190 lines
18 KiB
XML
190 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1146-43" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B1CCD44D55C25FFD8D9DE752139E864F" ID-ZooBank="01E76F6AB9914F339BD6991090F07E80" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1146-43" checkinTime="1675846382090" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M. & Szűts, Tamas" docDate="2023" docId="E880632E356B528F934A5208AE2CF592" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1146: 43-86" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1146" docPubDate="2023-02-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517" docTitle="Dysdera Latreille 1804" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="B1CCD44D55C25FFD8D9DE752139E864F" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="B1CCD44D55C25FFD8D9DE752139E864F" masterDocTitle="A survey of the spider genus Dysdera Latreille, 1804 (Araneae, Dysderidae) in Iran, with fourteen new species and notes on two fossil genera" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1675846382090" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A survey of the spider genus Dysdera Latreille, 1804 (Araneae, Dysderidae) in Iran, with fourteen new species and notes on two fossil genera</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zamani, Alireza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8084-9666</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, FI- 20014 University of Turku, Turku, Finland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">zamani.alireza5@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Marusik, Yuri M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4499-5148</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Szűts, Tamas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8954-0641</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Rottenbiller u. 50, Budapest, 1077, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-07</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1146</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>43</mods:start>
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<mods:end>86</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1146-43</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">01E76F6AB9914F339BD6991090F07E80</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">B1CCD44D55C25FFD8D9DE752139E864F</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E880632E356B528F934A5208AE2CF592" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E880632E356B528F934A5208AE2CF592" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="494G" ID-ENA="58763" LSID="E880632E-356B-528F-934A-5208AE2CF592" authority="Latreille, 1804" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dysdera Latreille, 1804</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1802" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Aranea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aranea erythrina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erythrina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Aranea erythrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Walckenaer, 1802, from France.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be diagnosed from other dysderine genera by the interdistance of PLE and PME less than half of their diameter, three or four cheliceral teeth in one series, punctiform (= highly reduced) fovea, and femur I at least twice as long as coxa I. The bulb is cylindrical, bearing a broad posterior apophysis and a distal psembolus. The endogyne is composed by an anterior diverticulum bearing a dorsal arch and a ventral arch, a transverse receptacle and a posterior diverticulum bearing a transverse bar (
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<bibRefCitation author="Deeleman-Reinhold, CL" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="141 - 269" refId="B5" refString="Deeleman-Reinhold, CL, Deeleman, PR, 1988. Revision des Dysderinae (Araneae, Dysderidae), les especes mediterraneennes occidentales exceptees. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 131: 141 - 269" title="Revision des Dysderinae (Araneae, Dysderidae), les especes mediterraneennes occidentales exceptees." volume="131" year="1988">Deeleman-Reinhold and Deeleman 1988</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Le Peru, B" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 522" refId="B17" refString="Le Peru, B, 2011. The spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data: Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae. Memoires de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 2: 1 - 522" title="The spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data: Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae." volume="2" year="2011">Le Peru 2011</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<bibRefCitation author="Deeleman-Reinhold, CL" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="141 - 269" refId="B5" refString="Deeleman-Reinhold, CL, Deeleman, PR, 1988. Revision des Dysderinae (Araneae, Dysderidae), les especes mediterraneennes occidentales exceptees. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 131: 141 - 269" title="Revision des Dysderinae (Araneae, Dysderidae), les especes mediterraneennes occidentales exceptees." volume="131" year="1988">Deeleman-Reinhold and Deeleman (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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proposed nine species groups within
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kroneberg" authorityYear="1875" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera aculeata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aculeata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera aculeata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nosek" authorityYear="1905" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera asiatica" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera asiatica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1838" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera crocata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crocata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera crocata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamani & Marusik & Szűts" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera erythrina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erythrina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera erythrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Caporiacco" authorityYear="1929" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera festai" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="festai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera festai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reuss" authorityYear="1834" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera lata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera lata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Doblika" authorityYear="1853" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera longirostris" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera longirostris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Canestrini" authorityYear="1868" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera ninnii" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ninnii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera ninnii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1838" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera punctata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera punctata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Charitonov, DE" journalOrPublisher="Gor'kogo" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="17 - 39" refId="B1" refString="Charitonov, DE, 1956. Obzor paukov semeistva Dysderidae fauny SSSR. Uchenye Zapiski Molotovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Imeni A. M. Gor'kogo 10: 17 - 39" title="Obzor paukov semeistva Dysderidae fauny SSSR. Uchenye Zapiski Molotovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Imeni A. M." volume="10" year="1956">Charitonov (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5006.1.10" author="Fomichev, AA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="73 - 89" refId="B13" refString="Fomichev, AA, Marusik, YM, 2021. Notes on the spider genus Dysdera Latreille, 1804 (Araneae: Dysderidae) in Central Asia. Zootaxa 5006 (1): 73 - 89, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5006.1.10" title="Notes on the spider genus Dysdera Latreille, 1804 (Araneae: Dysderidae) in Central Asia." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5006.1.10" volume="5006" year="2021">Fomichev and Marusik (2021)</bibRefCitation>
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proposed an additional
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">cylindrica</emphasis>
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group composed of Central Asian species considered within
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nosek" authorityYear="1905" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera asiatica" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera asiatica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group by
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<bibRefCitation author="Deeleman-Reinhold, CL" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="141 - 269" refId="B5" refString="Deeleman-Reinhold, CL, Deeleman, PR, 1988. Revision des Dysderinae (Araneae, Dysderidae), les especes mediterraneennes occidentales exceptees. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 131: 141 - 269" title="Revision des Dysderinae (Araneae, Dysderidae), les especes mediterraneennes occidentales exceptees." volume="131" year="1988">Deeleman-Reinhold and Deeleman (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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, mostly based on their disjunct distribution. Here, we tentatively treat these species within
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kroneberg" authorityYear="1875" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera aculeata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aculeata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera aculeata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, primarily on the basis of the conformation of male palp and considering that the discovery of similar species in Iran fills this distributional gap. Furthermore, characters based on spination used by
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<bibRefCitation author="Deeleman-Reinhold, CL" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="141 - 269" refId="B5" refString="Deeleman-Reinhold, CL, Deeleman, PR, 1988. Revision des Dysderinae (Araneae, Dysderidae), les especes mediterraneennes occidentales exceptees. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 131: 141 - 269" title="Revision des Dysderinae (Araneae, Dysderidae), les especes mediterraneennes occidentales exceptees." volume="131" year="1988">Deeleman-Reinhold and Deeleman (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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in definition of the species groups are not followed here as they appear to be variable; assignment of the species treated here to their respective groups is primarily based on the conformation of male palp.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="composition">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Composition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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More than 310 species (
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<bibRefCitation author="Straus, A" journalOrPublisher="Berichte der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft Hannover" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" publicationUrl="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" refId="B24" refString="2022. . http://wsc.nmbe.ch" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2022">WSC 2022</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="aculeata species group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kroneberg" authorityYear="1875" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera aculeata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aculeata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera aculeata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This group can be diagnosed by a combination of the following characters: the carapace elongated and hexagonal, and the psembolus longer than the tegulum, with an anterior (= median) crest and an acuminate apex (
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<bibRefCitation author="Deeleman-Reinhold, CL" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="141 - 269" refId="B5" refString="Deeleman-Reinhold, CL, Deeleman, PR, 1988. Revision des Dysderinae (Araneae, Dysderidae), les especes mediterraneennes occidentales exceptees. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 131: 141 - 269" title="Revision des Dysderinae (Araneae, Dysderidae), les especes mediterraneennes occidentales exceptees." volume="131" year="1988">Deeleman-Reinhold and Deeleman 1988</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Comments.</emphasis>
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Currently, there is no clear distinction between the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kroneberg" authorityYear="1875" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera aculeata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aculeata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera aculeata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nosek" authorityYear="1905" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera asiatica" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera asiatica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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groups, both of which are in serious need of a thorough revision (see
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4938.5.6" author="Dimitrov, D" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="588 - 594" refId="B6" refString="Dimitrov, D, 2021. Description of Dysdera zonsteini n. sp. (Arachnida: Araneae: Dysderidae) from Turkmenistan. Zootaxa 4938 (5): 588 - 594, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4938.5.6" title="Description of Dysdera zonsteini n. sp. (Arachnida: Araneae: Dysderidae) from Turkmenistan." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4938.5.6" volume="4938" year="2021">Dimitrov 2021</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |