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<document id="00EBEA8D790D7CCB7DC671D983B37991" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2018.1437231" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5178489" ID-ZooBank="9FC2A016-1295-4047-877E-BC9030BD2BD2" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628626551251" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Santarém, Maria Clara Alves, Borkent, Art, Spinelli, Gustavo &amp; Felippe-Bauer, Maria Luiza" docDate="2018" docId="375B87BEFFDAA61B2792C85DFC87FCEE" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.52.9-10.509-540.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 52 (9 - 10)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2018.1437231" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Downeshelea litorale Santarém &amp; Borkent &amp; Spinelli &amp; Felippe-Bauer 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="9994CD3C-26C1-4C89-90C9-CD633A68A10E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="535" masterDocId="CB62FFC6FFC3A600264FCC1AFFB5FFA5" masterDocTitle="New Neotropical species of Downeshelea Wirth and Grogan and redescription of D. multilineata (Lutz) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)" masterLastPageNumber="540" masterPageNumber="509" pageNumber="533" updateTime="1699048774547" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="734209564D8E43A29A26D7082CEADF7F">
<mods:title id="486DA8B98AFA9D0390DAF0513A65D90E">New Neotropical species of Downeshelea Wirth and Grogan and redescription of D. multilineata (Lutz) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="76713FAA555496BA11A9E53B5F88D3E3">Santarém, Maria Clara Alves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9C337E12082B33829315D3D8E314DCF5">Borkent, Art</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="050E2DD58BF4202E1E90B1B280E34CEC">Spinelli, Gustavo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5F0ED63CC2125CEBA3F983F7460AD02C">Felippe-Bauer, Maria Luiza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="081AFECD3DBA1441BFDB83F54E4B25B3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F37DCABF1973DECAF0C7585A95144F83">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F28F4BC977601BA1BE2822C1E1C480EA">
<mods:date id="D2C01F6EFB68DD754EA03947396BD5DC">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="6AD407A982E377FBD27CE8578EBD8F0B" type="series">
<mods:title id="EC6AC2C378246259843656F7CF3B19E2">J. Nat. Hist.</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="4F88E9493D6CA86A21674038F36D8288">2018-03-07</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="FBBDC8222B93BB11B5D87459B4B2141E" type="volume">
<mods:number id="27397A5DF9EFEF33C06A6D3622A1CF07">52</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4FFA24B87FE40D9F436B5E3538A8C1C5">9 - 10</mods:number>
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<treatment id="375B87BEFFDAA61B2792C85DFC87FCEE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5189616" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5189616" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9994CD3C-26C1-4C89-90C9-CD633A68A10E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/375B87BEFFDAA61B2792C85DFC87FCEE" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">
<subSubSection id="F7E86523FFDAA6192792C85DFCF2FBC4" box="[477,839,1095,1121]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFDAA6192792C85DFCF2FBC4" blockId="25.[477,839,1095,1155]" box="[477,839,1095,1121]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">
<heading id="E40581C4FFDAA6192792C85DFCF2FBC4" box="[477,839,1095,1121]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="78F24D2BFFDAA6192792C85DFD54FBC5" authority="Santarém &amp; Borkent &amp; Spinelli &amp; Felippe-Bauer, 2018" authorityName="Santarém &amp; Borkent &amp; Spinelli &amp; Felippe-Bauer" authorityYear="2018" box="[477,737,1095,1120]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litorale" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFDAA6192792C85DFD54FBC5" bold="true" box="[477,737,1095,1120]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Downeshelea litorale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="96B557C1FFDAA61924A5C852FCF2FBC4" box="[746,839,1096,1121]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F7E86523FFDAA619244BC870FCAAFB26" box="[516,799,1130,1155]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" type="description">
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFDAA619244BC870FCAAFB26" blockId="25.[477,839,1095,1155]" box="[516,799,1130,1155]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">
(
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFDAA6192443C870FD11FB26" box="[524,676,1130,1155]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1579,1602]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,144,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[163,1152,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov. Male: (a) wing; (b) fore, mid, hind legs (left to right); (c) head, anterior view. Female: (d) wing; (e) head, anterior view; (f) fore, mid, hind, tarsomeres (bottom to top); (g) palpus; (h) apex of female abdomen, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178501/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Figures 6ah</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFDAA61924FCC870FD59FB26" box="[691,748,1130,1155]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="24.[160,225,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[198,1117,142,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-1@24.[198,1117,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 9. Downeshelea jarina sp. nov., (a) male terminalia with aedeagus; (b) parameres. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov., (c) male terminalia with aedeagus; (d) parameres. Downeshelea marambaia sp. nov., (e) male terminalia; (f) aedeagus; (g) parameres. Downeshelea moravia sp. nov., (h) male terminalia with aedeagus; (i) parameres." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178507/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">9cd</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFDAA61924B4C870FCADFB26" box="[763,792,1130,1155]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="25.[160,225,1002,1025]" captionTargetBox="[162,1153,142,971]" captionTargetId="figure-177@25.[162,1153,142,971]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 10. Geographic distribution of species in the Downeshelea multilineata species group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178509" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178509/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">10</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F7E86523FFDAA61926EFC884FBE2FB12" box="[160,1111,1182,1207]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFDAA61926EFC884FBE2FB12" blockId="25.[160,1111,1182,1207]" box="[160,1111,1182,1207]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9FE21186FFDAA61926EFC884FBE2FB12" box="[160,1111,1182,1207]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">
<treatmentCitation id="3E5310B9FFDAA61926EFC884FD7BFB12" author="Huerta H &amp; Ibanez-Bernal S &amp; Felippe-Bauer ML" box="[160,718,1182,1207]" page="494" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="78F24D2BFFDAA61926EFC884FD7BFB12" ID-CoL="37HPF" authority=": Huerta et al. 1999: 494" authorityName="Huerta" authorityPageNumber="494" authorityYear="1999" box="[160,718,1182,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilineata">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFDAA61926EFC884FE08FB12" box="[160,445,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Downeshelea multilineata</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="DB634B59FFDAA6192784C885FD7BFB12" author="Huerta H &amp; Ibanez-Bernal S &amp; Felippe-Bauer ML" box="[459,718,1183,1207]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" pagination="491 - 499" refId="ref16395" refString="Huerta H, Ibanez-Bernal S, Felippe-Bauer ML. 1999. New records of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Mexico. Entomol y Vectores. 6: 491 - 499." type="journal article" year="1999">Huerta et al. 1999: 494</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(misidentification;
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFDAA61925E8C885FC42FB12" box="[935,1015,1183,1207]" name="Mexico" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Mexico</collectingCountry>
record).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F7E86523FFDAA61926EFC8FEFC4EF990" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFDAA61926EFC8FEFEA1FB58" blockId="25.[160,1155,1252,1450]" box="[160,276,1252,1277]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFDAA61926EFC8FEFEA1FB58" bold="true" box="[160,276,1252,1277]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFDAA61926EFC91CFBBCFA0F" blockId="25.[160,1155,1252,1450]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFDAA61926EFC91CFF55FABA" bold="true" box="[160,224,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Male.</emphasis>
The only species of
<taxonomicName id="78F24D2BFFDAA619279FC91CFDD4FABA" box="[464,609,1286,1311]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFDAA619279FC91CFDD4FABA" box="[464,609,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Downeshelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Americas with the following combination of features: gonostylus 0.580.68 length of gonocoxite; parameres fused for 0.230.30 of total length; stem nearly straight basally, expanded distally in inner portion; distal portion very elongate, strongly curved distally (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFDAA619248DC975FC9AFA22" box="[706,815,1391,1415]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="24.[160,225,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[198,1117,142,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-1@24.[198,1117,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 9. Downeshelea jarina sp. nov., (a) male terminalia with aedeagus; (b) parameres. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov., (c) male terminalia with aedeagus; (d) parameres. Downeshelea marambaia sp. nov., (e) male terminalia; (f) aedeagus; (g) parameres. Downeshelea moravia sp. nov., (h) male terminalia with aedeagus; (i) parameres." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178507/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Figure 9d</figureCitation>
); aedeagus rectangular, basal arch somewhat U-shaped, extending to 0.340.42 of total length (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFDAA61925DCC988FC49FA0F" box="[915,1020,1426,1450]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="24.[160,225,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[198,1117,142,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-1@24.[198,1117,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 9. Downeshelea jarina sp. nov., (a) male terminalia with aedeagus; (b) parameres. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov., (c) male terminalia with aedeagus; (d) parameres. Downeshelea marambaia sp. nov., (e) male terminalia; (f) aedeagus; (g) parameres. Downeshelea moravia sp. nov., (h) male terminalia with aedeagus; (i) parameres." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178507/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Figure 9c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFDAA61926EFC9CCFC4EF990" blockId="25.[160,1156,1494,1589]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFDAA61926EFC9CCFF49FA4A" bold="true" box="[160,252,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Female.</emphasis>
The only species of
<taxonomicName id="78F24D2BFFDAA619244AC9CCFC92FA4A" box="[517,807,1494,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilineata">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFDAA619244AC9CCFC92FA4A" box="[517,807,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Downeshelea multilineata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group in the Americas with medium-sized wing (
<quantity id="780A9B4DFFDAA61927C4C9E0FD9EF9B7" box="[395,555,1530,1554]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.25" metricValueMin="1.05" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.25" valueMin="1.05">1.051.25 mm</quantity>
) (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFDAA619240EC9E0FD1EF9B7" box="[577,683,1530,1554]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1579,1602]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,144,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[163,1152,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov. Male: (a) wing; (b) fore, mid, hind legs (left to right); (c) head, anterior view. Female: (d) wing; (e) head, anterior view; (f) fore, mid, hind, tarsomeres (bottom to top); (g) palpus; (h) apex of female abdomen, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178501/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Figure 6d</figureCitation>
); midtarsomere 1 with 45 ventral spines; hind tibia uniformly brown; two slightly unequal spermathecae (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFDAA61925CDCA07FC5BF990" box="[898,1006,1565,1589]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1579,1602]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,144,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[163,1152,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov. Male: (a) wing; (b) fore, mid, hind legs (left to right); (c) head, anterior view. Female: (d) wing; (e) head, anterior view; (f) fore, mid, hind, tarsomeres (bottom to top); (g) palpus; (h) apex of female abdomen, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178501/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Figure 6h</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F7E86523FFDAA61B26EFCA7BFB8BFDA4" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="25" pageNumber="533" type="description">
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFDAA61926EFCA7BFE93F9DF" blockId="25.[160,1156,1633,1727]" box="[160,294,1633,1658]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFDAA61926EFCA7BFE93F9DF" bold="true" box="[160,294,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFDAA61926EFCA9EFD49F91A" blockId="25.[160,1156,1633,1727]" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFDAA61926EFCA9EFF55F938" bold="true" box="[160,224,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Male.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFDAA61926BFCA9EFE9CF938" box="[240,297,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Head</emphasis>
. Eyes slightly contiguous in lower area; antennal ratio 1.001.07 (1.02, n = 8); palpal ratio 2.202.75 (2.46,n = 8) (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFDAA61924CDCABDFD5BF91A" box="[642,750,1703,1727]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1579,1602]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,144,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[163,1152,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov. Male: (a) wing; (b) fore, mid, hind legs (left to right); (c) head, anterior view. Female: (d) wing; (e) head, anterior view; (f) fore, mid, hind, tarsomeres (bottom to top); (g) palpus; (h) apex of female abdomen, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178501/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="533">Figure 6b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFD9A61A26EFCC94FDE2FE7A" blockId="26.[160,1156,142,479]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD9A61A26EFCC94FF4CFF02" bold="true" box="[160,249,142,167]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Thorax.</emphasis>
Brown, without definite pattern in slide-mounted specimens. Wing (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFD9A61A225DCC95FBC9FF02" box="[1042,1148,143,167]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1579,1602]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,144,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[163,1152,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov. Male: (a) wing; (b) fore, mid, hind legs (left to right); (c) head, anterior view. Female: (d) wing; (e) head, anterior view; (f) fore, mid, hind, tarsomeres (bottom to top); (g) palpus; (h) apex of female abdomen, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178501/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Figure 6a</figureCitation>
) with greyish spot over CuA
<subScript id="237634EDFFD9A61A2799CCA6FE55FF69" attach="right" box="[470,480,188,204]" fontSize="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">1</subScript>
, CuA
<subScript id="237634EDFFD9A61A2453CCA6FD93FF69" attach="left" box="[540,550,188,204]" fontSize="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">2</subScript>
extending into cua
<subScript id="237634EDFFD9A61A2549CCA6FCA5FF69" attach="right" box="[774,784,188,204]" fontSize="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">1</subScript>
, anal cell, reaching wing margin in CuA
<subScript id="237634EDFFD9A61A26A1CCC5FF4DFF4A" attach="right" box="[238,248,223,239]" fontSize="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">1</subScript>
; 2
<superScript id="48879BE0FFD9A61A275ACCD4FE9EFF7B" attach="left" box="[277,299,206,222]" fontSize="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">nd</superScript>
radial cell twice longer than 1
<superScript id="48879BE0FFD9A61A24DDCCD4FD14FF7B" attach="none" box="[658,673,206,222]" fontSize="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">st</superScript>
; wing length 1.001.17 (1.08, n = 8) mm; breadth 0.320.40 (0.37, n = 8) mm; costal ratio 0.710.75 (0.73, n = 8). Halter brown, distal portion of knob darker. Legs (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFD9A61A2405CD00FD03FE97" box="[586,694,282,306]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1579,1602]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,144,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[163,1152,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov. Male: (a) wing; (b) fore, mid, hind legs (left to right); (c) head, anterior view. Female: (d) wing; (e) head, anterior view; (f) fore, mid, hind, tarsomeres (bottom to top); (g) palpus; (h) apex of female abdomen, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178501/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Figure 6c</figureCitation>
) brown, hind femur darker subapically. Fore-, hind tarsomere 1 with one basal, one apical spine; midtarsomere 1 with two basal, two apical, 46 other ventral spines; apical spines of tarsomeres 24 of fore-, mid-, hind legs: 222, 221, 111; fore tarsal ratio 2.212.35 (2.27, n = 8), mid tarsal ratio 2.22 2.55 (2.42, n = 8), hind tarsal ratio 2.092.33 (2.17, n = 8); claws 0.380.50 (0.44, n = 8) length of their respective tarsomere 5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFD9A61A26EFCE16FEA1FC07" blockId="26.[160,1156,524,930]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD9A61A26EFCE16FEADFD81" bold="true" box="[160,280,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Dark brown. Terminalia (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFD9A61A240ACE16FD1AFD81" box="[581,687,524,548]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="24.[160,225,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[198,1117,142,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-1@24.[198,1117,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 9. Downeshelea jarina sp. nov., (a) male terminalia with aedeagus; (b) parameres. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov., (c) male terminalia with aedeagus; (d) parameres. Downeshelea marambaia sp. nov., (e) male terminalia; (f) aedeagus; (g) parameres. Downeshelea moravia sp. nov., (h) male terminalia with aedeagus; (i) parameres." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178507/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Figure 9c</figureCitation>
): tergite 9 with quadrate apex, apicolateral process elongate, slender; sternite 9 slightly concave anteriorly, posterior margin with a moderately convex median lobe bearing 34 long setae. Gonocoxite nearly 2.15 2.36 (2.27, n = 8) times longer than basal width; gonostylus with blunt tip, 0.580.68 (0.63, n = 8) length of gonocoxite. Parameres (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFD9A61A24F2CE8DFC9FFD0A" box="[701,810,663,687]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="24.[160,225,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[198,1117,142,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-1@24.[198,1117,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 9. Downeshelea jarina sp. nov., (a) male terminalia with aedeagus; (b) parameres. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov., (c) male terminalia with aedeagus; (d) parameres. Downeshelea marambaia sp. nov., (e) male terminalia; (f) aedeagus; (g) parameres. Downeshelea moravia sp. nov., (h) male terminalia with aedeagus; (i) parameres." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178507/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Figure 9d</figureCitation>
) 1.061.23 (1.11, n = 8) times longer than aedeagus, fused for 0.230.30 (0.26, n = 8) of total length; knob heavily sclerotised, bulbous; stem nearly straight basally, expanded distally in inner portion; distal portion very elongate, strongly curved distally, 0.620.73 (0.69, n = 8) of total length. Aedeagus rectangular, slightly sclerotised laterally, basal arch somewhat U-shaped, deep, extending to 0.340.42 (0.38, n = 8) of total length, distal portion with moderately deep mesal excavation terminating in two short, pointed, serrate processes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFD9A61A26EFCFD4FDDAFA22" blockId="26.[160,1156,974,1415]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD9A61A26EFCFD4FF49FC42" bold="true" box="[160,252,974,999]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Female.</emphasis>
Similar to male with usual sexual differences; antennal ratio 1.061.17 (1.11, n = 5) (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFD9A61A26B9CFE8FED4FBAF" box="[246,353,1010,1034]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1579,1602]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,144,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[163,1152,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov. Male: (a) wing; (b) fore, mid, hind legs (left to right); (c) head, anterior view. Female: (d) wing; (e) head, anterior view; (f) fore, mid, hind, tarsomeres (bottom to top); (g) palpus; (h) apex of female abdomen, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178501/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Figure 6e</figureCitation>
); palpus as in
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFD9A61A2446CFE8FDC0FBAF" box="[521,629,1010,1034]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1579,1602]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,144,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[163,1152,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov. Male: (a) wing; (b) fore, mid, hind legs (left to right); (c) head, anterior view. Female: (d) wing; (e) head, anterior view; (f) fore, mid, hind, tarsomeres (bottom to top); (g) palpus; (h) apex of female abdomen, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178501/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">
Figure
<quantity id="780A9B4DFFD9A61A2416CFE8FDC0FBAF" box="[601,629,1010,1034]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" unit="g" value="6.0">6g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
, palpal ratio 2.202.60 (2.36, n = 5); mandible with 1112 teeth. Wing as in
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFD9A61A27A5C80FFDE0FB88" box="[490,597,1045,1069]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1579,1602]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,144,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[163,1152,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov. Male: (a) wing; (b) fore, mid, hind legs (left to right); (c) head, anterior view. Female: (d) wing; (e) head, anterior view; (f) fore, mid, hind, tarsomeres (bottom to top); (g) palpus; (h) apex of female abdomen, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178501/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Figure 6d</figureCitation>
; wing length 1.051.25 (1.15, n = 5) mm; breadth 0.400.50 (0.46, n = 5) mm; costal ratio 0.750.80 (0.77, n = 5). Fore-, hind tarsomere 1 with one basal and one apical spine; midtarsomere 1 with two basal, two apical, 45 other ventral spines; apical spines of tarsomeres 24 of fore-, mid-, hind legs: 111, 221, 112; fore tarsal ratio 2.252.50 (2.32, n = 5), mid tarsal ratio 2.452.54 (2.49, n = 5), hind tarsal ratio 2.372.50 (2.43, n = 5); fore, mid- leg claws 0.660.87 (0.71, n = 5) length of their respective tarsomeres 5; hind leg claw about 1.01.4 (1.11, n = 4) as long as tarsomere 5 (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFD9A61A272CC91DFE79FABA" box="[355,460,1287,1311]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1579,1602]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,144,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[163,1152,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov. Male: (a) wing; (b) fore, mid, hind legs (left to right); (c) head, anterior view. Female: (d) wing; (e) head, anterior view; (f) fore, mid, hind, tarsomeres (bottom to top); (g) palpus; (h) apex of female abdomen, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178501/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Figure 6f</figureCitation>
). Abdomen with genital sclerite nearly triangular, trilobed, tapering anteriorly. Two slightly unequal spermathecae (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFD9A61A2579C930FC11FAE7" box="[822,932,1322,1346]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1579,1602]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,144,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[163,1152,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Downeshelea litorale sp. nov. Male: (a) wing; (b) fore, mid, hind legs (left to right); (c) head, anterior view. Female: (d) wing; (e) head, anterior view; (f) fore, mid, hind, tarsomeres (bottom to top); (g) palpus; (h) apex of female abdomen, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178501/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Figure 6h</figureCitation>
), measuring 5565 (60, n = 5) by 4350 (47, n = 5) µm and 5058 (54, n = 4) by 4048 (44, n = 4) µm. Third rudimentary spermatheca nearly 7.5 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFD9A61A26EFC9AEFE2FFA68" blockId="26.[160,1156,1460,1727]" box="[160,410,1460,1485]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD9A61A26EFC9AEFE2FFA68" bold="true" box="[160,410,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Specimens examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFD9A61B26EFC9CDFB8BFDA4" blockId="26.[160,1156,1460,1727]" lastBlockId="27.[160,1157,142,513]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">
<typeStatus id="6049880AFFD9A61A26EFC9CDFEB2FA4A" box="[160,263,1495,1519]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male adult, labeled
<typeStatus id="6049880AFFD9A61A27B8C9CDFDEBFA4A" box="[503,606,1495,1519]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="78F24D2BFFD9A61A2429C9CCFB31FA4A" authority="Santarem, Borkent, Spinelli" authorityName="Santarem, Borkent, Spinelli" box="[614,1156,1494,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litorale">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD9A61A2429C9CCFCFEFA4A" box="[614,843,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Downeshelea litorale</emphasis>
Santarém, Borkent, Spinelli
</taxonomicName>
and Felippe-Bauer,
<taxonomicName id="78F24D2BFFD9A61A27C9C9E3FD5FF9B7" authority="(Lutz)" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[390,746,1529,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilineata">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD9A61A27C9C9E3FD14F9B7" box="[390,673,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Downeshelea multilineata</emphasis>
(Lutz)
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD9A61A24BAC9E0FCDEF9B7" box="[757,875,1530,1554]" name="Bahamas" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">BAHAMAS</collectingCountry>
, W.I. Coral Harbour, New Province,
<date id="CB4C1068FFD9A61A2741CA07FE5CF990" box="[270,489,1565,1589]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" value="1968-11-23">23 November 1968</date>
, G.M. Stobes col., light trap (USNM);
<typeStatus id="6049880AFFD9A61A25C1CA07FC5DF990" box="[910,1000,1565,1589]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
female adult, labeled
<typeStatus id="6049880AFFD9A61A274ACA25FED7F9F2" box="[261,354,1599,1623]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="78F24D2BFFD9A61A2720CA24FC2AF9F2" authority="Santarem, Borkent, Spinelli" authorityName="Santarem, Borkent, Spinelli" box="[367,927,1598,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litorale">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD9A61A2720CA24FDEDF9F2" box="[367,600,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Downeshelea litorale</emphasis>
Santarém, Borkent, Spinelli
</taxonomicName>
and Felippe-Bauer same data as
<typeStatus id="6049880AFFD9A61A270ACA78FE1CF9DF" box="[325,425,1634,1658]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(USNM).
<typeStatus id="6049880AFFD9A61A2455CA78FD32F9DF" box="[538,647,1634,1658]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
labeled as follows:
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD9A61A253CCA78FC70F9DF" box="[883,965,1634,1658]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD9A61A2596CA78FB9EF9DF" box="[985,1067,1634,1658]" name="Brazil" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="7D36F84AFFD9A61A2277CA78FF46F938" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
, Jacarepaguá, Tanque,
<date id="CB4C1068FFD9A61A27B8CA9FFDD6F938" box="[503,611,1669,1693]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" value="1972-07">July 1972</date>
, Tavares and Souza cols. (CCER);
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD9A61A2596CA9FFB92F938" box="[985,1063,1669,1693]" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD9A61A2278CA9FFF62F91A" name="Costa Rica" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="7D36F84AFFD9A61A26A2CABDFE83F91A" box="[237,310,1703,1727]" country="Costa Rica" name="Limon" pageId="26" pageNumber="534">Limón</collectingRegion>
, Parque Nacional Cahuita, Sector Puerto Vargas,
<quantity id="780A9B4DFFD9A61A25E2CABDFC67F91A" box="[941,978,1703,1727]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="5.0">5m</quantity>
,
<date id="CB4C1068FFD9A61B25A6CABDFE89FF03" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="26" pageNumber="534" value="2002-08-09" valueMax="2002-10-15" valueMin="2002-08-09">9 August15 October 2002</date>
, E. Rojas. Malaise (CNCI);
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B2412CC94FD1EFF03" box="[605,683,142,166]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, same data except
<date id="CB4C1068FFD8A61B25CACC94FBEEFF03" box="[901,1115,142,166]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" value="2002-12-15">15 December 2002</date>
<date id="CB4C1068FFD8A61B2227CC94FE8BFF6C" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" value="2003-01-15">15 January 2003</date>
(MNCR);
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B27F7CCABFDBAFF6C" box="[440,527,177,201]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<taxonomicName id="78F24D2BFFD8A61B2466CCAAFC2BFF6C" authority="(Lutz)" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[553,926,176,201]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilineata">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD8A61B2466CCAAFCF8FF6C" box="[553,845,176,201]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Downeshelea multilineata</emphasis>
(Lutz)
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B25FDCCABFB98FF6C" box="[946,1069,177,201]" name="Dominica" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">DOMINICA</collectingCountry>
, Cabrit Swamp,
<date id="CB4C1068FFD8A61B274ACCCEFE63FF49" box="[261,470,212,236]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" value="1965-02-23">23 February 1965</date>
, W. Wirth, Bredin-Archbold, Smithsonian biological survey Dominica (USNM);
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B27C4CCECFE58FEAB" box="[395,493,246,270]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B244FCCECFDC2FEAB" box="[512,631,246,270]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
,
<taxonomicName id="78F24D2BFFD8A61B24C0CCEFFBB1FEAB" authority="(Lutz)" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[655,1028,245,270]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilineata">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD8A61B24C0CCEFFC06FEAB" box="[655,947,245,270]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Downeshelea multilineata</emphasis>
(Lutz)
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B2257CCECFB34FEAB" box="[1048,1153,246,270]" name="Jamaica" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">JAMAICA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="7D36F84AFFD8A61B26EFCD03FE24FE94" box="[160,401,281,305]" country="Jamaica" name="Westmoreland" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Westmoreland Parish</collectingRegion>
Negril, Crystal Waters Tropical Hammock,
<date id="CB4C1068FFD8A61B25CDCD03FBD4FE94" box="[898,1121,281,305]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" value="1968-11-20">20 November 1968</date>
, R. E. Woodruff, black light trap (
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B27BDCD26FD88FEF1" box="[498,573,316,340]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B2407CD26FD1CFEF1" box="[584,681,316,340]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
CCER;
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B24B7CD26FCF3FEF1" box="[760,838,316,340]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B251FCD26FC0EFEF1" box="[848,955,316,340]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
USNM);
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B2252CD26FBDEFEF1" box="[1053,1131,316,340]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B223ACD26FF5AFED3" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, same data except
<date id="CB4C1068FFD8A61B279BCD44FDC5FED3" box="[468,624,350,374]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" value="1970-06-22">22 June 1970</date>
, light trap, E.G. Farnworth (USNM);
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B2241CD44FBDCFED3" box="[1038,1129,350,374]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B223ACD44FF4CFE3C" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
,
<taxonomicName id="78F24D2BFFD8A61B2744CD9AFDC6FE3C" authority="(Lutz)" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[267,627,384,409]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilineata">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD8A61B2744CD9AFD9CFE3C" box="[267,553,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Downeshelea multilineata</emphasis>
(Lutz)
</taxonomicName>
, GRAND CAYMAN,
<date id="CB4C1068FFD8A61B251DCD9BFC50FE3C" box="[850,997,385,409]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" value="1991-07-14">14 July 1991</date>
, P. Fitzgerald, black light trap (
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B272ACDBEFE07FE19" box="[357,434,420,444]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B27F1CDBEFD95FE19" box="[446,544,420,444]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
CCER;
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B243ECDBEFD79FE19" box="[625,716,420,444]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B2498CDBEFC8FFE19" box="[727,826,420,444]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
USNM);
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B25D2CDBEFBB6FE19" box="[925,1027,420,444]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, same data except
<date id="CB4C1068FFD8A61B26BBCDDCFE3BFE7B" box="[244,398,454,478]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" value="1991-10">October 1991</date>
(USNM);
<specimenCount id="A9F4FD21FFD8A61B27B6CDDCFDE6FE7B" box="[505,595,454,478]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B242BCDDCFD74FE7B" box="[612,705,454,478]" name="Mexico" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="7D36F84AFFD8A61B2483CDDCFC9CFE7B" box="[716,809,454,478]" country="Mexico" name="Yucatan" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Yucatan</collectingRegion>
, Reserva Río Lagartos, Tizimin, entrada a Zacbo, selva baja,
<date id="CB4C1068FFD8A61B27A8CDF3FD26FDA4" box="[487,659,489,513]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" value="1996-03-19">19 March 1996</date>
, light trap, Ibáñez-Bernal col. (CAIM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F7E86523FFD8A61B26EFCE2CFEC7FD12" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFD8A61B26EFCE2CFE50FDEA" blockId="27.[160,1156,566,695]" box="[160,485,566,591]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD8A61B26EFCE2CFE50FDEA" bold="true" box="[160,485,566,591]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Distribution and bionomics</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFD8A61B26EFCE40FEC7FD12" blockId="27.[160,1156,566,695]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">
This species is known from the
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B2457CE40FDDEFDD7" box="[536,619,602,626]" name="Mexico" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Mexico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B2436CE40FD55FDD7" box="[633,736,602,626]" name="Bahamas" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
, Grand Cayman,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B25E6CE40FBB0FDD7" box="[937,1029,602,626]" name="Jamaica" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B225CCE40FB35FDD7" box="[1043,1152,602,626]" name="Dominica" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Dominica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B26EFCE66FEA0FD31" box="[160,277,636,660]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="7D36F84AFFD8A61B2769CE66FEDAFD31" box="[294,367,636,660]" country="Costa Rica" name="Limon" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Limón</collectingRegion>
) and
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B27FBCE66FE45FD31" box="[436,496,636,660]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="7D36F84AFFD8A61B27B0CE66FD13FD31" box="[511,678,636,660]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="27C92A2DFFD8A61B24F1CE66FC9FFD31" box="[702,810,636,660]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="25.[160,225,1002,1025]" captionTargetBox="[162,1153,142,971]" captionTargetId="figure-177@25.[162,1153,142,971]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 10. Geographic distribution of species in the Downeshelea multilineata species group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5178509" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5178509/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Figure 10</figureCitation>
). It has been found in forests near coastal areas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F7E86523FFD8A61B26EFCEF6FC87FCEE" pageId="27" pageNumber="535" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFD8A61B26EFCEF6FEA8FCA0" blockId="27.[160,1156,748,843]" box="[160,285,748,773]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">
<emphasis id="8D86EABAFFD8A61B26EFCEF6FEA8FCA0" bold="true" box="[160,285,748,773]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF4D36A8FFD8A61B26EFCF0AFC87FCEE" blockId="27.[160,1156,748,843]" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">
The name of this species reflects its distribution along seashores in the Caribbean,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B26EFCF29FF46FCEE" box="[160,243,819,843]" name="Mexico" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Mexico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B26B1CF29FEC7FCEE" box="[254,370,819,843]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="C7E57638FFD8A61B27E0CF29FE5EFCEE" box="[431,491,819,843]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="535">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(Latin litorale = seashore).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>