208 lines
17 KiB
XML
208 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7359191" ID-ISBN="1-56098-217-9" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7359191" approvalRequired="75" approvalRequired_for_document="2" approvalRequired_for_matCits="72" approvalRequired_for_originalDoi="1" checkinTime="1667534080339" checkinUser="GgServerImporter" docAuthor="W. Christopher Wozencraft" docDate="1993" docId="41263629C31C7449FEDBFAF3FAF81D46" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.1993.Carnivora.279-348.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London: Smithsonian Institution Press" docTitle="Phoca vitulina Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="332" masterDocId="BD1F4E51C329747CFFD6FC3FFFE0142F" masterDocTitle="Order Carnivora" masterLastPageNumber="348" masterPageNumber="279" pageNumber="332" updateTime="1669342317230" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Order Carnivora</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>W. Christopher Wozencraft</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>1993</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher>Smithsonian Institution Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Washington and London</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>DeeAnn M. Reeder</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>279</mods:start>
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<mods:end>348</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7359191</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">1-56098-217-9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7359191</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7288734" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7288734" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41263629C31C7449FEDBFAF3FAF81D46" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/41263629C31C7449FEDBFAF3FAF81D46" lastPageNumber="332" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">
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<subSubSection box="[269,1223,1740,1779]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="53.[269,1874,1740,2409]" box="[269,1223,1740,1779]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">
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<treatmentCitation ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3918589" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3918589" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:064A76C7-49C4-4231-842D-67C82DACD58E" author="Linnaeus" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[269,1213,1740,1779]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E82642C2664A831DDB4A367E4C4985FC" journal="Syst. Nat., 10th ed." kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" page="38" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vitulina" title="Phoca vitulina" volume="1" year="1758">
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<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[269,778,1740,1779]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vitulina">
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<emphasis box="[269,503,1740,1779]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">Phoca vitulina</emphasis>
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Linnaeus, 1758
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibCitation author="Linnaeus" box="[797,1213,1740,1779]" journal="Syst. Nat., 10th ed." pageId="53" pageNumber="332" pagination="38" title="Phoca vitulina" volume="1" year="1758">Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:38</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="332" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="53.[269,1874,1740,2409]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">
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TYPE LOCALITY:
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<materialsCitation pageId="53" pageNumber="332">
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"in mari Europaeo" restricted by
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<bibRefCitation author="Thomas, O." box="[1125,1393,1784,1822]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" refId="ref353417" refString="Thomas, O. 1911 a. The mammals of the tenth edition of Linnaeus; an attempt to fix the types of the genera and the exact bases and localities of the species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1911: 120 - 158." year="1911">Thomas (1911a)</bibRefCitation>
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to "Mari Bothnico et Baltico", however, presently it does not occur in the Gulf of Bothnia (Bobrinski et al., 1944)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="332" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="53.[269,1874,1740,2409]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">
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DISTRIBUTION: Kurile Isis and
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<collectingRegion box="[800,989,1910,1949]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
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(
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<collectingCountry box="[1017,1134,1910,1949]" name="Russia" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">Russia</collectingCountry>
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); south to Kiangsu (
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<collectingCountry box="[1482,1590,1910,1949]" name="China" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">China</collectingCountry>
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); Alaska to
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<collectingCountry box="[395,522,1953,1993]" name="Mexico" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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;
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<collectingCountry box="[542,722,1953,1993]" name="Greenland" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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and E
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<collectingCountry box="[843,971,1953,1993]" name="Canada" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">Canada</collectingCountry>
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to NE
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<collectingCountry box="[1094,1175,1953,1993]" name="United States of America" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">USA</collectingCountry>
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;
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<collectingCountry box="[1195,1323,1953,1993]" name="Iceland" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">Iceland</collectingCountry>
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; Britain and Europe; Seal Lakes, Ungava Peninsula (
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<collectingCountry box="[855,989,1995,2031]" name="Canada" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">Canada</collectingCountry>
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); Iliamna Lake,
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<collectingRegion box="[1268,1384,1995,2031]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">Alaska</collectingRegion>
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(
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<collectingCountry box="[1412,1494,1995,2031]" name="United States of America" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">USA</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[309,1062,2036,2074]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="53.[269,1874,1740,2409]" box="[309,1062,2036,2074]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">
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STATUS: IUCN - Vulnerable as
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<emphasis box="[817,1062,2036,2074]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">
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<taxonomicName box="[817,1052,2036,2074]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" variety="stejnegeri">P. v. stejnegeri</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="332" type="synonym_list">
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<paragraph blockId="53.[269,1874,1740,2409]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">
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SYNONYMS:
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<emphasis box="[494,672,2078,2117]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">antarcticus</emphasis>
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Peale, 1848;
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<taxonomicName authority="Gray, 1866" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1866" box="[901,1265,2078,2117]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californica">
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<emphasis box="[901,1067,2078,2117]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">californica</emphasis>
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Gray, 1866
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName authority="Pallas, 1811" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1811" box="[1286,1608,2078,2117]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canina">
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<emphasis box="[1286,1389,2078,2117]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">canina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Pallas, P. S." box="[1403,1608,2078,2117]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" refId="ref271664" refString="Pallas, P. S. 1811 [1831]. Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica, sistens omnium Animalium in extenso Imperio Rossico et adjacentibus maribus observatorum recensionem, domicillia, mores et descriptiones, anatomen atque icones plurimorum. [ICZN Opinion 212 -- dates of volumes: 1 & 2: 1811; 3: 1814]. Petropoli, in officina Caes. acadamiae scientiarum. 3 vol. [official date of publ for vol 1 - 1811 impress], 1: 1 - 568." year="1811">Pallas, 1811</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName authority="DeKay, 1842" authorityName="DeKay" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="concolor">
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<emphasis box="[1628,1763,2078,2117]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">concolor</emphasis>
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DeKay, 1842
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<emphasis box="[628,838,2119,2157]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">geronimensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Allen, J. A." box="[852,1046,2119,2157]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" refId="ref5572" refString="Allen, J. A. 1902. Mammal names proposed by Oken in his " Lehrbuch der Zoologie ". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 16: 373 - 379." year="1902">Allen, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<taxonomicName authority="Belkin, 1964" authorityName="Belkin" authorityYear="1964" box="[1069,1433,2119,2157]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
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<emphasis box="[1069,1208,2119,2157]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">insularis</emphasis>
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Belkin, 1964
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName authority="McLaren, 1966" authorityName="McLaren" authorityYear="1966" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kurilensis">
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<emphasis box="[1453,1611,2119,2157]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">kurilensis</emphasis>
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McLaren, 1966
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName authority="Lesson, 1828" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1828" box="[497,840,2161,2200]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="linnaei">
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<emphasis box="[497,607,2161,2200]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">linnaei</emphasis>
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Lesson, 1828
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName authority="Thienemann, 1824" authorityName="Thienemann" authorityYear="1824" box="[861,1305,2161,2200]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="littorea">
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<emphasis box="[861,976,2161,2200]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">littorea</emphasis>
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Thienemann, 1824
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<emphasis box="[1326,1465,2161,2200]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">mellonae</emphasis>
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Doutt, 1942;
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<emphasis box="[1699,1788,2161,2200]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">pealii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Gill, T." pageId="53" pageNumber="332" refId="ref121271" refString="Gill, T. 1866. Prodrome of a monograph of the pinnipeds. Proceedings of the Essex Institute, Communications, 5: 1 - 13." year="1866">Gill, 1866</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<emphasis box="[496,694,2203,2242]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">pribilofensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Allen, J. A." box="[707,902,2203,2242]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" refId="ref5572" refString="Allen, J. A. 1902. Mammal names proposed by Oken in his " Lehrbuch der Zoologie ". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 16: 373 - 379." year="1902">Allen, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<taxonomicName authority="Gray, 1873" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1873" box="[924,1259,2203,2242]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardii">
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<emphasis box="[924,1062,2203,2242]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">richardii</emphasis>
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Gray, 1873
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName authority="Thienemann, 1824" authorityName="Thienemann" authorityYear="1824" box="[1278,1786,2203,2242]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scopulicola">
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<emphasis box="[1278,1454,2203,2242]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">scopulicola</emphasis>
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Thienemann, 1824
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName authority="Lesson, 1828" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1828" box="[396,839,2244,2283]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thienemannii">
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<emphasis box="[396,605,2244,2283]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">thienemannii</emphasis>
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Lesson, 1828
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName authority="Nilsson, 1820" authorityName="Nilsson" authorityYear="1820" box="[859,1250,2244,2283]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegata">
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<emphasis box="[859,1006,2244,2283]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">variegata</emphasis>
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Nilsson, 1820
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="332" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="53.[269,1874,1740,2409]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">
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COMMENTS: The position of
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<taxonomicName authority="Allen, 1902" authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1902" box="[770,1134,2286,2326]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">
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<emphasis box="[770,927,2286,2326]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">stejnegeri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Allen, J. A." box="[939,1134,2286,2326]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" refId="ref5572" refString="Allen, J. A. 1902. Mammal names proposed by Oken in his " Lehrbuch der Zoologie ". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 16: 373 - 379." year="1902">Allen, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, remains uncertain;
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<bibRefCitation author="Scheffer, V. B." box="[1489,1746,2286,2326]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" refId="ref319128" refString="Scheffer, V. B. 1958. Seals, sea lions, and walruses, a review of the Pinnipedia. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, 179 pp." year="1958">Scheffer (1958)</bibRefCitation>
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placed in
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<taxonomicName authority="Pallas, 1811" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1811" box="[441,758,2329,2368]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="largha">
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<emphasis box="[441,540,2329,2368]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">largha</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Pallas, P. S." box="[555,758,2329,2368]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" refId="ref271664" refString="Pallas, P. S. 1811 [1831]. Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica, sistens omnium Animalium in extenso Imperio Rossico et adjacentibus maribus observatorum recensionem, domicillia, mores et descriptiones, anatomen atque icones plurimorum. [ICZN Opinion 212 -- dates of volumes: 1 & 2: 1811; 3: 1814]. Petropoli, in officina Caes. acadamiae scientiarum. 3 vol. [official date of publ for vol 1 - 1811 impress], 1: 1 - 568." year="1811">Pallas, 1811</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; J. E. King (1983) placed in
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<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1239,1640,2329,2368]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vitulina">
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<emphasis box="[1239,1365,2329,2368]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">vitulina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Linnaeus, C." box="[1380,1640,2329,2368]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" refId="ref213949" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp." year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; and
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<bibRefCitation author="Shaughnessy, P. D. & F. H. Fay" box="[394,882,2370,2409]" pageId="53" pageNumber="332" refId="ref324823" refString="Shaughnessy, P. D., and F. H. Fay. 1977. A review of the taxonomy and nomenclature of north Pacific harbour seals. Journal of Zoology, London, 182: 385 - 419." year="1977">Shaughnessy and Fay (1977)</bibRefCitation>
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suggested
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<emphasis box="[1079,1304,2370,2409]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="332">incertae sedis.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |