269 lines
44 KiB
XML
269 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document id="98E98822D92785A7248A7B67252074B5" ID-CLB-Dataset="53617" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5125.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="289bec22-1397-48e1-b0f8-a59fe6da73fe" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6420356" ID-ZooBank="B821DD6C-B803-4A27-806E-DD2ADC2238C7" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1649314291665" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia, Nakahara, Shinichi, Kabir, Jamal, Shellman, Brooke, Tejeira, Rafael, Ccahuana, Rodrigo & Gallice, Geoffrey" docDate="2022" docId="5E07C56AE855A57E5C8E54BFFD28A0D8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5125.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5125 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Nhambikuara mima" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="A23EBD12E853A5765C195540FFEEA175" masterDocTitle="Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1699319515162" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="0D93783244923B8B5D227FBDF2E73D41" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="57E4E252AFB6614DFC6DDFB5D63210E1">
|
||
<mods:title id="170BEC4401522D0506C6886D988822A4">Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="B4C3A31996D8785AC793A2B471087658" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="CCE0945680804661184A22E65A95002E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="FBDAE9FFD89C184DF7A05EF967A11C75">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A158DF611FEE4B5C8C1EC42F88759680">Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="01FC85C0311BDDAC2F66BB3225438D02" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0182-4194</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="99ECD937CD8B42D9A9D32685215C4160">Universidad Nacional Amazonica de Madre de Dios, Av. Jorge Chávez 1160, Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios 17000, Perú corahuaespinoza 29 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0182 - 4194 & Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5FE6176CFE4C649F585DAC8C594C46D2" type="email">corahuaespinoza29@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="2ED622EF83BD86D390DA2BA971C3954E" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="8A3B7F5B572689773AFB4C1ED988BB91">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="77CD1B9FD17EEEBC3EB620B834DBCACC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="3737B0F562FD1E2A1AEB2C7305089DC2">Nakahara, Shinichi</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="36DEF676E7419957B17FF09B430ACC5A">McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA & Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434 Lima- 14, Perú</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="C2F64A528A2739C8182F5C20D083F3FB" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="926FBB1BE1971B0407DD120F166BFC29">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="836C8CA658E786DD56228277E536A64A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="8F606D6F4A9A157DBF563E34AE52067B">Kabir, Jamal</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="3CF6928C2D9535CA2960C3457B477AD9">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="9C58D9970B1B7E0D72093CC49AD155BE" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="2896E1190B157815CD9056A7D8B5B6BB">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="BF29C16044951730B4CC52CA3946FD59">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="3CD4B0CC2885A9A9641301F99DBED7F3">Shellman, Brooke</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="356A67F7CCE6E2B8F6AD20F96AEB3029">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Department of Biology, St. Joseph’s College, Patchogue, NY 11772, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="AA3B8B4D17388D0C3C99DECB47D81DB4" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="9923B8F244C4915582D7FE964E6897B8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="BC821B0597F63F85A8941CFF941ED3C6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="DAA787B00202349C05D81DEEC56B2127">Tejeira, Rafael</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="915749837877CA3FDA99ACE2AA529632">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de La Cultura 773, Cusco 08000, Perú</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="A094A40D468BB87B3755076CCF4214C4" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="55C909BB122B75569299FE7039560211">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="DEEEC1657D31E9298912383A017F8D63">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="FB5E6B16434241DC9808429AEE2F8899">Ccahuana, Rodrigo</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="B6666CF375320A80FC6FF179A796A459">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de La Cultura 773, Cusco 08000, Perú</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="95C9D258FAF82FD742E3DBAFEE88595C" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="ECC1907ED58845D57F3D850B528AE73D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D2407556B2253528949AE9CB3FBF98BA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="8F653E5A40FB733E70FCACF8E194EC4D">Gallice, Geoffrey</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="397E768669140A72A1E2206743715786">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="9107C3C3E3FA034A317CBA5B4CD41A94">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="2D663D60039832EB4E6251F2B28C00E2" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="73813E8365310E34D9E2A8F0BB07FABA">
|
||
<mods:title id="D345E88F1C6DE4289B535E85BFE4334C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="4ECA32F671ECCD878111642AAB3BA591">
|
||
<mods:date id="5BBCF6FCA8D3B2D909F372A94B4D39E2">2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="C612DF575F380532AC77CAEA3B8D254A" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="595584AE0578297BD2E9C32F4E389AD5">2022-04-07</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="BC00496D98C92114CE3F3EBBD5E7DE6F" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="16ACB874459DADFEF3833321EAD47018">5125</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="D7184380D6A50BFEF1E5CBB0CBC3557E" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="1D4A3F70DD855B5B51E690C0C6B87F3A">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="2745E5AD52920524F83035CCA9F8E648" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="5E20F36C0123B426790D569E9A05457B">37</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="7D7F3884764BF904038C79034D7C41FA">62</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="ACA2090A5010530CADC41DC31C196D11">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="46A20E03BB7122C3F5D188CF023EC8DE" type="CLB-Dataset">53617</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7D8B62C2A7C4FE485D722DEFB6C160A4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5125.1.3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FA5F45DDB64DFAFB20625C5734F014CF" type="GBIF-Dataset">289bec22-1397-48e1-b0f8-a59fe6da73fe</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="1A42E5B83513C31127D5D8EAA8EBF1F8" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6F51FA1C8449B90087B9942880E64962" type="Zenodo-Dep">6420356</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B9E4ED631DE9FDF0049B8DEA81E148D5" type="ZooBank">B821DD6C-B803-4A27-806E-DD2ADC2238C7</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="5E07C56AE855A57E5C8E54BFFD28A0D8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420358" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194471767" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6420358" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E07C56AE855A57E5C8E54BFFD28A0D8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E07C56AE855A57E5C8E54BFFD28A0D8" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E855A5705C8E54BFFBF6A34B" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE855A5705C8E54BFFDD0A36C" blockId="6.[151,1048,511,574]" box="[151,574,511,538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<heading id="8D59C310E855A5705C8E54BFFDD0A36C" bold="true" box="[151,574,511,538]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE855A5705C8E54BFFDD0A36C" authority="(Butler, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,574,511,538]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Nhambikuara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mima">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705C8E54BFFDD0A36C" bold="true" box="[151,574,511,538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705C8E54BFFE62A36C" bold="true" box="[151,396,511,538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Nhambikuara mima</emphasis>
|
||
(Butler, 1867)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE855A5705C8E5763FBF6A34B" blockId="6.[151,1048,511,574]" box="[151,1048,547,574]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">(2021-FLP-IMM-0486, 0489, 0520, 0521, 0528, 0536, 0537, 0538, 0539, 0542)</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E855A5715C8E572BFF33A7C8" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE855A5705C8E572BFCABA3B8" blockId="6.[151,1436,619,1042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705C8E572BFF28A3F0" bold="true" box="[151,198,619,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Egg</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E855A5705CCF572BFEF5A3F0" box="[214,283,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
: 1a, b). Spherical, semi-transparent, pearl-like and whitish in color, with polygonal markings covering the surface. Black patchy irregular spots appear two days prior to hatching (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E855A5705FC557CFFBF7A3DC" box="[988,1049,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig.1</figureCitation>
|
||
: 1b). Diameter:
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E855A57058D257CFFABFA3DF" box="[1227,1361,655,682]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=2). Duration: Unknown, hatched 2–6 days (n=8) after collection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE855A5705CDE5797FBD8A564" blockId="6.[151,1436,619,1042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705CDE5797FEA0A384" bold="true" box="[199,334,727,753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">First instar</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E855A5705D475797FE4DA384" box="[350,419,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
: 2a, b;
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E855A5705DEE5797FDD2A387" box="[503,572,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
: a). Head capsule width:
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E855A5705F435797FC50A387" box="[858,958,727,754]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="0.92">0.92 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing black with rectangular scolus, with two rather broad seta (scolus length
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E855A5705F2557BBFC71A263" box="[828,927,763,790]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=1)); three chalazae visible in frontal view, M1, M2, M3, with seta on each of M1-3; five setae visible on one side of labrum; six stemmata visible, with stemma 1 and 6 somewhat paler and thus insignificant, stemma 3 largest, closer to stemma 2 than 4. Body integument creamy-white and semi-transparent, influencing dark green (T1 to A5) to light green (A6 to A8) body color due to gut content; pair of white stripes in subdorsal area; tracheal system barely visible; chaetotaxy not fully discernible based on photographs, primary setae weakly bulbed at apex (
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705F5456F0FC65A2BC" box="[845,907,944,969]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B23F098DE855A5705F8A56F0FBABA2BC" author="Murray, D. L." box="[915,1093,943,970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" refId="ref13464" refString="Murray, D. L. (2001) Systematics of neotropical satyrine butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Euptychiina) based on larval morphology and DNA sequence data and the evolution of life history traits. PhD dissertation, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 367 pp." type="book" year="2001">Murray (2001))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, XD1 and XD2 visible on T1; D1, D2, SD1 and L1 apparently present from T1 to A10 (D1 approximately 1.5 times longer than D2 on A8 and A9); short, bifid caudal filaments. Body length: 4.0 mm (n=1). Duration: 7 days (n = 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="82D124F4E855A5705C8E5249FC5CA6C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" startId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" targetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE855A5705C8E5249FC5CA6C7" blockId="6.[151,1436,1801,1970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705C8E5249FEFCA654" bold="true" box="[151,274,1801,1825]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Life history of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE855A5705DB45249FD9BA654" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[429,629,1801,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Nhambikuara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mima">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705DB45249FD9BA654" box="[429,629,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Nhambikuara mima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE55D6FED4A0A4" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE55D6FE84A1C5" bold="true" box="[199,362,150,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Second instar</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715D6055D7FE53A1C4" box="[377,445,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
: 3a, b;
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715E1655D7FDBDA1C4" box="[527,595,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
: b). Head capsule width:
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715F7655D7FC2BA1C4" box="[879,965,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing light olive with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, inner short fork positioned perpendicular to horizontal plane, appearing darker distally, with seta on both tips (scolus length
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715834559FFB7CA18C" box="[1069,1170,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.64">0.64 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=1)); seven chalazae visible on lateral side, M1, M2, M3, P1, P2, P3, P4, with primary seta on each of M1-3, P1,2; five setae visible on one of labrum; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar. Body light green, dorsally with rather broad, white, parallel bands delineating the mid-dorsal region; four dorso-lateral stripes lateral to white bands, first band broadest and extending towards base of caudal filament, fourth narrow and somewhat insignificant; spiracles visible as dark green spots; short, bifid caudal filaments, dorsally pink. Body length: 6.4–8.0 mm (n=2). Duration: 7 days (n = 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE549AFF5BA260" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE549AFEB3A081" bold="true" box="[199,349,474,500]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Third instar</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715D68549BFE57A080" box="[369,441,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
: 4a, b). Head capsule width:
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715F0E549AFC9EA080" box="[791,880,474,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing light olive with numerous secondary setae “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, inner short fork positioned perpendicular to horizontal plane, appearing darker distally, with seta on both tips (scolus length
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715FA45763FBFBA348" box="[957,1045,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=1)); seven chalazae visible on lateral side, M1, M2, M3, P1, P2, P3, P4, with primary seta on each of M1-3; five setae visible on one of labrum; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar. Body light green, dorsally with rather broad, white, parallel bands delineating the mid-dorsal region; four dorso-lateral stripes lateral to white bands, first band broadest and extending towards base of caudal filament, fourth narrow and somewhat insignificant; spiracles visible as dark green spots; short, bifid caudal filaments, dorsally pink. Body length:
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715FB15797FBD3A384" box="[936,1085,727,753]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" metricValueMax="1.28" metricValueMin="0.96" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="11.2" valueMax="12.8" valueMin="9.6">9.6–12.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=4). Duration: 6–7 days (n = 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE565FFD51A52C" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE565FFE89A24D" bold="true" box="[199,359,798,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fourth instar</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715D6F565FFE54A24C" box="[374,442,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
: 5a, b). Head capsule width: 2.0 mm (n=1). Head capsule appearing olive with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, inner short fork positioned perpendicular to horizontal plane, appearing darker distally, with seta on both tips (scolus length
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715F4C5627FC45A2F4" box="[853,939,871,897]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=1)); seven chalazae (M1-3, P1-4) visible on lateral side, developed compared to previous instar, with primary seta on each of these seven chalazae, as well as on two chalazae posterior of scolus; dark band-like marking visible on frontal part and lateral side of head capsule (as illustrated); five setae visible on one of labrum; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar. Body pinkish dorsally and olive laterally; general pattern similar to previous instar except for inner margin of broad dorsal white band appearing thicker and thus delineating pink mid-dorsal region with contrast. Body length:
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715C8E517FFED4A52C" box="[151,314,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8699999999999999" metricValueMin="1.23" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="18.7" valueMin="12.3">12.3–18.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=4). Duration: 7–16 days (n=4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE5122FCCFA490" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE5122FE23A509" bold="true" box="[199,461,1122,1148]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fifth (ultimate) instar</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715DC55123FDCEA508" box="[476,544,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
: 6a, b;
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715E6A5123FD5EA508" box="[627,688,1122,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig 5</figureCitation>
|
||
: c, d). Head capsule width:
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715FFE5123FBD0A508" box="[999,1086,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing olive with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, similar to previous instar except for appearing shorter in proportion to head capsule height (scolus length
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715FAA51EAFBE5A5B0" box="[947,1035,1194,1221]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=1)); seven chalazae (M1-3, P1- 4) visible on lateral side, overall arrangement similar to previous instar; dark band-like marking visible on frontal part and lateral side of head capsule (as illustrated); five setae visible on one of labrum; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar; labrum appearing reduced. Body pink, dorsally with dark rose mid-dorsal region delineated with creamy-white narrow band adjacent to pink broad dorsal region; stripes dorso-lateral to lateral bands appearing creamy-white and somewhat insignificant, except for thick creamy-white ventral margin; dark reddish, rounded spots present along posterior margin of dorso-lateral region from A1 to A6, as well as A7 but rather insignificant; spiracles visible as dark brownish spots; short, bifid caudal filaments, dorsally pink. Body length:
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715CF5508BFE61A490" box="[236,399,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" metricValueMax="2.67" metricValueMin="2.27" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="24.7" valueMax="26.7" valueMin="22.7">22.7–26.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=4). Duration: 10–13 days (n=4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE50AFFF33A7C8" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE50AFFEEBA77C" bold="true" box="[199,261,1519,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715D0150AFFE8FA77C" box="[280,353,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
: 7a, b, c). Body light brown, mottled with dark brown especially prominent on thorax, head appearing rather pale ventrally except for antennae; body overall appearing slender with squared ocular caps; small brown protuberances present in two rows along dorsal area of abdomen (appearing darker on A1); paired shoulderlike protuberances present on the mesothorax; light brown cremaster, short and gradually narrowing towards distal end in posterior view, with rounded pitted sculptures. Body length: 12.0–
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715FFE533FFBA2A7EC" box="[999,1100,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="12.8">12.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=2). Duration: 11–13 days (n=3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E854A57E5CDE5387FD28A0D8" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE5387FE5AA673" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE5387FEA0A794" bold="true" box="[199,334,1735,1761]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Host plant</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715D7E5387FE5FA794" box="[359,433,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1106,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-423@11.[151,1436,1101,1811]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Host plant, two variations of Taquara micrantha. Taquara micrantha with pubescence on the abaxial surface as a host plant for Nhambikuara mima and Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a) leaves; 1b) close-up view of the node and abaxial part showing pubescence; 1c) inflorescence materials; 1d) host plant in situ. Taquara micrantha lacking pubescence for Splendeuptychia furina: 2a) leaves and inflorescence in situ; 2b) close-up view of nodes; 2c) close-up view of abaxial surface showing lack of pubescence; 2d) host plant in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420370/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig 4</figureCitation>
|
||
: 1a-d; 2a-d).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A5715E7A5387FAF0A794" authority="(Kunth) I. L. C. Oliveira & R. P. Oliveira" authorityName="I. L. C. Oliveira & R. P. Oliveira" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" box="[611,1310,1735,1762]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715E7A5387FCABA794" box="[611,837,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||
(Kunth) I.L.C.Oliveira & R.P.Oliveira
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A571592E5387FA77A794" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[1335,1433,1735,1761]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A5715C8E53ABFEAEA670" authorityName="Luerssen" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,320,1771,1797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bambusoideae">Bambusoideae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A5715D5253ABFE47A673" box="[331,425,1771,1798]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Olyreae">Olyreae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE524FFDCBA6CC" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
This is a species of herbaceous bamboo, usually found grouped with other individuals of the same species in understory light gaps, as well as along the forest edges at FLP.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A5715F6A5273FBA3A638" box="[883,1101,1843,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715F6A5273FBA3A638" box="[883,1101,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a species characterized by considerable variation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B23F098DE854A5715D845217FD94A604" author="Oliveira, I. L. C. & Matos, A. O. & Silva, C. & Carvalho, M. L. S. & Tyrrell, C. D. & Clark, L. G. & Oliveira, R. P." box="[413,634,1879,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" pagination="61 - 81" refId="ref13870" refString="Oliveira, I. L. C., Matos, A. O., Silva, C., Carvalho, M. L. S., Tyrrell, C. D., Clark, L. G. & Oliveira, R. P. (2020) Delving deeper into the phylogenetics of the herbaceous bamboos (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae): Evaluation of generic boundaries in the Parodiolyra / Raddiella clade uncovers a new genus. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 192, 61 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / botlinnean / boz 049" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Oliveira
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715E195217FDDFA604" box="[512,561,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which appears to be the case at FLP. The larvae were found feeding on two variations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A5715D47523BFDD8A6E0" box="[350,566,1915,1941]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715D47523BFDD8A6E0" box="[350,566,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, characterized by presence or absence of pubescence on the stem and leaves, during different months of the year.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A57E5CDE5283FEF5A034" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Two larvae (2021-FLP-IMM-0486 and 2021-FLP-IMM-0489;
|
||
<date id="A21052BCE854A5715F905283FC19A6A8" box="[905,1015,1987,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" value="2021-07">July 2021</date>
|
||
) were found on a single
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A57159175283FA72A6A8" box="[1294,1436,1987,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A57159175283FA72A6A8" box="[1294,1436,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">T. micrantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
plant growing in a gap near the edge of the forest. This plant had prominent pubescence on the stem and on the abaxial surface of the leaves (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5DFB55FBFDC9A1A0" box="[482,551,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1106,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-423@11.[151,1436,1101,1811]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Host plant, two variations of Taquara micrantha. Taquara micrantha with pubescence on the abaxial surface as a host plant for Nhambikuara mima and Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a) leaves; 1b) close-up view of the node and abaxial part showing pubescence; 1c) inflorescence materials; 1d) host plant in situ. Taquara micrantha lacking pubescence for Splendeuptychia furina: 2a) leaves and inflorescence in situ; 2b) close-up view of nodes; 2c) close-up view of abaxial surface showing lack of pubescence; 2d) host plant in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420370/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
: 1a-d; one variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85BA57E5F3055FBFBEEA1A0" box="[809,1024,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5F3055FBFBEEA1A0" box="[809,1024,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Eight eggs (2021-FLP-IMM-0520, 0521, 0528, 0536, 0537, 0538, 0539, 0542;
|
||
<date id="A21052BCE85BA57E5E80559FFCBAA18C" box="[665,852,223,249]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" value="2021-09">September 2021</date>
|
||
) were found on plants near a palm swamp. These plants had lacked pubescence on the stem and scabrous abaxial surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5FDF5443FBE3A068" box="[966,1037,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1106,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-423@11.[151,1436,1101,1811]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Host plant, two variations of Taquara micrantha. Taquara micrantha with pubescence on the abaxial surface as a host plant for Nhambikuara mima and Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a) leaves; 1b) close-up view of the node and abaxial part showing pubescence; 1c) inflorescence materials; 1d) host plant in situ. Taquara micrantha lacking pubescence for Splendeuptychia furina: 2a) leaves and inflorescence in situ; 2b) close-up view of nodes; 2c) close-up view of abaxial surface showing lack of pubescence; 2d) host plant in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420370/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
: 2a-d; another variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85BA57E59275443FEE4A034" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E59275443FEE4A034" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85BA57E5CDE540BFD28A0D8" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489 at the time of larva collection for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85BA57E5FBB540BFB6EA011" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[930,1152,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Nhambikuara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mima">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5FBB540BFB6EA011" box="[930,1152,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Nhambikuara mima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<date id="A21052BCE85BA57E5897540BFAC4A010" box="[1166,1322,331,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" value="2021-07-23">July 23, 2021</date>
|
||
), the plant was
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5CD3542FFEE4A0FC" box="[202,266,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="0.4">0.4 m</quantity>
|
||
tall. The larva was found at a distance of
|
||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5EFB542FFCCCA0FC" box="[738,802,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="0.2">0.2 m</quantity>
|
||
from the ground, on the abaxial surface of the leaf, near the leaf apex, at the margin of the blade (
|
||
<tableCitation id="9B2C41C7E85BA57E5E7854D3FD57A0D8" box="[609,697,403,429]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,517,543]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Details of sampled materials with information on the host plant conditions. Abbreviations: abaxial (AB); adaxial (AD); distal (D); middle (M); proximal (P); midrib (B); middle (E); margin (IN); new (N); mature (MA); old (O); none (NO); light (L); mid (MI); heavy (H)." pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |