treatments-xml/data/E7/ED/AC/E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F.xml
2024-06-21 12:55:55 +02:00

1136 lines
59 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5bbfc64b-e551-4d6e-8894-ad8cad0a8948" ID-PMC="PMC8940830" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-193-9" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BA616DD0C07553299636F7488EA09C8B" ID-PubMed="35586124" ModsDocID="1314-2003-193-9" checkinTime="1647395847320" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Madika, Lydia K. &amp; Moteetee, Annah Ntsamaeeng" docDate="2022" docId="E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 193: 9-42" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 193" docPubDate="2022-03-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270" docTitle="Cynoglossum lanceolatum Forssk in Fl. Aegypt. Arab: 41 1775" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BA616DD0C07553299636F7488EA09C8B" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="BA616DD0C07553299636F7488EA09C8B" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the southern African species of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="9" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1668140697288" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of the southern African species of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Madika, Lydia K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany &amp; Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Moteetee, Annah Ntsamaeeng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2669-2506</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany &amp; Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">amoteetee@uj.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-03-15</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>193</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>9</mods:start>
<mods:end>42</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-193-9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BA616DD0C07553299636F7488EA09C8B</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="194043441" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
6
<taxonomicName authority="Forssk in Fl. Aegypt. Arab: 41 (1775)." authorityName="Forssk in Fl. Aegypt. Arab: 41" authorityYear="1775" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum lanceolatum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">Cynoglossum lanceolatum Forssk in Fl. Aegypt. Arab: 41 (1775).</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum hirsutum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutum">Cynoglossum hirsutum</taxonomicName>
Thunb., Prodr. Pl. Cap.: 34 (1794).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum hirsutum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutum">Cynoglossum hirsutum</taxonomicName>
Type: South Africa ♀♂, Precise locality unknown: Roggerveld,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C.P. Thunberg 168</emphasis>
, sub THUNB-UPS 3995 (UPS-microfiche! holotype).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum micranthum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="micranthum">Cynoglossum micranthum</taxonomicName>
Desf.: 220 (1804), nom. nud.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum canescens" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canescens">Cynoglossum canescens</taxonomicName>
Willdenow in Enum. Pl.: 180 (1809).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum canescens" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canescens">Cynoglossum canescens</taxonomicName>
Type: ♀♂, Precise locality unknown,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C.L. Willdenow</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">s.n</emphasis>
. (B-W,-image, lectotype, designated by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.224.1.1" author="K ӧnig, J" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 28" refId="B18" refString="Kӧnig, J, Siwakoti, M, Hilger, HH, Weigend, M, 2015. A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species. Phytotaxa 224 (1): 1 - 28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.224.1.1" title="A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.224.1.1" volume="224" year="2015">Kӧnig et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum racemosum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="racemosum">Cynoglossum racemosum</taxonomicName>
Roxb. in Fl. Ind.: 2:6 (1824), nom. illeg.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Echinospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Echinospermum paniculatum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paniculatum">Echinospermum paniculatum</taxonomicName>
E.Mey. ex. A.DC., Prodr. [A.P.de Candolle] 10: 149,143 (1846). ♀♂, Type: same as above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Paracynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paracynoglossum lanceolatum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">Paracynoglossum lanceolatum</taxonomicName>
(Forssk.) R.R.Mill. in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb.: 474 (1984). ♀♂Type: same as above.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1763-03" collectorName="P. Forsskal" country="Yemen" location="Al Hadiyah" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Yemen">Yemen</collectingCountry>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:15B5FC6B16A24901875B9910F9857B74" country="Yemen" name="Al Hadiyah">Al Hadiyah</location>
,
<collectingDate value="1763-03">Mar 1763</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>P. Forsskal</collectorName>
312
</emphasis>
(C-image!
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
Annual or biennial herbs,
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="m" value="0.7" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.5">0.5-0.9 m</quantity>
in height, covered with simple hairs. Basal leaves 85-180
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="15.0">15-23 mm</quantity>
, lanceolate-obtuse, blade elliptic, softly hairy, deciduous. Stem leaves 40-65
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.8" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="8.0">8-18 mm</quantity>
, lanceolate, apex acute, base cuneate, covered with moderately stiff hairs. Trichomes brittle, simple on both leaf surfaces. Inflorescence dichotomously branched axillary cyme, pedicel
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1-1.5 mm</quantity>
long. Calyx ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1-1.5 mm</quantity>
long, lobe ovate-obtuse, pubescent on the outer surface, inner surface glabrous, apex acute. Corolla white with pale blue throat; lobes ca. 1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, campanulate. Nutlets ovoid-convex, 3-4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5-3.5 mm</quantity>
, fully pubescent; glochidia equally thick and long (Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Morphological characters of Cynoglossum lanceolatum A line drawing of the fruiting branch B Glochidia evenly distributed on the adaxial surface of the nutlet C Glochidia uniform size, with multiangular tip. Voucher specimen: S. P. Bester 4653 (PRE). Drawing scale bar: 7.0 mm. SEM scale bar: 1 mm (B); 100 µm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/658897" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/658897" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 13.</emphasis>
Morphological characters of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forssk in Fl. Aegypt. Arab: 41" authorityYear="1775" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum lanceolatum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Cynoglossum lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
line drawing of the fruiting branch
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
Glochidia evenly distributed on the adaxial surface of the nutlet
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
Glochidia uniform size, with multiangular tip. Voucher specimen:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">S.P. Bester 4653</emphasis>
(PRE). Drawing scale bar: 7.0 mm. SEM scale bar:
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
); 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">August to May.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
Least Concern (
<bibRefCitation author="Raimondo, D" journalOrPublisher="South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria," pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="23 - 35" refId="B24" refString="Raimondo, D, von Staden, L, Foden, W, Victor, JE, Helme, NA, Turner, RC, Kamundi, DA, Manyama, PA, 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 86: 23 - 35" title="Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25." volume="86" year="2009">Raimondo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Diagnostic characters.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
Amongst the southern African species,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. lanceolatum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C. lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar and possibly related to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verdc. in Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac.: 110" authorityYear="1991" baseAuthorityName="Baker &amp; C. H. Wright" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. var. var. mannii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="coeruleum" subSpecies="var." variety="mannii">Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. johnstonii var. mannii</taxonomicName>
with which it shares the branching pattern of the inflorescence, flower colour, and nutlet size. The two species can be distinguished by the density of the glochidia on the nutlets and distribution.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forssk in Fl. Aegypt. Arab: 41" authorityYear="1775" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum lanceolatum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Cynoglossum lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nutlets are completely covered with glochidia, whereas in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verdc. in Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac.: 110" authorityYear="1991" baseAuthorityName="Baker &amp; C. H. Wright" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. var. var. mannii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="coeruleum" subSpecies="var." variety="mannii">Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. johnstonii var. mannii</taxonomicName>
glochidia tend to be more marginal and acentric.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forssk in Fl. Aegypt. Arab: 41" authorityYear="1775" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum lanceolatum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Cynoglossum lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
originates from Yemen (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.224.1.1" author="K ӧnig, J" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 28" refId="B18" refString="Kӧnig, J, Siwakoti, M, Hilger, HH, Weigend, M, 2015. A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species. Phytotaxa 224 (1): 1 - 28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.224.1.1" title="A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.224.1.1" volume="224" year="2015">Kӧnig et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
) but reported from Africa (
<bibRefCitation author="Ge-Ling, Z" editor="Wu, ZY" journalOrPublisher="Flora of China" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="329 - 431" refId="B9" refString="Ge-Ling, Z, Riedl, H, Kamelin, R, 1995. Boraginaceae. In: Wu, ZY, Raven, PH, Eds., Science Press, Bejing. Flora of China 16: 329 - 431" title="Boraginaceae." volume="16" volumeTitle="Science Press, Bejing." year="1995">Ge-Ling et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
), Pakistan, India (
<bibRefCitation author="Joshi, K" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="32 - 39" publicationUrl="https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2016/vol5issue4/PartA/5-3-41-288.pdf" refId="B17" refString="Joshi, K, 2016. Cynoglossum L.: A review on phytochemistry and chemotherapeutical potential. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 5 (4): 32 - 39, https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2016/vol5issue4/PartA/5-3-41-288.pdf" title="Cynoglossum L.: A review on phytochemistry and chemotherapeutical potential." url="https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2016/vol5issue4/PartA/5-3-41-288.pdf" volume="5" year="2016">Joshi 2016</bibRefCitation>
), the Mediterranean, and throughout Asia (
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt, B" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" refId="B33" refString="Verdcourt, B, 1991. Boraginaceae. In: Polhill RM (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" title="Boraginaceae. In: Polhill RM (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa." year="1991">Verdcourt 1991</bibRefCitation>
) and Madagascar (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.224.1.1" author="K ӧnig, J" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 28" refId="B18" refString="Kӧnig, J, Siwakoti, M, Hilger, HH, Weigend, M, 2015. A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species. Phytotaxa 224 (1): 1 - 28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.224.1.1" title="A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.224.1.1" volume="224" year="2015">Kӧnig et al.2015</bibRefCitation>
). In South Africa it occurs widely in all provinces, it also occurs in eSwatini and Lesotho (Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Known distribution of Cynoglossum lanceolatum in southern Africa based on the specimens examined." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/658898" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">14</figureCitation>
). It is a widespread species that grows in disturbed habitats throughout parts of Africa.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/658898" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 14.</emphasis>
Known distribution of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forssk in Fl. Aegypt. Arab: 41" authorityYear="1775" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum lanceolatum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Cynoglossum lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in southern Africa based on the specimens examined.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1915-05-20" collectingDateMax="2019-02-01" collectingDateMin="1915-05-20" collectorName="J. P. M. Acocks, G. Hemm, Van Vuuren, J. C. Scheepers, H. Wafen, A. N. Moteetee, L. K. Madika, K. L. Immelman, B. J. Huntley, B. Sachse, F. van der Meulen, S. M. Johnson, A. Balsinhas, Carletonville, A, S. van Wyk, B. Ubbink, R. J. Robin, C. A. Smith, A. O. D. Mogg, S. P. Bester, K. A. Landsdell, G. J. Bredenkamp, Barnard, Mogg, Pilgrim's Rest" country="South Africa" county="Waterpoort" location="Sibasa District" municipality="Wylies Poort" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Limpopo">
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Limpopo">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
: 2229 (
<collectingCounty>Waterpoort</collectingCounty>
):
<collectingMunicipality>Wylies Poort</collectingMunicipality>
(-DD),
<collectingDate value="1938-10-17">17 Oct 1938</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>J.P.M. Acocks</collectorName>
1295
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2230 (Messina):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:D750A0F5F452F0FCAD355F13787F6748" country="South Africa" county="Waterpoort" municipality="Wylies Poort" name="Sibasa District" stateProvince="Limpopo">Sibasa District</location>
(-CD),
<collectingDate value="1977-06-21">21 Jun 1977</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>G. Hemm</collectorName>
163
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2329 (Polokwane):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:D75B6AF8246F4BADEA3AC589970AE539" country="South Africa" county="Waterpoort" municipality="Wylies Poort" name="Polokwane Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Limpopo">Polokwane Nature Reserve</location>
(-CD),
<collectingDate value="1979-01-12">12 Jan 1979</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Bredenkamp</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>Van Vuuren</collectorName>
307
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2330 (Tzaneen): Letaba (-CA),
<collectingDate value="1958-04-02">2 Apr 1958</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>J.C. Scheepers</collectorName>
219
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:C298D4A877148A6CCAB996CA21A9E865" country="South Africa" county="Waterpoort" municipality="Wylies Poort" name="Woodbush Forest Reserve" stateProvince="Limpopo">Woodbush Forest Reserve</location>
(-CC),
<collectingDate value="1923-01">Jan 1923</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>H. Wafen</collectorName>
22973
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<collectingDate value="2019-02-01">1 Feb 2019</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A.N. Moteetee</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>L.K. Madika</collectorName>
AL07
</emphasis>
(JRAU). 2428 (Modimolle): Waterberg, Kwaggasnek-Alma Road (-CC),
<collectingDate value="1981-02-13">13 Feb 1981</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>K.L. Immelman</collectorName>
118a
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2429 (Zebediela): Zebediela (-AA),
<collectingDate value="1967-02-05">5 Feb 1967</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>B.J. Huntley</collectorName>
1033
</emphasis>
(PRE); 2430 (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pilgrims">Pilgrim's</normalizedToken>
Rest):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:67FF151664C85B19B9203AE9DC4F3549" country="South Africa" county="Waterpoort" municipality="Wylies Poort" name="Sekhukhune District" stateProvince="Limpopo">Sekhukhune District</location>
Municipality,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:2F9E4F9D36D2FA094F408B171C94F291" country="South Africa" county="Waterpoort" municipality="Wylies Poort" name="Leolo Mountain" stateProvince="Limpopo">Leolo Mountain</location>
,
<locationDeviation location="Tama Kgoshi">SE of Tama Kgoshi</locationDeviation>
(-CA),
<collectingDate value="2007-03-14">14 Mar 2007</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>B. Sachse</collectorName>
466
</emphasis>
(PRE). North-West: 2526 (Zeerust): Zeerust along road to Koster (-CA),
<collectingDate value="1976-02-04">4 Feb 1976</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>F. van der Meulen</collectorName>
597
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2527 (Rustenburg): Rustenburg (-CA),
<collectingDate value="1949-12-27">27 Dec 1949</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>S.M. Johnson</collectorName>
854
</emphasis>
(NBG). 2626 (Lichtenburg): Municipal Caravan Park (-AA),
<collectingDate value="1978-03-19">19 Mar 1978</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A. Balsinhas</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Harding 3303</emphasis>
(PRE). 2627 (Potchefstroom):
<collectorName>Carletonville, A</collectorName>
.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:7DCFFA3E24DAAB0E75292DA252487CCF" country="South Africa" county="Waterpoort" municipality="Wylies Poort" name="Bailey Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Limpopo">Bailey Nature Reserve</location>
(-AD),
<collectingDate value="1983-04">Apr 1983</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>S. van Wyk</collectorName>
180
</emphasis>
(PRE); Mooiriver (-CA),
<collectingDate value="1984-03-09">9 Mar 1984</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>B. Ubbink</collectorName>
1257
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2724 (Taung):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:4E17B4E2D710D88D501FD101E4EB2C26" country="South Africa" county="Waterpoort" municipality="Wylies Poort" name="West of Harz River" stateProvince="Limpopo">West of Harz River</location>
near Taung,
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="km" value="120.0">120 km</quantity>
north of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:42FABFCA7DE9E8CE05D26182E8EC3876" country="South Africa" county="Waterpoort" municipality="Wylies Poort" name="Kimberley" stateProvince="Limpopo">Kimberley</location>
(-DB),
<collectingDate value="1948-02-11">11 Feb 1948</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>R.J. Robin</collectorName>
3628
</emphasis>
(PRE).
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Gauteng">Gauteng</collectingRegion>
: 2528 (Pretoria): Brooklyn (-CA),
<collectingDate value="1915-05-20">20 May 1915</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>C.A. Smith</collectorName>
191
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<collectingDate value="1915-05-24">24 May 1915</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>C.A. Smith</collectorName>
194A
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<collectingDate value="1915-12-10">10 Dec 1915</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A.O.D. Mogg</collectorName>
11846
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<collectingDate value="1925-11">Nov 1925</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>C.A. Smith</collectorName>
1220
</emphasis>
(PRE); Doornpoort, Airport Road (-CA),
<collectingDate value="2009-10-26">26 Oct 2009</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">S.P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Bester 9734</emphasis>
</collectorName>
(PRE);
<collectingDate value="2018-11-14">14 Nov 2018</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A.N. Moteetee</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>L.K. Madika</collectorName>
AL01
</emphasis>
(JRAU); Doornpoort/ Hartbeesfontein (-CB),
<collectingDate value="2004-01-24">24 Jan 2004</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>S.P. Bester</collectorName>
4653
</emphasis>
(PRE); Brooklyn (-CC),
<collectingDate value="1920-04-11">11 Apr 1920</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>K.A. Landsdell</collectorName>
864
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2628 (Johannesburg): Randburg, Lanseria (-AA),
<collectingDate value="2018-11-20">20 Nov 2018</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A.N. Moteetee</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>L.K. Madika</collectorName>
AL02
</emphasis>
(JRAU); Suikkersbosrand (-CB),
<collectingDate value="1971-12-27">27 Dec 1971</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>G.J. Bredenkamp</collectorName>
594
</emphasis>
(PRE).
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga">Mpumalanga</collectingRegion>
: 2429 (Zebediela):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:0451469246A352EE78539072E9CEB5CF" country="South Africa" county="Waterpoort" municipality="Wylies Poort" name="Mashishing District" stateProvince="Limpopo">Mashishing District</location>
(-DD),
<collectingDate value="1939-01-08">8 January 1939</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>Barnard</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>Mogg</collectorName>
860
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2430 (
<collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pilgrims">Pilgrim's</normalizedToken>
Rest
</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1917-03" collectingDateMax="2019-03-07" collectingDateMin="1917-03" collectorName="M. Stalmans, N. Jacobsen, G. K. Theron, J. P. Kluge, E. J. Van Jaarsveld, K. W. Grieve, J. J. Meyer, W. Jacobsen, M. Crosby, S. J. Siebert, L. Smook, L. C. C. Liebenberg, H. A. Janod, M. L. Jacobsz, C. A. Smith, F. Siebert, C. J. Youthed, A. N. Moteetee, L. K. Madika" country="Malta" county="Marinella" location="White River District" municipality="Ohrigstad Dam Nature Reserve" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry name="Malta">Malta</collectingCountry>
near
<collectingCounty>Marinella</collectingCounty>
(-AA),
<collectingDate value="1984-08-16">16 Aug 1984</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>M. Stalmans</collectorName>
114
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<collectingMunicipality>Ohrigstad Dam Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
(-DC),
<collectingDate value="1973-05-22">22 May 1973</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>N. Jacobsen</collectorName>
2861
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2529 (Emalahleni): Loskop Dam (-AD),
<collectingDate value="1967-01-12">12 Jan 1967</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>G.K. Theron</collectorName>
1129
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2530 (Mashishing): Witklip (-BD),
<collectingDate value="1973-12-04">4 Dec 1973</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>J.P. Kluge</collectorName>
359
</emphasis>
(PRE); Lowveld Botanical Gardens (-BD),
<collectingDate value="1974-12-18">18 Dec 1974</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>E.J. Van Jaarsveld</collectorName>
199
</emphasis>
(NBG); Waterval Onder, Ntsinini (-CD),
<collectingDate value="2008-12-26">26 Dec 2008</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>K.W. Grieve</collectorName>
250
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<collectingDate value="2011-01-23">23 Jan 2011</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>K.W. Grieve</collectorName>
342
</emphasis>
(PRE); Barberton (-DD),
<collectingDate value="2000-01-24">24 Jan 2000</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>J.J. Meyer</collectorName>
2603
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2531 (Beersrust):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:79D63A5F3B06CF8BB56250B92D044476" country="Malta" county="Marinella" municipality="Ohrigstad Dam Nature Reserve" name="White River District">White River District</location>
(-AC),
<collectingDate value="1983-04">Apr 1983</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>W. Jacobsen</collectorName>
5363
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2630 (Carolina): Chrissiesmeer (-AC),
<collectingDate value="1972-01-05">5 Jan 1972</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>G.K. Theron</collectorName>
2402
</emphasis>
(PRE); Chrissiesmeer, on road to Lochiel (-BA),
<collectingDate value="1986-03-06">6 Mar 1986</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>M. Crosby</collectorName>
273
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2730 (Vryheid): Farm Doornhoek along
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:2B2E9589520F9C2A387B9B6B84003173" country="Malta" county="Marinella" municipality="Ohrigstad Dam Nature Reserve" name="Assegaai river">Assegaai river</location>
(-AA),
<collectingDate value="2006-12-15">15 Dec 2006</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>S.J. Siebert</collectorName>
3246
</emphasis>
(PRE). Free State: 2729 (Volksrust): Vrede (-CB),
<collectingDate value="1987-02-05">5 Feb 1987</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>L. Smook</collectorName>
6455
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2828 (Bethlehem):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:25252B0E601FA9DDBB5ADD12F852CB7F" country="Malta" county="Marinella" municipality="Ohrigstad Dam Nature Reserve" name="Golden Gate National Park">Golden Gate National Park</location>
(-DA),
<collectingDate value="1963-01">Jan 1963</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>L.C.C. Liebenberg</collectorName>
6831
</emphasis>
(PRE); Witsieshoek (-DB),
<collectingDate value="1917-03">Mar 1917</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>H.A. Janod</collectorName>
17317
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2829 (Harrismith):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:12E41B441B36F7DFC0A0C624F6011249" country="Malta" county="Marinella" municipality="Ohrigstad Dam Nature Reserve" name="Harrismith District">Harrismith District</location>
(-AC),
<collectingDate value="1974-03-08">8 Mar 1974</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>M.L. Jacobsz</collectorName>
2036
</emphasis>
(PRE). Kwazulu-Natal: 2729 (Utrecht): Volksrust (-BD),
<collectingDate value="1928-01">Jan 1928</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>C.A. Smith</collectorName>
5730
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2730 (Vryheid):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:D912E7767B8D8E685926504799ECC3E4" country="Malta" county="Marinella" municipality="Ohrigstad Dam Nature Reserve" name="Oshoek District">Oshoek District</location>
, Wakkerstroom (-AB),
<collectingDate value="2002-12-26">26 Dec 2002</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>S.J. Siebert</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>F. Siebert</collectorName>
2279
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:5C0BCA8B9D305D378C3516428AB8E7E4" country="Malta" county="Marinella" municipality="Ohrigstad Dam Nature Reserve" name="Vryheid Nature Reserve">Vryheid Nature Reserve</location>
(-DC),
<collectingDate value="1988-02-23">23 Feb 1988</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>C.J. Youthed</collectorName>
11
</emphasis>
(NH);
<collectingDate value="2019-03-07">7 March 2019</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A.N. Moteetee</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>L.K. Madika</collectorName>
AL09
</emphasis>
(JRAU). 2731 (Louwsburg):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:C6F498E8FFABC88DFA197BE7F6534063" country="Malta" county="Marinella" municipality="Ohrigstad Dam Nature Reserve" name="Louwsburg District">Louwsburg District</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:A4B83E74EE80EB7D4D17763FAC9B7049" country="Malta" county="Marinella" municipality="Ohrigstad Dam Nature Reserve" name="Itala Nature Reserve">Itala Nature Reserve</location>
(-CB),
<collectingDate value="1978-01-15">15 Jan 1978</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
D.J.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1893-12-16" collectingDateMax="2003-05-27" collectingDateMin="1893-12-16" collectorName="R. Schlechter, O. M. Hilliard, B. L. Burtt, A. J. W. Bayer, N. E. Shirley, H. Kennedy, S. J. Siebert, M. L. Jacobsz, M. A. Rennie, T. Edwards, S. M. Johnson, K. L. Immelman, B. L. Howlett, M. Grice, D. G. Stielau, R. G. Strey, J. G. Lawn, J. Manning, Dec, J, H. H. Hilger, J. M. Wood, G. L. Lewis, A. M. Ngwenya, J. Thode, B. S. Fischer, A. Hutchings, M. C. Gillett, P. B. Phillipson, G. E. Gibbs Russell, J. C. Jane, A. R. H. Martin, C. J. Kayombo, A. A. Merti, J. J. Meyer" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" location="Royal Natal National Park" municipality="Crocodile River" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">Mcdonald</collectingCountry>
443 (PRE). 2828 (
<collectingCounty>Bethlehem</collectingCounty>
):
<collectingMunicipality>Crocodile River</collectingMunicipality>
(-DB),
<collectingDate value="1893-12-16">16 Dec 1893</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>R. Schlechter</collectorName>
3980
</emphasis>
(NH);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:B3A4A77E7464EC76E9ED501F098BCDC0" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Royal Natal National Park">Royal Natal National Park</location>
(-DB),
<collectingDate value="1984-02-17">17 Feb 1984</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>O.M. Hilliard</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>B.L. Burtt</collectorName>
17662
</emphasis>
(NU); Tugela gorge (-DB),
<collectingDate value="1982-02-06">6 Feb 1982</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>O.M. Hilliard</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>B.L. Burtt</collectorName>
15454
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:57B547F95F585569C3F6A2468F8E54B3" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Tugela valley">Tugela valley</location>
(-DD),
<collectingDate value="1926-02-14">14 Feb 1926</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A.J.W. Bayer</collectorName>
47
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2829 (Harrismith): Ladysmith (-DB),
<collectingDate value="1965-11-01">1 Nov 1965</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>N.E. Shirley</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(NU). 2831 (Nkandla): Nkandla,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:860BF5CD91D1124522EDECE0A9D565F4" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Ferncliff Nature Reserve">Ferncliff Nature Reserve</location>
(-CA),
<collectingDate value="1994-02-14">14 Feb 1994</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>H. Kennedy</collectorName>
533
</emphasis>
(NU);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:E5B274E3549C4531A36AEA5B102D4B20" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="University of KwaZulu-Natal">University of KwaZulu-Natal</location>
(-DD),
<collectingDate value="2003-05-27">27 May 2003</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>S.J. Siebert</collectorName>
2333
</emphasis>
(NH). 2929 (Underberg):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:C14D14E864B68CE96AC10585C85DE014" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Loteni Nature Reserve">Loteni Nature Reserve</location>
(-AD),
<collectingDate value="1978-12-13">13 Dec 1978</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>M.L. Jacobsz</collectorName>
3937
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:C0ABB03D64B0C50840D43F4AED7F7029" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Mpendhle District">Mpendhle District</location>
(-BC),
<collectingDate value="1978-12-24">24 Dec 1978</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>O.M. Hilliard</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>B.L. Burtt</collectorName>
11804
</emphasis>
(NU, PRE);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:EE04393FA825F418938B3616506D8745" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Polela District">Polela District</location>
(-CB),
<collectingDate value="1974-04-06">6 Apr 1974</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>M.A. Rennie</collectorName>
545
</emphasis>
(NU); Waterfall (-DD),
<collectingDate value="2002-03">Mar 2002</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>T. Edwards</collectorName>
2731
</emphasis>
(NU). 2930 (Pietermaritzburg): Victoria (-AA),
<collectingDate value="1955-04-12">12 Apr 1955</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>S.M. Johnson</collectorName>
1152
</emphasis>
(NH); Tweedie (-AC),
<collectingDate value="1927-12-31">31 Dec 1927</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Forbes 293</emphasis>
(NH);
<collectingDate value="1982-02-28">28 Feb 1982</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>K.L. Immelman</collectorName>
260
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:E6E5CFE7CB0D896076F4322500D55108" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Loskop District">Loskop District</location>
(-AD),
<collectingDate value="1946-02-11">11 Feb 1946</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>B.L. Howlett</collectorName>
80
</emphasis>
(NH); Pietermaritzburg (-CB),
<collectingDate value="1976-02-29">29 Feb 1976</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>M. Grice</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(NU);
<collectingDate value="1987-10-14">14 Oct 1987</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Renecken 6</emphasis>
(GRA); Botanic Garden Estate (-CB),
<collectingDate value="1991-12-08">8 Dec 1991</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>D.G. Stielau</collectorName>
135
</emphasis>
(NH, PRE); Cottingham (-CC),
<collectingDate value="1969-03-23">23 Mar 1969</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>R.G. Strey</collectorName>
8420
</emphasis>
(NU); Durban Road (-CD),
<collectingDate value="1950-11-19">19 Nov 1950</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>J.G. Lawn</collectorName>
1820
</emphasis>
(NH); Umgeni Water Board, (-DA),
<collectingDate value="1984-10-20">20 Oct 1984</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>J. Manning</collectorName>
536
</emphasis>
(NU); Inanda (-DB),
<collectorName>
Dec,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">J. Medley-Wood 370</emphasis>
</collectorName>
(NH);
<collectingDate value="1983-11-25">25 Nov 1983</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>H.H. Hilger</collectorName>
35
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:1D1BA8FBC4DE0D9ABD301D64B0E2F5A9" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Pinetown District">Pinetown District</location>
(-DD),
<collectingDate value="1913-11-28">28 Nov 1913</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>J.M. Wood</collectorName>
12373
</emphasis>
(NU). 3029 (Kokstad): Harding, Victoria East (-CA),
<collectingDate value="1955-04-30">30 Apr 1955</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>G.L. Lewis</collectorName>
4914
</emphasis>
(PRE); Harding,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:C826B73FDDC882EA819B28ABBF90D137" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Alfred District">Alfred District</location>
(-DB),
<collectingDate value="1983-03-02">2 Mar 1983</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>O.M. Hilliard</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>B.L. Burtt</collectorName>
16755
</emphasis>
(NU). 3030 (
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:9C0B065B1A77E1C4FAE5937388036755" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Port Shepstone">Port Shepstone</location>
): Dumisa (-AD),
<collectingDate value="1992-12-09">9 Dec 1992</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A.M. Ngwenya</collectorName>
1071
</emphasis>
(NH).
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:868D0E79592E69A4180096505E8F92A2" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Western Cape">Western Cape</location>
: 3318 (
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:9819F6BF7929DDC45411D3D4663EA46B" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Cape Town">Cape Town</location>
): Zondagsfontein (-DC), Dec-Mar 1930-1,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>J. Thode</collectorName>
A2838
</emphasis>
(NH);
<collectingDate value="1943-10-18">18 Oct 1943</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>B.S. Fischer</collectorName>
498
</emphasis>
(NU).
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:D9FBC4287B873F2C4DDDEEA923FDF65C" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Eastern Cape">Eastern Cape</location>
: 3128 (Mjika):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:27A0D16E9B4426C9075BF6F466CAD53B" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Mahlahlane Forest">Mahlahlane Forest</location>
(-BC),
<collectingDate value="1985-03-06">6 Mar 1985</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A. Hutchings</collectorName>
1590
</emphasis>
(GRA). 3129 (
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:2CF9A3FBDFF48B70424B4C5EC682A8F4" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Port St. John's">
Port St.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Johns">John's</normalizedToken>
</location>
): Kloof above
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:70524111AD4480F33716555C9D2AD37D" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Port St. Johns">Port St. Johns</location>
(-DA),
<collectingDate value="1936-01-31">31 Jan 1936</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>M.C. Gillett</collectorName>
1257
</emphasis>
(PRE). 3226 (
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:CA1E8DAF477E56ADE35F077FF8D9ED55" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Fort Beaufort">Fort Beaufort</location>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:E18D02D8338C6D2765DDAFEC9697CBA4" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Amatole Mountain">Amatole Mountain</location>
(-DB),
<collectingDate value="1986-05-01">1 May 1986</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>P.B. Phillipson</collectorName>
1492
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:31011737BF3B23C84D96B65780D11944" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Fort Beaufort">Fort Beaufort</location>
(-DD),
<collectingDate value="1977-03-21">21 Mar 1977</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>G.E. Gibbs Russell</collectorName>
3735
</emphasis>
(GRA). 3326 (Grahamstown):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:B9A22E5FDCBF60A86A7C38036E4D413A" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Grahamstown Nature Reserve">Grahamstown Nature Reserve</location>
(-BC),
<collectingDate value="1917-02">Feb 1917</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>J.C. Jane</collectorName>
17131
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<collectingDate value="1952-04-01">1 Apr 1952</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A.R.H. Martin</collectorName>
9466
</emphasis>
(GRA); Featherstone Kloof (-BC),
<collectingDate value="2001-07-18">18 Jul 2001</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>C.J. Kayombo</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A.A. Merti</collectorName>
3719
</emphasis>
(GRA). 3227 (Stutterheim):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:E9ABA511D2A56DF48DFC53B478A6F665" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="Stutterheim District">Stutterheim District</location>
(-CB),
<collectingDate value="1979-01-28">28 Jan 1979</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>O.M. Hilliard</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>B.L. Burtt</collectorName>
12427
</emphasis>
(NU); Kababu Hills (-CA),
<collectingDate value="1936-02-05">5 Feb 1936</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>M.C. Gillett</collectorName>
1325
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:4D32B1410FCA398AC21BD29C33BEC95D" country="Mcdonald" county="Bethlehem" municipality="Crocodile River" name="East London">East London</location>
(-DB),
<collectingDate value="2001-12-11">11 Dec 2001</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>J.J. Meyer</collectorName>
4067
</emphasis>
(PRE)
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1954-11-27" collectingDateMax="1994-01-27" collectingDateMin="1954-11-27" collectorName="G. Germishuizen, S. R. Hobson, R. J. Compton" country="eSwatini" county="Hlambanyathi valley" location="Hhoho District" municipality="Mucucene Hills" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry name="Swaziland">eSwatini</collectingCountry>
. 2631 (Hhoho):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:C43FF2CA3F76BD63C743727D63FAE8B5" country="eSwatini" county="Hlambanyathi valley" municipality="Mucucene Hills" name="Hhoho District">Hhoho District</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:EFC82261DA993F3E108F0DC43EDC4A73" country="eSwatini" county="Hlambanyathi valley" municipality="Mucucene Hills" name="Masilela area">Masilela area</location>
on
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:350D89EB054169D7120A16158259078A" country="eSwatini" county="Hlambanyathi valley" municipality="Mucucene Hills" name="Maphalaleni">Maphalaleni</location>
road along
<collectingMunicipality>Mucucene Hills</collectingMunicipality>
(-AB),
<collectingDate value="1994-01-27">27 Jan 1994</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>G. Germishuizen</collectorName>
7173
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">7174</emphasis>
(PRE);
<collectingDate value="1994-01-24">24 Jan 1994</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>S.R. Hobson</collectorName>
2048
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<collectingCounty>Hlambanyathi valley</collectingCounty>
(-AC),
<collectingDate value="1954-11-27">27 Nov 1954</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>R.J. Compton</collectorName>
24864
</emphasis>
(NBG); Mbabane (-AC),
<collectingDate value="1955-01-14">14 Jan 1955</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>R.J. Compton</collectorName>
24834
</emphasis>
(PRE)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1954-01-07" collectingDateMax="1980-04-11" collectingDateMin="1954-01-07" collectorName="A. Jacot Guillarmod, M. Schmitz, B. N. Ubbink" country="Lesotho" county="Monethi's" location="Sehlabathebe National Park" municipality="Mountain Road" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maseru">
<collectingCountry name="Lesotho">Lesotho</collectingCountry>
. 2927 (
<collectingRegion country="Lesotho" name="Maseru">Maseru</collectingRegion>
):
<normalizedToken originalValue="Monethis">
<collectingCounty>Monethi's</collectingCounty>
</normalizedToken>
,
<collectingRegion country="Lesotho" name="Berea">Berea</collectingRegion>
(-BB),
<collectingDate value="1957-01-01">1 Jan 1957</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A. Jacot Guillarmod</collectorName>
1910
</emphasis>
(PRE);
<collectingMunicipality>Mountain Road</collectingMunicipality>
(-BD),
<collectingDate value="1977-03">Mar 1977</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>M. Schmitz</collectorName>
7317
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2928 (Marakabei): Loskop (-AB),
<collectingDate value="1980-04-11">11 Apr 1980</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>B.N. Ubbink</collectorName>
974
</emphasis>
(NH); Molika-lika (-AC),
<collectingDate value="1954-01-07">7 Jan 1954</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName>A. Jacot Guillarmod</collectorName>
1674
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2929 (Underberg): Thaba
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ntšo">Ntso</normalizedToken>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7EDAC9C47B694C1549C933797AA8A8F:6BDB56C4E998D9EECEB47BE29D4C9BA9" country="Lesotho" county="Monethi's" municipality="Mountain Road" name="Sehlabathebe National Park" stateProvince="Maseru">Sehlabathebe National Park</location>
(-CC),
<collectingDate value="1973-01-04" valueMax="1973-01-14" valueMin="1973-01-04">4-14 Jan 1973</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Jacot Guillarmod</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Getliffe</emphasis>
, and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Mzamane 142</emphasis>
(PRE)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
Unknown localities: No locality details,
<date value="1948-01-30">30 Jan 1948</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">B.S. Fischer 1426</emphasis>
(NU).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="taxonomic notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Taxonomic notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
The specimen in the National Herbarium Pretoria (PRE) collected in the Doornpoort area in Gauteng Province (Voucher number:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">S.P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Bester 9734</emphasis>
(PRE)) belongs to
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. lanceolatum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C. lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and not to
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. amabile" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amabile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C. amabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
since it has characters which are typical of this species, i.e., white corolla with a blue throat instead of bluish-purple corolla and divaricately branched instead of clustered at the apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>