treatments-xml/data/33/EA/8F/33EA8F6D673A341C0582725EE3568A43.xml

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<mods:title id="0745C10DE752DD08975D84F0A8D08C6D">A revision of dragon millipedes I: genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, with the description of eight new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="33EA8F6D673A341C0582725EE3568A43" ID-GBIF-Taxon="144172434" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:33EA8F6D673A341C0582725EE3568A43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/33EA8F6D673A341C0582725EE3568A43" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="CA96FE4A9B453F4FC4F9026A67A906C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="194E8B5DA75BC8BC3E57C870E0948853" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="B83898BD5E6308F581EE656EAF782C2E" ID-CoL="6CNKL" authority="Pocock, 1895" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1895" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina (Pocock, 1895)</taxonomicName>
Figs 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B24E92862F50C7054C699E9BCD8167F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6BE5D4A8CD96DC80A6B8E31546984C18" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="B2A133EDB4DC356767194951EA146D62" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Prionopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prionopeltis cervinus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervinus">Prionopeltis cervinus</taxonomicName>
Pocock, 1895: 831. 
<bibRefCitation id="2C1D26EE439D812512D617690DFAE986" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Fragmenta Faunistica Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46057676" year="1914">Attems 1914</bibRefCitation>
: 203; 
<bibRefCitation id="98338A84E488DFDEC8DF34BB38A088C1" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="133 - 323" title="Diplopoda of India." volume="11" year="1936">1936</bibRefCitation>
: 215.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EBEF6AFD7EECE00BE031DF30A966392C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="4E0F1CDB664E8E089B46A9F3635A6FAA" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Pratinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pratinus cervinus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervinus">Pratinus cervinus</taxonomicName>
- 
<bibRefCitation id="FBEB5A53F1EF56B17D7CE091713F3905" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 300" title="Myriapoda 3. Polydemoidea I, Fam. Strongylosomidae." volume="68" year="1937">Attems 1937</bibRefCitation>
: 120. 
<bibRefCitation id="4B22B316968E5604E118E1EECC0D6CC8" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 73" title="Two new species of Pratinus Attems, with taxonomic notes on the genus and a redescription of its type-species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/548475" volume="11" year="1964">Jeekel 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 63. 
<bibRefCitation id="3D2105CB4533619C3496F96551E9FF63" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Academisch Proefschrift, Rotterdam, Netherlands" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" title="On the classification and geographical distribution of the family Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." year="1968">Jeekel 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 61.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A91544973A7466C1E815E26FF031EF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="51AA41F33E3619B7D054207F3B8B054B" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina</taxonomicName>
- 
<bibRefCitation id="F63CB0C63EA7CB822A6F69A35054C0D8" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="651 - 670" title="The generic allocation of some little-known Paradoxosomatidae from South-East Asia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41420961" volume="87" year="1980 a">Jeekel 1980a</bibRefCitation>
: 654. 
<bibRefCitation id="3FC05F72BC45CB1B15CF0DFCEE0F8DB8" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 71" title="Review of the dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="20" year="1994">Golovatch and Enghoff 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 61. 
<bibRefCitation id="1DF047CA240939C92DC5BA12AA4B8286" author="Nguyen, DA" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1132 - 1353" title="A worldwide catalog of the family Paradoxosomatidae Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)." url="https://doi.org/10.15560/9.6.1132" volume="9" year="2013">Nguyen and Sierwald 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 1241. 
<bibRefCitation id="8E585BDF4DB4A897BF797AE3F901A611" author="Likhitrakarn, N" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 46" title="A checklist of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of Myanmar, with an updated list of Leonardo Fea's collecting localities." url="http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4350.1.1" volume="4350" year="2017">Likhitrakarn et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
: 19.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD6518F007F848FB94F715037F16169E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="18DF2B4B0066260998A52FB90855BC7F" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes pterygota" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pterygota">Desmoxytes pterygota</taxonomicName>
Golovatch &amp; Enghoff, 1994: 55, syn. n. 
<bibRefCitation id="EBBF1D6CDE3E3E7D0F3CE9F532F9D129" author="Enghoff, H" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="87 - 103" title="The millipedes of Thailand (Diplopoda)." url="http://www.zmuc.dk/commonweb/JOURNALS/PDF/Vol29-1/Enghoff.pdf" volume="29" year="2005">Enghoff 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 96. 
<bibRefCitation id="18181B2006E2A5186179EE5717F7A484" author="Decker, P" journalOrPublisher="Schubartiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="23 - 34" title="Contributions to the myriapod fauna of Thailand-New records of millipedes and centipedes from Thailand (Myriapoda: Diplopoda, Chilopoda)." url="http://www.schubartiana.de/issues/pdf/vol4/Decker-2010-Myriapod_fauna_of_Thailand.pdf" volume="4" year="2010">Decker 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 30. 
<bibRefCitation id="86545A56309B39E6AB1B6662923A6AB4" author="Nguyen, DA" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1132 - 1353" title="A worldwide catalog of the family Paradoxosomatidae Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)." url="https://doi.org/10.15560/9.6.1132" volume="9" year="2013">Nguyen and Sierwald 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 1242.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1533C4841F222D1A11302A5C6BB9D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="AD8C67B4735011CBC67435CA92E616BF" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Desmoxytes</taxonomicName>
sp. - 
<bibRefCitation id="C100C6D4D8BC9481FC9A11F5B22EF860" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 71" title="Review of the dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="20" year="1994">Golovatch and Enghoff 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 60.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE4E973A06DB0267A473E37EEF9C5145" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="57DBEC5D38762504042C43AFA93F214B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="30707C9C1DA35C937E9ACBEA0D5A8CE4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lectotype. Male (NHMUK, Bm 1892.5.4.76), MYANMAR, south Tenasserim, leg. E. W. Oates, most legs missing. Lectotype here designated.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F17CD5B9FB4C72DA3940019E7E23248" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Holotype (
<taxonomicName id="728BFC9B719A43398B579E84D7F39446" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
): Male (ZMUC), THAILAND, Ranong Province, Kapoe District, in forest at big waterfalls south of Kapoe (Khao Phra Narai Waterfall?), 15 November 1990, leg. M. Andersen and A. R. Rasmussen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A4567D5A96EE444A2C91B206BAE98486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Paratypes (
<taxonomicName id="841D254E8527F66FD7FB3560C3A20C70" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
): 2 males (ZMUC), 1 male (ZMUM), THAILAND, Ranong Province, Kapoe District, in forest at big waterfalls south of Kapoe, 15 November 1990, leg. M. Andersen and A. R. Rasmussen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="91E646FAADE94A36A90FD074E8EF9278" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="81D5D205896EF15D42A584425207D42B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7DBFEC139E23500892309108281E43C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
MYANMAR: 10 males, 7 females (CUMZ), Tanintharyi Region, Lenya National Park, Phayarhtan Cave (Buddha Cave), approximately 10 km from Ban Nam Yen Village, inside the deep rainforest near limestone mountain, on decaying wood and under bark, 
<geoCoordinate id="616F12A1955274787D6347B12900F0B0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="11.230556">11°13'50&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="14DC4737882A1696F1127234F7247E0F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.176384">99°10'35&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 85 m a.s.l., 6 June 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Chanabun and R. Srisonchai.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3EA20D5CAE75D98B2FC045DCA9FBB4FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
THAILAND: Chumphon Province: 1 male, 2 females (CUMZ), Mueang Chumphon District, Tham Chang Phuek Bureau of Monks, 
<geoCoordinate id="896DCD34C37EE71ADE61691DE2F85E77" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.446389">10°26'47&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="C08E202A2EE56AC42CEE72B56EC9F4C4" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.034996">99°02'06&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 93 m a.s.l., 13 March 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members. 1 male (CUMZ), Sawi District, Wat Nam Cha, 
<geoCoordinate id="FD1B6F9C1F6881C148D67C45A5968335" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.298334">10°17'54&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="7C6A80AB6679F33455A573F911153149" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.0325">99°01'57&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 105 m a.s.l., 3 July 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C82BA858FB3C5812DABF2F8675078A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Krabi Province: 1 male (CUMZ), Ao-Luek District, P.N. Moutain Resort, 
<geoCoordinate id="AF62867C3F4717B041F02E1476978D27" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.402499">8°24'09&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="44CF2A657B766BC62C8D2E5CDBD57189" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.73833">98°44'18&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 60 m a.s.l., 30 August 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit and ASRU members. 1 male remaining rings 7-20 (CUMZ), Khlong Thom District, Emerald Blue Pool, 
<geoCoordinate id="95C53CE5903A138DCC72EED194A07924" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="7.9249997">7°55'30&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="4536C85764DF9835CC367CA45A6E68A1" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.26806">99°16'05&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 67 m a.s.l., 15 January 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Muang Krabi District, Wat Tham Sue (Tiger Cave), valley behind Tiger Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="23A47E6C03A568974A368472AEDB380C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.127222">8°07'38&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="A7F9B96C8E11E5CDEE6226CA09FCA4D2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.924164">98°55'27&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 86 m a.s.l., 18 May 2010, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 2 males, 3 females, 1 broken male and missing gonopods (CUMZ), Muang Krabi District, Wat Tham Sue (Tiger Cave), valley behind Tiger Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="8E808A38159604D246A92DEC95A0753C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.127222">8°07'38&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="6F0D8C0E39A5CE1A5B0D7DD37674D672" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.924164">98°55'27&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 86 m a.s.l., 7 October 2006, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 male, 4 females (CUMZ), Muang Krabi District, Wat Tham Sue (Tiger Cave), valley behind Tiger Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="5B397716AC25443CAA56D785E40D7DFF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.127222">8°07'38&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D5CEAAB1FD4C7A98006E489E90CC77DC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.924164">98°55'27&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 86 m a.s.l., 24 August 2014, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 2 males, 1 female, 1 juvenile (CUMZ), Muang Krabi District, Wat Tham Sue (Tiger Cave), valley behind Tiger Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="B452288B4FD9E500D75FE02822B3C9FF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.127222">8°07'38&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="BBB8B96ED6B9296B33F781B5BE155667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.924164">98°55'27&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 86 m a.s.l., 30 August 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members. 15 males, 3 females, 1 juvenile (CUMZ), Muang Krabi District, Wat Tham Sue (Tiger Cave), valley behind Tiger Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="093334E43D07FCA72F08EFB8E32FA4BA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.127222">8°07'38&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="982F248D597CD30E9C5A66251FA27C55" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.924164">98°55'27&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 86 m a.s.l., 9 July 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members. 11 males, 6 females, 1 juvenile (CUMZ), Muang Krabi District, Wat Tham Sue (Tiger Cave), valley behind Tiger Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="766B3C4ACE356E4780315E5C54D177F2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.127222">8°07'38&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="773D601D75EA91024488554A9428FBC3" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.924164">98°55'27&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 86 m a.s.l., 25 July 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A6CD682487AF5AC3B779DA2954130EE2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Nakhon Si Thammarat Province: 2 males, 2 females, 4 juveniles (ZMUC), Sichon District, Khao Lark Waterfall, 25 August 2007, leg. ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Thung Song District, Yong Waterfall, 
<geoCoordinate id="76F230D6BF7D61BBDEDDACD9D23E371E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.172501">8°10'21&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="7F59588258F9458557B501A1F1E21AA0" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.742775">99°44'34&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 138 m a.s.l., 20 July 2008, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 male missing gonopods (CUMZ), Nopphitam District, Krung Ching Waterfall, 
<geoCoordinate id="5E6C0F9DCAED3BD164B18DDDE80D6BDF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.724166">8°43'27&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="80239408E5290441065972A0F9B05F9B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.66778">99°40'04&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 173 m a.s.l., 17 January 2013, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Khanom District, Nai Plao Beach, 
<geoCoordinate id="1C678AC71DEA977B5A79005554706370" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.123889">9°07'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="0A298578445FBBFE14335780833C0015" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.88334">99°52'60&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 20 m a.s.l., 4 December 2015, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Tham Phannara District, Wat Tham Kanlaya Namit, 
<geoCoordinate id="C8A2249F2795C0044AA8FABF7FD1FD17" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.513333">8°30'48&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="8FAC8FA612CBA1578F4B2B1662192F17" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.38111">99°22'52&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 51 m a.s.l., 4 July 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Tham Phannara District, Wat Tham Thong Phannara, 
<geoCoordinate id="784D3BA840262C417CD9277AEE769998" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.422501">8°25'21&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="0E5B3A04A2C9DA682FF1A8A183E9CD40" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.37972">99°22'47&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 32 m a.s.l., 4 July 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB962FF36D9ADF13A39AB4AF4357360A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Phang Nga Province: 1 male missing gonopods, 3 males, 1 female (CUMZ), Thai Mueang District, Khaolak-Lumru National Park, 
<geoCoordinate id="DC4A87A9A9557AC25A5332192B24ABAA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.626389">8°37'35&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="C21B1634D9C5EB82E1C3119DC77BF9B7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.24027">98°14'25&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 72 m a.s.l., 7 October 2006, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 male, 1 female (ZMUC), Thap Put District, Highway No. 4 Phet Kasem Road ca. 0.5 km north of the Headquarters of the Khao 
<normalizedToken id="8D3F6993ABE7C371F7F89F6F1A1EFF66" originalValue="Lak–Lamru">Lak-Lamru</normalizedToken>
National Park, on the street next to secondary rainforest. 8°37'N, 98°14'E, ca. 30-40 m a.s.l., 29 
<normalizedToken id="D189452F20531287B3215575C2839D53" originalValue="August–">August-</normalizedToken>
12 September 2008, leg. N. Laufer. 1 male missing gonopods, 1 male (CUMZ), Khura Buri District, Mu Koh Surin National Park, Koh Surin Nuea, 
<geoCoordinate id="C3CF618875276FAC1EA95C4128E61EB1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.440833">9°26'27&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="5EF115FA0DF051477CEFA4F5FED53F8D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="97.86972">97°52'11&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 39 m a.s.l., 8 April 2012, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 broken male and missing gonopods (CUMZ), Mueang Phang Nga District, Tham Nam Pud, 
<geoCoordinate id="41EDB0FFCC1C05A2C6FE7ED6FDA9A0C4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.463889">8°27'50&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="BDA54FE9D72CE5E04D14D3DC1458366B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.543335">98°32'36&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 58 m a.s.l., 7 October 2006, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Mueang Phang Nga District, Tham Nam Pud, 
<geoCoordinate id="250AC9C3CC17DC5DC594170DEC136287" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.463889">8°27'50&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="E12B8A85C845F2BE2D0139EE4C55BF7E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.543335">98°32'36&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 58 m a.s.l., 5 August 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members. 1 male (CUMZ), Mueang Phang Nga District, Tham Pha Sue Bureau of Monks, 
<geoCoordinate id="E968E91176FEC304EAAA314AE9DBAA0E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.473333">8°28'24&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="F0CA30F1822A94A7AAF06226218173C8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.5375">98°32'15&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 78 m a.s.l., 10 July 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members. 2 females (CUMZ), Mueang Phang Nga District, Tham Nam Pud Bureau of Monks, 8 October 2006, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 male, 1 female (CUMZ), Mueang Phang Nga District, Tao Thong Waterfall, 
<geoCoordinate id="D982D8D807832EABA03690125FFF670B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.485556">8°29'08&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="3F879EEDF323A7C41B7225A9378E0585" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.58584">98°35'09&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 25 m a.s.l., 7 October 2006, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Mueang Phang Nga District, Phung Chang Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="2B5983CF607FBD7BAD66F05F646C2A3C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.442778">8°26'34&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="3DEADD6862B77B504175A894414AF815" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.51639">98°30'59&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 24 m a.s.l., 26 September 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 3 males, 2 females, 14 juveniles (CUMZ), Mueang Phang Nga District, Phung Chang Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="E6ADFA80D55B3AEBE326DEE96C9ABDE1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.442778">8°26'34&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="74C01011168846491F4227D59FC238F2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.51639">98°30'59&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 24 m a.s.l., 6 August 2014, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Mueang Phang Nga District, Phung Chang Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="14456963CB6FA4F0319D9E84F932DF2C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.442778">8°26'34&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="08D813EA103BDD26707F17F73A6119A1" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.51639">98°30'59&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 24 m a.s.l., 5 August 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai and ASRU members. 5 males, 4 females (CUMZ), Mueang Phang Nga District, Phung Chang Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="B62D7FE9B462B22DA6B39F68BAAD98B2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.442778">8°26'34&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="47CECED9645528844D3614F510192AA7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.51639">98°30'59&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 24 m a.s.l., 8 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 3 males, 2 juveniles (CUMZ), Takua Thung District, Wat Suwan Khuha (Monkey Cave), 
<geoCoordinate id="08FEC891E1925929D5900789AEFABDDF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.428333">8°25'42&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="BDC4B03AAA21DCDF75CF2310017D7774" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.47278">98°28'22&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 25 m a.s.l., 8 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Thap Put District, Wat Khiri Wong (Tham Kob), 
<geoCoordinate id="8E1671FBB06ED87D2721CBE7B81B0769" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.532499">8°31'57&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="5429E274048EF33CC819C09A53E9A35C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.577774">98°34'40&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 97 m a.s.l., 9 July 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7C4C56FBE5044BF426AE61AF8E033001" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Phuket Province: 1 male of 
<taxonomicName id="3510ED2CF8CA2687F6990C8D80D7EA66" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Desmoxytes</taxonomicName>
sp. (ZMUC), Thalang District, Thepkrasattree Subdistrict, Tonsai Waterfall, 
<geoCoordinate id="5EE508F68FDFC0099396DADD2BCD50BD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.028889">8°01'44&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="F97CAD85441562E05D4A48CF6D9F6786" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.362495">98°21'45&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 67 m a.s.l., 12 October 1991, leg. M. Anderson, O. Martin, and N. Scharff. 1 female (CUMZ), Mueang Phuket District, Panwa Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="4927A3965EA67B2444EAD77BDC247677" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="7.801111">7°48'04&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="52088A9AA1989C01D0FE27A44AEFF1DD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.40945">98°24'34&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 25 m a.s.l., June 2007, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Mueang Phuket District, Panwa Cave, 
<geoCoordinate id="342AFD45A2BEDBCFA25DE5D0192F55D0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="7.801111">7°48'04&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="F1AD689E92474378313E5E982C54A504" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.40945">98°24'34&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 25 m a.s.l., 5 November 2007, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE6F1D2434AC46E5E6850BB4F8C51CA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Ranong Province: 1 male (CUMZ), Kra Buri District, Tham Phra Khayang, 
<geoCoordinate id="4F0F03D319C226E744FF083F2B9E6D12" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.326388">10°19'35&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9E9EA1CC347DAF72177EDA87FD96B949" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.765">98°45'54&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 51 m a.s.l., 21 November 2015, leg. S. Panha, P. Tongkerd, and A. Pholyotha. 1 female (CUMZ), Kra Buri District, Bok Krai Waterfall, 
<geoCoordinate id="880B558A2249215555298DD1C85E9D08" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.376389">10°22'35&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="1D232242D5A7A5246AA01A7CF5F03E92" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.85611">98°51'22&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 106 m a.s.l., 3 January 2013, leg. S. Panha, P. Tongkerd, and A. Pholyotha.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E5295F0E0126FB0AE9023798A75A6508" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Surat Thani Province: 2 broken and mixed females, 2 females remaining rings 13-20, 1 broken female (CUMZ), Phanom District, Khlong Phanom National Park, 
<geoCoordinate id="CCAA30417E4E9E46D1071188FD3D8B72" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.878889">8°52'44&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="045D3F921124D77949F6A783F12FFF55" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.67389">98°40'26&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 68 m a.s.l., 28 August 2007, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 male, 6 juveniles (CUMZ), Phanom District, Khlong Phanom National Park, Pha Daeng, 
<geoCoordinate id="9312516AEE8E0E543C138AB0168F2676" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.894722">8°53'41&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="1C06C1550829A6CBA147DD7C01D4C485" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.55334">98°33'12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 67 m a.s.l., 7 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 8 males, 3 females (CUMZ), Phanom District, Khlong Phanom National Park, Pha Daeng, 
<geoCoordinate id="2C44472926EA8FBF379FEE30FDCDC914" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.894722">8°53'41&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="C3369ABC329DA18CE5CC84EBBC387A89" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.55334">98°33'12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 67 m a.s.l., 1 August 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 4 males (CUMZ), Phanom District, Ban Song Phi Nong, 
<geoCoordinate id="5F5BB2629BCBFF9D844DE0DE91378094" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.8475">8°50'51&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="E020D524490246027C35BDCCBAABB728" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.73778">98°44'16&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 74 m a.s.l., 7 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 10 males, 3 females, 1 broken male missing gonopods (CUMZ), Ban Ta Khun District, Ratchaprapa Dam, 
<geoCoordinate id="CDD5F9CCA8848C0CEC9BFAD07476F2FA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.956111">8°57'22&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D8D82BA5C75484EE47ABBB63DA992081" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.806114">98°48'22&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 53 m a.s.l., 8 October 2008, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Ban Ta Khun District, Ratchaprapa Dam, 
<geoCoordinate id="A0CEEE068EB24762985D1BACDA40667C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.956111">8°57'22&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="1514D7A588EB8549E1CFD10EB2A934FA" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.806114">98°48'22&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 53 m a.s.l., 4 August 2014, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. Many specimens (CUMZ), Ban Ta Khun District, Ratchaprapa Dam, 
<geoCoordinate id="FF46DEA4CE9F3C6249444FFEC6F869EB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.956111">8°57'22&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="88EF0E6CFD5C28EEFBC3501BC1E3F430" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.806114">98°48'22&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 53 m a.s.l., 3 August 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 1 male (CUMZ), Ban Ta Khun District, Ratchaprapa Dam, 
<geoCoordinate id="CD61A04558A6836D005FC7894C519E2E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.956111">8°57'22&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="C8A8AFB5765ED24F6823B695D7CEE8ED" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.806114">98°48'22&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 53 m a.s.l., 5 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 1 male (CUMZ), Ban Ta Khun District, Khlong Hoi, 8 October 2008, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 2 males, 1 male missing gonopods, 1 juvenile, 1 broken juvenile (CUMZ), Ban Ta Khun District, Khao Wong Water Supply Station, 
<geoCoordinate id="34AB03A21790D8B38C9B5C963DEF20B0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.929723">8°55'47&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="2567A53D0EA7EB274E0DAF1835931419" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.94028">98°56'25&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 97 m a.s.l., 9 October 2008, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 2 males (CUMZ), Ban Ta Khun District, Wat Khao Pang (Suspension Bridge), 
<geoCoordinate id="75583DA453FD336782472C48DF0A16D0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.948334">8°56'54&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="52FE7359A9D6AC2C052161A4E82238A9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.8225">98°49'21&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 24 m a.s.l., 5 May 2017, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 male, 1 male missing gonopods, 2 females, 2 broken females, 1 juvenile (CUMZ), Khirirat Nikhom District, Wat Satit Khirirom, 
<geoCoordinate id="8089C07070BFDDEF1B96BFEF0911DA57" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.03">9°01'48&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="16AA7A878D4CA5C01A85956DDB4F0896" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.986664">98°59'12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 47 m a.s.l., 8 October 2008, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 male (CUMZ), Khirirat Nikhom District, Wat Satit Khirirom, 
<geoCoordinate id="DB88058080408F15821E475A4B4846E8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.03">9°01'48&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="7ED769FF121389A5FEE423AE25F8B2CA" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.986664">98°59'12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 47 m a.s.l., 5 September 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 27 males, 10 females (CUMZ), 2 males, 1 female (ZMUC), 1 male, 1 female (ZMUM), 1 male, 1 female (NHMW), 1 male, 1 female (NHMUK), Khirirat Nikhom District, Wat Satit Khirirom, 
<geoCoordinate id="4C12C8AF32E3043E01606424836EA873" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.03">9°01'48&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="23DF6345EFC1B5ACDD723B7D0F275215" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.986664">98°59'12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 47 m a.s.l., 10 July 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 1 male missing right gonopod (CUMZ), Khirirat Nikhom District, km3 near Khirirat Nikhom City, 9 October 2008, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 male, 1 female (CUMZ), Khirirat Nikhom District, Tham Wang Badan Bureau of Monks, 
<geoCoordinate id="CD91344F9E689C97A244060F6F5DCAA5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.935833">8°56'09&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="F1D04EBDA056FF6C1BEBF6984C30BD1F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.95777">98°57'28&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 69 m a.s.l., 3 August 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 3 broken males (CUMZ), Ko Samui District, Na Muang Waterfall, 
<geoCoordinate id="4F667E395E497549AF9ED84EB7AFA95B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.466111">9°27'58&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="FB2CE13A5D2140ED039BBF3CF7D63759" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.98389">99°59'02&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 53 m a.s.l., 27 January 2006, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Ko Samui District, Na Muang Waterfall, 
<geoCoordinate id="BC2375E08D2286ABA3AFBFDBF35B4216" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.466111">9°27'58&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D4A9D29334A12660135B06F5C26F82ED" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.98389">99°59'02&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 53 m a.s.l., 4 December 2015, leg. S. Panha, P. Tongkerd and A. Pholyotha. 1 male remaining rings 1-11, 1 female (ZMUM), Ko Samui, Thailand, June 2013, leg. Korabushkin Daniil. 10 males, 5 females, 4 juveniles (CUMZ), Wiang Sa District, Khiri Rat Pattana Bureau of Monks (Wat Khao Poon), 
<geoCoordinate id="C9D48362170F4272FEA7EAC7245B066A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.526944">8°31'37&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="F9F6C530B968BCCE7A93CE6EDB02D3B6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.38306">99°22'59&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 68 m a.s.l., 4 July 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members. 1 male, 1 female (CUMZ), Ban Na San District, Khao Kok Maharat Bureau of Monks, 
<geoCoordinate id="133C979AE50E32E8862AF08F2D4B6F72" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.6925">8°41'33&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="BB7C5EA5C9FB41CA3D3F7E48116A232B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.379166">99°22'45&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 71 m a.s.l., 4 July 2017, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EE4A471E2F33A677FB72EBA61D134A5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4CD3A9F28DAC1B8ED084FD1440EFABD2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="198A58B1D960F96C5A0DF06E6A259340" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Differs from other 
<taxonomicName id="E7357644B89F57FCBEE5B6DFABD4D65D" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Desmoxytes</taxonomicName>
species by the combination of the following characters: body colour brownish red/brown/pale brown; paraterga brownish red/red/yellowish brown; metaterga 2-4 with 2+2 (anterior row) and 2+2 (posterior row) tubercles, metaterga 5-19 with 2(1)+2(1) (anterior row) and 2+2 (posterior row) tubercles; lamina lateralis (ll) stout; anterolaterally with a long, distinct, deep and wide furrow; ventral ridge (vrl) of lamina lateralis very long, wide, conspicuous; process (plm) of lamina medialis long, distinctly demarcated from distal lobe, irregularly shaped, directed mesodorsad; distal lobe (dlm) of lamina medialis distally with one distinct lamella; broad lobe (blm) slightly thick at the edge, distinctly demarcated from distal lobe (dlm) by a wide and shallow indentation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5417AE417D0C140B6FB577E54EC2660F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="8E837102AE48AF64EE193496DD91D0A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C8B00D9501B1A1665170AFEA9520C680" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">MYANMAR, southern Myanmar, Tenasserim [Tanintharyi Region].</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6388A59829770CB35A662D3715FFC7C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="EE58CF2046390E666AB0C3D75E42B828" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2A0E408936C60D71B2E7429AC7BABC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">SIZE: Length 25-31 mm (male), 33-39 mm (female); width of midbody metazona ca. 2.1 mm (male), 3.6 mm (female). Width of head &lt;collum &lt;body ring 2 ≥ 3 = 4 &lt;5-16, thereafter body gradually tapering towards telson.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C1CBD30E749E5B3E1FAD2408590B39D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
COLOUR (Figs 16, 17 
<normalizedToken id="9BEB138368418629DBDC903FF2E9C28A" originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
): In life with two colour morphs. Brownish red morph - body brownish red (testaceous); head and antenna brownish black (except distal part of antennomere 7 and antennomere 8 whitish); collum, epiproct and legs brown; rings 2-3 brownish red or brown; metaterga, surface below paraterga and sterna brownish red; paraterga brownish red or red; a few basal podomeres reddish brown. Brown morph - body brown (female pale brown); head and antenna (except distal part of antennomere 7 and antennomere 8 whitish) brownish black or black; collum and rings 2-3 brownish black; metaterga, surface below paraterga, epiproct and legs brown; paraterga yellowish brown; sterna pale brown; a few basal podomeres brownish white. Colour in alcohol: after 100 years changed to greenish dark or greenish brown, after 5-10 years changed to pale brown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="17B26576153E67EFEF96875EA8BF0943" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="3B6E35E58B8B3034E0BBF3A5D88F1308" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 16. Photographs of live 
<taxonomicName id="BC90D04EEFC50A04A686800DE3E49230" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895) - males. A specimen from Wat Satit Khiri Rom B specimen from Phrayathtan Cave (Myanmar) C specimen from Ban Song Phi Nong D specimen from Wat Suwan Khuha.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="5DA2599D026E2808FB0FCE8E31E37BE4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="DD8180AC266B67B6C964FE3B96F51F76" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 17. Photographs of live 
<taxonomicName id="C98FFEF762A1598052306DF0FE87327C" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895) and habitat. 
<normalizedToken id="2456AE63034102A88AE9B2FE6703A1E8" originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
specimens from Ratchaprapa Dam A female B juvenile C, D male with parasitic mites E mating couple F habitat.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="095E8E7E22DAFD85415193F9B343AB23" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ANTENNAE (Fig. 18D): Very long and slender, reaching to body ring 6 or 7 (male) and 5 or 6 (female) when stretched dorsally.</paragraph>
<caption id="D03628027642C7180D6786444850D6D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="1196B8B7FE9337ECCC82D7FA0C05619D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 18. 
<taxonomicName id="482AE637E36B067734CB06A36389A72B" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895) - specimen from Wat Satit Khirirom. A anterior body part B body rings 8-10 (op = ozopore) C posteriormost body rings and telson D head and antenna E paraterga of ring 10 (arrow = tiny denticle) F body ring 10.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="483EF19D59F4BE23ABF950B0DB048FD4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COLLUM (Fig. 18A): With 1 transverse row of setae, 3+3 anterior setae; paraterga of collum low, elevated at ca. 15°-20°, directed caudolaterad, with two inconspicuous notches on lateral margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B76A60E35F7DF659AB7A50C02120990" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">TEGUMENT: Moderately shining; collum coarsely microgranulate; prozona finely shagreened; metaterga and surface below paraterga finely microgranulate; paraterga, sterna and epiproct smooth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="90C33E23CE6FA755DD525556DB7EDDE0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
METATERGA (Fig. 18 
<normalizedToken id="8B70A1AAE7736B7A7C6909FA58C35960" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
): With 2 transverse rows of tubercles; metaterga 2-4 with 2+2 anterior tubercles and 2+2 posterior tubercles; metaterga 5-19 with 2(1)+2(1) anterior tubercles and 2+2 posterior tubercles (lateral setae of anterior row in some specimens very distinct, in some specimens poorly developed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F8CFC82B676B55BA423C69D8F190AD8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">PARATERGA (Fig. 18E, F): Long, strongly developed; directed caudolaterad on body rings 2-17, elevated at ca. 45° (male) 40° (female); directed increasingly caudad on body rings 18 and 19; anterior margin with 2 distinct notches, on lateral margin of body rings 9, 10, 12, 13, 15-18 with tiny denticle near the tip.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3743993B0A6645B4652AF9ED4728D53C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
TELSON (Fig. 19 
<normalizedToken id="8117A5304353443CBEAC3E6BC9605AA2" originalValue="C–G">C-G</normalizedToken>
): Epiproct: tip usually truncate (in some specimens slightly emarginate); lateral setiferous tubercles and apical setiferous tubercles conspicuous, coniform. Hypoproct subtrapeziform; caudal margin slightly round (in some specimens subtruncate), with inconspicuous setiferous tubercles.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8A4E3541C3769F7C7274E587D48FF665" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="2C1A4F9B6CB75CC32417C455FCE660B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 19. 
<taxonomicName id="134FB5645A81159DC6DD74ADB36F4398" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895) - specimen from Wat Satit Khirirom. A body rings 8-10 B sculpture of ring 10 C, E last ring and telson D hypoproct F, G epiproct H male leg 5 (right) I male leg 6 (right) J male leg 13 (right).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A27CA253878E59A7E5C9E6261B047608" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">STERNA (Fig. 20): Cross-impressions shallow (in some specimens slightly deep). Sternal lobe between male coxae 4 swollen, usually subtrapeziform (in some specimens subsemicircular), usually thick when seen in lateral view (in some specimens thin), slightly attenuated near tip, tip round/subtruncate/slightly emarginate.</paragraph>
<caption id="CB5AB04E78BACA72235FCEA89BEBBC78" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="683D0D13172D76382BF561CB9A6E9211" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 20. 
<taxonomicName id="374E7291BDF608A1BDFBBCAA27F4FA3D" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895), specimens from Wat Satit Khirirom - sternal lobe between male coxae 4. A, B lateral view C, D ventral view E, F caudal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5708496B50E0C7652AEF022E596E807D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
LEGS (Fig. 19 
<normalizedToken id="E5623B82041E5763D15D86856E248D28" originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
): Very long and slender. Male femora 5 and 6 strongly humped ventrally in middle portion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DDDF3F6495FBE5E451FCD291F1E58D5C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">GONOPODS (Figs 21, 22): Coxa (cx) longer than prefemur. Cannula (ca) long and slender. Prefemur (pfe) ca. 2/3 as long as femur. Femur (fe) long and slender. Mesal sulcus (ms) and lateral sulcus (ls) conspicuous, very deep and narrow. Postfemur (pof) conspicuous, ventrally narrow. Solenophore (sph) well-developed: lamina lateralis (ll) stout; anterolaterally with a long, distinct, deep and wide furrow; with a long, wide and conspicuous ventral ridge (vrl): lamina medialis (lm) well-developed; process (plm) long, of irregular shape (varies within population), distinctly demarcated from distal lobe, tip blunt (in some specimens terminating in spines), directed mesodorsad; distal lobe (dlm) distally with one distinct lamella; broad lobe (blm) slightly thick at the edge, distinctly demarcated from distal lobe (dlm) by a wide and shallow indentation. Solenomere (sl) long.</paragraph>
<caption id="CA26F6A5796763711A54ED6EE6ED1082" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="6D493F1FFA9326FBDDDBB91C3C3EB6D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 21. 
<taxonomicName id="E85D1939B2DF76DF06DFEB1B0DD49095" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895), specimen from Wat Satit Khirirom - right gonopod. A mesal view B dorsal view (arrow = furrow) C ventral view D submesal view (arrow = indentation) E lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C2B14336EB3C3B271FBD08A3913D6887" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="7FB3828FDA003E73BF541B6B14C8AEBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 22. 
<taxonomicName id="1D0494B0DAC0DD4D6055FA8408BD5DE8" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895), specimen from Wat Satit Khirirom - right gonopod. A lateral view B mesal view C ventral view D subdorsal view (arrow = indentation) E dorsal view F subdorsal view (arrow = furrow).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="015E152B6B996BD63A44106709FDD483" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="615830F1E5B0F05143688190FA0B37CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE431B3F19A5804CCA56571573BF4C31" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2CD8210DBA189DD106B6AEA21D7F6F7A" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes cervina" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervina">Desmoxytes cervina</taxonomicName>
is known from Myanmar (Lenya National Park) and Thailand (Chumphon, Krabi, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Phang Nga, Phuket, Ranong, and Surat Thani Provinces). The type locality is in south of Tenasserim, but we do not know the exact location, probably somewhere near Taninthayi township. The locality of the paralectotype (see below) &quot;Malewoon, Tenasserim&quot;, is currently known as Maliwan Village.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E54268ACD2B75917DC27448EB96C065B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Almost all specimens were collected from limestone habitats, a few specimens were collected from granitic areas. Interestingly, 
<taxonomicName id="9AB0B44D66C475B18A7B562AE386358C" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
was also found in some islands in both the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand (Mu Koh Surin National Park, Phuket, and Ko Samui).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BEDB6D3988B98DABE97BA9DA4C9D2AE7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="E433AA5A12101533F5DE87A218E1E460" author="Decker, P" journalOrPublisher="Schubartiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="23 - 34" title="Contributions to the myriapod fauna of Thailand-New records of millipedes and centipedes from Thailand (Myriapoda: Diplopoda, Chilopoda)." url="http://www.schubartiana.de/issues/pdf/vol4/Decker-2010-Myriapod_fauna_of_Thailand.pdf" volume="4" year="2010">Decker (2010)</bibRefCitation>
classified &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="09F9E210B57B2E28AAC6F01C478944D9" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot; as endemic for Thailand due to its narrow range near the type locality. After intensive collecting and synonymising of 
<taxonomicName id="91F341B097D73DEF750FCC4393A32B7B" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
and &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="D936447D8188D4E69F7EB2A81575688D" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot;, the known distribution range has expanded to southern Myanmar and southern Thailand.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5CA53128BAA63EFE797EF108731BBEF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species was found living together with 
<taxonomicName id="1CDF8B4F1EAA6F48E7A6A72F7079AFEC" lsidName="D. delfae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="delfae">D. delfae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6F5D6FA5AE8E59F649431FE43834E4D0" lsidName="D. corythosaurus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="corythosaurus">D. corythosaurus</taxonomicName>
sp. n. According to our observations, it is probable that they may even share microhabitat: humid rocks, branches of trees and rock walls.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F41A403722C9ABF2641219ECFD89E459" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7C1EDA5D1449D9AEE09C71D18D1AEE05" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Note on material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="40C338546AD50D9EECC0A7A8FEF853CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species was described based on two males, one of which was collected by L. Fea (Malewoon, Tenasserim - MSNG) and the other collected by E. W. Oates (south Tenasserim - NHMUK).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1BC2E2FE4A58BE9CD444FD75E101A16A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="AF1140CD4FEB9AEE7BBFCDC775612F49" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 73" title="Two new species of Pratinus Attems, with taxonomic notes on the genus and a redescription of its type-species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/548475" volume="11" year="1964">Jeekel (1964)</bibRefCitation>
revised this species by examining the male in MSNG; he stated that &quot;in anticipation of the designation as holotype of the specimen collected by Oates in the British Museum, I have labelled this specimen as paratype&quot;. However, the holotype has never been designated in the original description. R.L. Hoffman visited NHMUK and labelled the specimen collected by Oates as paratype, but he did not publish this designation, which is in conflict with 
<bibRefCitation id="23B1D011B74ACB3406D327D1849EE156" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 73" title="Two new species of Pratinus Attems, with taxonomic notes on the genus and a redescription of its type-species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/548475" volume="11" year="1964">
<normalizedToken id="E0B4D162186CCE0ADA51CB284DFCBEC1" originalValue="Jeekel’s">Jeekel's</normalizedToken>
(1964)
</bibRefCitation>
paratype designation. Therefore, we here designate the male collected by Oates and belonging to NHMUK as lectotype to stabilise the name. The male in MSNG (which we have not examined) is considered to be a paralectotype.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="739BDB1319C00757CA10D9C1118F744D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Some specimens kept in MHNG and identified as &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="4FD59EE8E760067BB97D025C302E0294" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot; by 
<bibRefCitation id="6A07DDE503C9594447ECB20C93CE11F9" author="Decker, P" journalOrPublisher="Schubartiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="23 - 34" title="Contributions to the myriapod fauna of Thailand-New records of millipedes and centipedes from Thailand (Myriapoda: Diplopoda, Chilopoda)." url="http://www.schubartiana.de/issues/pdf/vol4/Decker-2010-Myriapod_fauna_of_Thailand.pdf" volume="4" year="2010">Decker (2010)</bibRefCitation>
, are probably 
<taxonomicName id="DF71FF07D559A7B359AEE8256D42A893" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
because the localities fall within the distribution range of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B9499C6CB366BA88492A447B0AC8D64" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="F6CBC582923D20626D615F2BCCAA626B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E0750172AF4C89A772ACA5AFA85EEB96" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This is the first report of the colour of living specimens for this species; the brownish red colour is apparently aposematic. 
<bibRefCitation id="985FF339DD4BBEB7F9C796963266AE25" author="Pocock, RI" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="787 - 834" title="The Myriopoda of Burma, Pt. IV. Report upon the Polydesmoidea collected by Sig. L. Fea, Mr. E. W. Oates and others, by R. I. Pocock of the British Museum of Natural History." url="https://archive.org/details/cbarchive_104716_themyriapodaofburma1870" volume="14" year="1895">Pocock (1895)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="A788E3390FB16A8DE787F07D828CA034" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 71" title="Review of the dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="20" year="1994">Golovatch and Enghoff (1994)</bibRefCitation>
did not mention the colour of living specimens. We found two colour morphs of 
<taxonomicName id="15E42298B6783E02D47798A7214BC5C0" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
: brownish red and brown. The majority of specimens are brownish red, and the minority are brown; the latter colour can be found in a few specimens within a population.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD2C6C883A858C0D71D70D4B27792B64" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Interestingly, brownish red and brown morphs occur in the same habitat in the valley behind Tiger Cave and Ban Song Phi Nong. The brown morph was found at Wat Tham Kanlaya Namit, Wat Tham Thong Phannara, Tham Nam Pud, Phung Chang Cave and Wat Suwan Khuha (Monkey Cave). Specimens from the remaining localities are of the brownish red morph. We examined the morphological characters of all specimens of both colour morphs; all specimens exhibit the same morphology, especially in the gonopods which are identical. Perhaps the difference in colour is caused by environmental factors and/or genetic variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="28CD26E1512773A97668C0F480C60D1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
We assume that the type material of both 
<taxonomicName id="CD7DB51C9F8D43289ABFC17E8564E261" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
, collected by Oates and Fea a hundred years ago, and &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="DFE6758B845A7048627FB9CF27B6362F" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot; collected by M. Andersen and A.R. Rasmussen 17 years ago, did probably exhibit brownish red colour because all specimens near the type localities are brownish red. We found additionally that the colour of some females is pale brownish red or pale brown, and the colour of juveniles is pale brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14146A52620CA6FFA1D3E175AE7B88F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="481A369E6152F4EF302114919DEF600A" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 73" title="Two new species of Pratinus Attems, with taxonomic notes on the genus and a redescription of its type-species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/548475" volume="11" year="1964">Jeekel (1964)</bibRefCitation>
wrote in his redescription that 
<taxonomicName id="8FAC7272AAA5C5620446507483DB2D2B" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
shows collum without setae, metaterga 2-19 with 1+1 anterior tubercles and 2+2 posterior tubercles. 
<bibRefCitation id="A326493C04C5EB089F064C761AC16963" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 71" title="Review of the dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="20" year="1994">Golovatch and Enghoff (1994)</bibRefCitation>
distinguished &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="3139CE9BD2193B77C00C56268651BC45" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot; from 
<taxonomicName id="7FD3B5DBF319BA99778040DB2934CED7" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
by having smooth metaterga. They also described &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="E05DB98C1EF372E39278C49F518377CE" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot; as having no pleurosternal carinae, antenna reaching to ring 4 in male, collum with 2 rows of 3+3 anterior setae and 1+1 intermediate setae, metaterga 2-19 with 2+2 anterior cones and 2+2 posterior cones. After examination of all type material and newly collected specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="2EB47BCB00B7950553BA3981B4F46B2A" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
and &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="E0A0C82626B7897BECD4878E9614EFF1" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot;, we found that:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="349637E3500ED0D0339127C18DE2817A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
- all specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="355A2859F44854D431508772AB3F2169" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
and &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="01833AE24C94C580D9F650FF5089EDF8" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot; display fine microgranulation on the metaterga.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2DCEA8A8D540646F23497080E9CEA5C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- all specimens have pleurosternal carinae, in body ring 2 very distinct and crest-like, in ring 3 very small, thereafter absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E984D295A2E51B37D0CA82B38A948B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
- antenna reaches to ring 6-7 in male and to ring 5-6 in female of both 
<taxonomicName id="BF46B7FF7FD5D3408E1926AB40E9F525" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
and &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="D632CE80FCB0E85A7DE86CA340EBFCEA" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB9EB2A17464B2F75FF64B5B179BB8BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- collum has 3+3 anterior setae in all specimens - because Jeekel studied old preserved specimens, the setae may have been lost over time.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="897F67CAA55FD6C167F699A43570276C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- metaterga 5-19 varies within populations; metaterga 2-4 with 2+2 anterior tubercles and 2+2 posterior tubercles, metaterga 5-19 with 2+2/1+1 anterior and 2+2 posterior tubercles.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825CD5903CB487B79A42F39218ED09CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Several other characters show variability, as follows:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE8BBBFC9B4059A4A8F583011EF9E502" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. variation within populations</paragraph>
<paragraph id="77DFC52F442CCBFA441A6F6DF80F1BEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
- size of tubercles on metaterga: tubercles conspicuous in some specimens, inconspicuous in the others (bigger and more obvious in the holotype of &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="E8BB7D420F369AD2D138608D581374F8" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot; than in the lectotype of 
<taxonomicName id="ED8A9B5B058834F791A4A7137D6DF2EF" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1259B28DA3660EC2F00B7E4A1918C34A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- tip of process (plm) of lamina medialis: in some specimens terminating in one blunt process, in others terminating in a sharp spine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1054A4EEE480F29938F90F4753DD97" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- shape of sternal lobe between male coxae 4: in some individuals subtrapeziform, in others subsemicircular.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C8B4C3DD6C345420AFCE2DAB1543F119" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- tip of sternal lobe between male coxae 4: in some specimens round, in some subtruncate, in others emarginate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A837EA9B3CD316651D7C1476A4959BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- cross-impressions on sternum: in some individuals shallow and faint, in others slightly deep.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BACDB81690E7F1DCE152FF00EA95BAAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- tip of epiproct: in some individuals truncate, in others slightly emarginate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="869CB00FF80B6ABBF8BDDC7028C4B8D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- caudal margin of hypoproct: in some specimens slightly round, in others subtruncate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF70EA6D0408C07EE854717EC66A98DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- size of sternal lobe between male coxae 4 when seen in lateral view in specimens from Wat Satit Khirirom: in some specimens thick, in others thin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E3307DC15A500A092CE53C68047EA9D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">II. variation between populations</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2DF2EC97AE4CDA914ECB1F84A7A50E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- colour: all individuals in the same population usually have the same colour: brown or brownish red. However, in some populations (valley behind Tiger Cave and Ban Song Phi Nong) brownish red and brown individuals coexist.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B8596E6DA66D1B2FEBA4A2D93C716CDC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Although the male paralectotype of 
<taxonomicName id="FE971C861EDC5D43A6F57EF2DB63D28C" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
(in MSNG) has not been examined by us, the morphological characters for this specimen as redescribed by 
<bibRefCitation id="40B1F495195CAF77DB2222B938F4FB8A" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 73" title="Two new species of Pratinus Attems, with taxonomic notes on the genus and a redescription of its type-species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/548475" volume="11" year="1964">Jeekel (1964)</bibRefCitation>
perfectly match the morphology of the numerous other specimens we have seen. Based on our analysis of morphology and variation of these specimens we have synonymised &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="8D6DD8DC0FE469269A617FC6426DE015" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot; under 
<taxonomicName id="A18B2DA7564AFF492E73A1920512CE84" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="88FCD74A9332A2546500A87CC658DDC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Distribution data support the synonymisation: the type localities of &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="698EAD4BD50DA3265B19FE358BF84585" lsidName="D. pterygota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterygota">D. pterygota</taxonomicName>
&quot; (Ranong Province) and 
<taxonomicName id="B65D2AFEF0FB79FA001D08491D411C0C" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
(Tenasserim = Taninthayi) are very close to each other. Our intensive surveys prove that this species is distributed quite widely, but nevertheless is found in south Myanmar and south Thailand only.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="36286F38B91E72346EEB65CB149E5657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
During the field survey, we noticed several adult males of 
<taxonomicName id="21DAC54E563EFDDE97C453E5B365EB75" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
which were infested with red mites. The mites are probably larvae of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="8676211203ADFDC6A20C3FDAFC59D179" class="Arachnida" family="Erythraeidae" genus="Leptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptus" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptus</taxonomicName>
Latreille, 1796 (
<taxonomicName id="6B64476CBFB54B49BB796E025CAB5677" lsidName="Hylomus" order="Prostigmata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="order">Prostigmata</taxonomicName>
, family 
<taxonomicName id="0226F178129F492E3E4E826522A074CF" family="Erythraeidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Erythraeidae</taxonomicName>
). Associations between mites and millipedes may be of a phoretic or a parasitic nature (
<bibRefCitation id="421D7F4C10961F183AC3B7045B93C73D" author="Gerdeman, BS" journalOrPublisher="Fragmenta Faunistica, Warszawa Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="223 - 227" title="Insights into the biology of a mite-millipede association." volume="43" year="2000">Gerdeman et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="2BDC271295D99B2FACBA71CA5BE28A21" author="Swafford, L" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="445 - 451" title="The symbiotic mites of some Appalachian Xystodesmidae (Diplopoda: Polydesmida) and the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the mite Stylochyrusrarior (Berlese) (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ologamasidae)." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/IS09036" volume="23" year="2010">Swafford and Bond 2010</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="E34E264DDC1DF1DC16889CFE5D1967C6" author="Farfan, MA" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Myriapodology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="69 - 91" title="Phoretic mite associates of millipedes (Diplopoda, Julidae) in the northern Atlantic region (North America, Europe)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/ijm.7.3064" volume="7" year="2012">Farfan and Klompen 2012</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="1CF09B375B3F9AB0DAC75864239136A9" author="Mwabvu, T" journalOrPublisher="Soil Organisms" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="147 - 151" title="Surface-active millipedes (Diplopoda) and associated mites (Acari, Mesostigmata) in Pigeon Valley Nature Reserve in Durban, South Africa." url="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/publikationen/soilorganisms/volume_86_2/6_86_2_06_mwabu.pdf" volume="86" year="2014">Mwabvu 2014</bibRefCitation>
). In Fig. 17C and D, several engorged mites are seen along with a few small, non-engorged ones, and we therefore assume that the mite species found in 
<taxonomicName id="6921EEC15AFAE8336DCA7A5C742718A5" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
is parasitic, like other 
<taxonomicName id="623B47214B668B6CA079AFD0EDC45555" class="Arachnida" family="Erythraeidae" genus="Leptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptus" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptus</taxonomicName>
larvae. 
<bibRefCitation id="1ACE668331EBB5C5CD76BD8ABF010B80" author="Southcott, RV" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 153" title="Revision of the larvae of Leptus Latreille (Acarina: Erythraeidae) of Europe and North America, with descriptions of post-larval instars." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1992.tb01228.x" volume="105" year="1992">Southcott (1992)</bibRefCitation>
described 
<taxonomicName id="4137E7A40866BEEB94B9C3575464F6DB" class="Arachnida" family="Erythraeidae" genus="Leptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptus millipedius" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="millipedius">Leptus millipedius</taxonomicName>
from julid millipedes, but this is the first record of a parasitic prostigmatan mite from a paradoxosomatid millipede. The only record of a mite from 
<taxonomicName id="BBB35E6CB4C1FE72ADFC201EF4AD1B71" family="Paradoxosomatidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Paradoxosomatidae</taxonomicName>
concerns the widespread 
<taxonomicName id="63A85844B63BC0B1C2B835DFD7FD8806" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Oxidus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oxidus gracilis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Oxidus gracilis</taxonomicName>
(C. L. Koch, 1847) which was reported as associated with 
<taxonomicName id="EFBC3EE7A973E06E50CFA9C067AC73C5" family="Melicharidae" genus="Cosmolaelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmolaelaps hortensis" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hortensis">Cosmolaelaps hortensis</taxonomicName>
Ishikawa, 1986 (
<taxonomicName id="88EB0EE0F45A36218DA73136C95925A7" lsidName="Hylomus" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="order">Mesostigmata</taxonomicName>
, family 
<taxonomicName id="395456F8BA493D64CC151E65323CF0A8" family="Laelapidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Laelapidae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="06CBF07E0B4803597E6E7EDEC5512C11" author="Ishikawa, K" journalOrPublisher="Reports of Research Matsuyama Shinonome Jr College" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="165 - 177" title="Gamasid mites (Acarina) associated with Japanese millipeds." volume="17" year="1986">Ishikawa 1986</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC4D40660856B0A4855ACE17A50746D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="46DCC19AF44BD06C37D7C2163EE92013" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 71" title="Review of the dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="20" year="1994">Golovatch and Enghoff (1994)</bibRefCitation>
reported one broken male of &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="51D312179643E8C704CE2D114BDD7DF5" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Desmoxytes</taxonomicName>
sp.&quot; from Phuket Province, Thailand. According to the remarks of 
<bibRefCitation id="AF92710E233D5C98B2D1FE7460B9D0FB" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 71" title="Review of the dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="20" year="1994">Golovatch and Enghoff (1994)</bibRefCitation>
, the gonopod characters of this specimen were similar to 
<taxonomicName id="9F6F04B1FCC6A88F5F302632550E2326" lsidName="D. delfae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="delfae">D. delfae</taxonomicName>
, but the paraterga showed a higher degree of elevation. We examined this specimen again and found it to share gonopod and other characters with 
<taxonomicName id="EA3F82F81E4130917B527D3E2B321396" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
. We therefore treat &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="517C42280BC03D1D7B28AA41DC6205AF" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Desmoxytes</taxonomicName>
sp.&quot; as 
<taxonomicName id="CD0B7268E80DECFF920F461B5EA52BAE" lsidName="D. cervina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervina">D. cervina</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AC967F61C8ECFFA92111B1CB18980E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="coexisting species">
<paragraph id="0471CE068A99ABD251CE63FD1AEC151E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coexisting species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="71DAA20C17DB2726B4B4E582464D1967" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="6CED57305756D468F33A7A6006731080" lsidName="D. delfae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="delfae">D. delfae</taxonomicName>
at Wat Tham Sue (Tiger Cave), Krung Ching Waterfall, Khiri Rat Pattana Bureau of Monks (Wat Khao Poon); 
<taxonomicName id="FBDABF566FB53CA16CA9DEE91629CE16" lsidName="D. corythosaurus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="corythosaurus">D. corythosaurus</taxonomicName>
sp. n. at Ban Song Phi Nong.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>