176 lines
20 KiB
XML
176 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="EFA57D64EA5C9564E633C2A401A0C620" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4508192" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4508192" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612543036170" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Grootaert, Patrick & Yang, Ding" docDate="2009" docId="361887C0FFE47E3A47BF990952190C9A" docLanguage="en" docName="RafflesBZool.57.1.17-24.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C6443723295B2E4C6F22B9B23F08089C.5:RafflesBZool.2006-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="C6443723295B2E4C6F22B9B23F08089C" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2006-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Syndyas aterrima de Meijere 1913" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="CA21FFB8FFE57E38441D9B14511B0E09" masterDocTitle="A New Syndyas Loew, 1857 (Diptera: Hybotidae: Hybotinae) From Mangroves In Singapore, With A Review Of The Oriental And Australasian Species" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1698867548066" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="1D3F9169B8BCF6F603C2D468896A3628">A New Syndyas Loew, 1857 (Diptera: Hybotidae: Hybotinae) From Mangroves In Singapore, With A Review Of The Oriental And Australasian Species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="049AB8A97EBBE31CDA42F01B2824B201">Grootaert, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="F1D4F5AD6B5936602C47C59D64558546" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CA8B15E9AE87592E1A45CD1907AB4311">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1F1D3D72091A9596FEBF3B4EEF3AF401">Yang, Ding</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="21B7D44C16D098154926BA030965D717">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5F880B3893BE482FABC04B6F4148EC92">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="B5464B4A15588EB9BC6CCE264B702B69">
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<mods:date id="03F9C4DB5B8507740224EBD6335F057C">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3E0FA3600F06B76F61732D300AEEB017">2009-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="80FCAE5CCDDC90E4EDA1723173AF7A5C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4823DFE1112EFAA057EA1D57A96E1534">57</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C6A3AEC5E024E4EB4E964C2BEEBFCC5D">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="943A783AD6796A9A7661D385F6453F0E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B6015087DC0D2A403BC84728E9A9E205" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4508192</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3FCD13EBD2933212F2E78A14706BC331" type="ISSN">2345-7600</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AF35A461B210EC7F83261F44AA680550" type="Zenodo-Dep">4508192</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="361887C0FFE47E3A47BF990952190C9A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361887C0FFE47E3A47BF990952190C9A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/361887C0FFE47E3A47BF990952190C9A" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="F6AB655DFFE47E3947BF990954360C3C" box="[930,1325,541,565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE47E3947BF990954360C3C" blockId="1.[930,1325,541,596]" box="[930,1325,541,565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="E54681BAFFE47E3947BF990954360C3C" bold="true" box="[930,1325,541,565]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="79B14D55FFE47E3947BF990954360C3C" ID-CoL="53VKW" authority="de Meijere, 1913" authorityName="de Meijere" authorityYear="1913" box="[930,1325,541,565]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syndyas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aterrima">
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<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE47E3947BF990954360C3C" bold="true" box="[930,1325,541,565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE47E3947BF9909557F0C3C" bold="true" box="[930,1124,541,565]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Syndyas aterrima</emphasis>
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de Meijere, 1913
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6AB655DFFE47E39400B992955A10C5D" box="[1046,1210,573,596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE47E39400B992955A10C5D" blockId="1.[930,1325,541,596]" box="[1046,1210,573,596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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(
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<figureCitation id="268A2A53FFE47E394003992955700C5D" box="[1054,1131,573,596]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[132,177,2060,2081]" captionTargetBox="[133,1452,1495,2033]" captionTargetId="figure-8@2.[123,1474,1490,2047]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4: Syndyas wings: 1, S. singaporensis, new species; 2, S. brevior de Meijere; 3, S. aterrima de Meijere; 4, S. elongata de Meijere." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4508194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4508194/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="268A2A53FFE47E394064992955930C5D" box="[1145,1160,573,596]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="3.[109,153,2059,2080]" captionTargetBox="[112,1448,1247,2031]" captionTargetId="figure-9@3.[109,1460,1235,2043]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Syndyas fore tibia posteriorly: 5, S. singaporensis, new species; 6, S. aterrima de Meijere; 7, S. elongata de Meijere; 8, S. brevior de Meijere." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4508196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4508196/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="268A2A53FFE47E39408B992955AA0C5D" box="[1174,1201,573,596]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[134,178,2062,2083]" captionTargetBox="[132,1453,714,2036]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[132,1473,714,2040]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Syndyas hind leg: 9, S. singaporensis new species; 10, S. brevior de Meijere; 11, S. aterrima de Meijere; 12, S. elongata de Meijere." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4508200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4508200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">11</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6AB655DFFE47E39473A996854520C98" box="[807,1353,636,657]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE47E39473A996854520C98" blockId="1.[807,1353,636,657]" box="[807,1353,636,657]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="79B14D55FFE47E39473A996855B20C98" ID-CoL="53VKW" authority="de Meijere, 1913: 53" authorityName="de Meijere" authorityPageNumber="53" authorityYear="1913" box="[807,1193,636,657]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syndyas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aterrima">
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<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE47E39473A996852C90C98" box="[807,978,636,657]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Syndyas aterrima</emphasis>
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de Meijere, 1913: 53
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<figureCitation id="268A2A53FFE47E3940A8996855E10C98" box="[1205,1274,636,657]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[134,178,2062,2083]" captionTargetBox="[132,1453,714,2036]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[132,1473,714,2040]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Syndyas hind leg: 9, S. singaporensis new species; 10, S. brevior de Meijere; 11, S. aterrima de Meijere; 12, S. elongata de Meijere." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4508200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4508200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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(wing).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6AB655DFFE47E39473A99A155070D53" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE47E39473A99A155070D53" blockId="1.[807,1449,693,858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE47E39473A99A1551E0CC3" bold="true" box="[807,1029,693,714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE47E39473A99A152EB0CC3" bold="true" box="[807,1008,693,714]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Material examined.</emphasis>
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–
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="610A8874FFE47E39401399A155720CC3" box="[1038,1129,693,714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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female,
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<collectingCountry id="C6A67646FFE47E3940D899A154570CC3" box="[1221,1356,693,714]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
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, [Ceram, 25.II] [Mevr. De Beaufort leg. 1910] [
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<taxonomicName id="79B14D55FFE47E3940B199C654400CEE" authorityName="de Meijere" authorityYear="1913" box="[1196,1371,722,743]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syndyas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aterrima">Syndyas aterrima</taxonomicName>
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det. de Meijere Type] Red label [
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<taxonomicName id="79B14D55FFE47E39402A99FB52750D28" authority="de Meijere, 1913 ZMAN" authorityName="de Meijere" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syndyas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aterrima">Syndyas aterrima de Meijere, 1913 ZMAN</taxonomicName>
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type
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<collectionCode id="D8A0AE13FFE47E3947B8981852C40D28" box="[933,991,780,801]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">DIPT</collectionCode>
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.0473.1]. Female on pin, in bad condition: head missing, wings missing on thorax, but mid leg and one wing in a dry slide attached to pin.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6AB655DFFE47E39473A989752880DF3" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE47E39473A989752880DF3" blockId="1.[807,1448,899,1018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE47E39473A989752AD0D92" bold="true" box="[807,950,899,923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE47E39473A989752850D92" bold="true" box="[807,926,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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–
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</emphasis>
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Species with a brownish wing with a large brown stigma. Vein R
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<subScript id="22353493FFE47E39401298A4553C0DB7" attach="left" box="[1039,1063,944,958]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">4+5</subScript>
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and M straight. Hind femur spindleshaped with a ventral row of interspaced bristles that are not spiny.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6AB655DFFE47E3A473A9F37537F0F5A" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE47E39473A9F37549E0A33" blockId="1.[807,1413,1059,1083]" box="[807,1413,1059,1083]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE47E39473A9F3752C00A32" bold="true" box="[807,987,1059,1083]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE47E39473A9F3752DE0A32" bold="true" box="[807,965,1059,1083]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Redescription.</emphasis>
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–
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</emphasis>
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Female: length:
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<quantity id="79499B33FFE47E3940889F3755C30A33" box="[1173,1240,1059,1082]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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; wing:
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<quantity id="79499B33FFE47E3941379F37549A0A33" box="[1322,1409,1059,1082]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE47E39473A9F7754150B13" blockId="1.[807,1448,1123,1306]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Head (missing, description after de Meijere, 1913) Ocellar tubercle with 2 short black bristles. Eyes touching on frons, face very narrow, linear. Antenna black, medium-sized; third segment elongate oval, with a black, somewhat subdorsal arista that is much longer than the three antennal segments combined. Proboscis and palp shining black.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE47E39473A9E5754090813" blockId="1.[807,1449,1347,1562]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Thorax shining black, with a green metallic tinge when seen from behind. Hairs and bristles darkened but with a pale tinge. Posterior part of mesonotum covered with a brown dusting. Pleura also brown dusted. Dorsocentrals not distinct from other pilosity. Scutellum with a pair of black apical bristles and at least 4 black marginal hairs half as long as apicals, on the side (rubbed off on one side).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE47E39473A9D5755AD09B3" blockId="1.[807,1449,1603,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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Legs shining black. Fore femur without ventral bristles. Fore tibia spindle-shaped (
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<figureCitation id="268A2A53FFE47E3940089D7755410873" box="[1045,1114,1635,1658]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="3.[109,153,2059,2080]" captionTargetBox="[112,1448,1247,2031]" captionTargetId="figure-9@3.[109,1460,1235,2043]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Syndyas fore tibia posteriorly: 5, S. singaporensis, new species; 6, S. aterrima de Meijere; 7, S. elongata de Meijere; 8, S. brevior de Meijere." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4508196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4508196/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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), much swollen at basal third (opening of tibial gland not on a tubercle); a double row of long pale posteroventral bristles, twice as long as tibia is wide. The rows continue on the first tarsomere. Hind femur (
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<figureCitation id="268A2A53FFE47E3941609DD7525908F3" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[134,178,2062,2083]" captionTargetBox="[132,1453,714,2036]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[132,1473,714,2040]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Syndyas hind leg: 9, S. singaporensis new species; 10, S. brevior de Meijere; 11, S. aterrima de Meijere; 12, S. elongata de Meijere." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4508200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4508200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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) slender in basal half, thickened in apical half, ventrally with a row of black interspaced bristly hairs, in basal half the bristles are a little longer than femur is wide; in apical half the bristles are a little shorter than femur is wide. A few long pale dorsal hairs near base. Hind tibia thickened on apical third. First tarsomere on hind leg swollen, shorter than apical four tarsomeres together.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE47E39473A9CF754B30633" blockId="1.[807,1448,2019,2106]" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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Wing (
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<figureCitation id="268A2A53FFE47E3947619CF752DD09F3" box="[892,966,2019,2042]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[132,177,2060,2081]" captionTargetBox="[133,1452,1495,2033]" captionTargetId="figure-8@2.[123,1474,1490,2047]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4: Syndyas wings: 1, S. singaporensis, new species; 2, S. brevior de Meijere; 3, S. aterrima de Meijere; 4, S. elongata de Meijere." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4508194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4508194/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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) brownish, a large stigma present (see discussion). Discal cell longer than basal cells, elongate rectangular, nearly 3 times as long as vein closing the discal
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE77E3A44999BA8504C0EFA" blockId="2.[132,771,188,243]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
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cell (dm-cu). Vein R
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<subScript id="22353493FFE77E3A45769BDC50980EDF" attach="left" box="[363,387,200,214]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">3+4</subScript>
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and M straight, ending parallel in costa. Halter black.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE77E3A44999A08537F0F5A" blockId="2.[132,771,284,339]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Abdomen shining black, with paler hairs than on mesonotum, from some point of view appearing whitish.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6AB655DFFE77E3A44999A6852190C9A" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE77E3A44999A68535D0FFA" blockId="2.[132,771,380,502]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE77E3A44999A68500D0F9D" bold="true" box="[132,278,380,404]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE77E3A44999A6851E40F9D" bold="true" box="[132,255,380,404]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Comments.</emphasis>
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–
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</emphasis>
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As can be seen on
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<figureCitation id="268A2A53FFE77E3A45E99A68532F0F9A" box="[500,564,380,403]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[132,177,2060,2081]" captionTargetBox="[133,1452,1495,2033]" captionTargetId="figure-8@2.[123,1474,1490,2047]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4: Syndyas wings: 1, S. singaporensis, new species; 2, S. brevior de Meijere; 3, S. aterrima de Meijere; 4, S. elongata de Meijere." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4508194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4508194/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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||
the stigma is very large, but it is not clear if the area before the tip of R
|
||
<subScript id="22353493FFE77E3A46C29ABC53FC0FBF" attach="left" box="[735,743,424,438]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">1</subScript>
|
||
is also darkened. De Meijere (1913) indicates only a long oval stigma on his figure between R
|
||
<subScript id="22353493FFE77E3A45C49AFC50FA0FFF" attach="left" box="[473,481,488,502]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">1</subScript>
|
||
and R
|
||
<subScript id="22353493FFE77E3A463A9AFC53240FFF" attach="left" box="[551,575,488,502]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">2+3</subScript>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0E36D6FFE77E3A4499990852190C9A" blockId="2.[132,771,540,659]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED93C8BFFE77E3A4499990853E00C9A" country="Philippines" location="Frey" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<location id="BB6E600DFFE77E3A4499990851AD0C3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361887C0FFE47E3A47BF990952190C9A:BB6E600DFFE77E3A4499990851AD0C3A" box="[132,182,540,563]" country="Philippines" name="Frey" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Frey</location>
|
||
(1938) reports this species from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6A67646FFE77E3A4678990853FA0C3A" box="[613,737,540,563]" name="Philippines" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="A8B7FD5FFFE77E3A46E8990851CC0C5A" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
||
from Luzon and a male and female from Mindoro). These specimens should be re-examined to see if they are really conspecific with the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="610A8874FFE77E3A45E0996853410C9A" box="[509,602,636,659]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B14D55FFE77E3A469C996853E00C9A" authorityName="de Meijere" authorityYear="1913" box="[641,763,636,659]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syndyas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aterrima">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CC5EAC4FFE77E3A469C996853E00C9A" box="[641,763,636,659]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">S. aterrima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |