA78FE10" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFF6FFF0C485FD60FE84F9E5" blockId="5.[191,1442,766,1606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C485FD60FEA4FCB8" bold="true" box="[192,338,766,792]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C512FD60FE49FCB8" box="[343,447,766,792]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C64DFD60FDBFFCB8" box="[520,585,766,792]" captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="6.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[194,1438,229,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-50@6.[194,1438,226,1831]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 2–6. Lichnanthe brusti Paulsen, new species. 2) Holotype male, habitus. 3) Labels. 4) Lateral view of male genitalia, similar to other Lichnanthe sp. studied. 5) Allotype female. 6) Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793345/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C61EFD60FD43FCB8" bold="true" box="[603,693,766,792]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Length:</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="B47C9B2EFFF6FFF0C6FEFD60FCD6FCB8" box="[699,800,766,793]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="14.5">14.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C762FD60FC8CFCB8" bold="true" box="[807,890,766,792]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Width:</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="B47C9B2EFFF6FFF0C7C5FD60FC22FCB8" box="[896,980,766,793]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="5.8">5.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
at elytral humeri.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C0DEFD60FB11FCB8" bold="true" box="[1179,1255,766,792]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Color:</emphasis>
|
||
Integument piceous, nearly black, densely clothed with long, fine, pale yellowish-white setae. Pronotum, clypeus and scutellum with bronze metallic reflection. Antennal clubs and 3 distal abdominal segments orange-brown. Antennal funicle (antennomeres 2–7) light brown ventrally, and dark brown dorsally; tarsi bicolored with the antennal coloration inverted; elytral surface testaceous, macroscopically appearing striped from alternating longitudinal areas of testaceous or dark brown setae; setae fine, sparse, never forming spots or clumps. Elytral humeri with variably sized dark brown humeral spot.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C5B4FC57FDC0FC43" bold="true" box="[497,566,969,995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
Mandibles square, moderately angulate externally and truncate apically from above (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C557FC75FEA3FBA5" box="[274,341,1003,1029]" captionStart="Figures 7–13" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1799,1825]" captionTargetBox="[219,1413,229,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-78@7.[219,1413,229,1769]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 7–13. Comparative images of Lichnanthe spp. 7–9) Heads of Lichnanthe spp. 7) Lichnanthe brustiPaulsen, new species. 8) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species. 9) L. rathvoni (LeConte), showing oval mandibles. 10) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species, holotype male, habitus. 11–12) Paramera of male genitalia, distal view. 11) L. brusti. 12) L. bruneri. 13) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species, holotype male, labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793347/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labrum deeply emarginate anteriorly, punctate, sparsely and finely setose. Maxilla with terminal palpomere subparallel, width less than 1/2 length, apical sensory area wider than base of same palpomere. Clypeus subparallel, sides converging weakly at anterior 1/3, longer than wide, lateral margins elevated anteriorly; clypeal surface rugose, densely punctate, weakly setose; setae sparse and short. Frontoclypeal suture indistinct but with raised bump medially. Frons with moderately short setae (<1/3 length of antennal club); setae erect. Ocular canthi punctate, setose; setae longer than on frons. Antennal club elongate, distinctly longer than scape (antennomere 1).
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C4A1FB29FEC9FB71" bold="true" box="[228,319,1207,1233]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Thorax:</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum convex but impressed in apical half along midline; marginal bead almost entire but obsolete near scutellum; pronotal disc densely punctate, densely setose with long, fine setae; posterolateral angles with small, smooth impunctate areas. Scutellum densely setose, punctate. Elytra contiguous along median suture for about 1/2 distance from scutellum to elytral apices, elytra gradually but distinctly dehiscent apically, sutural angle with rounded protuberance (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C66DFAA0FD91FAF8" box="[552,615,1342,1368]" captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="6.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[194,1438,229,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-50@6.[194,1438,226,1831]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 2–6. Lichnanthe brusti Paulsen, new species. 2) Holotype male, habitus. 3) Labels. 4) Lateral view of male genitalia, similar to other Lichnanthe sp. studied. 5) Allotype female. 6) Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793345/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), elytral apices otherwise gradually rounded, broad.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C0E3FAA0FB14FAF8" bold="true" box="[1190,1250,1342,1368]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
Secondary tooth of protibia large, strongly developed. First protarsomere subequal in length to next 2 collectively. Tarsal claws on all legs lacking basal tooth. Terminal oblique carina on mesotibia almost obsolete, corbels indistinct. Apex of hind tibia as in figure 31 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="17154B3AFFF6FFF0C5B0FA3DFD69FA1E" author="Carlson DC" box="[501,671,1443,1470]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="177 - 208" refId="ref5894" refString="Carlson DC. 1980. Taxonomic revision of Lichnanthe Burmeister. The Coleopterists Bulletin 34 (2): 177 - 208." type="journal article" year="1980">Carlson (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; metatibial spurs more or less equal; dorsal channel for tarsi strongly developed.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C505FA5BFE4DFA7F" bold="true" box="[320,443,1477,1503]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C672FA5BFD8FFA40" box="[567,633,1477,1504]" captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="6.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[194,1438,229,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-50@6.[194,1438,226,1831]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 2–6. Lichnanthe brusti Paulsen, new species. 2) Holotype male, habitus. 3) Labels. 4) Lateral view of male genitalia, similar to other Lichnanthe sp. studied. 5) Allotype female. 6) Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793345/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) not demonstrably distinct from those of other species studied, internal sac with a median spine and bird-skull shaped sclerite immediately preceding the terminal flagellum, as shown in figure 41 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="17154B3AFFF6FFF0C52CF997FDE3F983" author="Carlson DC" box="[361,533,1545,1571]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="177 - 208" refId="ref5894" refString="Carlson DC. 1980. Taxonomic revision of Lichnanthe Burmeister. The Coleopterists Bulletin 34 (2): 177 - 208." type="journal article" year="1980">Carlson (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The parameres of all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF6FFF0C74BF994FC9AF983" box="[782,876,1545,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C74BF994FC9AF983" box="[782,876,1545,1571]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">L. brusti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens dissected are not contiguous along the suture (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C550F9B5FE92F9E5" box="[277,356,1579,1605]" captionStart="Figures 7–13" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1799,1825]" captionTargetBox="[219,1413,229,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-78@7.[219,1413,229,1769]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 7–13. Comparative images of Lichnanthe spp. 7–9) Heads of Lichnanthe spp. 7) Lichnanthe brustiPaulsen, new species. 8) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species. 9) L. rathvoni (LeConte), showing oval mandibles. 10) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species, holotype male, habitus. 11–12) Paramera of male genitalia, distal view. 11) L. brusti. 12) L. bruneri. 13) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species, holotype male, labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793347/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFF6FFF0C485F9CBFB47F9CF" blockId="5.[191,1442,1621,1850]" box="[192,1201,1621,1648]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C485F9CBFEA4F9CF" bold="true" box="[192,338,1621,1647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C51DF9CBFE4EF9CF" box="[344,440,1621,1647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFF6FFF0C652F9CBFDAEF9D0" box="[535,600,1621,1648]" captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="6.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[194,1438,229,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-50@6.[194,1438,226,1831]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 2–6. Lichnanthe brusti Paulsen, new species. 2) Holotype male, habitus. 3) Labels. 4) Lateral view of male genitalia, similar to other Lichnanthe sp. studied. 5) Allotype female. 6) Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793345/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C628F9CBFD31F9CF" bold="true" box="[621,711,1621,1647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Length:</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="B47C9B2EFFF6FFF0C688F9CBFCC5F9D0" box="[717,819,1621,1648]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="16.8">16.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C778F9CBFC79F9CF" bold="true" box="[829,911,1621,1647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Width:</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="B47C9B2EFFF6FFF0C7D0F9CBFC1DF9D0" box="[917,1003,1621,1648]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="6.8">6.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
at elytral humeri.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFF6FFF0C545F9E9FDC2F89A" blockId="5.[191,1442,1621,1850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Coloration and setation as
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C672F9E9FD6FF931" box="[567,665,1655,1681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male except setation on head and pronotum relatively shorter; and abdomen distally with reddish-brown coloration reduced. The body overall appears to be more robust, especially the shorter and rounder metafemora. The antennal club is much shorter than in the male, just slightly longer than scape. On the pronotum the impunctate areas near posterior-lateral corners are markedly larger, and the marginal bead is apparently entire near the scutellum. The elytra of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C795F960FBDFF8B8" box="[976,1065,1790,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female display discoloration from being stored in isopropyl alcohol.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFF6FFFDC485F8D4FB09FEC4" blockId="5.[192,1440,1866,1927]" lastBlockId="8.[192,1441,230,357]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C485F8D4FE6AF8C4" bold="true" box="[192,412,1866,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Variation in males.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C5E4F8D5FDF5F8C5" box="[417,515,1867,1893]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
males (
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C61CF8D5FD9EF8C4" box="[601,616,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 111) differ from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C726F8D4FC33F8C4" box="[867,965,1866,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
as follows.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C006F8D4FB6BF8C4" bold="true" box="[1091,1181,1866,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Length:</emphasis>
|
||
12.0–
|
||
<quantity id="B47C9B2EFFF6FFF0C0A5F8D4FAB3F8C5" box="[1248,1349,1866,1893]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF6FFF0C108F8D4FA69F8C4" bold="true" box="[1357,1439,1866,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Width:</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="B47C9B2EFFF6FFF0C485F8F2FEBDF827" box="[192,331,1900,1927]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.699999999999999" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="5.699999999999999" valueMax="6.3" valueMin="5.1">5.1–6.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Coloration and setation as
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFF6FFF0C6C9F8F2FD18F826" box="[652,750,1900,1926]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male except 31% of males have a large humeral spot on the elytron, while 67% have small spots, and spot size was not consistently symmetrical.
|
||
<specimenCount id="6582FD42FFFBFFFDC035FF78FAEAFEA0" box="[1136,1308,230,256]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="generic">Two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
had 4 spots due to the presence of an additional spot on each elytron nearer to the scutellum. The development of the sutural apex also exhibited interesting variation. In 58% of males the apex was produced into a bulbous rounded process as in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFFBFFFDC566FED4FE71FEC4" box="[291,391,330,356]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, but the remaining 42% lacked the process and the apices were simply rounded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="27FB6643FFF5FFF3C485F8D4FBDDF826" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793345" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10793345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793345/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" startId="6.[192,279,1866,1892]" targetBox="[194,1438,229,1823]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFF5FFF3C485F8D4FBDDF826" blockId="6.[191,1440,1866,1927]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF5FFF3C485F8D4FEB8F8C4" bold="true" box="[192,334,1866,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Figures 2–6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF5FFF3C516F8D4FD87F8C4" authority="Paulsen" authorityName="Paulsen" box="[339,625,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF5FFF3C516F8D4FDE2F8C4" box="[339,532,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Lichnanthe brusti</emphasis>
|
||
Paulsen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5AC357A2FFF5FFF3C63FF8D5FCF7F8C4" box="[634,769,1866,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF5FFF3C74FF8D4FCD4F8C4" bold="true" box="[778,802,1866,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">2)</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype male, habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF5FFF3C076F8D4FBBDF8C4" bold="true" box="[1075,1099,1866,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">3)</emphasis>
|
||
Labels.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF5FFF3C0E1F8D4FB4AF8C4" bold="true" box="[1188,1212,1866,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">4)</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view of male genitalia, similar to other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF5FFF3C5A5F8F2FD89F827" box="[480,639,1900,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF5FFF3C5A5F8F2FDADF826" box="[480,603,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Lichnanthe</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
studied.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF5FFF3C6A1F8F2FD0AF826" bold="true" box="[740,764,1900,1926]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">5)</emphasis>
|
||
Allotype female.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF5FFF3C7FAF8F2FC21F826" bold="true" box="[959,983,1900,1926]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">6)</emphasis>
|
||
Labels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="27FB6643FFF4FFF2C485F899FC53F826" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793347" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10793347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793347/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" startId="7.[192,279,1799,1825]" targetBox="[219,1413,229,1769]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFF4FFF2C485F899FC53F826" blockId="7.[192,1440,1799,1927]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C485F899FEAAF881" bold="true" box="[192,348,1799,1826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Figures 7–13.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparative images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF4FFF2C627F899FCD7F881" box="[610,801,1799,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-7">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C627F899FD2BF881" box="[610,733,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Lichnanthe</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C756F899FCD7F881" bold="true" box="[787,801,1799,1825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">7</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C764F896FCBEF881" bold="true" box="[801,840,1799,1826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">–9)</emphasis>
|
||
Heads of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF4FFF2C7F4F899FB84F881" box="[945,1138,1799,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-7">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C7F4F899FBDAF881" box="[945,1068,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Lichnanthe</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C026F899FB84F881" bold="true" box="[1123,1138,1799,1825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">7</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C037F899FB8DF881" bold="true" box="[1138,1147,1799,1825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF4FFF2C03AF899FA6CF881" authority="Paulsen" authorityName="Paulsen" box="[1151,1434,1799,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C03AF899FAC9F881" box="[1151,1343,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Lichnanthe brusti</emphasis>
|
||
Paulsen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5AC357A2FFF4FFF2C485F8B7FEB1F8E3" box="[192,327,1833,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C50AF8B6FE91F8E2" bold="true" box="[335,359,1832,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">8)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF4FFF2C528F8B4FDCCF8E3" authority="Paulsen" authorityName="Paulsen" box="[365,570,1833,1859]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri" status="new species">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C528F8B4FE2DF8E3" box="[365,475,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">L. bruneri</emphasis>
|
||
Paulsen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5AC357A2FFF4FFF2C601F8B7FD3CF8E3" box="[580,714,1833,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C691F8B6FD1AF8E2" bold="true" box="[724,748,1832,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">9)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF4FFF2C6B4F8B4FC12F8E3" authority="(LeConte)" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[753,996,1833,1859]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rathvoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C6B4F8B4FC9FF8E3" box="[753,873,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">L. rathvoni</emphasis>
|
||
(LeConte)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, showing oval mandibles.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C143F8B6FADAF8E2" bold="true" box="[1286,1324,1832,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">10)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF4FFF2C177F8B4FEEFF8C4" authority="Paulsen" authorityName="Paulsen" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri" status="new species">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C177F8B4FA56F8E3" box="[1330,1440,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">L. bruneri</emphasis>
|
||
Paulsen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5AC357A2FFF4FFF2C566F8D5FE5FF8C4" box="[291,425,1866,1893]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype male, habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C6F9F8D4FCFAF8C4" bold="true" box="[700,780,1866,1893]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">11–12)</emphasis>
|
||
Paramera of male genitalia, distal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C08FF8D4FB06F8C4" bold="true" box="[1226,1264,1866,1892]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">11)</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C0B3F8D5FAAFF8C4" box="[1270,1369,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF4FFF2C0B3F8D5FAA3F8C4" box="[1270,1365,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti">L. brusti</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C11AF8D4FA72F8C4" bold="true" box="[1375,1412,1866,1892]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">12)</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C1CEF8D5FEECF826" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF4FFF2C1CEF8D5FEE0F826" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri">L. bruneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C55AF8F2FEB3F826" bold="true" box="[287,325,1900,1926]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">13)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFF4FFF2C50EF8F3FDEFF826" authority="Paulsen" authorityName="Paulsen" box="[331,537,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri" status="new species">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFF4FFF2C50EF8F3FE4FF826" box="[331,441,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">L. bruneri</emphasis>
|
||
Paulsen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5AC357A2FFF4FFF2C666F8F3FD5FF826" box="[547,681,1900,1927]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype male, labels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFFBFFFDC485FEEAFA78FE10" blockId="8.[192,1439,372,433]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC485FEEAFE46FE2E" bold="true" box="[192,432,372,398]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Variation in females.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFFBFFFDC5F1FEEBFDE0FE2F" box="[436,534,373,399]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
females (
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC63AFEEBFD78FE2E" box="[639,654,373,398]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2) differ from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFFBFFFDC72FFEEAFC35FE2E" box="[874,963,372,398]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
as follows.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC078FEEAFB61FE2E" bold="true" box="[1085,1175,372,398]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Length:</emphasis>
|
||
12.8–15.8. mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC108FEEAFA69FE2E" bold="true" box="[1357,1439,372,398]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Width:</emphasis>
|
||
5.7–7.0 mm. With only two examples, the only significant difference from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFFBFFFDC060FE08FB88FE10" box="[1061,1150,406,432]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
appears to be adult size.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3B9E6540FFFBFFFDC485FE21FA56FD9E" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFFBFFFDC485FE21FA56FD9E" blockId="8.[192,1441,447,575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC485FE21FED9FE79" bold="true" box="[192,303,447,473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is light-colored and densely setose, adaptations to living in sand as seen in the coastal
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B140F829FFFBFFFDC485FE7FFEC4FE5B" box="[192,306,481,507]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFFBFFFDC5CBFE7CFD87FE5B" authority="Carlson" authorityName="Carlson" authorityYear="1980" box="[398,625,481,507]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC5CBFE7CFDE5FE5B" box="[398,531,481,507]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">L. albipilosa</emphasis>
|
||
Carlson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFFBFFFDC6EDFE7CFC70FE5B" authority="(LeConte)" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[680,902,481,507]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursina">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC6EDFE7CFCFCFE5B" box="[680,778,482,507]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">L. ursina</emphasis>
|
||
(LeConte)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, its distribution and square mandibles make confusion with these species impossible. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFFBFFFDC724FD9DFC4BFDBC" box="[865,957,514,540]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC724FD9DFC4BFDBC" box="[865,957,514,540]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">L. brusti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have faint but distinct longitudinal striping on the elytra formed from variation in the color of the elytral setae (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFFBFFFDC791FDBAFBD6FD9E" box="[980,1056,548,574]" captionStart="Figures 14–18" captionStartId="8.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,1004,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-410@8.[192,1440,1004,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 14–18. Habitat and live adult images of L. brusti, new species. Images taken at the time of collection by M.L. Brust. 14) Ferris Dunes. 15) Live adult male at Ferris Dunes. 16) Live adult male at Seminoe Dune. 17) Live adult male at Seminoe Dune, showing elytral pattern. 18) Seminoe Dune." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793351/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
), and a humeral spot on the elytra.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3B9E6540FFFBFFFDC485FDD0FD93FD6C" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFFBFFFDC485FDD0FD93FD6C" blockId="8.[192,1441,590,716]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC485FDD0FEB2FDC8" bold="true" box="[192,324,590,616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Brust’s bee scarab is named for Dr. Mathew Brust, professor at Chadron State College who collected the entire
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC3F8869FFFBFFFDC571FDEEFE92FD2A" box="[308,356,624,650]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series and recognized the uniqueness of the material. He is one of the most keen and dedicated collectors I know, and without his entomological knowledge and collecting expertise the species would have remained unknown and undescribed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3B9E6540FFFBFFFDC485FD42FDFBFCB8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFFBFFFDC485FD42FDFBFCB8" blockId="8.[192,1440,732,792]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC485FD42FEADFD56" bold="true" box="[192,347,732,758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is known from two locations in Carbon County,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B140F829FFFBFFFDC05EFD42FB7AFD56" box="[1051,1164,732,758]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Seminoe Dune and the Ferris Dunes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFFBFFFDC524FD60FE21FCB8" box="[353,471,766,792]" captionStart="Figures 14–18" captionStartId="8.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,1004,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-410@8.[192,1440,1004,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 14–18. Habitat and live adult images of L. brusti, new species. Images taken at the time of collection by M.L. Brust. 14) Ferris Dunes. 15) Live adult male at Ferris Dunes. 16) Live adult male at Seminoe Dune. 17) Live adult male at Seminoe Dune, showing elytral pattern. 18) Seminoe Dune." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793351/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 14, 18</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFFBFFFDC5A7FD60FDF6FCB8" box="[482,512,766,792]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="11.[194,263,1100,1124]" captionTargetBox="[194,1442,229,1070]" captionTargetId="figure-9@11.[194,1442,229,1070]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 19. Map of Lichnanthe species in selected states. Red indicates Thomas County, Nebraska, with a black dot for L. bruneri. Crosshatching indicates Nebraska counties where blowout penstemon occurs that are possible sampling areas for L. bruneri. Yellow indicates Carbon County, Wyoming, with white dots representing the two localities for L. brusti. Blue indicates counties of Colorado, Idaho, and Utah where members of the L. rathvoni complex are present." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793353/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">19</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3B9E6540FFFBFFFCC485FCB9FBBEFCA2" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFFBFFFCC485FCB9FEA2FE0B" blockId="8.[192,1441,807,935]" lastBlockId="9.[191,1440,230,770]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC485FCB9FEB1FCE1" bold="true" box="[192,327,807,833]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
Brust first discovered the species in 2022, flying amid sparse vegetation in the morning at the Ferris Dunes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFFBFFFDC55DFCD7FE64FCC4" box="[280,402,841,868]" captionStart="Figures 14–18" captionStartId="8.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,1004,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-410@8.[192,1440,1004,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 14–18. Habitat and live adult images of L. brusti, new species. Images taken at the time of collection by M.L. Brust. 14) Ferris Dunes. 15) Live adult male at Ferris Dunes. 16) Live adult male at Seminoe Dune. 17) Live adult male at Seminoe Dune, showing elytral pattern. 18) Seminoe Dune." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793351/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 14–15</figureCitation>
|
||
), although none were found there in a late afternoon visit to the same spot a year later. However, additional specimens were found flying at the nearby Seminoe Dune (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFFBFFFDC054FCF4FB64FC25" box="[1041,1170,874,901]" captionStart="Figures 14–18" captionStartId="8.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,1004,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-410@8.[192,1440,1004,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 14–18. Habitat and live adult images of L. brusti, new species. Images taken at the time of collection by M.L. Brust. 14) Ferris Dunes. 15) Live adult male at Ferris Dunes. 16) Live adult male at Seminoe Dune. 17) Live adult male at Seminoe Dune, showing elytral pattern. 18) Seminoe Dune." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793351/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 16– 18</figureCitation>
|
||
) the following morning between 8:30 and 10 a.m. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="17154B3AFFFBFFFDC5ADFC12FD9EFC06" author="Cook TL" box="[488,616,908,934]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref6002" refString="Cook TL. 2023. Brust returns to Wyoming to confirm discovery. Chadron State College News [September 20, 2023]. Available at https: // www. csc. edu / news / 2023 / brust-returns-to-wyoming-to-confirm-discovery. html. (Last accessed 6 December 2023.)" type="url" year="2023">Cook 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Some specimens were also seen on the sand, but a focus on netting flying specimens may account for the skewed sex ratio and support a previous study that found that females fly only infrequently. A three-year study of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFFAFFFCC602FE96FCD2FE82" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[583,804,264,290]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rathvoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFAFFFCC602FE96FCD2FE82" box="[583,804,264,290]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Lichnanthe rathvoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sex ratios by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="17154B3AFFFAFFFCC7FFFE96FB94FE82" author="Carlson DC" box="[954,1122,264,290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" refId="ref5824" refString="Carlson DC. 1977. Taxonomic revision of Lichnanthe Burmeister with studies on the biology of L. rathvoni (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) [Doctoral dissertation, Oregon State University] Available at https: // ir. library. oregonstate. edu / concern / graduate _ thesis _ or _ dissertations / 6682 x 676 z (Last accessed 27 December 2023.)" type="url" year="1977">Carlson (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found that a large sample (
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFAFFFCC1D4FE97FA56FE82" box="[1425,1440,265,290]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2660) of flying adults was skewed to 93% males, while the sex ratio of pupa excavated from the sandy substrate did not differ from 50:50. Although the mouthparts (especially the brushy maxillae) appear functional, dissection of the abdomen showed an atrophied digestive tract and no evidence of pollen or other food (David Hawks, pers. comm.)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="27FB6643FFFBFFFDC485F8B7FC04F827" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793351" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10793351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793351/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" startId="8.[192,279,1833,1859]" targetBox="[192,1440,1004,1803]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFFBFFFDC485F8B7FC04F827" blockId="8.[192,1440,1833,1927]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC485F8B7FE9AF8E3" bold="true" box="[192,364,1833,1859]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figures 14–18.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat and live adult images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFFBFFFDC69BF8B4FCCFF8E3" box="[734,825,1833,1859]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti" status="new species">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC69BF8B4FCCFF8E3" box="[734,825,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">L. brusti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5AC357A2FFFBFFFDC702F8B7FC38F8E3" box="[839,974,1833,1859]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
. Images taken at the time of collection by M.L. Brust.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC506F8D4FE9EF8C4" bold="true" box="[323,360,1866,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">14)</emphasis>
|
||
Ferris Dunes.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC64EF8D4FDC6F8C4" bold="true" box="[523,560,1866,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">15)</emphasis>
|
||
Live adult male at Ferris Dunes.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC7D8F8D4FC34F8C4" bold="true" box="[925,962,1866,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">16)</emphasis>
|
||
Live adult male at Seminoe Dune.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC100F8D4FA9CF8C4" bold="true" box="[1349,1386,1866,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">17)</emphasis>
|
||
Live adult male at Seminoe Dune, showing elytral pattern.
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFBFFFDC75DF8F2FCC8F826" bold="true" box="[792,830,1900,1926]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">18)</emphasis>
|
||
Seminoe Dune.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFFAFFFCC545FE2DFAA7FDD9" blockId="9.[191,1440,230,770]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
With respect to the key to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFFAFFFCC667FE2DFD04FE6D" box="[546,754,435,461]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFAFFFCC667FE2DFD6BFE6D" box="[546,669,435,461]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Lichnanthe</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="17154B3AFFFAFFFCC751FE2DFC4BFE6E" author="Carlson DC" box="[788,957,435,462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="177 - 208" refId="ref5894" refString="Carlson DC. 1980. Taxonomic revision of Lichnanthe Burmeister. The Coleopterists Bulletin 34 (2): 177 - 208." type="journal article" year="1980">Carlson (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, males of this new species progress through couplet six due to the impunctate areas near the posterolateral corners of the pronotum, which may be minute but are always present. The unicolorous hind femora lead to couplet 8, there reaching a dead end as neither the characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFFAFFFCC567FD85FE6FFD94" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[290,409,538,564]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rathvoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFAFFFCC567FD85FE6FFD94" box="[290,409,538,564]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">L. rathvoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFFAFFFCC5F8FD85FD5CFD94" authority="Carlson" authorityName="Carlson" authorityYear="1980" box="[445,682,538,564]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachyselis">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFAFFFCC5F8FD85FDBBFD94" box="[445,589,538,564]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">L. brachyselis</emphasis>
|
||
Carlson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pertain to this species. Females would skip to couplet 11 due to their strong pronotal anterolateral bead, to couplet 12 with abruptly dehiscent elytra. Couplet 13 cannot be passed, as the combination of a wide terminal maxillary palpomere and deeply emarginate labrum is not presented.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="733B36CBFFFAFFFCC545FD1FFBBEFCA2" blockId="9.[191,1440,230,770]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
The key could be modified with a couplet at any point distinguishing square, apically truncate mandibles (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFFAFFFCC48FFD3AFED0FD1D" box="[202,294,675,701]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti">
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFAFFFCC48FFD3AFED0FD1D" box="[202,294,675,701]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">L. brusti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the new species below) from oval mandibles with rounded apices (all other species), regardless of sex. The two new species could be distinguished from each other therein by the density and length of setae on the head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBBF2A4EFFFAFFFCC541FD76FE97FCA2" box="[260,353,744,770]" captionStart="Figures 7–13" captionStartId="7.[192,279,1799,1825]" captionTargetBox="[219,1413,229,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-78@7.[219,1413,229,1769]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 7–13. Comparative images of Lichnanthe spp. 7–9) Heads of Lichnanthe spp. 7) Lichnanthe brustiPaulsen, new species. 8) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species. 9) L. rathvoni (LeConte), showing oval mandibles. 10) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species, holotype male, habitus. 11–12) Paramera of male genitalia, distal view. 11) L. brusti. 12) L. bruneri. 13) L. bruneri Paulsen, new species, holotype male, labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10793347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10793347/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Fig. 7–8</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the presence of a dark humeral spot on the elytra in
|
||
<emphasis id="41F0EAD9FFFAFFFCC7A0FD77FBBEFCA2" box="[997,1096,744,770]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4844D48FFFAFFFCC7A0FD77FBB5FCA2" box="[997,1091,744,770]" class="Insecta" family="Glaphyridae" genus="Lichnanthe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brusti">L. brusti</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |