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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-228-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="576A4D0BFA9A5B62B60571F9F54D9E9F" ModsDocID="1314-2003-228-1" checkinTime="1687555800880" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liu, Bing" docDate="2023" docId="1CD231CEB0325419BAB58A1D2DBBE385" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 228: 1-118" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 228" docPubDate="2023-06-23" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080" docTitle="Ulnaria hupingensis Bing Liu 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="576A4D0BFA9A5B62B60571F9F54D9E9F" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="576A4D0BFA9A5B62B60571F9F54D9E9F" masterDocTitle="The diatom genus Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) in China" masterLastPageNumber="118" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1687555800880" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods id="5204C4AEE5FA00D0E30F53487B180622" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="2B726EFEFE5FA42EF5E417775C9A7AF0">The diatom genus Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) in China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="164E6798CBD5DF0839D65233B26EC3FA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="64862486EE157B6E737181F695F3AEE2">Liu, Bing</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5B5D3187A6C2A161C6A81304EBB5925C" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-325X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B909A0ABB59D650B1A7052B4CC8B27DD">College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="DEB8B341B79DDF0DAB20607E8F90A6F0">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C3775B6AC6EC8EDD2846A6B6BBF61B04">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6F185B41E4F6E3B1DC9E0C6AF580C1AE">2023-06-23</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="CA69E3E95FFC0C03CB3B8A23DF2856DB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D3EDE434F0C9F13B377B4CEDAE50997F" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1CD231CEB0325419BAB58A1D2DBBE385" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1CD231CEB0325419BAB58A1D2DBBE385" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1CD231CEB0325419BAB58A1D2DBBE385" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="AFD78C5FCBE0564B55DF2E9212E7C934" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="487E56D952E29BA8B6DED2BBED90BD35" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="C1432712478337E66BA70DD915460DE1" LSID="1CD231CE-B032-5419-BAB5-8A1D2DBBE385" authority="Bing Liu" authorityName="Bing Liu" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ulnariaceae" genus="Ulnaria" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ulnaria hupingensis" order="Licmophorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="hupingensis" status="sp. nov.">Ulnaria hupingensis Bing Liu</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="20A09476D599DCF38B39FE289F327282" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9A2BDD9D13300CDBC894F89B6074905" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="2DF4B7946D37B13BB5A5E3344B23D88A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="AD7ECDD798404C36CC5B3F2E107E19DD" captionStart="Figure 67" captionStartId="F67" captionText="Figure 67. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., x 630, LM A-C living cells in girdle view, note numerous irregular chromatophores D, E two living cells in valve view, note numerous discoid chromatophores. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867655" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 67</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DE49245BC7F289837F1DEAAA6F269406" captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., x 630, LM. A a frustule in girdle view B-M twelve valves exhibiting a size diminution series, note the lanceolate valve outline and completely absent central area B micrograph of holotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 68</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="7619E591A28B78394FE656149E1A4AAB" captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A a frustule in girdle view B-E details from A, note three copulae (labelled B 1 to B 3) associated with the epivalve F apical detail from E, showing two horn-like projections (two arrows respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 69</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="E53617CC35C8034C5818CF9F6B5C6235" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a valve with valvocopula B middle detail from A, note the row of poroids interrupted in the middle (two arrows) C, E two poles from A. D Apical detail from C, note two rimoportulae at one apex (two arrows) F apical detail from E, note one rimoportula at one apex. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 70</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9DDEE6AAF22E08A7B0D45F47E82C214D" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., external view, SEM A a complete valve B middle part detail from A, note central area complete absent C, D two apical details from A, showing two horn-like projections protruding over the oceullulimbus (two arrows, respectively) E, F two other apical details showing two horn-like projections protruding over the ocellulimbus (two arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 1 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867659" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 71</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="983149F85007BC8A2DD79FC75C473FED" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a complete valve B, C middle part details from A, note central area is completely absent D-F apical details from A. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867660" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 72</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C4D3D626350DAC96F190192E8C321C11" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="holotype">
<paragraph id="D959AB596C0847B1C28318D535E7B0BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8D954F58A5D9990A3A410D92F195494E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Slide JIUDIA202312, specimen circled on slide, illustrated as Fig.
<figureCitation id="5546BDEA29C095DBDE9CA251F6467044" captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., x 630, LM. A a frustule in girdle view B-M twelve valves exhibiting a size diminution series, note the lanceolate valve outline and completely absent central area B micrograph of holotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">68B</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDD9226C90D6F6D3F5CF2C839C9D8623" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="registration">
<paragraph id="1C287CA6A6F917286EC2870FDBFCC1FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Registration.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8273EA2AD1C1BCBD86B31DA468C81ABF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">PhycoBank http://phycobank.org/103818.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0AF46CC92C25FDF8EDCCBFA28C9ABD51" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="1FDDCDE6DBE0B30E0C8ECCFA4B8C4142" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D8BADB303E001FAB41372BAEBFCC280" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
China. Hunan province: Huping Mountain National Nature Reserve, Xie River, a sampling location (
<geoCoordinate id="FB2F60081E403C53D291F09CB033AD98" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="1" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="9" value="30.019167">30°1'9&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5137E29A29A546834184545B00243135" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="110.62945">110°37'46&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 400 m a.s.l.), collected by Bing Liu, March 14, 2021.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="82EC1C8F6E15400D05149079A57985DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="5029EE72CDABC7D04626C1013FA02176" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C66E0A4DFBE13F0F4462DBDA7FA5DE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="FA5658FF7BE57471FBB78AEB5FBF5F11" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">LM</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="D496C453E77EE62ABA68A734844AFE2F" captionStart="Figure 67" captionStartId="F67" captionText="Figure 67. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., x 630, LM A-C living cells in girdle view, note numerous irregular chromatophores D, E two living cells in valve view, note numerous discoid chromatophores. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867655" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">67</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7CCF870C15D33DA65317BD626A5723F6" captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., x 630, LM. A a frustule in girdle view B-M twelve valves exhibiting a size diminution series, note the lanceolate valve outline and completely absent central area B micrograph of holotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">68</figureCitation>
). Living cells with numerous discoid chromatophores (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7DC57CC8FAFC05D9C7F39642B93EF9FC" captionStart="Figure 67" captionStartId="F67" captionText="Figure 67. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., x 630, LM A-C living cells in girdle view, note numerous irregular chromatophores D, E two living cells in valve view, note numerous discoid chromatophores. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867655" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">67A-E</figureCitation>
, note that these cells may be in an unhealthy condition). Frustule in girdle view rectangular (Figs
<figureCitation id="88FA374DD07DDA5F7F0EEA18D32F98F4" captionStart="Figure 67" captionStartId="F67" captionText="Figure 67. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., x 630, LM A-C living cells in girdle view, note numerous irregular chromatophores D, E two living cells in valve view, note numerous discoid chromatophores. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867655" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">67A-C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CE769F39F5A7DECD20B7E2099D2FFEF8" captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., x 630, LM. A a frustule in girdle view B-M twelve valves exhibiting a size diminution series, note the lanceolate valve outline and completely absent central area B micrograph of holotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">68A</figureCitation>
, see also Fig.
<figureCitation id="0F3C9E37A72172E87E7BD13C036CF287" captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A a frustule in girdle view B-E details from A, note three copulae (labelled B 1 to B 3) associated with the epivalve F apical detail from E, showing two horn-like projections (two arrows respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">69A</figureCitation>
). Valves lanceolate with protracted, rostrate to sub-capitate poles (Figs
<figureCitation id="5D13DC5916906F95EEABD6FB7AC2C7E1" captionStart="Figure 67" captionStartId="F67" captionText="Figure 67. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., x 630, LM A-C living cells in girdle view, note numerous irregular chromatophores D, E two living cells in valve view, note numerous discoid chromatophores. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867655" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">67D, E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B80C9D2D3519750AA1FD7503FC5D40F1" captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., x 630, LM. A a frustule in girdle view B-M twelve valves exhibiting a size diminution series, note the lanceolate valve outline and completely absent central area B micrograph of holotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">68B-M</figureCitation>
, see also Figs
<figureCitation id="968C104C59C18C26D910A077F289CD37" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a valve with valvocopula B middle detail from A, note the row of poroids interrupted in the middle (two arrows) C, E two poles from A. D Apical detail from C, note two rimoportulae at one apex (two arrows) F apical detail from E, note one rimoportula at one apex. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="88B958714AECFE0C07F077169024E47D" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., external view, SEM A a complete valve B middle part detail from A, note central area complete absent C, D two apical details from A, showing two horn-like projections protruding over the oceullulimbus (two arrows, respectively) E, F two other apical details showing two horn-like projections protruding over the ocellulimbus (two arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 1 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867659" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="948323691888CE4CE5E58D9E16451448" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a complete valve B, C middle part details from A, note central area is completely absent D-F apical details from A. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867660" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72A</figureCitation>
). Valve dimensions (n = 59): length 81-200
<normalizedToken id="F30AE7A1BE7C8BD87C2645F9114B54FE" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, width 5.4-7.0
<normalizedToken id="6810CEC8DDCCB21F46CD9A94BFEEDA1B" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
at centre. Sternum distinct, extending length of the valve. Central area completely absent. Striae parallel, radiate only approaching each apex, and mostly opposite one another across sternum. Stria density 9.5-11.5 (often 11) in 10
<normalizedToken id="56817C86CDEB657671181C7B61822A2F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="19FDE9369DF2D178E62683A516892AE2" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867655" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 67" startId="F67">
<paragraph id="9BBFEC5BA28DB53F2023BF8E9E069D39" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="CC1633556840884BCED60BD949A445C9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 67.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1C8A31810927665C87FC4A9AAE15264D" authorityName="Bing Liu" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ulnariaceae" genus="Ulnaria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ulnaria hupingensis" order="Licmophorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="hupingensis">
<emphasis id="5F97F297005B36E1A5C3E298E3C79C87" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ulnaria hupingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.,
<normalizedToken id="433E5A4AD0ECA3FB66E2A761A0914E7E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
630, LM
<emphasis id="577A41F473CE8519FC11A7611C346DFC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
living cells in girdle view, note numerous irregular chromatophores
<emphasis id="08542A695C1E8A882D3D79E7C104950E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
two living cells in valve view, note numerous discoid chromatophores. Scale bar: 20
<normalizedToken id="61BA7ABD4CD8D7519045D724C8F6D03B" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="CEB93AC0D2923E8E0CB251DB616C5623" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 68" startId="F68">
<paragraph id="4213F1002C826AD3AA2EA4B7745E6294" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B276D08938B97F2B10DBF4A8ED44694B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 68.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="396A33178143CF738C9EC8C2F2DB0DEF" authorityName="Bing Liu" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ulnariaceae" genus="Ulnaria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ulnaria hupingensis" order="Licmophorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="hupingensis">
<emphasis id="0E265CBEC192978EEDA70D7DF7F4D336" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ulnaria hupingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.,
<normalizedToken id="C34D2C0F025EE00FE1AB79B793237FBE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
630, LM.
<emphasis id="7ADF59DDEB9128BAC6D69819A7D9B0D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
a frustule in girdle view
<emphasis id="72619C89F05F7E6FA5E574304311DBD3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-M</emphasis>
twelve valves exhibiting a size diminution series, note the lanceolate valve outline and completely absent central area
<emphasis id="9D89A53DBA2211A03F847EC8614BC9D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
micrograph of holotype specimen. Scale bar: 20
<normalizedToken id="95E657F6A5D551FFCFC748D45E10A47C" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E02682AC083E4CAA4BB8AF76FE7316AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="36E4AF9D1A16A5AFBD1772933996DEC5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">SEM</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="7032892E3046D97C65EEE71C83B5AB5F" captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A a frustule in girdle view B-E details from A, note three copulae (labelled B 1 to B 3) associated with the epivalve F apical detail from E, showing two horn-like projections (two arrows respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">69</figureCitation>
-
<figureCitation id="3A08A91004B42740DC3D57E272F04D61" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a complete valve B, C middle part details from A, note central area is completely absent D-F apical details from A. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867660" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72</figureCitation>
). Frustule comprising several girdle bands (Fig.
<figureCitation id="84D30617460C5E429338AC48C321AE2D" captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A a frustule in girdle view B-E details from A, note three copulae (labelled B 1 to B 3) associated with the epivalve F apical detail from E, showing two horn-like projections (two arrows respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">69A-F</figureCitation>
). Epivalve associated with valvocopula and two copulae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0121246579DCFBAEE9F7B6576EF54C07" captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A a frustule in girdle view B-E details from A, note three copulae (labelled B 1 to B 3) associated with the epivalve F apical detail from E, showing two horn-like projections (two arrows respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">69D</figureCitation>
, labelled B1 to B3, B1 = Valvocopula); number of copulae associated with hypovalve not verified. Valvocopula a closed hoop, same shape as valve outline, closely attached to mantle interior, surrounding valve margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8FC632DB37D34A270925A29D73BF9E3C" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a valve with valvocopula B middle detail from A, note the row of poroids interrupted in the middle (two arrows) C, E two poles from A. D Apical detail from C, note two rimoportulae at one apex (two arrows) F apical detail from E, note one rimoportula at one apex. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70A</figureCitation>
), bearing a mostly continuous row of poroids dividing pars interior from pars exterior, located at midline (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6B434E6EE8DC5638604645EDBF8F40A3" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a valve with valvocopula B middle detail from A, note the row of poroids interrupted in the middle (two arrows) C, E two poles from A. D Apical detail from C, note two rimoportulae at one apex (two arrows) F apical detail from E, note one rimoportula at one apex. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70B-F</figureCitation>
), poroids lacking at centre of the valve (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0133EA71F5539B56D3577889D9A514F1" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a valve with valvocopula B middle detail from A, note the row of poroids interrupted in the middle (two arrows) C, E two poles from A. D Apical detail from C, note two rimoportulae at one apex (two arrows) F apical detail from E, note one rimoportula at one apex. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70B</figureCitation>
, two arrows). On its advalvar edge, valvocopula bears a row of serrated projections, each corresponding to a virga internally (Fig.
<figureCitation id="907519A7D35353430699ED318455C74E" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a valve with valvocopula B middle detail from A, note the row of poroids interrupted in the middle (two arrows) C, E two poles from A. D Apical detail from C, note two rimoportulae at one apex (two arrows) F apical detail from E, note one rimoportula at one apex. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70C, E</figureCitation>
, three arrows, respectively). Valvocopula lacking ornamentation at both poles (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C4F6630FC470F2EB5E9395AB99CB98F5" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a valve with valvocopula B middle detail from A, note the row of poroids interrupted in the middle (two arrows) C, E two poles from A. D Apical detail from C, note two rimoportulae at one apex (two arrows) F apical detail from E, note one rimoportula at one apex. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70D, F</figureCitation>
). Valve face and mantle intersecting almost at right angle (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F66664CCF847E91D3AA671C96F4230CD" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., external view, SEM A a complete valve B middle part detail from A, note central area complete absent C, D two apical details from A, showing two horn-like projections protruding over the oceullulimbus (two arrows, respectively) E, F two other apical details showing two horn-like projections protruding over the ocellulimbus (two arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 1 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867659" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71A, B</figureCitation>
). Valve characterized by a series of relatively wide virgae, interconnected with vimines and closing plates affixed with few struts to the areola wall (Fig.
<figureCitation id="632CC6AB37BC24B3A8BC99001CA17733" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., external view, SEM A a complete valve B middle part detail from A, note central area complete absent C, D two apical details from A, showing two horn-like projections protruding over the oceullulimbus (two arrows, respectively) E, F two other apical details showing two horn-like projections protruding over the ocellulimbus (two arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 1 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867659" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71B</figureCitation>
). Striae uniseriate (Figs
<figureCitation id="BD64E50832DA410650E86A0520942F7F" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., external view, SEM A a complete valve B middle part detail from A, note central area complete absent C, D two apical details from A, showing two horn-like projections protruding over the oceullulimbus (two arrows, respectively) E, F two other apical details showing two horn-like projections protruding over the ocellulimbus (two arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 1 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867659" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A3CA2C2F099C78C5A00E0F15FB8316E9" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a complete valve B, C middle part details from A, note central area is completely absent D-F apical details from A. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867660" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B-E</figureCitation>
), continuing onto mantle (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2CCC536AAE22A88F48DAF0DD8615CDD7" captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A a frustule in girdle view B-E details from A, note three copulae (labelled B 1 to B 3) associated with the epivalve F apical detail from E, showing two horn-like projections (two arrows respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">69B-F</figureCitation>
). Ocellulimbus composed of ca. 19 pervalvar and 11 transverse rows of porelli. Two horn-like projections protruding over the ocellulimbus (Figs
<figureCitation id="7E3186634D11BBE40AA2451CFA12B5CC" captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A a frustule in girdle view B-E details from A, note three copulae (labelled B 1 to B 3) associated with the epivalve F apical detail from E, showing two horn-like projections (two arrows respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">69F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="88081286FF25D84B4DFDA171DECC3B69" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., external view, SEM A a complete valve B middle part detail from A, note central area complete absent C, D two apical details from A, showing two horn-like projections protruding over the oceullulimbus (two arrows, respectively) E, F two other apical details showing two horn-like projections protruding over the ocellulimbus (two arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 1 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867659" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71C-F</figureCitation>
, two arrows, respectively). Internally, virgae transversely extending from sternum to mantle, striae situated almost opposite each other across sternum, areolae become more elongated closer to the mantle (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5DCF5D87A52B7BC18F2D5E044C78B946" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a complete valve B, C middle part details from A, note central area is completely absent D-F apical details from A. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867660" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B-E</figureCitation>
). Central area completely lacking (Figs
<figureCitation id="550AC148F5FA8CD8BE9B9EEB440B3D93" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., external view, SEM A a complete valve B middle part detail from A, note central area complete absent C, D two apical details from A, showing two horn-like projections protruding over the oceullulimbus (two arrows, respectively) E, F two other apical details showing two horn-like projections protruding over the ocellulimbus (two arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 1 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867659" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71A, B</figureCitation>
, external, 72A, B, internal). One rimoportula usually present at each pole, occasionally two produced at one end (Figs
<figureCitation id="04B768A574140C0CB80E0E7A2B8901C2" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a valve with valvocopula B middle detail from A, note the row of poroids interrupted in the middle (two arrows) C, E two poles from A. D Apical detail from C, note two rimoportulae at one apex (two arrows) F apical detail from E, note one rimoportula at one apex. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70D</figureCitation>
, two arrows, 71D). External opening of rimoportula expresses as a simple hole, forming different shapes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7D4F7003370AAF3BB156ADE6D8E550B0" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., external view, SEM A a complete valve B middle part detail from A, note central area complete absent C, D two apical details from A, showing two horn-like projections protruding over the oceullulimbus (two arrows, respectively) E, F two other apical details showing two horn-like projections protruding over the ocellulimbus (two arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 1 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867659" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71C-F</figureCitation>
); internally bilabiate, situated close to sternum at an angle (Fig.
<figureCitation id="954D5B9432CC31530997A4E5F7CAED0B" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Ulnaria hupingensis sp. nov., internal view, SEM A a complete valve B, C middle part details from A, note central area is completely absent D-F apical details from A. Scale bars: 20 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867660" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72D-F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="8BE67EB262808EC484A142516C5AF4C7" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 69" startId="F69">
<paragraph id="F2656CAEED7E898B3272A43B0106C6E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="BEF1DB5527C2C4F5B1E9B44E3FF17189" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 69.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AD418FBEAF402E175B4558C6A1A3A206" authorityName="Bing Liu" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ulnariaceae" genus="Ulnaria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ulnaria hupingensis" order="Licmophorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="hupingensis">
<emphasis id="B179E54EC88933AF2E5B6953A2C515FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ulnaria hupingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., girdle view, SEM
<emphasis id="33A34670DC490626943A60FFA883BE9C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
a frustule in girdle view
<emphasis id="5C9551F4A67B9B68FEF1045D25236DA9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-E</emphasis>
details from
<emphasis id="3B8759F72E742AA834B07BBBE5C5B7F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
, note three copulae (labelled B1 to B3) associated with the epivalve
<emphasis id="6CAB91ADB5092D990D579E0A8E61C2F2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
apical detail from
<emphasis id="8D6E76C31252CE7C10FEFB9D0E944D2C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
, showing two horn-like projections (two arrows respectively). Scale bars: 20
<normalizedToken id="51260A67BFCDCA5043728B2C8F2AB663" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="B05DC6B9EBCF4E7E91D5FBD9CC46C94D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 2
<normalizedToken id="DCF5CF4B60B1920ED9C3C7EE99FB5EAF" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="AB0847D54068B0F847D5087022E26911" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="F7FDA66B74CDC34991CE29CE7298BDA1" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 70" startId="F70">
<paragraph id="99965C66DA4AC86993151F968540E847" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="FD0AF8E72B05400607679B3D59319467" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 70.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4B65EB68B5451100CCF86BDAA7CB212C" authorityName="Bing Liu" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ulnariaceae" genus="Ulnaria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ulnaria hupingensis" order="Licmophorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="hupingensis">
<emphasis id="77B5735F11A6C0CFAA193BB573A39732" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ulnaria hupingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., internal view, SEM
<emphasis id="BEA11DB8CDEAC3D52971D8F41305C578" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
a valve with valvocopula
<emphasis id="45E005CE4401EDC3F259B91EB3B8BB8F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
middle detail from
<emphasis id="DBA622BA112AE9C251CDDC7904299F6C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
, note the row of poroids interrupted in the middle (two arrows)
<emphasis id="B4D3365F47A53C231E494DB7E237351F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, E</emphasis>
two poles from
<emphasis id="EABE83F1C4F8683E1A59E8A92F901B94" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="0643A7DC95714BA3017605245D31FD47" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
Apical detail from
<emphasis id="4B52CDFA0E55A3D268EB1B075E0EC4FE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
, note two rimoportulae at one apex (two arrows)
<emphasis id="F4244A77EE4664E425181E398683489D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
apical detail from
<emphasis id="7F9018DC819E38ADDBA784CE30746134" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
, note one rimoportula at one apex. Scale bars: 20
<normalizedToken id="312696CB6140F07534FD6ADE0356835F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="722FEC0EFEBA173C2B8144CD563E54D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 2
<normalizedToken id="A9BC76E99FDBAA086315125B8E368DCB" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="6E4849550C876AD05B929A23B8D6CBDF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="24DB6BCB89B22905AB5B224833B13E7E" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867659" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 71" startId="F71">
<paragraph id="52A69FA6ABC09AA0D1B510CD8FBE48C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E79D411F1974CAECB1B4B0C5AF256F15" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 71.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C9C88A1B3D0DB9737E9684D7703F985F" authorityName="Bing Liu" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ulnariaceae" genus="Ulnaria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ulnaria hupingensis" order="Licmophorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="hupingensis">
<emphasis id="2222FDFEAEEDFFA88B77CDBCA2023130" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ulnaria hupingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., external view, SEM
<emphasis id="2C27C83CE8A2A32CE895552A3DF4CCA6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
a complete valve
<emphasis id="711BABB491DCCFC0EDB2DEE2A810DE86" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
middle part detail from
<emphasis id="02743B6099C0477CFDBB1ED3CEF728F1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
, note central area complete absent
<emphasis id="C73EDD49946600796D0CDA4A4A0D9C71" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
two apical details from
<emphasis id="17807EB5132F7779407F6D16048EAD7E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
, showing two horn-like projections protruding over the oceullulimbus (two arrows, respectively)
<emphasis id="30C45A88715790CE70138DCFB3CAC8E7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F</emphasis>
two other apical details showing two horn-like projections protruding over the ocellulimbus (two arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 20
<normalizedToken id="4FDEF080E8EC2A7866F54408A2AEF214" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="36DBF86492AEC56541A198F0C22EF315" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 1
<normalizedToken id="A39754EDFEEAC0BCC1BB6FF9E98F3A6C" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="2499C3716C5F60CB686CA423C53C8AB5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="94EF1470A7DD1C643E6DECFC147C72FD" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.228.101080.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/867660" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 72" startId="F72">
<paragraph id="1465E6B86E0F96479EB19E6676D6FC7C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="52597CBCD7F6CF84F7054851F95C32CE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 72.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5854958487315C4C3DE52A244D9862E2" authorityName="Bing Liu" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ulnariaceae" genus="Ulnaria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ulnaria hupingensis" order="Licmophorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="hupingensis">
<emphasis id="38A77FAD60CC95561D90173642626077" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ulnaria hupingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., internal view, SEM
<emphasis id="ED44D78EC2648FCD84E5341E79B3975D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
a complete valve
<emphasis id="7F403E980C79698C8A61B26CA108766A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
middle part details from
<emphasis id="8B4477F037443153927F2006CD908780" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
, note central area is completely absent
<emphasis id="BC09BCC3C04E5FCACBF519DA08242211" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
apical details from
<emphasis id="F94D7A2098D95D431A4C6C3E10ED32CC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
. Scale bars: 20
<normalizedToken id="06DE88ED84B325F171987D93099B7E65" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="6DC2EEF68642D6BFB54BA0518962AA42" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 2
<normalizedToken id="C696A87A634B40E23C0D98886D7F3BD1" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="A6E7A9E55CDCC317DAFD5292E346F4E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA3ED28A5AF617F1C4E32CE4B4A09B76" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="979550F7201FC744D12CB9676AB9189C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="344FB5727AE01F9F58FEC6CBB88F4504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Named after Huping Mountain National Nature Reserve, where the species was found.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07E039BB8D721270FD25C20E875F7958" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="E5EF546E982935014AB83CCCA21DAA16" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9ED81E360EAD89F07982D289CF0C4ED8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Epilithic in a mountain stream with oligotrophic waters. The following environmental parameters were measured in the field: Conductivity was 263
<normalizedToken id="E27AFEAEA23CB94341AF9797FBD4FBE0" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1
<normalizedToken id="21265BFD90107712C9AF2200B4ED0C76" originalValue="μS">μS</normalizedToken>
∙cm-1, pH was 8.4
<normalizedToken id="B1A3144C86BB9B9BEBC5ABCD3C33DB00" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1 and water temperature was 12.4
<normalizedToken id="9847D5A98DE3DB113F4D7C636D4F2B34" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.4 °C. So far, its distribution is known only from the type locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="736937FB7B24424CAE55C2A08CC6DBB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="5529F83218E7AEA09B78DFC7326BF0B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E08764F4FE77899A91E1E946C4C528D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="C0CBB5E497DC939DD304974E1C2CD1AD" authorityName="Bing Liu" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ulnariaceae" genus="Ulnaria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ulnaria hupingensis" order="Licmophorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="hupingensis">
<emphasis id="7AA8E79924C09F1215F8FD566C8B9E74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ulnaria hupingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by its lanceolate valve outline, lacking central area, and rostrate to sub-capitate apices. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="8DA5F72EC053C884A0E508F3B97A5DB3" lsidName="U. qinghainensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="qinghainensis">
<emphasis id="8565AE82849A1E3DA2EFFCF3B2EC1B09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">U. qinghainensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its wider valves (5.4-7.0
<normalizedToken id="68B217B99B545EC7FEA335FD3F6A797C" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
vs 3.1-5.0
<normalizedToken id="5B401B21381F816B1E1AC00063385603" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) and from
<taxonomicName id="0DC5A8D289D8B45D964E333B719A93D5" lsidName="U. obtusa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="obtusa">
<emphasis id="432BF4FE53C731E6CE989D9A86580F8E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">U. obtusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its much higher stria density (9.5-11.5 in 10
<normalizedToken id="A0454F71DF25C7DBAE1309563AA26AAA" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
vs 3-4 in 10
<normalizedToken id="EFD87D60800E72698014D32A03412B46" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) (see
<bibRefCitation id="FDC68FD5255DA17D22055D4BCBCFD013" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2021.004" author="Williams, DM" journalOrPublisher="Fottea, Olomouc" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="164 - 179" refId="B66" refString="Williams, DM, Van de Vijver, B, 2021. Studies on type material from Kuetzing's diatom collection III: Synedra splendens (Kuetz.) Kuetz., Synedra aequalis (Kuetz.) Kuetz. and a note on Synedra obtusa W. Sm. Fottea, Olomouc 21 (2): 164 - 179, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2021.004" title="Studies on type material from Kuetzing's diatom collection III: Synedra splendens (Kuetz.) Kuetz., Synedra aequalis (Kuetz.) Kuetz. and a note on Synedra obtusa W. Sm." url="https://doi.org/10.5507/fot.2021.004" volume="21" year="2021">Williams and Van de Vijver 2021</bibRefCitation>
, p. 175).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>