545 lines
50 KiB
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545 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fbb326c8-8f97-44f4-a648-ec9f935ee293" ID-PMC="PMC8065025" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1032-17" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7E7EE68D2DB65E1680CC7E33B36AEC74" ID-PubMed="33958915" ID-ZooBank="EBF7586A9EF748FEBFB53D8F1E372120" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1032-17" checkinTime="1618619371065" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Macharoenboon, Kongkit, Siriwut, Warut & Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai" docDate="2021" docId="6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1032: 17-62" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1032" docPubDate="2021-04-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001" docTitle="Macracantha hasselti Macharoenboon & Siriwut & Jeratthitikul 2021, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="7E7EE68D2DB65E1680CC7E33B36AEC74" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="7E7EE68D2DB65E1680CC7E33B36AEC74" masterDocTitle="A review of the taxonomy of spiny-backed orb-weaving spiders of the subfamily Gasteracanthinae (Araneae, Araneidae) in Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1668152383754" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the taxonomy of spiny-backed orb-weaving spiders of the subfamily Gasteracanthinae (Araneae, Araneidae) in Thailand</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Macharoenboon, Kongkit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Siriwut, Warut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-9548</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ekgachai.jer@mahidol.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-04-16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1032</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>17</mods:start>
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<mods:end>62</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1032-17</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">EBF7586A9EF748FEBFB53D8F1E372120</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7E7EE68D2DB65E1680CC7E33B36AEC74</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="181024638" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName LSID="6D483374-4B4E-50FC-86C5-A821DB4CB422" authority="(C. L. Koch, 1837)" authorityName="Macharoenboon & Siriwut & Jeratthitikul" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="C. L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Macracantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macracantha hasselti" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasselti" status="comb. nov.">Macracantha hasselti (C. L. Koch, 1837)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="17">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Females of A, B Macracantha arcuata and C, D M. hasselti showing dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) A orange morph, specimen from Prachuap Khiri Khan (MUMNH-ARA-MAC 008) B white morph, specimen from Kanchanaburi (MUMNH-ARA-MAC 013 - W 1) C sharp spines morph, specimen from Saraburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS 018) D long spines morph, specimen from Phetchaburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS 025)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532442" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Figures 9C-D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">, 12D-I</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Macharoenboon & Siriwut & Jeratthitikul" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Macharoenboon & Siriwut & Jeratthitikul" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Gasteracantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteracantha hasseltii" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasseltii" status="comb. nov.">Gasteracantha hasseltii</taxonomicName>
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C. L. Koch, 1837: 29, fig. 267. Type locality: Indonesia, Java.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Macharoenboon & Siriwut & Jeratthitikul" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Macharoenboon & Siriwut & Jeratthitikul" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Gasteracantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteracantha hasseltii" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasseltii" status="comb. nov.">Gasteracantha hasseltii</taxonomicName>
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Full list of synonyms and usage of the name available in
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<bibRefCitation author="World Spider Catalog" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" publicationUrl="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" refId="B97" refString="World Spider Catalog, 2020. World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern. http://wsc.nmbe.ch" title="World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern." url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2020">World Spider Catalog (2020)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228390" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.542833" location="Wang Nam Khiao District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.97034" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Nakhon Ratchasima Province">
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<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Ratchasima">Nakhon Ratchasima Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:32A65FD5357BFC41EEFEB94F03ADC1AD" country="Thailand" latitude="14.542833" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.97034" name="Wang Nam Khiao District" stateProvince="Nakhon Ratchasima Province">Wang Nam Khiao District</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="32.57" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.542833">14°32.57'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="58.22" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.97034">101°58.22'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-GAS013
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</materialsCitation>
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•
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228351" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="13.581333" location="Suan Phueng District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.17983" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Ratchaburi Province">
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Ratchaburi">Ratchaburi Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:00978E3CDA6B77F05628A33584AF4DFE" country="Thailand" latitude="13.581333" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.17983" name="Suan Phueng District" stateProvince="Ratchaburi Province">Suan Phueng District</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="34.88" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="13.581333">13°34.88'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="10.79" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.17983">99°10.79'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-GAS014
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</materialsCitation>
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•
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228375" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="19.140833" location="Tha Wang Pha District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="100.75633" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Nan Province">
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Nan">Nan Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:E1E7F0672C36728CEE57233A8F7E913B" country="Thailand" latitude="19.140833" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="100.75633" name="Tha Wang Pha District" stateProvince="Nan Province">Tha Wang Pha District</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="08.45" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="19.140833">19°08.45'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="45.38" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="100.75633">100°45.38'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-GAS15
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</materialsCitation>
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•
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228369" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.505" location="Wat Phupansoong" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="105.27216" municipality="Na Chaluai District" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Ubon Ratchathani Province">
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<specimenCount type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Ubon Ratchathani">Ubon Ratchathani Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Na Chaluai District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:58D84C13482D903FE29E89B703D9685C" country="Thailand" latitude="14.505" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="105.27216" municipality="Na Chaluai District" name="Wat Phupansoong" stateProvince="Ubon Ratchathani Province">Wat Phupansoong</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="30.30" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.505">14°30.30'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="16.33" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="105.27216">105°16.33'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-GAS016
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</materialsCitation>
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•
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228411" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.526333" location="Pak Chong District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.368835" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Nakhon Ratchasima Province">
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Ratchasima">Nakhon Ratchasima Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:34B855434D077B19E881E8810E7EE6CA" country="Thailand" latitude="14.526333" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.368835" name="Pak Chong District" stateProvince="Nakhon Ratchasima Province">Pak Chong District</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="31.58" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.526333">14°31.58'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="22.13" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.368835">101°22.13'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-GAS017
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</materialsCitation>
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•
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228349" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.4975" location="Tha Maprang" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.1375" municipality="Kaeng Khoi District" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Saraburi Province">
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Sara Buri">Saraburi Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Kaeng Khoi District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:9C8C3C7D0E9D4F036552A0D12502354F" country="Thailand" latitude="14.4975" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.1375" municipality="Kaeng Khoi District" name="Tha Maprang" stateProvince="Saraburi Province">Tha Maprang</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="29.85" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.4975">14°29.85'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="08.25" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.1375">101°08.25'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-GAS018
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</materialsCitation>
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•
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228416" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="18.441833" location="Huai Rong Waterfall" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="100.450165" municipality="Rong Kwang District" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Phrae Province">
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<specimenCount type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Phrae">Phrae Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Rong Kwang District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:6F071621F43DB0D1CE346DAA949BCD97" country="Thailand" latitude="18.441833" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="100.450165" municipality="Rong Kwang District" name="Huai Rong Waterfall" stateProvince="Phrae Province">Huai Rong Waterfall</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="26.51" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.441833">18°26.51'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="27.01" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="100.450165">100°27.01'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-GAS019
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</materialsCitation>
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•
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228415" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.790667" location="Non Sombun" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="105.10267" municipality="Det Udom District" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Ubon Ratchathani Province">
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<specimenCount type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Ubon Ratchathani">Ubon Ratchathani Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Det Udom District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:85FAB9D3067ECF83F4241D6FDB6997EC" country="Thailand" latitude="14.790667" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="105.10267" municipality="Det Udom District" name="Non Sombun" stateProvince="Ubon Ratchathani Province">Non Sombun</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="47.44" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.790667">14°47.44'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="06.16" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="105.10267">105°06.16'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-GAS020
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</materialsCitation>
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•
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228420" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.616167" location="Phaya Yen" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.265" municipality="Pak Chong District" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Nakhon Ratchasima Province">
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Ratchasima">Nakhon Ratchasima Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Pak Chong District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:329FB875D9DC3E1734548839B5A6A4E4" country="Thailand" latitude="14.616167" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.265" municipality="Pak Chong District" name="Phaya Yen" stateProvince="Nakhon Ratchasima Province">Phaya Yen</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="36.97" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.616167">14°36.97'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="15.90" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.265">101°15.90'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-GAS024
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</materialsCitation>
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•
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228426" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="12.890166" location="Kaeng Krachan District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.655334" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Phetchaburi Province">
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Phetchaburi">Phetchaburi Province</collectingRegion>
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,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:4AB44BD402A08715FFB0BD621FF22DB6" country="Thailand" latitude="12.890166" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.655334" name="Kaeng Krachan District" stateProvince="Phetchaburi Province">Kaeng Krachan District</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="53.41" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.890166">12°53.41'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="39.32" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.655334">99°39.32'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS025
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228360" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="12.911333" location="Kaeng Krachan District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.64083" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Phetchaburi Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Phetchaburi">Phetchaburi Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:BBFC24DB03367431F396FC0AECA6FB2A" country="Thailand" latitude="12.911333" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.64083" name="Kaeng Krachan District" stateProvince="Phetchaburi Province">Kaeng Krachan District</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="54.68" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.911333">12°54.68'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="38.45" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.64083">99°38.45'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS037
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228311" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="19.141834" location="Mae Taeng District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.915665" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:0EA77A63E24D20534535761D46D5829A" country="Thailand" latitude="19.141834" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.915665" name="Mae Taeng District" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Mae Taeng District</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="08.51" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="19.141834">19°08.51'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="54.94" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.915665">98°54.94'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS038
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228318" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="19.302" location="Pang Mu" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="97.962166" municipality="Mueang District" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Mae Hong Son Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Mae Hong Son">Mae Hong Son Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Mueang District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:7E71DBBF032354A840BB889FEA50BD41" country="Thailand" latitude="19.302" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="97.962166" municipality="Mueang District" name="Pang Mu" stateProvince="Mae Hong Son Province">Pang Mu</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="18.12" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="19.302">19°18.12'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="097" direction="east" minutes="57.73" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="97.962166">097°57.73'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS049
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228385" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="18.5385" location="Mae La Luang" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="97.89716" municipality="Mae La Noi District" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Mae Hong Son Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Mae Hong Son">Mae Hong Son Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Mae La Noi District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:6BE2E4BB42E4B1792ECD67F1E78135AC" country="Thailand" latitude="18.5385" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="97.89716" municipality="Mae La Noi District" name="Mae La Luang" stateProvince="Mae Hong Son Province">Mae La Luang</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="32.31" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.5385">18°32.31'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="53.83" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="97.89716">97°53.83'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS050
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228354" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="11.291166" location="Wat Tham Khao Wong" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.49533" municipality="Bang Saphan District" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Prachuap Khiri Khan Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Prachuap Khiri Khan">Prachuap Khiri Khan Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Bang Saphan District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:9D5BA2793CB9E800AF1B688320E5313D" country="Thailand" latitude="11.291166" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.49533" municipality="Bang Saphan District" name="Wat Tham Khao Wong" stateProvince="Prachuap Khiri Khan Province">Wat Tham Khao Wong</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="north" minutes="17.47" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="11.291166">11°17.47'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="29.72" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.49533">99°29.72'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS062
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228324" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="10.76" location="Pisadarn Cave" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.2295" municipality="Tha Sae District" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Chumphon Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chumphon">Chumphon Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Tha Sae District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:0C18AB3ECEC7FC24BA744680A50E8CE2" country="Thailand" latitude="10.76" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.2295" municipality="Tha Sae District" name="Pisadarn Cave" stateProvince="Chumphon Province">Pisadarn Cave</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="45.60" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="10.76">10°45.60'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="13.77" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.2295">99°13.77'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS065
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228414" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="13.3155" location="Saeng Tian Cave" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="102.33183" municipality="Khlong Hat District" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Sa Kaeo Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Sa Kaeo">Sa Kaeo Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Khlong Hat District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:5EB4147FDC556880D099A9CE42E41D14" country="Thailand" latitude="13.3155" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="102.33183" municipality="Khlong Hat District" name="Saeng Tian Cave" stateProvince="Sa Kaeo Province">Saeng Tian Cave</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="18.93" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="13.3155">13°18.93'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="19.91" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="102.33183">102°19.91'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS070
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228307" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="13.578834" location="Wat Tham Khao Chan" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="102.09267" municipality="Khao Chakan District" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Sa Kaeo Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Sa Kaeo">Sa Kaeo Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Khao Chakan District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:8BEF0D45F74B8B7F839E0C3540A78D78" country="Thailand" latitude="13.578834" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="102.09267" municipality="Khao Chakan District" name="Wat Tham Khao Chan" stateProvince="Sa Kaeo Province">Wat Tham Khao Chan</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="34.73" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="13.578834">13°34.73'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="05.56" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="102.09267">102°05.56'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS073
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228327" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.8075" location="Ong-ju Canal" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.09216" municipality="Si Sawat District" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Kanchanaburi">Kanchanaburi Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Si Sawat District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:041C2471AAFCD66ED022B4960464ADB4" country="Thailand" latitude="14.8075" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.09216" municipality="Si Sawat District" name="Ong-ju Canal" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">Ong-ju Canal</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="48.45" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.8075">14°48.45'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="05.53" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.09216">99°05.53'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS083
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228338" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="16.729" location="Lom Sak District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.337" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Phetchabun Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Phetchabun">Phetchabun Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:5232D7C7412823824379343B16FCE07E" country="Thailand" latitude="16.729" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.337" name="Lom Sak District" stateProvince="Phetchabun Province">Lom Sak District</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="43.74" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.729">16°43.74'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="20.22" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.337">101°20.22'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS088
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228376" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="16.075834" location="Wua Daeng Cave" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.441" municipality="Phakdi" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Chaiyaphum Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chaiyaphum">Chaiyaphum Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Phakdi</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chumphon">Chumphon District</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:A61F47905CA27B0BFC458B4BF21715A6" country="Thailand" latitude="16.075834" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.441" municipality="Phakdi" name="Wua Daeng Cave" stateProvince="Chaiyaphum Province">Wua Daeng Cave</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="04.55" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.075834">16°04.55'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="26.46" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.441">101°26.46'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS097
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228389" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="18.918333" location="Mae Raem" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.9085" municipality="Mae Rim District" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Mae Rim District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:A82E110A3B9920640E721D460E5D2E01" country="Thailand" latitude="18.918333" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.9085" municipality="Mae Rim District" name="Mae Raem" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Mae Raem</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="55.10" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.918333">18°55.10'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="54.51" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.9085">98°54.51'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS100
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228339" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.630834" location="Huai Kayeng" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.572" municipality="Thong Pha Phum District" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Kanchanaburi">Kanchanaburi Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Thong Pha Phum District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:62BD842DB6D096D49A928628C6AA7942" country="Thailand" latitude="14.630834" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.572" municipality="Thong Pha Phum District" name="Huai Kayeng" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">Huai Kayeng</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="37.85" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.630834">14°37.85'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="34.32" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.572">98°34.32'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS109
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228408" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.352333" location="Tha Sao" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.954666" municipality="Sai Yok District" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Kanchanaburi">Kanchanaburi Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Sai Yok District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:E21EDD9786AE645520FB00EEADE308B7" country="Thailand" latitude="14.352333" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.954666" municipality="Sai Yok District" name="Tha Sao" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">Tha Sao</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="21.14" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.352333">14°21.14'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="57.28" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.954666">98°57.28'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS113
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228319" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.804334" location="Khao Chot" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.18217" municipality="Si Sawat District" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Kanchanaburi">Kanchanaburi Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Si Sawat District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:5DF4CAE6CD8AE47D0A8AAAA3C03A2C3F" country="Thailand" latitude="14.804334" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.18217" municipality="Si Sawat District" name="Khao Chot" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">Khao Chot</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="48.26" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.804334">14°48.26'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="10.93" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.18217">99°10.93'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-GAS121
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228321" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.3735" location="Tha Kradan" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.15033" municipality="Si Sawat District" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Kanchanaburi">Kanchanaburi Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
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<collectingMunicipality>Si Sawat District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4833744B4E50FC86C5A821DB4CB422:AC31FCBAF0081E1E1908837998E2FCD0" country="Thailand" latitude="14.3735" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.15033" municipality="Si Sawat District" name="Tha Kradan" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">Tha Kradan</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="22.41" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.3735">14°22.41'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="09.02" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.15033">99°09.02'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-GAS125
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|
</materialsCitation>
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|
.
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|
</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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Sternum black with yellow patches near anterior edge, coxae II and III, and the apex. Abdomen octagonal. Anterior edge of abdomen curved between anterior spines. Dorsal side of abdomen yellow with black and white patches near anterior margin. Anterior and posterior spines small, and sharp at the tips. Median spines longest, tapering toward the tip. Ventral side of abdomen black with scattered yellow stripes. Spinnerets placed on strongly elevated black sclerotized structure. Ten anterior edge sigilla subequal in size. Four median sigilla arranged in a trapezoid. Ten posterior edge sigilla arranged in a straight line, with the first pair and the second and third sigilla from the middle close together. Outer posterior edge with nine sigilla in total: five sigilla placed near posterior spines, two sigilla on each side. Epigynum subtriangular with sock-shaped structures, opposite to each other (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">12D, G</figureCitation>
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|
). Scape very long, tongue-shaped, pointed posteriorly (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">12E, H</figureCitation>
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|
). Spermathecae balloon-shaped (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">12D, G</figureCitation>
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|
). Copulatory ducts bulging distally, encapsulated by sclerotized structure (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">12D, G</figureCitation>
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|
). Fertilization ducts emerging posteriorly from spermathecae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">12D, G</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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The patch near abdominal anterior margin is narrow or absent in some specimens. Two morphs are found in this study: a sharp spines morph (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Females of A, B Macracantha arcuata and C, D M. hasselti showing dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) A orange morph, specimen from Prachuap Khiri Khan (MUMNH-ARA-MAC 008) B white morph, specimen from Kanchanaburi (MUMNH-ARA-MAC 013 - W 1) C sharp spines morph, specimen from Saraburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS 018) D long spines morph, specimen from Phetchaburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS 025)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532442" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">9C</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">12D-F</figureCitation>
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) with its morphology as in the diagnosis, and a long spines morph (figs 9D; 12G-I), which is characterized by the six abdominal spines being longer than in the sharp spines morph. The median spines are longest, straight without tapering, and with spikes at the bases. The epigynum of the two morphs are similar in shape.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Macharoenboon & Siriwut & Jeratthitikul" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="C. L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Macracantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macracantha hasselti" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasselti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Macracantha hasselti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was once classified in genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Gasteracantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteracantha" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Gasteracantha</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
(
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|
<bibRefCitation author="World Spider Catalog" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" publicationUrl="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" refId="B97" refString="World Spider Catalog, 2020. World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern. http://wsc.nmbe.ch" title="World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern." url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
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|
). However, the phylogenetic tree in this study recovered a sister relationship between
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. arcuata" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="arcuata">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">M. arcuata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. hasselti" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="hasselti">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">M. hasselti</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
, which is supported by their synapomorphic characters (see discussion) in both external and internal morphologies. Based on this evidence, we propose to reclassify these two species in the same genus.
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
|
The long spines morph resembles
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1900" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Gasteracantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteracantha dalyi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalyi">
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Gasteracantha dalyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
Pocock, 1900, especially as their female genital structures are identical (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Tikader, BK" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" refId="B88" refString="Tikader, BK, 1982. The fauna of India. Spiders: Araneae. Vol. II. Part 1 Family Araneidae (= Argiopidae) typical orb-weavers. Part 2 Family Gnaphosidae. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" title="The fauna of India. Spiders: Araneae. Vol. II. Part 1 Family Araneidae (= Argiopidae) typical orb-weavers. Part 2 Family Gnaphosidae." year="1982">Tikader 1982</bibRefCitation>
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|
). They are differentiated from each other by the morphology of abdominal spines. Anterior and posterior spines of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. hasselti" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="hasselti">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">M. hasselti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are longer and the median spines are shorter than in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. dalyi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalyi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">G. dalyi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Tikader, BK" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" refId="B88" refString="Tikader, BK, 1982. The fauna of India. Spiders: Araneae. Vol. II. Part 1 Family Araneidae (= Argiopidae) typical orb-weavers. Part 2 Family Gnaphosidae. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" title="The fauna of India. Spiders: Araneae. Vol. II. Part 1 Family Araneidae (= Argiopidae) typical orb-weavers. Part 2 Family Gnaphosidae." year="1982">Tikader 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
|
India, China, Cambodia, Vietnam, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia (Java, and Sumatra) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Yin, CM" journalOrPublisher="Hunan Science and Technology Press, Changsha" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" refId="B100" refString="Yin, CM, Peng, XJ, Yan, HM, Bao, YH, Xu, X, Tang, G, Zhou, QS, Liu, P, 2012. Fauna Hunan: Araneae in Hunan, China. Hunan Science and Technology Press, Changsha" title="Fauna Hunan: Araneae in Hunan, China." year="2012">Yin et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Sen, S" journalOrPublisher="World Scientific News" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 339" refId="B77" refString="Sen, S, Dhali, DC, Saha, S, Raychaudhuri, D, 2015. Spiders (Araneae: Arachnida) of reserve forests of Dooars: Gorumara National Park, Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary and Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary. World Scientific News 20: 1 - 339" title="Spiders (Araneae: Arachnida) of reserve forests of Dooars: Gorumara National Park, Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary and Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary." volume="20" year="2015">Sen et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="World Spider Catalog" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" publicationUrl="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" refId="B97" refString="World Spider Catalog, 2020. World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern. http://wsc.nmbe.ch" title="World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern." url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Macharoenboon & Siriwut & Jeratthitikul" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="C. L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Macracantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macracantha hasselti" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasselti">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Macracantha hasselti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
builds a vertical web under the shade of large trees or thick shrubs.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
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</document> |