173 lines
14 KiB
XML
173 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.692.14706" ID-GBIF-Dataset="81f065e7-a342-495c-9855-21bc26539311" ID-PMC="PMC5672734" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-692-1" ID-PubMed="29133987" ID-ZBK="1B7C3F517CF543338EAB1CB1BD9D8A07" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-692-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 692" ModsDocTitle="A review of the land snail genus Alycaeus (Gastropoda, Alycaeidae) in Peninsular Malaysia" checkinTime="1503352913593" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Foon, Junn Kitt & Liew, Thor-Seng" docDate="2017" docId="9DEBFD7E8426ECD11830DD9F72F67C4E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 692: 1-81" docOrigin="ZooKeys 692" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.692.14706" docTitle="Alycaeus clementsi Foon & Liew, 2017, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="713345B0-4FB9-4AFF-9DD3-9A3AF78B19B1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FF8E6C15A17CDA48FFA7FFE36C7CFFA2" masterDocTitle="A review of the land snail genus Alycaeus (Gastropoda, Alycaeidae) in Peninsular Malaysia" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1668164728433" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the land snail genus Alycaeus (Gastropoda, Alycaeidae) in Peninsular Malaysia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Foon, Junn Kitt</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liew, Thor-Seng</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>692</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>81</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.692.14706</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.692.14706</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-692-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">1B7C3F517CF543338EAB1CB1BD9D8A07</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">1B7C3F517CF543338EAB1CB1BD9D8A07</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="132786248" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:713345B0-4FB9-4AFF-9DD3-9A3AF78B19B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9DEBFD7E8426ECD11830DD9F72F67C4E" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/713345B0-4FB9-4AFF-9DD3-9A3AF78B19B1" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus clementsi" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clementsi">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="17" start="start">Alycaeus</pageBreakToken>
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clementsi
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 7L, 13, 31J
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus perakensis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perakensis">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="18" start="start">Alycaeus</pageBreakToken>
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perakensis
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Benthem Jutting, van WSS" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="10 - 20" title="Some notes on land and freshwater mollusca of Malaya." url="http://natuurtijdschriften.nl/record/596402" volume="24" year="1960 a">Benthem Jutting 1960a</bibRefCitation>
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: 13. [not
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus perakensis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perakensis">Alycaeus perakensis</taxonomicName>
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Crosse, 1879]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Gua Kelam, PRS 64 Wang Ulu, Perlis (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="6.644722">6°38'41"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="100.2025">100°12'09"E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Holotype. Gua Kelam, PRS 64 Wang Ulu, Perlis: BOR/MOL 12970. Paratypes. Gua Kelam, PRS 64 Wang Ulu, Perlis: BOR/MOL 276/3, BOR/MOL 6865/1, BOR/MOL 8371/2. Bukit Ayer, PRS 64 Wang Ulu, Perlis: BOR/MOL 8365/2. Hill 9 km along the road from Kangar to Kaki Bukit, Perlis: BOR/MOL 270/1. KDH 10 Bukit Kodiang, Kedah: BOR/MOL 12969/1, BOR/MOL 8377/62. KDH 04 Gunung Keriang, Kedah: BOR/MOL 8407/7, BOR/MOL 12968/1. Limestone hill north of Sungai Ewa, Pulau Langkawi, Kedah: BOR/MOL 265/3.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Other examined materials.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Gua Kelam, PRS 64 Wang Ulu, Perlis: BOR/MOL 6194/4, BOR/MOL 6867/1, BOR/MOL 8370/11, BOR/MOL 8373/3, ZRC 1997.21/2. Bukit Ayer, PRS 64 Wang Ulu, Perlis: BOR/MOL 6251/6, BOR/MOL 6861/1, BOR/MOL 8364/10. PRS 40 Bukit Merbok, Perlis: BOR/MOL 7071/1. KDH 04 Gunung Keriang, Kedah: BOR/MOL 6246/8, BOR/MOL 6252/20, BOR/MOL 6864/1, BOR/MOL 8369/40, BOR/MOL 8378/1, BOR/MOL 12971/1, BOR/MOL 6191/10, ZRC 1997.19/2. ZRC 1997.20/2, ZRC 1975.2.22.67-98/32. KDH 10 Bukit Kodiang, Kedah: BOR/MOL 6872/1.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Named after Gopalasamy Reuben Clements, in recognition of his contribution to the study of land snail biogeography on Peninsular Malaysian karsts.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Protoconch. Smooth.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Shell shape. Conical. Shell height: 5.65-6.98 mm. Shell width: 5.71-7.32 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Spire. Spire height: 1.87-2.62 mm. Spire width: 2.39-3.32 mm. Number of whorls: up to 5 ⅛. Spire shape: oblong conical. Whorl periphery rounded. Umbilicus open.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Whorl constriction. At about 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
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whorls posterior of protoconch.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Breathing tube. Length: 0.59-0.90 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Aperture and peristome. Aperture circular, moderately expanded. Aperture height: 2.95-3.88 mm. Aperture width: 2.83-3.49 mm. Peristome double, thickened, notched at suture. Peristome orientation 25-45° oblique with respect to the coiling axis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Spiral lines. Distinct. Regularly spaced. Approximately 11-34 lines per 1 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Radial ribs running anterior of breathing tube. Radial ribs pronounced, evenly spaced. Approximately 9-16 lines per 1 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Radial ribs running perpendicular to breathing tube. Radial ribs pronounced, white and thicker than those anterior of breathing tube, evenly spaced. Approximately 11-16 radial ribs per 1 mm</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Radial ribs running posterior of breathing tube. Radial ribs pronounced, unevenly spaced immediately posterior of constriction, becoming pronounced and evenly spaced from the middle section until prior to aperture. Approximately 11-16 ribs per 1 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">Operculum</pageBreakToken>
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. Concave, rounded. Exterior covered with thin calcareous layer, surface finely granulated with a scattered arrangement of calcareous blunt spikes. Interior covered with proteinaceous coating, smooth, mamillated.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Shell colour. Yellow at the first 4 whorls. Fades to white towards aperture.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Living animal. Body cream-white. Head pink. Tentacles cream-white, tips pink.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Lives on wet limestone rock walls and crevices. In shady forests on limestone hills.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Distribution range.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">In Perlis, retricted to limestone hills of the Nakawan Range. In Kedah, restricted to limestone hills of the Langkawi archipelago, Kodiang and Gunung Keriang.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus clementsi" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clementsi">Alycaeus clementsi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. kelantanensis" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="kelantanensis">A. kelantanensis</taxonomicName>
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in its shell colouration. Despite shell size of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. clementsi" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="clementsi">A. clementsi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. being variable within populations across its range,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. clementsi" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="clementsi">A. clementsi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is distinguished from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. kelantanensis" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="kelantanensis">A. kelantanensis</taxonomicName>
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by its consistently large shell (larger by about 2.13 mm in shell height, 2.32 mm in shell width), thick expanded peristome, spiky operculum exterior as well as the animal colouration.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Historically,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus clementsi" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clementsi">Alycaeus clementsi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. shells from Kaki Bukit, Perlis were misidentified as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. perakensis" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="perakensis">A. perakensis</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation author="Benthem Jutting, van WSS" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="10 - 20" title="Some notes on land and freshwater mollusca of Malaya." url="http://natuurtijdschriften.nl/record/596402" volume="24" year="1960 a">Benthem Jutting (1960a)</bibRefCitation>
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. Shells of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. clementsi" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="clementsi">A. clementsi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. in Perlis usually have thicker peristome compared to shells from Kedah albeit all other diagnostic characters remain identical. Shell size of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. clementsi" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="clementsi">A. clementsi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is variable within populations across its range and does not appear to have any geographical pattern. This species may occur in Thailand at areas adjacent to Perlis and northern Kedah.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Figure 13.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus clementsi" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clementsi">Alycaeus clementsi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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Shell of holotype, BOR/MOL 12970
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–H">F-H</normalizedToken>
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Close up of shell of holotype, BOR/MOL 12970
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–L">I-L</normalizedToken>
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Operculum of paratype, BOR/MOL 6865
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<normalizedToken originalValue="M–Q">M-Q</normalizedToken>
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Shell of paratype, BOR/MOL 8377. Scale bars:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–G">A-G</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="M–Q">M-Q</normalizedToken>
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1 mm; H,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–L">I-L</normalizedToken>
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0.5 mm. All photographs by Junn Kitt Foon.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |