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161 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" ID-GBIF-Dataset="99c6eb43-dc87-4106-82ed-1325f4df7b26" ID-PMC="PMC7250940" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-934-25" ID-Pensoft-UUID="598339B5A93C5551BC575CD4048FC8D3" ID-PubMed="32508494" ID-ZooBank="B9F2C8D8C0314191B6F51E78D4D6881E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-934-25" checkinTime="1589939917447" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, Rachel R. & Short, Andrew Edward Z." docDate="2020" docId="77030676C7F65C96B0B7C8A8C8AB0B1E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 934: 25-79" docOrigin="ZooKeys 934" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" docTitle="Chasmogenus pandus Smith & Short 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="C82E6A49-872D-45A7-A9D9-114A54E677D0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="598339B5A93C5551BC575CD4048FC8D3" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="598339B5A93C5551BC575CD4048FC8D3" masterDocTitle="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1668168854401" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Rachel R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rr.smith816@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">aezshort@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>934</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>25</mods:start>
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<mods:end>79</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-934-25</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B9F2C8D8C0314191B6F51E78D4D6881E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">598339B5A93C5551BC575CD4048FC8D3</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164241245" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C82E6A49-872D-45A7-A9D9-114A54E677D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/77030676C7F65C96B0B7C8A8C8AB0B1E" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName LSID="77030676-C7F6-5C96-B0B7-C8A8C8AB0B1E" authority="Smith & Short, 2020" authorityName="Smith & Short" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus pandus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pandus" status="sp. nov.">Chasmogenus pandus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="25">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. acuminatus: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. D-F C. pandus: D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411760" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figures 5D-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. from Suriname and Guyana A C. brownsbergensis B C. ligulatus C C. guianensis D C. pandus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411765" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 10D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Chasmogenus spp. A-D C. pandus A dorsal view (Suriname) B side view (Suriname) C specimen from French Guiana D specimen from Brazil E C. ligulatus F C. sinnamarensis G C. undulatus H, I C. acuminatus H specimen from Suriname I specimen from Guyana. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411770" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 15A-D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Distribution of Chasmogenus spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411772" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 17</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Holotype (male)</emphasis>
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: "Suriname: Para District/ Zanderij, near Guesthouse/
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<geoCoordinate degrees="05" direction="north" minutes="27.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="5.4583335">05°27.5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="055" direction="west" minutes="13.0" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-55.216667">055°13.0'W</geoCoordinate>
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/ 9-18-FEB-2010; P.Skelley,/ W.Warner,
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C." pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="genus">C.</taxonomicName>
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Gillett; FIT", "[barcode]/SEMC1085915/ KUNHM-ENT", "HOLOTYPE/ CHASMOGENUS/
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<taxonomicName lsidName="pandus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="pandus">pandus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n./ des. Smith & Short." (NZCS).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Paratypes (15): Brazil: Amapa</emphasis>
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: ca. 1 km E Oiapoque, 3.85039°, -51.81683°, 17 m, 18.vii.2018, leg. Short, flotation of detritus on forested seep, BR18-0718-03C (1 ex., INPA, DNA Voucher SLE1858).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">French Guiana</emphasis>
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: Roura, 27.4 km south-southeast, 4°44'20"N, 52°13'25"W, 280 m, 10 JUN 1997, leg. J. Ashe and R. Brooks, Flight Intercept Trap, FG1AB97 177 (2 exs., SEMC); same data as previous except: 23-24 May 1997, FG1AB97 022 (1 ex., SEMC); same data as previous except: 25-29 May 1997, FG1AB97 079 (1 ex., SEMC).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Suriname: Para District</emphasis>
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: same data as holotype (9 exs., SEMC); same data as previous except: 7-9-FEB-2010, lights (1 ex., SEMC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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The very narrow gap between the clypeus and the labrum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. from Suriname and Guyana A C. brownsbergensis B C. ligulatus C C. guianensis D C. pandus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411765" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">10D</figureCitation>
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) is a characteristic shared only with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ligulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="ligulatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">C. ligulatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the two differ in the form of the aedeagus, in which the median lobe of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. pandus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="pandus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">C. pandus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is very thin and the parameres are parallel-sided along the outer margins (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Chasmogenus spp. A-D C. pandus A dorsal view (Suriname) B side view (Suriname) C specimen from French Guiana D specimen from Brazil E C. ligulatus F C. sinnamarensis G C. undulatus H, I C. acuminatus H specimen from Suriname I specimen from Guyana. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411770" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">15A-D</figureCitation>
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), which contrasts with the very convex parameres of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ligulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="ligulatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">C. ligulatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Examination of the aedeagus is the only way to definitively identify this species. Unassociated females may not be determined with certainty.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Size and color.</emphasis>
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Total body length 3.5-3.7 mm. Body form elongate oval with slightly curved lateral margins. Dorsum of head bicolored, frons dark red-brown, clypeus and labrum slightly paler (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. from Suriname and Guyana A C. brownsbergensis B C. ligulatus C C. guianensis D C. pandus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411765" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">10D</figureCitation>
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). Pronotum and elytra uniformly dark brown. Venter uniformly dark brown (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. acuminatus: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. D-F C. pandus: D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411760" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">5F</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Head.</emphasis>
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Ground punctation on head moderately coarse. Clypeus with medial anteroposterior emargination which exposes a very narrow, wide gap between the clypeus and labrum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. from Suriname and Guyana A C. brownsbergensis B C. ligulatus C C. guianensis D C. pandus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411765" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">10D</figureCitation>
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). Mentum strongly depressed in anteromedial two-thirds with subtriangular notch. Maxillary palps long, longer than width of head immediately anterior to the eyes.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Ground punctation on pronotum fine. Prosternum tectiform. Mesoventrite with elevation forming a posteromedial longitudinal carina, increasing in elevation anteroposteriorly with highest elevation near protrochanters; slightly convex along outer margins. Metafemora densely pubescent in basal six-sevenths (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus of Chasmogenus spp. A-C C. acuminatus: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. D-F C. pandus: D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411760" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">5F</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Aedeagus.</emphasis>
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Aedeagus (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Chasmogenus spp. A-D C. pandus A dorsal view (Suriname) B side view (Suriname) C specimen from French Guiana D specimen from Brazil E C. ligulatus F C. sinnamarensis G C. undulatus H, I C. acuminatus H specimen from Suriname I specimen from Guyana. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411770" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">15A-D</figureCitation>
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) with median lobe nearly parallel-sided and widest in basal half, then angled slightly to the left and tapering gradually to a weakly acuminate apex, distinctly extending beyond the apex of the parameres. Sclerite of the median lobe expanded and developed into a long, narrow sliver with a sharply acute apex that extends to the apex of the parameres. Gonopore situated in the middle of the median lobe, ca. two gonopore widths below the apex. Parameres symmetrical, with outer margins strongly bisinuated, giving the margins a weakly undulating appearance, apical half not wider than basal half; apex bluntly rounded. Basal piece short, ca. one-third the length of the parameres.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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The species name is derived from the Latin
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<taxonomicName lsidName="pandus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="pandus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">pandus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, meaning
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“bent”">"bent"</normalizedToken>
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after the curved sclerite of the medial lobe of the aedeagus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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Known from Brazil (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Amapá">Amapa</normalizedToken>
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), Suriname (Para District), and French Guiana (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Distribution of Chasmogenus spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411772" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">17</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Specimens from French Guiana and Suriname were collected via a Flight Intercept Trap. The single specimen from Brazil was collected by floating detritus in a forested seepage.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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Most examined specimens appeared to be more translucent than is typical of most species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. It is unknown if this was due to preservation method or an actual diagnostic feature of this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |