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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297097" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316535" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9373c90-73c5-4ee4-b0f8-4c371f527d91" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905209323" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. &amp; Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="EAB3328E11C4D5C1FD1F736D9A1F52E9" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Muridae.1189-1531.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Arvicanthis nairobae J. A. Allen 1909" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" lastPageNumber="1287" masterDocId="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" masterDocTitle="Order Rodentia - Family Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="1531" masterPageNumber="1189" pageNumber="1287" updateTime="1716781534040" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="64A053C693C24C9B59A7F5E9BFB773DF">Order Rodentia - Family Muridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="54B9A35F17038B4BAF4595AB41852E56">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D3C9B925084F09B0C349DDC8C1278926">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CC4A665676E12937AB201FBEA29995A5">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
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<treatment id="EAB3328E11C4D5C1FD1F736D9A1F52E9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231540282" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EAB3328E11C4D5C1FD1F736D9A1F52E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EAB3328E11C4D5C1FD1F736D9A1F52E9" lastPageNumber="1287" pageNumber="1287" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13001241">
<subSubSection id="065202D7AD0CE1E3F83570D8FE66A83E" pageNumber="1287" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CA5C0D4710DC6B57AEE95051AE55D1D8" pageNumber="1287">
<taxonomicName id="8170E54086380903C5A622E23242241C" ID-CoL="H3SK" authority="J. A. Allen 1909" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="DE506AD516953F579A0D11EA9D555153" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">Arvicanthis nairobae</emphasis>
J. A. Allen 1909
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FB9D5B8FB8BDD377CD3CF5DC59DE1ACE" pageNumber="1287" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D6BC2573057E476A6E6CFF29F18E0DEE" pageNumber="1287">
<treatmentCitation id="6A0FA86104AB57BC43600C3F674130F8" author="J. A. Allen" authority="J. A. Allen 1909" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" journal="Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist." kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="168" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae" title="Arvicanthis nairobae" volume="26" year="1909">
<taxonomicName id="DA2D4B186696B5D553754B6F575E4586" ID-CoL="H3SK" authority="J. A. Allen 1909" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="0DD43279F6A229E7D915B55F56176AAA" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">Arvicanthis nairobae</emphasis>
J. A. Allen 1909
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="8CDB457D3586AE6321500EB0E6366A5A" author="J. A. Allen" journal="Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageNumber="1287" pagination="168" title="Arvicanthis nairobae" volume="26" year="1909">
Bull. Am.
<taxonomicName id="BAB667B4F5D46EF9A6DAEF5EBE8BB1F5" baseAuthorityName="Kock and Nader" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mus</taxonomicName>
. Nat. Hist., 26: 168
</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5320A34FD061EF0B87D568659D191352" pageNumber="1287" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="57591B2ED1014EBC383419CD8504EABC" pageNumber="1287">
<emphasis id="3D6871DD86CF014322D82796FB5F3499" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1287">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="9857331705ABBD619FB9CE2737960206" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867324729" country="Kenya" pageNumber="1287">
<collectingCountry id="799D2018ABD3C23FB0E5664FF6F7AD71" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, Nairobi.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="384286C81EE223508D4C4157E0C615F3" pageNumber="1287" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="87D1BB1FFF3126095652FB5C693E5833" pageNumber="1287">
<emphasis id="1D066FF356ED92C22D8CA3EA0504EFF7" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1287">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="8972B315B3B6075FFA71EFDAB6FC6810" language="eng" pageNumber="1287">East African Arvicanthis</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2635E88C7D5245C7E666D8DF1E567093" pageNumber="1287" type="synonym_list">
<paragraph id="103A0CD2D99AD77036293409645CEAB9" pageNumber="1287">
<emphasis id="C9A6BA8B959561781F58FD38E8D6ED10" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1287">Synonyms:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E77C773929A7878C69EF55A112E8B9B5" authority="Dollman 1911" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chanleri">
<emphasis id="B2703EA72CD935CBA4DF4B42EF785EE8" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">Arvicanthis chanleri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="112DD7DDAEF4DF37EFEA47D7966A3589" author="Dollman, G." refId="ref87523" refString="Dollman, G. 1911. On Arvicanthis abyssinicus and allied East-African species, with descriptions of four new forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 8: 334 - 353." year="1911">Dollman 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="B7EE0FAC1062188948507B93BDD4356C" authority="Wroughton 1909" authorityName="Wroughton" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nubilans">
<emphasis id="53A2FFBB7EB74C1169BA0B22C7A78878" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">Arvicanthis nubilans</emphasis>
Wroughton 1909
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="0AA5B66A39E7A3C5427024E1BB31ECCE" authority="Dollman 1914" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallescens">
<emphasis id="CCB446A0CB8655097240FF11B083DE7C" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">Arvicanthis pallescens</emphasis>
Dollman 1914
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="B50BE3A96C96A44AAC4F6E8131B78CCE" authority="Wroughton 1909" authorityName="Wroughton" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praeceps">
<emphasis id="18C5938200FA038B72B3A055C6CE1368" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">Arvicanthis praeceps</emphasis>
Wroughton 1909
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="5DCE0DDB0E42063C5B595D2D7341256A" authority="Dollman 1911" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rumruti">
<emphasis id="C19A499E163020C0E992C1E93E72618D" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">Arvicanthis rumruti</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4585798A9EFE115774B0B7773FC4D5E2" author="Dollman, G." refId="ref87523" refString="Dollman, G. 1911. On Arvicanthis abyssinicus and allied East-African species, with descriptions of four new forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 8: 334 - 353." year="1911">Dollman 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="F51B9AFEAEB74644549906B409BA3315" authority="Heller 1914" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="virescens">
<emphasis id="8F5D127BBC1C66F3BEFC6DD652ADF118" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">Arvicanthis virescens</emphasis>
Heller 1914
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7C575C514F5ED070AB643751CCA0B2FF" pageNumber="1287" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE29BD954358EFF6B20B1247DDE8F6E2" pageNumber="1287">
<emphasis id="966CF397FCE46D0B5CBA6DF29B2AA46B" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1287">Distribution:</emphasis>
Recorded from S
<collectingCountry id="61F974B72EED1038B98EE704FB19E453" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
(Sidamo) through
<collectingCountry id="42B4A53603303F7B0684E67B69B910E3" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
in the Rift Valley south to the
<collectingRegion id="96732CE3BD84009D6C8807E57D89DC79" country="Tanzania" name="Dodoma">Dodoma region</collectingRegion>
in EC
<collectingCountry id="D5225A676B7F8AC6FB935688A986F35C" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
; western and southern limits unresolved (based largely upon our study of specimens; the Ethiopian record and some specimens from W
<collectingCountry id="23B276D615585EAE891D92458D6A01F3" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
were identified using discriminant function analysis by Fadda and Corti, 2001). An unidentified sample of
<taxonomicName id="267BA1825E54A2B5C6F6FFB358BE37A4" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="024EA17ED85944181D39534ACA2A6915" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from SW
<collectingCountry id="07546D4B427FEFCE0745598E366EB2DE" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
clusters with Tanzanian samples of
<taxonomicName id="27EA4C5374D6F3045F4A36A07B08F25A" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="5EF13E47F15C4D56C700A09453FACAD3" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the analysis of mtDNA cytochrome
<emphasis id="A466C36F770A56B5DAC8164BCB3366A5" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">b</emphasis>
sequences by
<bibRefCitation id="7AC22D2FC0654FA9736F88CFA767D592" author="Ducroz, J. - F. &amp; V. Bolobouev &amp; L. Granjon" refId="ref89263" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., V. Bolobouev, and L. Granjon. 1998. A molecular perspective on the systematics and evolution of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae): Inferences from complete cytochrome b sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 10 (1): 104 - 117." year="1998">Ducroz et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
, which indicates the species may range farther west than described here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0EB7B67CD597CF014BA1D24332150ED" pageNumber="1287" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="BE234A5036C8FD4E522A9C3E133AAE9E" pageNumber="1287">
<emphasis id="C27BEE8E43D5AEBAD0054DC34851A7AC" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1287">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="4B5B306E85FBD704349973A04EBC09FF">IUCN</collectionCode>
Lower Risk (lc).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C0E80236CFC3AE45F777BF84F34FC442" pageNumber="1287" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="81B7F973E4A390336A6A94605B749FAB" pageNumber="1287">
<emphasis id="2F21F54C7AC1941FC5DBAA7898609CFF" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1287">Discussion:</emphasis>
<paragraph id="98C8057CA9C7EFEA9C3381825E64F2EC" pageNumber="1287">
2n = 62, FN = 78 (
<bibRefCitation id="B2C7C28046154FEEB0EAF3073C94EC14" author="Castiglia, R. &amp; M. Corti &amp; P. Tesha &amp; A. Scanzani &amp; C. Fadda &amp; E. Capanna &amp; W. Verheyen" refId="ref54314" refString="Castiglia, R., M. Corti, P. Tesha, A. Scanzani, C. Fadda, E. Capanna, and W. Verheyen. 2003 a. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 3. Comparative cytogenetics of A. neumanni and A. nairobae from Tanzania. Genetica, 118: 33 - 39." year="2003">
Castiglia et al., 2003
<emphasis id="71665F3E8C4D42657E119BBD55E4F53A" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
; Fadda et al., 2001). The name
<taxonomicName id="676D3BB3270927144C5BA42BEDA7D0F4" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="1247223CC8ADA40684449B53FCC6FBE8" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the oldest applicable to samples from
<collectingCountry id="BCB04FB5E2005809FADAD55E115B8C1E" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
and E
<collectingCountry id="B446B120AF01CE94C655803CCAB3CE6E" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
containing animals smaller in body size and generally brighter and buffier in pelage tones and hues than those larger and darker specimens we have identified as
<taxonomicName id="0095B38CA4301CE2473390F11B91EB53" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
<emphasis id="7059800B6C3C990DB1DA8D382F2BA8E9" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. niloticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from W
<collectingCountry id="50BC609F15EA8BCD9D422D4E21B021E5" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="9EF5166052D94F01ACDC6FE51950242E" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
. Some specimens of
<taxonomicName id="529D30CC3DD017FF3817337DE19E4F73" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="D6E57DDD884E5DDEB17B29CC1B0A96F9" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
closely resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="3D1F62B964D3EF0983158F7A2FDD63E5" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neumanni">
<emphasis id="AC4E1352CAA5A385E583D2C2904CAD04" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. neumanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in pelage coloration, and could be mistaken for it, but are larger in body size.
<bibRefCitation id="759F1DA46A6DA52E3EE8937B46FF4EF7" author="Corbet, G. B. &amp; D. W. Yalden" refId="ref68078" refString="Corbet, G. B., and D. W. Yalden. 1972. Recent records of mammals (other than bats) from Ethiopia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 22 (8): 213 - 252." year="1972">Corbet and Yalden (1972)</bibRefCitation>
even suggested that
<taxonomicName id="42D876714AB4D5F88C3CE77A6B7F8952" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chanleri">
<emphasis id="FD521C8E1D30D7A67E8FBD2955916B13" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">chanleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might represent
<taxonomicName id="53A443217C4075D8BB0D9B46C46F2AE8" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neumanni">
<emphasis id="CBB77110333480465064058A67BF86CB" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. neumanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(they used
<taxonomicName id="C7BC5182F1EA4F00DE082529EAF19714" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="somalicus">
<emphasis id="256873D6CC4D09336976637FD0F416D6" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">somalicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), but the
<typeStatus id="AE898FEC0A71451EEE4446E61A2BD7C8">holotype</typeStatus>
is larger and fits within the range of variation seen among samples of
<taxonomicName id="5A460B835D4F6F9FC2D3A8923AA8D6A3" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="D9529CD65FDF9E010569D12E11935DE0" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(our study of
<typeStatus id="95CF95EA52666A6C3F7A780DDEF793A1">holotypes</typeStatus>
and larger samples in
<collectionCode id="A6997280F1DADD70C42C54FB2FD4E5C7" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" type="">AMNH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="56E3D1EC18FCFE7CC83E7DFEF8B4972C">BMNH</collectionCode>
, and
<collectionCode id="CB27A4DB56603D04D798961979BB632C" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
). Records of sympatry between
<taxonomicName id="31AED71DD1F06C9ED201FE35E0423DF5" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="37A0CEE4D5DD50D04F51C294EC6EFEEC" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="8B8324A29B8F06A9C0161081820DF420" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neumanni">
<emphasis id="AB1AC870EC09DB608C9D778AC5510630" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. neumanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are documented by series from Mount Lololokwi (&quot;an isolated mountain east of the Mathews Range, about midway between Mount
<collectingCountry id="33C26744F67A49BC50B6546F24B8196E" name="Kenya">Kenia</collectingCountry>
and Mount
<collectingRegion id="522D981DC04E5039B757C4142E26DA17" country="Kenya" name="Marsabit">Marsabit</collectingRegion>
,&quot;
<bibRefCitation id="A5081B328CFE025E24C2BD105A10D029" author="Hollister, N." refId="ref157105" refString="Hollister, N. 1919. East African mammals in the United States National Museum. Part II. Rodentia, Lagomorpha, and Tubulidentata. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 99 (2): 1 - 184." year="1919">Hollister, 1919</bibRefCitation>
; specimens in
<collectionCode id="9EB195F5CA9DAB292E9A4A95E56AD298" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
), and the Dodoma region of
<collectingCountry id="4341B6B0C0B0693C56BDB340925F4A2E" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(samples in
<collectionCode id="1542C25EFA7C59A93CFE854BCF0F342D" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" type="">AMNH</collectionCode>
), and the two are probably broadly sympatric throughout their ranges in
<collectingCountry id="B63169818AA0941DC9EE649CA7DAC9EE" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="79DC5044CC10775E778344D596367B29" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="21C3A0D1E90ABD26B5D68AE5A76FBAC2" pageNumber="1287">
The morphological and geographic relationships between
<taxonomicName id="C019B502A81910E069DD020B924E256D" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="2AFF0EFB4900565A36B9203377789EB8" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A677C7F379BEA46FD1408E4B5162C419" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
<emphasis id="69E229D3217BE53E8B44F8DBCB4F5C94" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. niloticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
require resolution, which could be accomplished by critical systematic review of the
<emphasis id="7A616D7E14E3F817B3BC48B15FABA215" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">
A. niloticus-A.
<taxonomicName id="78DC633774057DB94B91C001E41B0BDE" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">nairobae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
complex. For example,
<taxonomicName id="9FFD621F2FFEB13AAC089E886F58E232" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="B0951469CFD4FB8C05D659412A2611C9" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found with
<taxonomicName id="21421C2412F1DEB7723290E7F3874E32" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neumanni">
<emphasis id="294B3DE334EA0A70B57AEA64947385F4" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. neumanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<collectingRegion id="61DA58F02722A1C0D64A044EB2F7D2DC" country="Tanzania" name="Dodoma">Dodoma region</collectingRegion>
of
<collectingCountry id="87621A252233EB54667F4699AD2D26F5" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
and they are the only species of
<taxonomicName id="AF6E6F8C09B80D1605D9D0036055E3A7" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7B7CEF768E09091E8BC1C5DF83C7D8AB" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(represented by specimens) from E
<collectingCountry id="2773A53D2046CE2DC5CCC897F9B56793" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
. In our samples from the
<collectingRegion id="80B2929D66EE6F6BB38E35D3EF9B1F74" country="Tanzania" name="Tabora">Tabora</collectingRegion>
area to the west of
<collectingRegion id="38A864D6FD70E2E87777C5CBE78782A8" country="Tanzania" name="Dodoma">Dodoma</collectingRegion>
we could detect only one species, which is larger in body size and has much darker pelage than samples from
<collectingRegion id="AB604D7C1837BDD3E804CE1DC2EA5FE1" country="Tanzania" name="Dodoma">Dodoma</collectingRegion>
. It is this species (which we identify as
<taxonomicName id="E200F4D4FBE71678A0CEA89E156EA97E" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
<emphasis id="FA7DB975541463FEA7402B1F6DB24646" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. niloticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) that ranges south into
<collectingCountry id="C7CE2C229CA66F0D69640329CAAFF682" name="Zambia">Zambia</collectingCountry>
and north through W
<collectingCountry id="501EA3F29F2F49F6CB2DA9B66CAFA7FD" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="43F819321026E1FBA883CADBCC29FEF0" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
. According to the geometric morphometrical analysis by Fadda and Corti (2001), however, two morphological types occur in that region, which they designated as
<emphasis id="E0FFAA5360A37DCDCCAE8F56E1E34867" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. sp</emphasis>
. and
<emphasis id="ED2947C9A736F7BCC370AD7F9EB27958" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A sp.1</emphasis>
; a third form,
<emphasis id="EE5D77D6E5E0829075BA09267C4AA86D" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. sp2</emphasis>
, had a geographic distribution similar to
<taxonomicName id="8612C45578B9070BD29B35A118503912" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="85879F1F1776D5421025D5E538DFC9B4" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and included the
<typeStatus id="0A722C0A6E23A46C5D7FDD99DF07CB98">holotype</typeStatus>
. Studying the distribution of characters from samples collected along a transect between the Dodoma and Tabora regions would likely elucidate character and geographic relationships among the different populations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E0F4BD48D3BBBADD2902ACF17654D41C" pageNumber="1287">
<bibRefCitation id="65B31E62E20A673DB33FCD5E02F5F541" author="Ducroz, J. - F. &amp; V. Bolobouev &amp; L. Granjon" refId="ref89263" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., V. Bolobouev, and L. Granjon. 1998. A molecular perspective on the systematics and evolution of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae): Inferences from complete cytochrome b sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 10 (1): 104 - 117." year="1998">Ducroz et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
provided another view of possible relationships between
<taxonomicName id="01EA391311834B4683D1C147294FA209" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="8D1AFB33341BE68C0BD79939081FF2DC" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="34FEBAAFAA91A718D2CBF4B6B61E9CC9" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
<emphasis id="8BD1F25545D8621CA1A6C9E8066EA7C7" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. niloticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in their phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA cytochrome
<emphasis id="C3CDEF848CD3F85F130EAA4DF9CC9DD4" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">b</emphasis>
sequences. Samples of
<taxonomicName id="0E3804CEABF13C2C7A7D6F5769769F89" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="828896EC9C4FF2372D5A3576D8C8F409" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from West Africa identified by
<bibRefCitation id="62790C5AED764D557B314F13A345436C" author="Volobouev, V. T. &amp; J. - F. Ducroz &amp; V. M. Aniskin &amp; J. Britton-Davidian &amp; R. Castiglia &amp; G. Dobigny &amp; L. Granjon &amp; M. Lombard &amp; M. Corti &amp; B. Sicard &amp; E. Capanna" refId="ref376170" refString="Volobouev, V. T., J. - F. Ducroz, V. M. Aniskin, J. Britton-Davidian, R. Castiglia, G. Dobigny, L. Granjon, M. Lombard, M. Corti, B. Sicard, and E. Capanna. 2002 a. Chromosomal characterisation of Arvicanthis species (Rodentia, Murinae) from western and central Africa: Implications on taxonomy. Cytogenetics and Genome Research, 96: 250 - 260." year="2002">
Volobouev et al. (2002
<emphasis id="3AC19A13554DDA3AC80B1B057F5FBA86" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">a</emphasis>
)
</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="35062A4A96AEF879537FFD22B0696AFA" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgei">
<emphasis id="E24CA417EC65C030E477B216BE2D3473" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. ansorgei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, those from
<collectingCountry id="28187D3548E6FC75C19F91AB937CCDCA" name="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="912A20F5B21C5D2FF445C98AC8A9C9BA" name="Benin">Benin</collectingCountry>
(the latter identified as
<taxonomicName id="8D243AE9903A101E1804E925B8958594" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufinus">
<emphasis id="51EA3B8F7342A2DD057FC6261DAC32F6" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. rufinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="26292ACED506F06C9A79587D204014D7" author="Volobouev, V. T. &amp; J. - F. Ducroz &amp; V. M. Aniskin &amp; J. Britton-Davidian &amp; R. Castiglia &amp; G. Dobigny &amp; L. Granjon &amp; M. Lombard &amp; M. Corti &amp; B. Sicard &amp; E. Capanna" refId="ref376170" refString="Volobouev, V. T., J. - F. Ducroz, V. M. Aniskin, J. Britton-Davidian, R. Castiglia, G. Dobigny, L. Granjon, M. Lombard, M. Corti, B. Sicard, and E. Capanna. 2002 a. Chromosomal characterisation of Arvicanthis species (Rodentia, Murinae) from western and central Africa: Implications on taxonomy. Cytogenetics and Genome Research, 96: 250 - 260." year="2002">
Volobouev et al., 2002
<emphasis id="D2491CBF441F3BD8498E0166F7F68688" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
), and samples from East Africa representing
<taxonomicName id="443907C87999A2ED6484D9BA388889B2" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="917179F957DF6667254216E199D61547" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
formed a cluster (&quot;clade 1&quot;) separate from that composed of
<taxonomicName id="D607A1CD77F4EA7A215BE8AC0D7BE3EB" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
<emphasis id="1445A36D41BDBF953987D665B22A9E13" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. niloticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6AE88895B55757F1024E557C7E241B67" authorityName="Rüppell" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abyssinicus">
<emphasis id="D7D2D2BB458EEB05A40C030E74D4919F" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. abyssinicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="823466A2D99EF23C8610E104E0B1E6EB" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neumanni">
<emphasis id="3E8939FEC01D1D38553B1CEC7CBCB3C9" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. neumanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(&quot;clade 2&quot;), which is congruent with chromosomal data (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="88A9334D700B3ACC177BE4294CE14DAE" author="Castiglia, R. &amp; M. Corti &amp; P. Tesha &amp; A. Scanzani &amp; C. Fadda &amp; E. Capanna &amp; W. Verheyen" refId="ref54314" refString="Castiglia, R., M. Corti, P. Tesha, A. Scanzani, C. Fadda, E. Capanna, and W. Verheyen. 2003 a. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 3. Comparative cytogenetics of A. neumanni and A. nairobae from Tanzania. Genetica, 118: 33 - 39." year="2003">
Castiglia et al., 2003
<emphasis id="95C40136E32A29366B394D1EA6AA68D0" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
) because &quot;clade 1&quot; is composed of species with a high FN. Within &quot;clade 1&quot; the West African lineage was phylogenetically more closely allied to the East African linage than to the samples from
<collectingCountry id="FAB40D84AD5768D3E779ED6DE4AA4F3D" name="Benin">Benin</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="04EC857F2214BFFCC2241A91DCB1D80E" name="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
. Analyses of cytogenetic data has affirmed the specific integrity of
<taxonomicName id="F3A0F3BD13CD954D65843F6F82526796" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="7804904198F954EE4D924B57D4F0AB49" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its closer phylogenetic relationship to West African
<taxonomicName id="A42D93945FB64DD6C66F2F461860FE0E" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgei">
<emphasis id="10E55EBD3D93A4A2498862BBCA39A8E4" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. ansorgei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="8B7D22108E0A79DA898D1395415A3049" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufinus">
<emphasis id="CFB98696BE122341BB32B3660FE3ED67" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. rufinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to the East African lineage consisting of
<taxonomicName id="AE93620D77442BDF583AE68C623BFF3E" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
<emphasis id="E629810C98A7EA8663E86D282AC0D470" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. niloticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="855DAE53ABFE8BAEAA1BF9027AF0DD2C" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="8872C9792A36532F6AA007493735B3D3" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D896E005E7A394E6D78E3AC562EB2E34" authorityName="Rüppell" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abyssinicus">
<emphasis id="45079C2CB0A2C2B5A73D684663F4D1C3" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. abyssinicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="85CED8EA8497A0D871B1B6AB3D16DE7E" authority="(Castiglia et al., 2003 a)" baseAuthorityName="Castiglia" baseAuthorityYear="2003" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blicki">
<emphasis id="F1B1AB066B38015045F187EEA8DEC309" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. blicki</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="349AEFEBDCE0B3304F19D8F6BB4D3007" author="Castiglia, R. &amp; M. Corti &amp; P. Tesha &amp; A. Scanzani &amp; C. Fadda &amp; E. Capanna &amp; W. Verheyen" refId="ref54314" refString="Castiglia, R., M. Corti, P. Tesha, A. Scanzani, C. Fadda, E. Capanna, and W. Verheyen. 2003 a. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 3. Comparative cytogenetics of A. neumanni and A. nairobae from Tanzania. Genetica, 118: 33 - 39." year="2003">
Castiglia et al., 2003
<emphasis id="9C786CD24CD8E02A8434555685C53EEA" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The inclusion of
<taxonomicName id="54D2BFB00B22DE71B79696CE7AAAE060" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rumruti">
<emphasis id="A6ED9F6AC5B83D1844FB91768B1BCFA3" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">rumruti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DBBA95754369B4CA03DA912FB1FDE1EF" authorityName="Wroughton" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nubilans">
<emphasis id="B2AAB02C44E41E327E18DE72ECC30780" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">nubilans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the synonymy above is based upon their identification as
<taxonomicName id="50C7E3F13F42B7BC2235B3E52298E4D0" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
<emphasis id="4E0A015033E4B5260D0B7AE6658F0BF5" italics="true" pageNumber="1287">A. nairobae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Fadda and Cortis (2001) morphometric analysis
</paragraph>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>