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<document id="07DE91FB38EA0DC8B02ABBB164A4BB6E" ID-CLB-Dataset="298075" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.100.124160" ID-GBIF-Dataset="804a21b0-1e61-459b-9e82-e62467208acf" ID-ZooBank="0E190BDE-BF4D-4F7E-A8C0-9AB5383D8BC8" ID-publisher-id="124160" URI-arpha="7DFD1C05-963A-510F-B6B5-BCEA66CD1879" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/0E190BDE-BF4D-4F7E-A8C0-9AB5383D8BC8" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1717507323192" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yang, Lan, Li, Shuqiang &amp; Yao, Zhiyuan" docDate="2024" docId="BB00237AB2B257699F0F00F68E002954" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(2): 705-720" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 100 (2)" docSource="https://zse.pensoft.net/article/124160/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Bifurcia luding Yang &amp; Li &amp; Yao 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="3031952B-E440-40FB-8DB8-A68AC1D35336" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="720" masterDocId="7DFD1C05963A510FB6B5BCEA66CD1879" masterDocTitle="Five new species of the spider genus Bifurcia Saaristo, Tu &amp; Li, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae) from Sichuan, China" masterLastPageNumber="720" masterPageNumber="705" pageNumber="705" updateTime="1717517334693" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2B916109FFADBA44D933A1F525EFFE1C">Five new species of the spider genus Bifurcia Saaristo, Tu &amp; Li, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae) from Sichuan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6000C21047261D01244ACA8A29835842">Yang, Lan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2609D7713589D26D61E583EF6111D205">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="53FD378B8CB6F01BBF193B01A90D9118">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="80CCABB686F31750BDD9AA06BD6D841B">Yao, Zhiyuan</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="BB00237AB2B257699F0F00F68E002954" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11474097" ID-GBIF-Taxon="232134994" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11474097" ID-arpha="BB00237A-B2B2-5769-9F0F-00F68E002954" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/3031952B-E440-40FB-8DB8-A68AC1D35336" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3031952B-E440-40FB-8DB8-A68AC1D35336" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3031952B-E440-40FB-8DB8-A68AC1D35336" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB00237AB2B257699F0F00F68E002954">
<subSubSection id="B5316490BE73C00AA7AC80BBC7460B78" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C32B381917A7320DEB20D80CEBA95372">
<taxonomicName id="E6168D3F07A211B84B179415468A8A86" authority="Yang &amp; Li &amp; Yao, 2024" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Bifurcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luding" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="867B35AD09EC698F4A396B1DC18A2063" italics="true">Bifurcia luding</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1E6913C5C67816437574B257C8EE60CE" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="392BFE3AAE8805924211C523F286DE96" type="description">
<paragraph id="AE115FD6D6C982ACC6920A481B0E33AD">
<figureCitation id="DD5F9684C6DBE34632DB30E587761A83" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Bifurcia luding sp. nov., holotype male palp: A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062001">Figs 7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3A86AD37BDB4220982D9C8B7DB4B14C0" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Bifurcia luding sp. nov., paratype female epigyne: A. Ventral view; B. Lateral view; C. Dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.10 mm (A C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062002">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8FCF2B4FCFBCF0E1FFF3C6EB8F046F62" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Bifurcia luding sp. nov., holotype male (A, B) and paratype female (C, D) habitus: A, C. Dorsal view; B, D. Ventral view. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062003">9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F3712C1FCAE11070589CB1F39F1AA258" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bifurcia spp., embolic division: A, D. B. kangding sp. nov.; B, E. B. labahe sp. nov.; C, F. B. luding sp. nov.; G, I. B. shuangqiao sp. nov.; H, J. B. xiaojin sp. nov.; A C, G, H. Prolateral view; D F, I, J. Retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062010">16 C, F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ER5AE" type="type material">
<paragraph id="DFE04BABBD4D69F27FA62646483C0FA8">
<heading id="C90420DDFF1D4ADD162B1CDBED4949D4" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="24324F3A071FF5971ED028D2963689EC">
<materialsCitation id="12CD64375C4E90AA92E9DEC771812335" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4873172303" collectingDate="2004-07-20" collectionCode="IZCAS" collectorName="Lihong Tu" country="China" county="Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture" elevation="2936" latitude="29.86" location="Luding County" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="102.047165" specimenCode="Ar 44930, Ar 44931" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="7F6A4D6725D5D192D92A7EED1777D97C" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="97B5508C672F61663CBCE0FF2F66278D" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="4474675D133F1798321CB9EF5CB01463" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E35AE" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing">
<collectionCode id="0351ADC2E4C8CA23E0F8A536815C9212" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="FFF1C299AD6156E2623903AF9D5B4838">Ar 44930</specimenCode>
) and
<emphasis id="EE0BED5AE8CFFD6AF1EC8F03DA78F520" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="874AB5C7BC2E403DB5B9AC3355AC518E" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="DB85EC4466215B0776003DF33F0C2CCC" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED6AE" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing">
<collectionCode id="6C5D511470884013F5DA3C7A8E2C5D4F" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="70AD4546C0019BC33A015F060A15F3ED">Ar 44931</specimenCode>
),
<location id="BFD8D857700CC33B17C3E5F5925ABD0C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB00237AB2B257699F0F00F68E002954:BFD8D857700CC33B17C3E5F5925ABD0C" country="China" county="Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture" latitude="29.86" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="102.047165" name="Luding County" stateProvince="Sichuan">Luding County</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EK6AE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[102.047167,29.860000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="746C99EE495CADFC1306B2572A94D7DE" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="51.60" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="29.86">29 ° 51.60 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3A4E82E326651C6670E17EDD784D0024" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="2.83" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="102.047165">102 ° 2.83 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="BA11A01F05113525FF7EE3E8C30043B6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.936" unit="m" value="2936.0">
<elevation id="9D35B2BDDEE17D7BB512500807901174" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.936" unit="m" value="2936.0">2936 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev.),
<collectingCounty id="AD1D8A2BAE78E9A10C74117791CDA560">Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture</collectingCounty>
,
<emphasis id="7E5765E88F22729123A47AFDCF886BF7" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="C6613E89015CE6086582A4EE8A0EB0CD" country="China" name="Sichuan">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B1B50313429E6D48F7A7305965BBF851" bold="true">
<collectingCountry id="51F9C54C220BE7406C3E75C2010E7FDD" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<date id="17AAEBE198E779CF495644D860A85AC3" value="2004-07-20">
<collectingDate id="0E027D004B353B6D454A18B1678242C2" value="2004-07-20">20 / 07 / 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="99D40A09E9895DE01CE428F8EF265C57">Lihong Tu</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ET6AE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="C9F4032E05338E7D95378A2DFD8B49A3">
<heading id="23F50EFE5D5E7A1FBFCD30DA36446348" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E23FBD3D13811D3BA9F2CCA22F617345">The specific name refers to the type locality; noun in apposition.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EY6AE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9994878B65650A6A68F2BC478BC47834">
<heading id="E7A2C24460023FB6F0BEB7F4DC076436" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EAFA60677A67B62781C2C56B4642CE01">
The new species can be easily distinguished from other congeners by having embolus apex (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E56AE" xlink_title="apex of embolus">
<collectionCode id="A13D4C5BFE09F1708AC968A4AFC6B6BC">AX</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) that is curved and distally pointed (Fig.
<figureCitation id="549C06645CB51C36233897747D4FB4BD" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bifurcia spp., embolic division: A, D. B. kangding sp. nov.; B, E. B. labahe sp. nov.; C, F. B. luding sp. nov.; G, I. B. shuangqiao sp. nov.; H, J. B. xiaojin sp. nov.; A C, G, H. Prolateral view; D F, I, J. Retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062010">16 C</figureCitation>
vs. angular, column-shaped, distally blunt, Fig.
<figureCitation id="A89882812C6D332A6A0596C4AA95D2F8" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bifurcia spp., embolic division: A, D. B. kangding sp. nov.; B, E. B. labahe sp. nov.; C, F. B. luding sp. nov.; G, I. B. shuangqiao sp. nov.; H, J. B. xiaojin sp. nov.; A C, G, H. Prolateral view; D F, I, J. Retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062010">16 A, B, G, H</figureCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="866E0B8ED4F9C2B42497495A961E9546" DOI="10.1163/157075606778441886" author="Saaristo" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Saaristo" refId="B12" refString="Saaristo MI, Tu L, Li S (2006) A review of Chinese micronetine species (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Part I: species of ex- Arcuphantes and ex- Centromerus. Animal Biology (Leiden, Netherlands) 56 (3): 383401. https://doi.org/10.1163/157075606778441886" year="2006">Saaristo et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
: figs 4, 12), by embolus thumb (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPAAG" xlink_title="thumb of embolus">TH</abbrev>
) membranous (Figs
<figureCitation id="91192823A23129699FF5F84718683F12" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Bifurcia luding sp. nov., holotype male palp: A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062001">7 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="85C5F83C868AEF7B752DBA27C647AAF0" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bifurcia spp., embolic division: A, D. B. kangding sp. nov.; B, E. B. labahe sp. nov.; C, F. B. luding sp. nov.; G, I. B. shuangqiao sp. nov.; H, J. B. xiaojin sp. nov.; A C, G, H. Prolateral view; D F, I, J. Retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062010">16 C</figureCitation>
vs. sclerotized, Figs
<figureCitation id="5E115403968519F0307DDD4121405439" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bifurcia kangding sp. nov., holotype male palp: A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1061996">2 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6CE4198F8DAD0A23AFCE1A14023C1BCF" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Bifurcia labahe sp. nov., holotype male palp: A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1061999">5 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3AD6BA762153216AC3F02B953A86292F" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Bifurcia xiaojin sp. nov., holotype male palp: A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062007">13 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3FC7FDABB172BAE636F41BFEFBCCA5E9" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bifurcia spp., embolic division: A, D. B. kangding sp. nov.; B, E. B. labahe sp. nov.; C, F. B. luding sp. nov.; G, I. B. shuangqiao sp. nov.; H, J. B. xiaojin sp. nov.; A C, G, H. Prolateral view; D F, I, J. Retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062010">16 A, B, G, H</figureCitation>
), by lamellar extension of pseudolamella (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELBAG" xlink_title="lamellar extension of pseudolamella">
<collectionCode id="6B12A3FEA4BBA6A7D44930551EBAFD8C" country="Brazil" name="Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologia">LE</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) with flower-shaped distal end (Figs
<figureCitation id="D1590E75C13A369DF066CBF0E93C56FF" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Bifurcia luding sp. nov., holotype male palp: A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062001">7 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="386CFBF495F86C4CAA26B7AA47DEAA6E" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bifurcia spp., embolic division: A, D. B. kangding sp. nov.; B, E. B. labahe sp. nov.; C, F. B. luding sp. nov.; G, I. B. shuangqiao sp. nov.; H, J. B. xiaojin sp. nov.; A C, G, H. Prolateral view; D F, I, J. Retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062010">16 C</figureCitation>
vs. lacking
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXBAG" xlink_title="lamellar extension of pseudolamella">LE</abbrev>
or
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2BAG" xlink_title="lamellar extension of pseudolamella">LE</abbrev>
ribbon-shaped, Figs
<figureCitation id="5CF7C0816592772ED33E99B9E8D669BE" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bifurcia kangding sp. nov., holotype male palp: A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1061996">2 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ABA8183604BDCD9866A45FBAE707B5F0" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Bifurcia labahe sp. nov., holotype male palp: A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1061999">5 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="501502271A1DD37BEC466DF39AFA3194" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Bifurcia shuangqiao sp. nov., holotype male palp: A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062004">10 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A24DC383DEE0151444BBFB490E987973" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Bifurcia xiaojin sp. nov., holotype male palp: A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062007">13 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5D518662E372EB46F3D967A410DDA852" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bifurcia spp., embolic division: A, D. B. kangding sp. nov.; B, E. B. labahe sp. nov.; C, F. B. luding sp. nov.; G, I. B. shuangqiao sp. nov.; H, J. B. xiaojin sp. nov.; A C, G, H. Prolateral view; D F, I, J. Retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062010">16 A, B, G, H</figureCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3E7EEDA7F4EC703FEA752B01E801CD72" DOI="10.1163/157075606778441886" author="Saaristo" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Saaristo" refId="B12" refString="Saaristo MI, Tu L, Li S (2006) A review of Chinese micronetine species (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Part I: species of ex- Arcuphantes and ex- Centromerus. Animal Biology (Leiden, Netherlands) 56 (3): 383401. https://doi.org/10.1163/157075606778441886" year="2006">Saaristo et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
: figs 4, 12), and by basal part of scape (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXCAG" xlink_title="basal part of scape">
<collectionCode id="3F5B72D8A9553C8A49A3612CB884AB28">BS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) shield-shaped (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7B2CBF3DD9C4C67105230809D0ECDA77" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Bifurcia luding sp. nov., paratype female epigyne: A. Ventral view; B. Lateral view; C. Dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.10 mm (A C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062002">8 A</figureCitation>
vs. T-shaped, Figs
<figureCitation id="50F34ACAB700C09A77817347603E0551" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bifurcia kangding sp. nov., paratype female epigyne: A. Ventral view; B. Lateral view; C. Dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.10 mm (A C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1061997">3 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F3536AE46D2F9AF5C8B2CCB3210B2459" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Bifurcia shuangqiao sp. nov., paratype female epigyne: A. Ventral view; B. Lateral view; C. Dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.10 mm (A C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062005">11 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A0FBDD4635C73FE4EEF916FADF69824E" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Bifurcia xiaojin sp. nov., paratype female epigyne: A. Ventral view; B. Lateral view; C. Dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.10 mm (A C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062008">14 A</figureCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3212ADFA2DF6629033B2E4A731B8D832" DOI="10.1163/157075606778441886" author="Saaristo" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Saaristo" refId="B12" refString="Saaristo MI, Tu L, Li S (2006) A review of Chinese micronetine species (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Part I: species of ex- Arcuphantes and ex- Centromerus. Animal Biology (Leiden, Netherlands) 56 (3): 383401. https://doi.org/10.1163/157075606778441886" year="2006">Saaristo et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
: figs 6, 14).
</paragraph>
<caption id="5F769EA840D9307C21E433880367ABB1" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure7" ID-arpha="CC603D44-0EA0-5138-8B73-54F79DFBE817" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062001" startId="F7">
<paragraph id="CC1F758CAF8777127FE33ED7AEC35BED">
<label id="30728BB30A84BC91FB8D73A0A776CBAC">Figure 7.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="285E3709FA091D8FD06815120F074C92">
<taxonomicName id="910137D4EA1B254DC929755874D0A5D8" authority="Yang &amp; Li &amp; Yao, 2024" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Bifurcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luding" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DFCC2F31D67C596CE933FB7FC7E07CCD" italics="true">Bifurcia luding</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4DEDA49CAB95A5AAA7752C2D00229B4A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male palp:
<emphasis id="21DED29CC562A0BA7B6F82667F4F4237" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
Prolateral view;
<emphasis id="FFFF860CA49A06E0A58E809C6C84FDAA" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
Retrolateral view;
<emphasis id="4F2CC5674147A54AD46BFA52C959E54F" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
Ventral view;
<emphasis id="1273DF1132F7391AB7F02C4BEF854AA7" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (
<emphasis id="17AF28042B29EB21661AA8E2131C41BA" bold="true">A D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EREAG" type="description">
<paragraph id="522BE3F90A9409064F9C9B3C830BF48F">
<heading id="71369B55E1B9BF249CABB3BFE4142067" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6111EF42AE2029136E5DD4F77BABD018">
<emphasis id="718020094B5BAE74FD47175BA7418AF1" bold="true">
Male (
<emphasis id="EA2358575F52B37F5D176F64D8316E6C" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="6287B1A2842DD0294E69903CB0C8BBA7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
).
</emphasis>
Total length: 2.23, carapace 1.10 long, 0.90 wide, abdomen 1.12 long, 0.74 wide. Eye inter-distances and diameters:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3EAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.06,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAFAG" xlink_title="distance between AMEs">AME-AME</abbrev>
0.02,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEFAG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.07,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIFAG" xlink_title="distance between AME and ALE">AME-ALE</abbrev>
0.06,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMFAG" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQFAG" xlink_title="distance between PME">PME-PME</abbrev>
0.05,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUFAG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.07, and
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYFAG" xlink_title="distance between PME and PLE">PME-PLE</abbrev>
0.06. Sternum 0.50 long, 0.48 wide. Clypeus 0.11 high. Chelicerae promargin with 4 teeth, retromargin with 4 teeth. Length of legs: I 7.57 (1.98, 0.33, 1.96, 2.00, 1.30), II 6.78 (1.90, 0.32, 1.70, 1.74, 1.12), III 4.78 (1.38, 0.30, 1.10, 1.24, 0.76), IV 6.28 (1.84, 0.32, 1.58, 1.62, 0.92). Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. TmI 0.16, TmIV absent. Tibial spine formula: 2-2 - 2 - 2. Carapace yellowish. Sternum dark brown. Abdomen with greenish gray dorsal spots (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A8D1E279CE56D3466B065FC4AF7CB520" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Bifurcia luding sp. nov., holotype male (A, B) and paratype female (C, D) habitus: A, C. Dorsal view; B, D. Ventral view. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062003">9 A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="472A2A830BB49C29DF655BA59AC7E01B">
Palp (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6C491C23C8C76F2B6E6DA98EEA3C1C53" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Bifurcia luding sp. nov., holotype male palp: A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Ventral view; D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062001">7</figureCitation>
). Patella with long dorsal bristle. Tibia unmodified. Cymbium with hook-shaped proximal apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGGAG" xlink_title="proximal cymbial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="B6861A17E10717EA4072FEF647AE2E27">PCA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) pointing retrolaterally. Paracymbium (P) bifurcate with three branches: S-shaped branch, finger-shaped branch and lower branch. Pit hook (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKGAG" xlink_title="pit hook on suprategulum">
<collectingCountry id="98E9797B37B96AFABBB95A165A10AAD9" name="Philippines">PH</collectingCountry>
</abbrev>
) on stout distal part of suprategulum (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOGAG" xlink_title="suprategulum">
<collectionCode id="412C14AE6AC644E7D2C6325B2B908A30" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12699" name="Botanic Gardens Museum" type="Herbarium">SPT</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) extremely reduced to small outgrowth. Embolic division (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F898F640904B30FA7EB4F0A5F4E0562D" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bifurcia spp., embolic division: A, D. B. kangding sp. nov.; B, E. B. labahe sp. nov.; C, F. B. luding sp. nov.; G, I. B. shuangqiao sp. nov.; H, J. B. xiaojin sp. nov.; A C, G, H. Prolateral view; D F, I, J. Retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062010">16 C, F</figureCitation>
): anterior part of radix (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWGAG" xlink_title="anterior part of radix">
<collectionCode id="81B461FA35D2D4A4AE2CB32924454654">APR</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) hook-shaped; sperm duct inside the radix (
<collectionCode id="079E821AED8FF847EFFA13C699C62AD2" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
) inconspicuous with Fickerts gland (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1GAG" xlink_title="Fickerts gland">
<collectionCode id="8741B221BC18785F0148B500A0856B16" country="Germany" name="Palaontologische Hauptsammlung der Bergakadmie">FG</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); pseudolamella (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5GAG" xlink_title="pseudolamella">
<collectionCode id="3019615A96052A4509082C0B5B65830D" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) strongly sclerotized; and lamellar extension (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECHAG" xlink_title="lamellar extension of pseudolamella">
<collectionCode id="304EFB29099081FD7AB37D1A4D1E4F83" country="Brazil" name="Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologia">LE</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) slightly sclerotized with flower-shaped distal end. Anterior terminal apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGHAG" xlink_title="anterior terminal apophysis">
<collectionCode id="BCE967F1F9E7FEE4BBC6A87B0D727794" country="Turkey" name="Ataturk Universitesi" type="Herbarium">ATA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) longer than wide; median terminal apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKHAG" xlink_title="median terminal apophysis">
<collectionCode id="A2787032117BBCA4EC6CE946A54056D2" country="Turkey" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/t3mt-752q" name="Maden Tetkik ve Arama Enstituesue" type="">MTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) membranous with serrated margin; posterior terminal apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOHAG" xlink_title="posterior terminal apophysis">
<collectionCode id="7FDA5F5DCC36FDDBD6CC4A7156BC9887">PTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) small and semicircle. Embolus (E) with conical embolus proper (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESHAG" xlink_title="embolus proper">
<collectionCode id="A4D5901FE87DB6745C903C431A43F264">EP</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
), indistinct thumb (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWHAG" xlink_title="thumb of embolus">TH</abbrev>
), and hooked apex (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1HAG" xlink_title="apex of embolus">
<collectionCode id="9BE301AC11FE71B7EB99430B57427D11">AX</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
). Median membrane (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5HAG" xlink_title="median membrane">
<collectionCode id="B7120AEDD16C3512F41BE2BBE75D013A" country="France" name="University of Montpellier">MM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) fan-shaped and small chitinized basal part of median membrane (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECIAG" xlink_title="chitinized part of median membrane">
<collectionCode id="C0F6BDC17518F75742F8D3B2E133CEA9" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qy31-gen1" name="Christoffel Park Museum" type="">CPM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D59907937E8076D5E6E89FB08F9D190E">
<emphasis id="6F46BC9C5C9B34549F0FD0BB4869A02D" bold="true">
Female (
<emphasis id="AE0806372E63B48699920DF2F7FAF9A7" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="AD72B568443AEC2984948EE1951745EA" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
).
</emphasis>
Total length: 2.53, carapace 0.96 long, 0.84 wide, abdomen 1.66 long, 1.16 wide. Eye inter-distances and diameters:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENIAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.06,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERIAG" xlink_title="distance between AMEs">AME-AME</abbrev>
0.02,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVIAG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.09,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZIAG" xlink_title="distance between AME and ALE">AME-ALE</abbrev>
0.06,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4IAG" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.09,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBJAG" xlink_title="distance between PME">PME-PME</abbrev>
0.06,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFJAG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.07, and
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJJAG" xlink_title="distance between PME and PLE">PME-PLE</abbrev>
0.06. Sternum 0.66 long, 0.56 wide. Clypeus 0.09 high. Chelicerae promargin with 3 teeth, retromargin with 5 teeth. Length of legs: I 7.01 (1.82, 0.36, 1.92, 1.80, 1.11), II 6.27 (1.74, 0.32, 1.63, 1.56, 1.02), III 4.62 (1.42, 0.28, 1.14, 1.10, 0.68), IV 5.90 (1.78, 0.30, 1.50, 1.46, 0.86). Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. TmI 0.16, TmIV absent. Tibial spine formula: 2-2 - 2 - 2. Coloration generally as in male (Fig.
<figureCitation id="91307E54E8ABF659B0903E95CD917536" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Bifurcia luding sp. nov., holotype male (A, B) and paratype female (C, D) habitus: A, C. Dorsal view; B, D. Ventral view. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062003">9 C, D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E2EED37376E47FB9087E22470EAF40E">
Epigyne (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E1D22BAD3D37234025371E725F982C41" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Bifurcia luding sp. nov., paratype female epigyne: A. Ventral view; B. Lateral view; C. Dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.10 mm (A C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062002">8</figureCitation>
). Basal part of scape (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXJAG" xlink_title="basal part of scape">
<collectionCode id="3F59F74B6E2EBCF875D01F2609CB2B5A">BS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) shield-shaped. Both sides of posterior median plate (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2JAG" xlink_title="posterior median plate">
<collectionCode id="59A6D39BA036332C2F939D3D17089A0F">PMP</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) developed well. Distal part of scape (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6JAG" xlink_title="distal part of scape">
<collectionCode id="81B6AFB2479B8DCB3F662427BD83DF05">DPS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) forming an incomplete circle with basal part of scape. Spermathecae (S) nearly elliptic.
</paragraph>
<caption id="69E19BEF73D800DC6DC9F3ECF9A9457A" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure8" ID-arpha="880BA9CB-45BB-581B-AA22-073F8B9E1C5D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062002" startId="F8">
<paragraph id="8ADA9CF6D73D467F168957DC552DC8CA">
<label id="1B7B59216080FA60CE4A279103E49361">Figure 8.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0AEED3B727E1216609E76D75530D33CC">
<taxonomicName id="1F8266667438AA0A972D6A87F76C40CD" authority="Yang &amp; Li &amp; Yao, 2024" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Bifurcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luding" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEBAC685A133E79571B45B83C1A11809" italics="true">Bifurcia luding</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEA18597BF7683558E6BABB69E92C8DC" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype female epigyne:
<emphasis id="326AC58B3B92059A1E8DD4497D544115" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
Ventral view;
<emphasis id="49FE8746C97D6A921C4D2E0F8A9173D0" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
Lateral view;
<emphasis id="0AB1034D94B7016BD50B1598ADE37385" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
Dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.10 mm (
<emphasis id="4ECFE6C641E925E98E2FFD9422F8127C" bold="true">A C</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="1A2E5D184F238BBA374C48E11B87C60B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure9" ID-arpha="005BD829-750E-5FBE-ACFF-5009280230C1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1062003" startId="F9">
<paragraph id="88AEAE0D33FA94FF0970C65FD3FDF43C">
<label id="B5445B78F6A1A1B716AE71C7B7BB9915">Figure 9.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="49361C4466B155E33A08242858F4E74D">
<taxonomicName id="F705B02CC40C3C16362EDDC486728167" authority="Yang &amp; Li &amp; Yao, 2024" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Bifurcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luding" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8497032B58BFA393C6DB73290D4E1D20" italics="true">Bifurcia luding</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="826C5BA5E837A532348091B6A1832D07" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male (
<emphasis id="D0D8921D0F8E9FE0FCAE2EEA19B6EFE0" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
) and paratype female (
<emphasis id="E3578F93A0572AF216F68C715B62DBAE" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
) habitus:
<emphasis id="A88C46DB6C51CF278BD68D63817DB4CC" bold="true">A, C.</emphasis>
Dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B0C27C03C236BAB63FB15693D91579B8" bold="true">B, D.</emphasis>
Ventral view. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (
<emphasis id="A8E86293F682C8CC9CA8BAAB96C4F6C3" bold="true">A D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFMAG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CB26A6ED98C60C9F1411A401AAB8ED12">
<heading id="2B30EB726BA6048A0854BA3966CFF3AB" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="325371E3DDD9EC585B43A49F9D6C4CF4">
<collectingCountry id="535B2386F72AEBB400C4EAC522AAF514" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="70EBC94907ED77664E88D372B32AF306" country="China" name="Sichuan">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
, type locality; Fig.
<figureCitation id="7592877BBA94F7810FE1A7CF962B0240" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of the new Bifurcia species from Sichuan, China: 1. B. kangding sp. nov.; 2. B. labahe sp. nov.; 3. B. luding sp. nov.; 4. B. shuangqiao sp. nov.; 5. B. xiaojin sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.124160.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1061995">1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>